1、最新 料推薦崇明區(qū) 2019 屆第一次期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)試卷英語(yǔ)I. Listening ComprehensionII. Grammar and Vocabulary Section AElectric Bike Ban in New York Hurts Food Delivery WorkersA ban on electric bicycles in New York City is hurting delivery workers who depend on them to earna living. Many of the workers are immigrants.Electric

2、bicycles, or-bikes,“e” look like regular bicycles, but they have electric- powered motors toassist riders in moving the bike forward. Most e -bikes reach speeds of about 32 kilometers an hour, but some can go much (21)_ (fast).(22)_ it is legal to own e-bikes in New York City, it is not legal to ope

3、rate them. Officialsthere consider the dangerous use of e-bikes on streets and sidewalks as reason (23)_ the ban. Lastyear, the city announced severe measures (24)_ (mean) to hold e-bike riders and restaurants thatemploy the riders responsible.E-bike operators can now be fined $500 for breaking the

4、ban. The police (25)_ also seize thebikes.Many of New York deliverys workers are Chinese immigrants in their 50s and 60s. Their job requires them to work quickly and for long hours (26)_ (earn) enough money to live on.Delivery worker Deqing Lian said it is important to perform quality work (27)_ the

5、ir jobalso depends on tips. He added that when delivery workers are too slow, some people refuse to pay for thefood. This makes the workers supervisors angry.LiqiangLiu is an e-bike delivery worker and spokesperson for the New York Delivery WorkersUnion. He says (28)_ (catch) breaking the ban and ha

6、ving the bike seized would cause costlydelays for workers.Do Lee is withthe BikingPublic Project, (29)_ provides assistance to bicycle -relatedworkers in New York City. He says the city-bikesbanis uonfairlye targeting low-paid workers wholargelycome fromthe cityLatinosand Asiancommunities.Hedoes not

7、 accept the argument(30)_ e -bikes present a danger to citizens. However, many New Yorkers are quick to blame e -bikeriders for not being safe.Section BA. overateB. preciousC. rateD. researchersE. impressionF. previousG. presentedH. interpretI. goersJ. revealedK. consumerPeople Think Meals Taste Bet

8、ter If They Are ExpensiveIt is said that there s no such thing as a free lunch, but even if you manage to bag a bargain meal, it will not taste as good as a more expensive meal, according to scientists.A new study has found that restaurant _31_ who pay more for their meals think the food is tastier1

9、最新 料推薦than if it is offered for a smaller price. The experts think that people tend to associate cost with quality andthis changes their _32_ of how food tastes.Scientists at Cornell University in New York studied the eating habits of 139 people enjoying anItalian buffet(自助餐 ) in a restaurant. The p

10、rice of the food was set by the _33_ at either $4 or $8 for theall -you -can-eat meal. Customers were asked to _34_ how good the food tasted, the quality of therestaurant and to leave their names.The experiment _35_ that the people who paid $8 for the food enjoyed their meal 11 percent morethan thos

11、e who ate the “ cheaper buffet”. Interestinglythose that paid for the $4 buffet said they feltguiltierabout loading up their plates and felt that they _36_. However, the scientists said that bothgroups ate around the same quantity of food in total, according to the study _37_ at the ExperimentalBiol

12、ogy meeting this week.Brian Wansink, a professor of _38_ behavior at the university, said:“ We were fascinatthat pricing has little impact on how much one eats, but a huge impact on how you _39_ the experience. He thinks that people enjoyed their food more as they associated cost with quality and th

13、at small changes to a restaurant can change how tasty people find their meals.In a(n) _40_ study, scientists from the university showed that people who eat in dim lighting consume 175 less calories(卡路里 ) than people who eat in brightly lit areas.III. Reading Comprehension Section AHow Climate Change

14、 Affects Airline FlightsHot weather has forced dozens of commercial flights to be canceled at airports in the Southwest thissummer. This flight -disturbing _41_ is a warning sign. Climate change is projected to have far-reaching_42_ -including sea level rise flooding cities and shifting weather patt

15、erns causing long-term declinesin agricultural production. And there is evidence that it is beginning to affect the takeoff performance ofcommercial aircraft, with potential effects on airline _43_.National andglobaltransportation systems andthe economicactivitytheysupporthave beendesigned for the c

16、limate in which it all developed. In theaviation (航空 ) industry, airports and aircraft aredesigned for the weather conditions experienced _44_. Because the climate ischanging, evenfundamental elements like airports and key economic parts like air transportation may need to be _45_.As scientists focu

17、sed on the impacts of climate change and extreme weather on human society andnatural ecosystems around the world, our research has quantified how extreme heat associated with ourwarming climate may affect _46_ around the world. We ve found that major airports from New York toDubai to Bangkokwillsee

