1、仁愛(ài)英語(yǔ)七年級(jí)上冊(cè)Unit 3 Topic 3知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)一、不可數(shù)名詞英語(yǔ)中，不能用具體數(shù)字來(lái)表示數(shù)量的名詞是不可數(shù)名詞。常見(jiàn)的有：water水 juice果汁 milk牛奶 money錢(qián) food食物 bread面包 fish魚(yú)肉 rice米飯 chicken雞肉glass 玻璃注意：不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，前面不能用具體的數(shù)字來(lái)表示數(shù)量，如：waters two money many breads 等，都是錯(cuò)誤的。不可數(shù)名詞前可用下面的詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示數(shù)量。some 一些； any一些； a lot of許多； a little一點(diǎn)； little幾乎沒(méi)有 等：some water 一些水；

2、 a lot of water 許多水； a little water一點(diǎn)水；little water 幾乎沒(méi)有水 也可以用一些短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示具體的數(shù)量。如：a glass of 一杯； a bag of一袋子 ； a box of一盒/箱子 ； a piece of 一張a glass of water 一杯水a(chǎn) piece of chicken一塊雞肉a box of bread 一盒子面包a bag of rice 一袋米two glasses of water 兩杯水five pieces of chicken 五塊雞肉four boxes of bread四盒子面包three bags

3、of rice三袋米二、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. help yourself ( to sth. )2. would like sth. = want sth. 3. would like to do sth. = want to do sth. 4. What about ？= How about？ 5. something to eat6. something to drink7. eat out 8. get sth 9. on Sunday 10. take + 人/物to + 地點(diǎn) 11. go to + 地點(diǎn) 12. a glass of water（milk） 13. take sbs or

4、der 14. chicken with vegetables 15. have lunch 16. have sth for lunch 17. why not ( + do sth) ?18. need sth. 19. need to do sth. 20. be kind to sb.21. be glad to do sth. 22. look forward to(doing)sth 1. 請(qǐng)（你）隨便（吃/喝）2. 想要某物3. 想要做某事，愿意做某事4. 怎么樣？ 5. 吃的東西6. 喝的東西7. 下館子，到外面吃飯8. 得到某物9. (在)星期天10. 把帶到去 11. 去某

5、地 12. 一玻璃杯水（牛奶） 13. 記下某人點(diǎn)的飯菜 14. 帶有蔬菜的雞肉 15. 吃午飯 16. 吃做為午飯 17. 為什么不（做某事）呢？18. 需要某事 19. 需要做某事20. 對(duì)某人很友好21. 很高興(樂(lè)意)做22. 盼望(做)某事短語(yǔ)詳解1help yourself.請(qǐng)（你）隨便.help yourself to sth. 請(qǐng)（你）隨便吃/喝 如： Help yourself to some fish. Tom. 湯姆，請(qǐng)隨意吃些魚(yú)肉。 Help yourself to some water, Tom. 湯姆，請(qǐng)隨意喝點(diǎn)水。 注意：如果對(duì)一個(gè)人說(shuō)用“help yoursel

6、f”；對(duì)多個(gè)人說(shuō)用“help yourselves”， 這是考點(diǎn) 如： Help yourself to some milk, Tom. 湯姆，請(qǐng)隨意喝些牛奶吧。 Help yourselves to some apples, kids. 孩子們，隨便吃些蘋(píng)果吧。2would like sth.想要某物 （?？s寫(xiě)為d）I would like an orange. = Id like an orange. 我想要個(gè)桔子。Tom would like a new bike.湯姆想要輛新自行車(chē)。 說(shuō)明：would like sth. = want sth. I would like an oran

7、ge. = I want an orange. 我想要個(gè)桔子。 注意：含有would的句子，改否定句在would后加not，改一般疑問(wèn)句將would提句首。如：I would like an orange.我想要個(gè)桔子。 I would not like an orange.我不想要個(gè)桔子。 Would you like an orange ? 你想要個(gè)桔子嗎？3. would like to do sth. 愿意做某事，想要做某事 如： I would like to read English with you. 我想和你一起讀英語(yǔ)。She would like to help you.她愿

8、意幫你。說(shuō)明：would like to do sth = want to do sth. I would like to read English with you. 我想和你一起讀英語(yǔ)。= I want to read English with you.4. would like sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事。Id like you to meet them.我想要你見(jiàn)他們。Id like them to help each other. 我想要他們相互幫助。5What about ？= How about ？ 怎么樣？What about () ？是一句常用的客套話,它后面

