安徽、江西、上海、陜西、河南2015安徽中考ASitienei，a 90-year-old Kenyan grandmother, has become the worlds oldest primary school student. She is studying at the local primary school to learn to read and write. She is from a small 46 in Kenyan. She has spent most of her life 47 as a midwife(接生婆)，helping women to give birth to babies. She wants to pass on her midwife skills to the young. She said she didnt have a chance to go to school when she was 48 . So she wants all the children in her village to 49 .The head teacher at the school said, “Im proud 50 her. She is loved by every pupil. They all want to learn and play with 51 .” He also said, “She is doing well considering her 52 . I can say I have seen a big difference in this school 53 she came.”Sitienei often said, “I want to tell children， 54 girls in poor areas，that 55 will be your health.” She added, “With education, you can be whatever you want to be一a doctor, a teacher, a scientist and so on.”46. A. schoolB. villageC. townD. city47. A. reading B. writingC. playingD. working48. A. youngB. oldC. famousD. free49. A. studyB. workC. leaveD. listen50. A. forB. withC. ofD. in51. A. herB. meC. himD. you52. A. chanceB. ageC. skillsD. ways53. A. afterB. whenC. sinceD. before54. A. naturallyB. especiallyC. luckilyD. certainly55. A. friendshipB. futureC. competitionD. educationA【主旨大意】這是一篇記敘文。文章描述了一位90歲的老人上小學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的故事。文章告訴我們，學(xué)無止境，活到老，學(xué)到老，只要你接受教育，你就能成為你想成為的任何人。46. B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。school學(xué)校；village農(nóng)村；town城鎮(zhèn)；city城市。根據(jù)下文in her village可推知，Sitienei來自Kenyan的一個小農(nóng)村。故選B。47. D【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。reading讀書；writing寫；playing玩耍；working工作。根據(jù)句中as a midwife推知，她花費了大部分時間以接生婆的身份來工作的。故選D。52. B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。chance機會；age年齡；skills技術(shù)；ways方法。由上文“一位90歲的老奶奶與小學(xué)生一起學(xué)習(xí)，一起玩耍”及下文“在學(xué)校產(chǎn)生很大的影響”：知，鑒于她的年齡，她在學(xué)校做得很好。故選B。53. C【解析】考查從屬連詞詞義辨析。after在之后；when當(dāng)時候；since自從；before在之前。從I have seen a big difference in this school為現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)知，后一分句應(yīng)由since來引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。句意：自從她來后，我可以說，我已經(jīng)看到在這個學(xué)校有很多不同。故選C。54. B【解析】 考查副詞詞義的辨析。naturally 自然地；especially尤其；luckily幸運地；certainly一定。根據(jù)選項揣測句意：我想告訴孩子們，尤其是貧困地區(qū)的女孩。這里強調(diào)了“貧困地區(qū)的女孩”。故選B。55. D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。friendship友誼；future未來；competition競爭；education教育。根據(jù)下句“有了教育，你就能成為你想成為的人”知，這里Sitienei說的是“教育將是你的財富”。故選D。2015安徽中考BThe plane took off. A passenger needed a cup of water to take his medicine. An air hostess(空姐) told him that she would bring him the 56 . But the air hostess was 57 busy that she forgot to bring him the water. 