18、more frequenttakeoffweight _47_in thecomingdecades duetoincreasingly common hottemperatures, whichcan help reduce the aircraftweightsso as to loweritsrequired takeoff speed.There is obvious evidence that extreme events such as heat waves and coastal flooding are happeningwith greater frequency and i

19、ntensity than just a few decades ago. And if we _48_ to reduce greenhousegas emissions significantlyin the next few decades, the frequency and intensity of these extremes isprojected to increase dramatically.The _49_ on aviation may be widespread. Many airports are built near sea level, putting them

20、 at2最新 料推薦risk of more frequent _50_ as oceans rise. The frequency and intensity of violent air movement mayincrease in some regions due to strengtheninghigh -altitude (高海拔的 ) wind. Stronger winds would forceairlines and pilots to change flight lengths and routines, potentially increasing fuel _51_.

21、Many departments of the economy, including the aviation industry, have yet to seriously _52_ theeffects of climate change. The sooner, thebetter: Both airport constructionand aircraft design takedecades, and have _53_ effects. Today s newest planes may well be flying in 40 or 50 years, and their_54_

22、 are being designed now. The earlierclimate impacts are understood and appreciated, the moreeffective and less costly adaptation can be. Those adaptations may even include innovative ways todramatically reduce climate-altering emissions across the aviation industry, which would help reduce theproble

23、m while also _55_ it.41.A. schemeB. heatC. shiftD. mess42.A. contributionsB. confusionsC. feedbacksD. consequences43.A. pilotsB. reservationsC. costsD. accidents44.A. historicallyB. enormouslyC. fundamentallyD. domestically45.A. retestedB. implementedC. prospectedD. reengineered46.A. travelsB. devel

24、opmentsC. flightsD. communications47.A. disordersB. gainsC. bansD. restrictions48.A. happenB. failC. aimD. promise49.A. taxesB. effectsC. viewpointsD. comments50.A. floodingB. rottingC. repairingD. transferring51.A. standardB. efficiencyC. distributionD. consumption52.A. considerB. avoidC. maximizeD

25、. demonstrate53.A. greaterB. differentC. lastingD. direct54.A. airportsB. productsC. contractsD. replacements55.A. sneezing atB. responding toC. resulting inD. recovering fromSection BDirections : Read the following three passage . Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statemen

26、ts. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.( A )Flu is killing us. The usual response to the annual flu is not enough to fight against the risks we currently face, let alone prep

27、are us for an even deadlier widespread flu that most experts agree will comein the future. Yes, we have an annual vaccine( 疫苗 ), and everyone qualified should get it without question. The reality , however, is that less than half Americans get the flu vaccines. And the flu vaccines we have are only

28、60% effective in the best years and 10% effective in the worst years. We urgently need a much3最新 料推薦more effective flu vaccine.In the U.S alone, seasonal flu can cause up to 36 million infections, three-quarters of a million hospitalizations and 56,000 deaths. We are not investing the resources need

29、ed to protect ourselves, our loved ones and our communities.Why not? We haven beent hit by a truly destructive widespread disease in a long time. So as individuals, we let down our guard as our leaders quietly defund and distaff the services we need to protect us.The risk of continued foot dragging

30、is huge. In a severe widespread disease, the U.S health care system could be defeated in just weeks. Millions of people would be infected by the virus, and would die in the weeks and months following the initial outbreak.The cost of preventing epidemics( 流行病 ) is roughly a tenth of what it costs to

31、cope with them when they hit. In 2012, a call was issued for an annual billion -dollar U.S. commitment to the development of a universal flu vaccine. Six years later, the search for a universal vaccine remained seriously underfunded.The simple reason lies in our collective satisfaction. As soon as h

32、eadlines about the flu are going hospitals are emptied of flu patients, and school and workplace absence rates declines, we go back to business as usual.Leading scientists and public health officials have the capability to keep us much safer from flu. They need your quick and decisive support to suc

33、ceed. Your action today may be a matter of life and death for you and your loved ones.56. The problem of the current flu vaccines is that _.A. they are not available every yearB. most Americans are not allowed to get themC. not everyone is qualified for themD. many people still catch flu after getti

34、ng them57. What does the author mean by“ continued foot dragging” in Paragraph 4?A. Hospitals cannot meet the needs of patients during flu outbreaks.B. The leaders continue to drag the feet of the patients infected with fluC. Individuals aren t alert enough to the underinvestment in flu prevention.D

35、. Flu will certainly become a severe widespread disease in near future.58. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Science is currently not so developed as to keep us safer from flu.B. The death from flu is much higher than that from other diseases.C. The general public is partially to blame for th

36、e neglect of flu prevention.D. Developing a universal flu vaccine will cost more than dealing with flu.59. The author wrote the passage mainly to _ -. A. teach people more effective ways to fight against flu B. call on people to take flu outbreaks far more seriouslyC. encourage medical scientists to