9、可接名詞、代詞賓格或動(dòng)詞-ing形式，用來(lái)詢問(wèn)與前一個(gè)事物相關(guān)的另一個(gè)事物的情況，可譯為：怎么樣？具體意思根據(jù)上下文來(lái)確定。如：Id like a cup of tea. What about you? 我想喝杯茶, 你呢? （=你想喝什么？）Im in Class Two. What about your brother ? 我在二班，你弟弟呢？（=你弟弟在幾班？）I want to talk to you. 我要和你談話. What about? 談什么?Toms father is a worker. What about your father? 湯姆的父親是個(gè)工人。你父親呢？（=你父

10、親做什么？）I want to visit Beijing. What about him ? 我想?yún)⒂^北京。他呢？（=他想?yún)⒂^哪？） What about visiting Beijing ? 參觀北京怎樣？How about()？用法與What about () ？一樣，意思也一樣。6something to eat 吃的東西；something to drink 喝的東西 something to eat 吃的東西；something to drink 喝的東西 用肯定句或表請(qǐng)求的疑問(wèn)句中。如：I would like something to eat. 我想要點(diǎn)吃的東西。Would y

11、ou like something to drink ? 你想要點(diǎn)喝的東西嗎？ (表示誠(chéng)懇請(qǐng)求) 在否定句或一般疑問(wèn)句中，應(yīng)分別用“anything to eat吃的東西；anything to drink喝的東西”代替。 I have something to drink. 我有一些喝的東西。 I dont have anything to drink. 我沒(méi)有一些喝的東西。 Do you have anything to drink ? 你有一些喝的東西嗎？7eat out下館子，到外面吃飯 They often eat out in Amerina. 在美國(guó)，他們經(jīng)常到外面吃飯。 My

12、mother is at home, but I would not eat out at all.我媽媽不在家。但是我一點(diǎn)也不愿意在外吃飯。8get sth 得到某物 He gets an yellow apple. 他得到了一個(gè)黃蘋(píng)果。 I often get some money from my mother. 我經(jīng)常比媽媽那兒得到一些錢(qián)。 注意：get + 人 叫來(lái)某人，抓到某人。 如：Please go and get him. 請(qǐng)你去把他叫來(lái)。 The police get the driver. 警察抓住了那個(gè)司機(jī)。9on Sunday 在星期天 注意：Sunday 星期天 是特

13、定的時(shí)間段，首字母需大寫(xiě)。在星期天 或星期天的上下午晚等，介詞需用on。如： We have no classes on Sundays. 星期天我們不上課。 They visit West Hill on Sunday morning. 他們星期天上午參觀了西山。 Tom often eats out on Sunday evening. 星期天晚上湯姆經(jīng)常出去吃飯。10take + 人/物to + 地點(diǎn) 把帶到去 (take 表示“從近到遠(yuǎn)”，意思是：帶走) I often take my brother to the zoo on Sundays. 星期天我經(jīng)常帶我的弟弟去動(dòng)物。 Tom

14、 wants to take his dog to school. 湯姆想把他的狗帶到學(xué)校去。 He doesnt take some money with him. 他身上沒(méi)有帶錢(qián)。11go to + 地點(diǎn)名詞 去某地 come to + 地點(diǎn)名詞 來(lái)某地 go to Beijing 去北京； go to school 上學(xué)； go to America 去美國(guó) 說(shuō)明： go 去（表示“從近到遠(yuǎn)”），反義詞是：come 來(lái)（表示“從遠(yuǎn)到近”）當(dāng)去的地方是副詞時(shí)，省去介詞to，常見(jiàn)的表地點(diǎn)的副詞有：不 go here能 come therehere 這里; there 那里; home家里 比

15、較下面表達(dá)的意思。 come to Beijing 來(lái)到北京；come here 來(lái)這兒； come home 到家來(lái) go to Beijing 去北京 go there 去那兒； go home 回到家 12a glass of 一玻璃杯 如：a glass of water一玻璃杯水 a glass of milk一玻璃杯牛奶Id like a glass of water. What about you? 我想想杯水。你呢？My grandmother drinks a glass of milk every day.我奶奶每天喝一杯牛奶。 13take sbs order 記下某人點(diǎn)