58 , the passenger couldnt take him medicine on time. About half an hour later, she hurried over to him with a cup of water, but he 59 it.In the following hours, each time she 60 the passenger, she would ask him with a smile whether he needed help or not. But the passenger 61 paid notice to her.When it was time to get off the 62 , the passenger asked her to hand him the passengers booklet(留言簿). She was very 63 . She thought that he would 64 bad words in it, but with a smile she handed it to him.Off the plane, she opened the booklet and then 65 . The passenger put it, In the past few hours, you have asked me whether I needed help or not for twelve times in all. How can I refuse your twelve faithful(真誠的 )smiles?”56. A. medicine B. water C. cup D. coffee57. A. very B. too C. quite D. so58. A. With her help B. As a result C. On the one hand D. To tell the truth59. A. drank B. accepted C. refusedD. received60. A. looked atB. listened toC. talked aboutD. passed by61. A. usuallyB. neverC. sometimesD. often62. A. planeB. trainC. shipD. bus63. A. interestedB. happyC. excitedD. sad64. A. break down B. get downC. write downD. go down64. A. smiledB. criedC. wonderedD. worriedB【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。在一個航班上，一位空姐因為太忙而忘了替一位乘客拿水。于是，空姐感覺非常過意不去，每次經(jīng)過這位乘客時都報以微笑，結(jié)果在飛機留言本上，這位乘客寫下了對空姐的真誠表達(dá)敬佩的留言。56. B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。medicine藥；water水；cup杯子；coffee咖啡。根據(jù)上句“一位乘客需要一杯水去服藥”及下句“空姐忘記帶水給他”知，本空指的是“水”。句意：那空姐告訴他，她將會很快就帶水給他。故選B。 57. D【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。very很；too太；quite相當(dāng)?shù)?；so如此。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)知，本句中含有so.that句型，意為“如此以致”。句意：但是空姐是如此的繁忙以致她忘記帶水給他。故選D。58. B【解析】考查短語辨析。With the help憑借著幫助；As a result結(jié)果；On the one hand 一方面；To tell the truth說真話。從上句“空姐繁忙忘記帶水”及下句“這位乘客不能服藥”可知，“沒帶水”造成的結(jié)果“不能吞藥”。故選B。59. C【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。drank 喝；accepted接受；refused拒接；received接收。前一分句句意：她匆忙地拿一杯水來到他傍邊。由轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but知，這位乘客拒絕了這杯水。故選C。60. D【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。look at看；listen to聽；talked about談?wù)摚籶ass by經(jīng)過。根據(jù)選項理解句意：在接下來的幾個小時里。每次她經(jīng)過這位乘客，她都會微笑的詢問他是否需要幫助。故選D。61. B【解析】考查頻度副詞詞義辨析。usually通常；never從不；sometimes有時候；often經(jīng)常。聯(lián)系上句理解：每次她經(jīng)過這位乘客，她都會微笑的詢問他是否需要幫助，但這位乘客無視這位空姐。故選B。62. A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。plane飛機；train火車；ship輪船；bus汽車。上文談?wù)摿嗽陲w機上所發(fā)生的事。由此可知，本空應(yīng)指“飛機”。句意：該到下飛機的時間了，這位乘客叫她將留言本提給他。故選A。63. D【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。interested感興趣的；happy開心的；excited興奮的；sad難過的。根據(jù)下句中bad words in it可推知，這位空姐當(dāng)時應(yīng)該你很難過。故選D。64. C【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。break down打破；get down拿來；write down寫下；go down下來。根據(jù)下文描述乘客在留言本中所寫的話可推知，這里應(yīng)是這位乘客所寫下的話。句意：她想到他將會在里面寫下壞話，但是她微笑地將留言本遞給了這位乘客。故選C。65. A【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。smiled微笑；cried哭；wondered想知道；worried擔(dān)心。 根據(jù)下句乘客的留言“在過去的幾個小時里，你一共12次微笑地問我是否需要幫助。我怎你拒絕你真誠的微笑呢?”知，這位空姐看到這些留言應(yīng)是在“微笑”。句意：下飛機后，她打開留言本，然后微笑了。故選A。