1、高等教育自學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)（二）精講班主講老師：唐軍Unit 10Ode to Public TransportText Life AThe Importance ofPublic Transportation1proclaim v宣布；宣告；聲明Britain proudly proclaims that it is a nation of animallovers英國(guó)驕傲地聲稱(chēng)自己是一個(gè)熱愛(ài)動(dòng)物的國(guó)家。I began to proclaim my support publicly我正式對(duì)外宣布了我的支持?！窘x詞辨析】proclaim，declare，pronounce，advertise，pu

2、blish，broadcast這些動(dòng)詞均含“宣布，公開(kāi)”之意。Text Life AThe Importance ofPublic Transportationproclaim指官方宣布重大或施政。declare側(cè)重正式就某事清楚、明白地宣布。pronounce面的宣布。advertise詞義與declare接近，但較多指法律方指通過(guò)文字和圖像資料等的反復(fù)宣傳而引起公眾的注意，有時(shí)隱含令人不快或言過(guò)其實(shí)的意味。publish專(zhuān)指通過(guò)報(bào)刊或其他媒介向公眾公布事情。broadcast專(zhuān)指利用廣播或電視傳播消息或發(fā)表見(jiàn)解?！境Ｓ么钆洹緿roclaim sth宣告某事proclaim that聲稱(chēng)Te

3、xt Life AThe Importance ofPublic Transportation2necessity n必需品；必需的事物Water is a basic necessity of life生命離不開(kāi)水。The disaster area is short of daily necessity，suchas food and clean water災(zāi)區(qū)缺乏生活必需品，比如食物和干凈的水?！窘x詞辨析】necessity，need這兩個(gè)名詞均含“需要”之意。necessity強(qiáng)調(diào)必要性和迫切需要。need必須；需要（不一定是必需品）。Text Life AThe Importanc

4、e ofPublic TransportationA US Congressman once proclaimed that“There can be no doubt that the transportation sector is the most critical sector of our economy I know exactly whathe meansIn this day and age，access totransportation is considered a necessity長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text Life AThe Importance of

5、Public Transportation3arrangement n安排；籌備This arrangement is quite satisfactory這樣的安排很讓人滿(mǎn)意。He is busy making arrangement for the party 他正忙于為聚會(huì)做安排。【常用搭配】make arrangement for為做安排，為做準(zhǔn)備Text Life AThe Importance ofPublic TransportationPublic transportation is defined as a service that isavailable for use b

6、y the general publicIt is acheaper and environmentally friendly alternativeItis not a transportation service that you can arrangeprivately to suit your own personal convenience（although you may, to a certain extent, such aspaying for a cabin or suite on a train or ship）since you have to consider oth

7、er passengers who areriding and making similar arrangements with you.Text Life AThe Importance ofPublic Transportation4territory n；版圖；領(lǐng)地The territory was carved up by theoccupying powers被侵占者。The government denies that any of itsterritory is under rebel control政府否認(rèn)有被分子所控制。長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text Life A

8、The Importance ofPublic Transportation5groceries n食品雜貨She ordered her groceries by phoneand never left the house她用電話訂購(gòu)食品，一步也沒(méi)離開(kāi)那座房子。She bought a box of groceries 她買(mǎi)了一箱食品雜貨。長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text Life AThe Importance ofPublic Transportation6expense n費(fèi)用；價(jià)錢(qián)The document was printed at the taxpayers expen

9、se文件的印刷費(fèi)用由納稅人承擔(dān)。We cant pursue profit at the expense of theenvironment我們不能以環(huán)境為代價(jià)來(lái)追求利潤(rùn)。【近義詞辨析】charge，price，fee，fare，cost，expense 這些名詞均有“價(jià)格，費(fèi)用”之意。charge指提供服務(wù)時(shí)索取的費(fèi)用，也指貨物的價(jià)格、價(jià)錢(qián)。Text Life AThe Importance ofPublic Transportationprice指商品在市場(chǎng)出售的價(jià)格，尤指賣(mài)方對(duì)商品所提出的單價(jià)。比喻意義指付出的代價(jià)。fee指上學(xué)、求醫(yī)以及找律師等付的費(fèi)用，還可指會(huì)費(fèi)、借書(shū)費(fèi)等。fare側(cè)