16、的飯菜 這是餐廳里服務(wù)員常問(wèn)顧客的用語(yǔ)：May I take your order ? 你要點(diǎn)菜了嗎？14chicken with vegetables 帶有蔬菜的雞肉 with vegetables 介詞短語(yǔ)作chicken的后置定語(yǔ)。又如： letters from my pen pals the teacher in red the young man in a green dress many studenst in our classa student in Grade Seven來(lái)自我筆友的信 穿紅衣服的的老師穿綠裙子的年輕男子我們班的許多學(xué)生七年級(jí)的一個(gè)學(xué)生15have lunc

17、h 吃午飯 吃一日三餐，英語(yǔ)中習(xí)慣用have, 如：have breakfast吃早飯；have supper晚飯；have dinner 吃正餐而吃具體的東西則常用eat，如： eat bread吃面包；eat bananas 吃香蕉；eat meat 肉 She has lunch at home with her mother. 她在家里和媽媽一起吃午飯。 We have supper on the farm. 我們?cè)谵r(nóng)場(chǎng)里吃晚飯。 He doesnt often have breakfast on Sunday morning. 他星期天早上通常不吃早飯。16have sth for

18、lunch 吃做為午飯 We often have bread for breakfast. 我們經(jīng)常吃面包做為早飯。 The doctor has chicken with vegetables and rice for lunch.這個(gè)醫(yī)生吃帶有蔬菜的雞肉做為午飯。 對(duì)本句中吃的內(nèi)容提問(wèn)則是：What does the doctor have for lunch? 這個(gè)醫(yī)生吃什么做為午飯。用來(lái)提出建議17Why not ？ 為什么不呢？有何不可？ Why not + 動(dòng)詞原形 ？為什么不做某事呢？ Why not go home ? 為什么不回家呢？ Why not have some r

19、ice for lunch? 為什么不吃點(diǎn)米做為午飯呢？說(shuō)明：Why not + 動(dòng)詞原形 ？是省略形式，全稱是 Why dont you + 動(dòng)詞原形？ 如： Why not go and visit that old doctor ? = Why dont you go and visit that old doctor ? 為什么不去拜訪一下那位老醫(yī)生呢？18need sth. 需要某事 We need a lot of water. 我們需要大量的水。 I need your help. 我需要你的幫助。 Tom needs a new bike.湯姆需要一輛新自行車(chē)。 We dont

20、 need chicken and vegetables.我們不需要雞肉和蔬菜。19need to do sth. 需要做某事 We need to get your help. 我們需要得到你的幫助。 Tom needs to take some money with him. 湯姆需要帶一些錢(qián)。 They dont need to think of others.他們不需要考慮別人。20be kind to sb. 對(duì)某人很友好 The teachers in our school are kind to the students.我們學(xué)校的老師們對(duì)學(xué)生很友好。 His father is

21、 kind to his grandmother. 他的父親對(duì)他的奶奶友好。 Some people are kind to their pets. but theyd not like to be kind to their parents. 有些人對(duì)他們的寵物很友好。但他們卻不愿對(duì)他們的父母友好。21be glad to do sth. 很高興(樂(lè)意)做 I am glad to meet you here. 很高興在這兒遇到你。 All of us are glad to visit Beijing. 我們所有人都樂(lè)意去參觀北京。22look forward to(doing)sth 盼

22、望(做)某事 We look forward to your visit on Sunday. 我們盼望著你星期天的來(lái)訪。 Tom looks forward to the letter from his pen pal in England.湯姆盼望著他在英格蘭筆友的來(lái)信。 We look forward to visiting Beijing on Sunday 我們盼望著星期天訪問(wèn)北京。 Tom looks forward to getting his new bike. 湯姆盼望得到他的新自行車(chē)。三、重點(diǎn)句型與語(yǔ)法1 Would you like (some) sth ? 你愿意/想要

23、些嗎？ 如：Would you like some eggs ? 你想要些雞蛋嗎？ Would you like an apple?你想要一個(gè)蘋(píng)果嗎？Would you like to do sth.? 你愿意/想要做嗎？ Would you like to go home? 你愿意回家嗎？Would you like to play with them ? 你愿意和他們一起玩嗎？肯定回答:Yes, Id like/love to. /Good idea. /OK. / All right./ Id love that./ Thanks, that would be very nice.否定回

24、答: No, thanks. / Im sorry I cant, I have to do/ Id like that, but Im sorry I have no time.Id like some milk to drink. What would you like to drink?我想要些牛奶喝。 你想要喝什么？2情態(tài)動(dòng)詞would, will, could, can, may 在英語(yǔ)中，would愿意；will 愿意，將； can 能，能夠；could能，能夠（can的過(guò)去式）； may可以，能夠；可能；祝，愿等單詞是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后跟動(dòng)詞原形，用于各個(gè)人稱數(shù)。 如：I would