2015江西中考Most of us have three meals a day. We take food for granted(想當(dāng)然). And we dont think about it. 36 experts argue a food crisis (危機) is coming. This crisis is going to make us 37 the way we think about food.Food is in great need 38 a growing of world population. By 1960, the population was three billion. It doubled to six billion by 1999. By 2050, this planet will need to 39 at least nine billion people. As a result, the food prices get higher and higher.So, what can a 40 , crowded world do? One suggestion is to eat 41 meat. Meat uses more natural resources (資源) than grains (谷物). It requires more 42 to produce one pound of meat than to produce one pound of grain. It also require between 5 and 10 times more 43 than vegetables. So, eating less meat will 44 more land for farming, and it will save water.To eat less meat, people will need to change their eating habits. That will not be 45 . Americans, for example, have 46 loved meat. In general, they eat twice as much meat as people in other countries. At the same time, in developing countries like China and Brazil, sales of meat have doubled in the last 20 years. 47 will double again by 2050. Growing need of meat will 48 to put pressure on natural resources. World population is increasing, resources are becoming fewer, and food prices are rising. Therefore, we need to rethink 49 we eat every day. For meat lovers, we dont need to give up meat 50 . But we need to eat more grains and less meat!36. A. And B. But C. Or D. Until37. A. change B. find C. get D. tell38. A. instead ofB. thanks to C. because of D. as for39. A. help B. have C. feed D. meet40. A. busy B. tired C. thirsty D. hungry41. A. less B. more C. much D. little42. A. time B. land C. people D. place43. A. air B. meat C. money D. water44. A. provide B. produce C. waste D. need45. A. important B. hard C. easy D. necessary46. A. never B. seldom C. hardly D. always47. A. It B. They C. We D. That48. A. continue B. stop C. have D. start49. A. how B. when C. what D. where50. A. quickly B. completely C. finally D. especially【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了食物危機的到來，人口增長，物價上升，更少吃肉可以為農(nóng)事提供更多的土地及節(jié)約水，達(dá)到減少對自然資源的壓力。對于肉類愛好者，提倡吃更多的谷物更少吃肉。36.B【解析】考查連詞辨析。and和；but但是；or否則；until直到。根據(jù)句意“_專家提出食物危機來了”，結(jié)合前兩句“我們想當(dāng)然吃食物，我們沒有考慮食物”，形成轉(zhuǎn)折。故選B。37.A【解析】考查動詞辨析。change變化；find找到；get得到；tell告訴。根據(jù)句意“這種危機將讓我們_我們考慮食物的方式”可推測出是改變。故選A。38.C【解析】考查介詞短語辨析。instead of代替；thanks to由于；because of因為；as for至于。根據(jù)句意“食物是急需的_世界人口的增長”可知是因為。故選C。39.C【解析】考查動詞辨析。help幫助；have有；feed喂養(yǎng)；meet見面。根據(jù)句意“到2050年，地球?qū)⑿枰猒至少90億人”，結(jié)合上文的食物，可知是食物喂養(yǎng)。故選C。40.D【解析】考查形容詞辨析。busy忙的；tired累的；thirsty渴的；hungry餓的。根據(jù)句意“一個_擁擠的世界可以做什么”，結(jié)合下一句的肉以及上文的食物，可知與溫飽有關(guān)。故選D。41.A【解析】考查等級辨析。less較少的；more更多的；much多的；little少的。根據(jù)下一句“肉用了更多的自然資源比谷物”以及下文的“eating less meat will”可知此處是更少吃肉。故選A。42.B【解析】考查名詞辨析。time時間；land土地；people人們；place地方。根據(jù)句意“它要求更多的_來生產(chǎn)一磅肉比生產(chǎn)一磅谷物”，以及下文的“more land for farming”可知要更多的土地。故選B。43.D【解析】考查名詞辨析。air空氣；meat肉；money錢；water水。根據(jù)句意 “肉也需要5到10倍的更多的_比蔬菜”可推測出是水。故選D。44.A【解析】考查動詞辨析。provide提供；produce生產(chǎn)；waste浪費；need需要。根據(jù)句意“吃更少的肉將_更多的土地為農(nóng)事”，providefor為提供。故選A。48.A【解析】考查動詞辨析。continue繼續(xù)；stop停止；have有；start開始。根據(jù)句意“肉需的發(fā)展將_把壓力放在自然資源上”可知是繼續(xù)加壓力。故選A。49.C【解析】考查賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞辨析。how如何；when何時；what什么；where哪里。根據(jù)句意“我們需要重新考慮我們每天吃的_”可知是吃的物品。故選C。50.B【解析】考查副詞辨析。quickly迅速地；completely完全地；finally最終地；especially尤其地。