37、 develop more flu vaccines D. urge the government to publicize the risks of widespread flu.( B )4最新 料推薦How to get your tax refundAt the storeGet a Global Blue Tax Free Form. If you do not have a SHOP TAX FREE Card, see” Howin your Tax Free Forms.”Make sure your Tax Free Form is filled in before arri

38、ving at the point of departure.Remember no refund without:CompletedReceiptsCustomsFormattachedvalidation( 驗(yàn)證 )At the point of departureFor non-EU residents onlyGoods carried in checked -in luggage.1. Check your luggage in at the check-in counter; tell the check -in clerk you need it back for Customs

39、purposes.2. Take the labelled luggage to Customs, show the goods, and have your Tax Free Forms stamped.3. Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate refund service provider._Goods carried in hand luggage:1. Go to Customs after passport control, show the goods, and have your Tax Free Forms stamped.

40、 Please note: Customs clearance of goods in hand luggage can only take place at the last EU airport before you finally leave the EU.2. Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate bank counter or post it to the appropriate refund service provider._Allow time for the refund process. Go to Customs bef

41、ore or after check-in, see Refund Office list. Present your completed Tax Free Forms, receipts , passport , and purchased items to get a stamp.Go to a Refund Office displaying the Global Blue logo( 標(biāo)識(shí) ). Receive your refund paid to your credit card within five days or in cash.In a rush? Mail your st

42、amped and completed Tax Free Forms and receipts back to us in the envelope provided and get your refund paid to your credit card within three weeks. EU: European Union.60. Whom is the above information intended for? A. EU residents who want to get their tax refunded. B. Non -EU residents who are goi

43、ng to travel in EU.C. EU residents who have Global Blue Tax Free Forms D. Non -EU residents who are leaving EU after purchase.61. To get your tax refund , you need to _ after having your luggage checked in if you put your purchased goods in your check -in luggage.5最新 料推薦A. show your purchased goods

44、to the check -in clerkB. cash in your stamped Form at the check -in counterC. take back your luggage to the Customs to get a stampD. go to the Customs to fill in a form without the luggage.62. What can be learned from the passage?A. It s a must to attach the receipts to the form to get your tax refu

45、ndB. It s unnecessary to show your passport to the Customs for a stampC. You can get your refund in cash after posting your form if in a hurryD. You can get your refund by credit card at once at the appropriate counter.( C )A portrait created by artificial intelligence, or AI, made a historicappeara

46、nce on the auction(拍賣(mài) ) block at Christie s in New York City. It is the first artwork created by analgorithm( 算法 ) to be offered for auction in the world of fine art.The odd- looking painting of a fictitious man in a dark frockcoat left the auction block at Christiefor a whopping US$432,500 on Oct.

47、25 in New York City.The portrait designed in the“ Old Master” style reminiscent of European fine artists from centurieago only partially fills the canvas, leaving empty space around the central figure. It appears to representa man with a blurred face, dressed in clothing similar to that worn by subj

48、ects painted by the Dutch artistRembrandt van Rijn in the 17th century.Of course, a computer didn t automatically pick up a brush and become an artist. The AI that createdthe image had human programmers-a Parisian art collective called Obvious, Christie s eration, titled“ Portraitof Edm

49、ond DeBelamy, ”is part of a series ofpaintingsofthe fictionalBelamy family and was expected to fetch $7,000 to $10,000, according to Christie s.To create the portrait, the Obvious team first fed the network a diet of 15,000 images painted betweenthe 14th and 20thcenturies, to train itto recognize vi

50、sual elements infineart, Obviousartists HugoCaselles-Dupre told Christie s. The algorithm that eventually created an original image had two parts thatworked against each other, called the Generator (that makes the art) and a Discriminator(that tries to spotthe difference between human -created and A

51、I -created images), Caselles-Dupre explained: they called thisAI “ generate adversarial network” (GAN),-DupreCasellsexplained.GAN s finalimage was then printedand framed,according to Obvious. At the bottome oftheportraitisa mathematical formula( 公式 )representingthealgorithmthatcreated it,anod tother

52、elationshipbetween the Generator and theDiscriminator,Obvious artistswrote onthecollective swebsite.The goal of the painting andofObvious, also co-founded by Hugo Caselles -Dupre and GauthierVernier,was to prove “ artificial intelligencecando morethan operate driverless cars or transformmanufacturin

53、g - it can be creative,” Consumer News and Business Channel reported.Portraiture isa tough task forAIto take on,according to Christie “s,sincehumans are highly6最新 料推薦accustomed to the curves and complexities of a face in a way that a machine cannot be.” Twas part of Obvious thinking when they created the portrait.“ Edmond de Belamy ” is one of eleven AI paintings made by Obvious.63. I