10、重指旅行時(shí)所付的車(chē)、船費(fèi)等費(fèi)用。cost指生產(chǎn)某東西的成本，也泛指商品的價(jià)格，可與price換用。expense常指實(shí)際支付的費(fèi)用總數(shù)額，有時(shí)也指錢(qián)的花費(fèi)。Text Life AThe Importance ofPublic Transportation【常用搭配】at someoneS expense由某人付費(fèi)； 由某人承擔(dān)費(fèi)用extra expense額外費(fèi)用at the expense of以為代價(jià)；忽視fixed expense固定費(fèi)用長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text Life AThe Importance ofPublic Transportation1bask in曬太

11、陽(yáng)；取暖Turtles like to bask in the sun海龜喜歡曝露于陽(yáng)光中。長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有I have experienced first-hand how important public transportation isI live in Saipan，a US territory and the closest things wehave to public transportation are tourist and school buses You have to have your own car or bike，rent a car,or p

12、ay up front for a taxi to go from point A to point BOtherwiseyou end up basked in sweat and sunburn traveling to workevery dayWhen I first came here，1 walked1 walked going to and from work1 walked to the store and lugged my heavy groceries back to the house1 walked to church and I barely got to go t

13、o places farther than a twentymile radius from my house since I did not own a car then，and I considered renting a car and riding a taxi such an expensefor a starting single mother like l was at that timeText Life AThe Importance ofPublic Transportation2save up攢錢(qián)；儲(chǔ)存錢(qián)Youd better save up some money for

14、your old age你最好積蓄些錢(qián)以防老。Ill have to get something else and saveup我得找些別的事情做，攢起錢(qián)來(lái)。You should save up and get a house你應(yīng)該把錢(qián)攢起來(lái)買(mǎi)所房子。Text Life AThe Importance ofPublic Transportation7household n一家人；家庭Many poor households are experiencing real hardship很多貧窮家庭正經(jīng)歷嚴(yán)重的困難I grew up as part of a large household我生長(zhǎng)在

15、一個(gè)大家庭。長(zhǎng)沙二三三網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技有限公司版權(quán)所有Text Life AThe Importance ofPublic Transportation8annually adv一年一次地Companies report to their shareholders annually各公司每年向其股東匯報(bào)一次。In its annual report，UNICEF says at least40 000 children die every day在其年度報(bào)告中，兒童稱(chēng)每天至少有4萬(wàn)名兒童死亡。Text Life AThe Importance ofPublic Transportation9commu

16、te n上下班路程The average Los Angeles commute is over 60 milesa day洛杉磯的平均上下班路程為每天60多英里。It，s a long commute from New York to Boston從紐約通勤到波士頓路程很長(zhǎng)。【常用搭配】commute to到某地去commute from離開(kāi)某地commute between A and B往返于A、B兩地Text Life AThe Importance ofPublic TransportationFor me，public transportation is very importan

17、t because of the following reasons：1It saves moneyAccording to research done by the American Public Transportation Association，individuals can save up to$9， 515 annually by parking their cars at home and using public transportation insteadIn this economy，saving money has become a main concern in mos

18、t householdsWith the rising prices of fuel and other vehiclerelated expenses，doing thepublic commute to work and school certainly saves moneyText Life AThe Importance ofPublic Transportation10switch v（使）改變，轉(zhuǎn)變The law would encourage companies toswitch from coal to cleaner fuels該法律將鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)而使用比煤更加清潔的能源。M

19、v mothers interest had switched to my health母親轉(zhuǎn)而關(guān)注起我的健康來(lái)?！境Ｓ么钆洹縮witch to轉(zhuǎn)換到switch fromto從變換轉(zhuǎn)移到Text Life AThe Importance ofPublic Transportation11transport n交通車(chē)輛；運(yùn)輸工具；旅行方式Have you got your own transport? 你有自己的交通工具嗎?TransDort has always been the key todeveloping trade運(yùn)輸一直是發(fā)展貿(mào)易的關(guān)鍵。Text Life AThe Importance ofPublic Transportation12majority n大部分；大多數(shù)The majority of my patients are from other towns大多數(shù)來(lái)找我看病的患者都來(lái)自其他城鎮(zhèn)。But the un