根據(jù)句意“對于肉類愛好者，我們不需要_放棄肉”，結(jié)合后一句“多吃谷物少吃肉”可知不需完全放棄。故選B。2015上海中考Road signs for your futureSometimes, the choices you have made prove to be wrong. Dont worry its not the end of the world! In traffic, what you do in this situation is just turn around and find a 75 way. Thats exactly what you should also do in real life. In your life you will find many dead ends but you will always find your way out of them.Life is not always a walk in the park. There will be uphill as well as downhill, bumps(凸塊) and smooth rides. If you are not careful, a bump can make you 76 . However, riding your along just straight roads with no bumps can become 77 . So, a bump can be a nice experience as well.Right or left? In your life there will be times when you have to make a 79 . You may want to focus on your studies, so you choose to stop a hobby that youve had for years. 80 ! Before putting away the guitar or stopping your dance lessons, you should think how you could divide your time between studying and hobbies. Basically, its just a question of how to manage your time.Whatever you do in life, remember to take it easy. You dont have to run everywhere. Sometimes running makes life less enjoyable. Its often better to think before taking action. So, think first and then act! Theres really no rush! You dont have to experience everything before youre 20!75. A) better B) shorter C) faster D) wider76. A) growB) cryC) change D) fall 77. A) helpfulB) boringC) luckyD) dangerous 79. A) livingB) decisionC) mistakeD) wish80. A) Drive carefully B) Act immediately C) Think againD) Speak aloud【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文，文章從天無絕人之路，人生的坎坷、人生的抉擇、三思而后行四個部分分別闡述了人生的哲學(xué)。75.A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在交通上，這種情況下你做的事會反轉(zhuǎn)，找到一個_的方法。A：更好；B：更短或更矮；C：更快；D：更寬。從第一句話上，可以看出，你做的選擇證明是錯的，與之對應(yīng)，此處會找到一個更好的方法，故選A。76.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：如果你不小心，凸塊會使你_。A：成長、生長； B：大哭； C：改變；D：跌倒。根據(jù)生活常識和對文章的理解，凸塊會使人跌倒，也說明了人生的道路上有很多坎坷。故選D。77.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：沿著沒有坎坷筆直的道路的人生會變得_。A：有幫助的； B：厭煩的、無聊的； C：幸運的；D：危險的。從本段最后一句話：So, a bump can be a nice experience as well.（所以凸塊也可能是一個很好的經(jīng)歷），前后是并列的關(guān)系，應(yīng)該選B。78.D【解析】文章主旨題。本題主要是考查對第三段的總體了解，A：禁止停車； B：安全出口； C：禁止入內(nèi)；D：靠右。從本段的開始Right or left?，左還是右？很顯然選D。79.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在你的一生中，將會有必須做出_的時候。A：make a living 謀生； B：make a decision做決定； C：make a mistake犯錯；D：make a wish許愿，從后面的句子so you choose to stop a hobby ，可以看出此處應(yīng)該是做決定。故選B。80.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：A：小心駕駛； B：立即行動； C：再三考慮；D：大聲講話。后面的句子意：在你放棄吉它和舞蹈課之前，你應(yīng)該考慮在你的學(xué)習(xí)和你的嗜好怎樣駕馭你的時間。故選C。