25、like something to drink. 我想要些喝的東西。He can help me with my English. 他能幫助我學(xué)英語(yǔ)。You could go there with them. 你能和他們一起去那兒。I may have some chicken for supper. 我可以吃點(diǎn)雞肉做為晚飯。Tom will go there with you.湯姆愿意和你一起去那兒。 說(shuō)明：含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子，改否定句時(shí)，直接在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加not，改為一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，直接將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提句首，句末加問(wèn)號(hào)。如：I would like something to drink. 我想要

26、些喝的東西。 I wouldnt like something to drink. (would not = wouldnt) Would you like something to drink? Yes, I would. No, I wouldntHe can help me with my English. 他能幫助我學(xué)英語(yǔ)。He cant help me with my English. (can not = cant = cannot) Can he help me with my English ? Yes, he can.You could go there with them.

27、 你能和他們一起去那兒。You couldnt go there with them. (could not = couldnt ) Could you go there with them ? Yes, I can. No, I cant.I may have some chicken for supper. 我可以吃點(diǎn)雞肉做為晚飯。I may not have some chicken for supper.（may not = maynt） May I have some chicken for supper ? Yes, you may. No, you mustnt.Tom will

28、 go there with you. 湯姆愿意和你一起去那兒。 Tom wont go there with you.（will not = mont） Will Tom go there with you? Yes, he will. No, he wont. 四、牢記下列句子1）有用的就餐用語(yǔ)1. Would you like something to drink ? Yes, a glass of apple juice , please. / No, thanks .2. What would you like to drink（have / eat）? I would like a

29、n egg and some fish. Let me see. Apple juice, please. 3. Would you like to have dinner with me? Yes, Id love to. / Yes, Id like to. Im sorry. I have to4. What do you usually have for breakfast? I usually have milk and bread for breakfast. 5. Help yourself Help yourself to some milk, Tom. Help yourse

30、lves to some fish, kids. 6. May I take your order ? 7. May I help you? 8. Can I help you? 9. What about some rice with vegetables ? 10. Why not have some fish and eggs ? Good idea.11. Milk for me, please. Me, too. 1. 想不想喝些東西？好的，請(qǐng)來(lái)一杯蘋(píng)果汁。不，謝謝。2. 你想喝（吃）些什么？我想要來(lái)個(gè)雞蛋和一些魚(yú)肉。我想想看。蘋(píng)果汁吧。3. 想和我共進(jìn)晚餐嗎？是的，非常樂(lè)意。對(duì)不起

31、，恐怕我得4. 你通常早餐吃什么？我晚飯通常是牛奶和面包。5. 請(qǐng)隨意。湯姆，請(qǐng)隨便喝些牛奶吧。（看Tom;kids的單復(fù)數(shù)）孩子們，請(qǐng)隨意吃點(diǎn)魚(yú)肉吧。6. 請(qǐng)問(wèn)你要點(diǎn)菜嗎？7. 需要幫助嗎？我能為你做點(diǎn)什么？8. 需要幫助嗎？我能為你做點(diǎn)什么？9. 來(lái)點(diǎn)米飯和蔬菜怎么樣？10. 為什么不吃些魚(yú)肉和雞蛋呢？好主意。11. 我要牛奶。我也是。2) 其它金句1. They are all kind to me.2. Im very glad to be here. 他們都對(duì)我很友好。我很樂(lè)意在這兒。3) 神奇的 And +名詞 ? 呢？ 看下面的對(duì)話 AA：What about lunch?B：I

32、 usually have chicken and rice.A：And dinner ?B：Id like Jiaozi.BA：What does your mother do?B：She is a nurse.A：And your father ?B：He is a doctor.CA：How are you?B：Fine, thank you. And you?A：Im fine, too.可以看出，在前面已問(wèn)了問(wèn)題的情況下，接著問(wèn)別的問(wèn)題，可以用And + 名詞(代詞) ? 以避免重復(fù)。這個(gè)用法與What about？或 How about？相似。具體意思要根據(jù)上下文來(lái)確定。又如： ？I often go the zoo on Sundays. And you? ？ 星期天我常去動(dòng)物園。你呢？4)動(dòng)詞ing形式。簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)為“v-ing”形式一個(gè)英語(yǔ)句子，只能有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，