2015陜西中考I was once a fat girl. I weighed 336 pounds and looked as big as my fridge. I was never 31 it. But one day I had a medical examination(體檢). The 32 told me that I was having heart trouble. It 33 me up. I began to feel nervous. Then I decided to do something!In a year and five months, I 34 104 pounds. What a great thing I did! I didnt have any expensive food, medical treatment(治療)or camp-style(訓(xùn)練營式的)exercise. What was the secret to my 35 ?First I looked through the Internet for do-it-yourself 36 that people could follow on losing weight. Of course I saw countless ads which try to get me to buy their products. But I bought nothing. The only thing I did was to change my bad 37 . The following are what I have done. You can try these. Stop drinking something with too much sugar in it. 38 sweet cakes. Eat green vegetables. Use only vegetable oil. Never eat after 6:30 pm. Also, do light exercise for 15 to 20 minutes five days a week. Then I kept doing what I should do. People sometimes say, “You dont need to tell me 39 to do. I know it already! ” But the fact is that knowing what to do and doing what you know are totally 40 . The important thing is to know what to do and then just keep doing it. 31. A. excited aboutB. worried aboutC. proud of D. happy with32. A. doctor B. friend C. mother D. teacher33. A. gave B. cheered C. dressed D. woke34. A. borrowed B. lent C. lost D. got35. A. happiness B. success C. kindness D. richness36. A. advice B. news C. food D. medicine37. A. grades B. look C. wish D. habits38. A. Accept B. Bring C. Refuse D. Make39. A. how B. what C. why D. whether40. A. easy B. difficult C. similar D. different【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。作者介紹了自己成功減肥的故事，自己沒有吃特別的食物，接受特別的治療或接受高強度的訓(xùn)練，而是從改變壞習(xí)慣做起，不吃太多加糖的食品，而吃綠色蔬菜，并且吃蔬菜油，晚上6：30以后不吃食物，并且每個星期有五天都進行1520分鐘的鍛煉。 如何你想減肥，試試這種方法吧。31. B【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。be excited about對感到興奮；be worried about擔(dān)心；be proud of以而自豪；be happy with對感到滿足。由上文可知，雖然從前很胖，但是從不感到擔(dān)心。32. A【解析】考查名詞辨析。由上文句意“但是有一天我進行了體檢”可知，下面是醫(yī)生告訴我心臟不好。故選A。33. D【解析】考查動詞辨析。give給；cheer使振奮；dress穿；wake醒。由上文可知，是醫(yī)生的話“喚醒”了我。故選D。wake up“喚醒，叫醒”。34. C【解析】考查動詞辨析。由下文句意“我做了多么大的一件事”可知，作者減肥減掉了104磅。故選C。35. B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。happiness幸福；success成功；kindness善行；richness豐富；由上文句意“我沒有吃昂貴的食物，醫(yī)學(xué)治療和參加訓(xùn)練營式的鍛煉”可推測下文句意“我成功的秘訣是什么？”故選B。36. A【解析】考查名詞辨析。advice建議；news新聞；food食物；medicine。該句中含有一個定語從句，空格處缺少的是先行詞，意為“人們能采納的_”，可推測是“建議”，follow advice意為“采納建議”。37. D【解析】考查名詞辨析。grades成績；look相貌；wish希望；habit習(xí)慣。由下文可知，我唯一做的事情是改變我的壞習(xí)慣。38. C【解析】考查動詞辨析。accept接受；bring帶來；refuse拒絕；make做。由上文句意“不喝加太多糖的東西”可推測下文句意為“拒絕（吃）加糖的蛋糕”。39. B【解析】考查疑問詞辨析。how怎樣；what什么；why為什么；whether是否。由句意可知，你沒用必要告訴我要做什么。40. D【解析】考查形容詞辨析。easy容易的；difficult困難的；similar相似的；different不同的。由句意“但是事實是知道做什么和正在做什么是完全_”可知選D。2015河南中考 I was flying to New York at night. Suddenly, a storm broke and the plane began to be tossed (顛簸) around. When I looked 36 the plane, I could see that nearly all the passengers were worried and afraid. The future seemed terrible and many were 37 if they would make it through the storm. Then, I 38 saw a little girl. It seemed that the storm meant 39 to her. She sat on her seat reading a book. Sometimes she closed her eyes, then she would read again, with no 40 or fear in her eyes. When the other passengers were scared驚恐的) half to death, that child was completely calm and 41 . I couldnt believe my eyes. When the plane finally reached New York, I was not surprise