已閱讀5頁,還剩2頁未讀, 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀
版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)
文檔簡介
南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)JSOUTHMEDUNIV5732007275FROMMERIDIANSANDACUPOINTSTOSELFSUPERVISIONANDCONTROLSYSTEMAHYPOTHESISOFTHE10THFUNCTIONALSYSTEMBASEDONANATOMICALSTUDIESOFDIGITIZEDVIRTUALHUMANWANGJUN1,DONGWEIREN2,WANGCHUNLEI1,YAODAWEI3,ZHAOBINGLEI2,SHENBAOLIN1,YANGLINLIN1,YUANLIN11DEPARTMENTOFANATOMY,2DEPARTMENTOFEMBRYOLOGYANDHISTOLOGY,SOUTHERNMEDICALUNIVERSITY,GUANGZHOU510515,CHINA3DEPARTMENTOFANATOMY,CHINESEUNIVERSITYOFHONGKONG,HONGKONGABSTRACTCHINESEACUPUNCTUREANDMOXIBUSTIONHASBEENWIDELYACCEPTEDASAUSEFULTHERAPEUTICSALLOVERTHEWORLD,BUTITSMECHANISMHASNOTBEENFULLYDEFINEDFORTHISPURPOSE,ARETICULARFRAMEWORKOFWHOLEBODYFASCIAANDCONNECTIVETISSUESHASBEENESTABLISHEDBYMEANSOFDIGITIZEDVIRTUALHUMANTECHNIQUETHEVIRTUALACUPOINTSREPRESENTEDTHREEDIMENSIONALLYWERECOMPAREDWITHTHESITESFORSTIMULATIONINPRACTICEOFTRADITIONALCHINESEMEDICINETCMACUPUNCTURETHERAPYTHERESULTSSHOWEDTHATTHEFASCIALNETWORKCONSTITUTEDBYTHECONNECTIVETISSUESMAYBETHEANATOMICALBASISFORACUPUNCTURETHERAPYWEFOUNDTHATTHEACUPOINTSWEREMAINLYLOCATEDWHERETHICKCONNECTIVETISSUESWEREPRESENTINTHISFASCIALNETWORK,SENSITIVENERVEENDINGS,ACTIVECELLSANDLYMPHATICVESSELSABOUNDEDINTHESITESWITHTHICKCONNECTIVETISSUE,ANDNEEDLINGATTHESESITESINDUCEDDEFINITEBIOLOGICALEFFECTSINLIGHTOFBIOLOGICALPHYLOGENYANDEMBRYODEVELOPMENT,WEBELIEVETHATTHECONNECTIVETISSUENETWORKMAYCONSTITUTEANEWFUNCTIONALSYSTEMINTHEHUMANBODY,THESELFSUPERVISIONANDCONTROLSYSTEMFASCIOLOGY,WHICHPROVIDESATHEORETICALBASEFORACUPUNCTURETHERAPYKEYWORDSDIGITIZEDVIRTUALHUMAN/ANATOMYCONNECTIVETISSUESELFSUPERVISIONANDCONTROLSYSTEMFASCIOLOGY/MECHANISMTHEMERIDIANSANDACUPOINTSARETHEFUNDAMENTALCONCEPTSINACUPUNCTURETHERAPYINTRADITIONALCHINESEMEDICINETCM,ANDHAVEBEENSTUDIEDWIDELYFORSEVERALDECADES13THESEACUPOINTSARELINKEDTOGETHERINANETWORKOF“MERIDIANS”RUNNINGLONGITUDINALLYALONGTHEBODYCHENG4FOUNDTHATDISRUPTIONOFTHEMERIDIANCHANNELNETWORKWASASSOCIATEDWITHDISEASECONDITIONS,ANDNEEDLINGATTHEACUPUNCTUREPOINTSMAYINSOMEWAYMODULATETHEFUNCTIONALSTATEOFTHISSYSTEMATTACHMENTS79ANDVARIOUSTYPESOFSENSORYNERVEENDINGS10HAVEBEENDESCRIBEDATTHEACUPUNCTUREPOINTSATTEMPTSWEREALSOMADETOIDENTIFYTHEPHYSIOLOGICALDIFFERENCESSUCHASSKINCONDUCTANCE,PRESSURE,MOISTUREANDSKINABRASIONBETWEENTHEACUPOINTSANDTHESURROUNDINGTISSUES11,BUTTHESEEFFORTSSELDOMYIELDSOLIDCONCLUSIONSWITHREGARDTOTHEANATOMICALAND/ORPHYSIOLOGICALCHARACTERISTICSOFTHEACUPUNCTUREPOINTSINFACT,ANCIENTDOCUMENTSOFACUPUNCTUREHAVEALREADYMADESEVERALREFERENCESTO“FAT,GREASYMEMBRANES,FASCIAEANDSYSTEMSOFCONNECTINGMEMBRANES”12,WHICHECHOEDTHESUGGESTIONBYAFEWSCHOLARSINRECENTYEARSTHATAPROBABLECORRESPONDENCEMIGHTEXISTBETWEENTHEHOWEVER,THEACUPUNCTUREMERIDIANSANDACUPOINTSHAVENOTBEENSHOWNTOHAVEPHYSIOLOGICALEQUIVALENTSINCURRENTUNDERSTANDINGOFMODERNMEDICALSCIENCE5UNIQUETERMS,SUCHASINTERCELLULARCOMMUNICATION,CELLMOVEMENTANDMIGRATION,ANDENERGYTRANSFORMATIONANDEXCHANGE,ANDSOON,AREUSEDINTHEACUPUNCTUREDOCUMENTATIONSTODESCRIBESUCHDYNAMICPROCESSESINTHEMEANTIME,SEVERALRESEARCHERSHAVEFOUNDDISTINCTHISTOLOGICALFEATURESTHATMIGHTDIFFERENTIATETHEACUPUNCTUREPOINTSFROMTHEIRSURROUNDINGTISSUES,ANDSUCHSTRUCTURESASTHENEUROVASCULARBUNDLES6,NEUROMUSCULARACUPUNCTUREMERIDIANSANDCONNECTIVETISSUES13TOSUPPORTTHISHYPOTHESIS,HELENEETALPROVIDEDEXPERIMENTALEVIDENCEBYCHARACTERIZINGACONNECTIVETISSUERESPONSETOACUPUNCTURENEEDLINGTHATWASQUANTITATIVELYDIFFERENTATTHEACUPUNCTUREPOINTSFROMTHATATTHECONTROLPOINTSTHISMIGHTGIVEIMPORTANTCLUESTOTHENATUREOFTHEACUPUNCTUREPOINTSANDMERIDIANS14HOWEVER,IFTHECONNECTIVETISSUESAREINDEEDTHEVERYANATOMICALBASISOFMERIDIANSANDACUPOINTS,WHATISTHENTHEPHYSIOLOGICALBASISOFTHEM,ANDWHATFUNCTIONWILLCONNECTIVETISSUESPLAYINTHEACUPUNCTURETHERAPYCANWEUSEDIGITALTECHNOLOGYTORECONSTRUCTTHERECEIVED20061220SUPPORTEDBYHITECHDEVELOPMENTPROGRAMOFCHINA2001AA231031,2002AA231021ANDKEYSCITECHRESEARCHPROJECTOFGUANGDONGPROVINCE2002B30611WANGJUN1970,PHD,SPECIALIZEDINDIGITALANATOMYRESEARCH,TEL02062842308,EMAILWHMZYQFIMMUCOMCORRESPONDINGAUTHORYUANLIN,TEL02061648637,FAX“CONNECTIVELINESANDPOINTS”,WHICHAREIDENTICALTOTHETHESEQUESTIONS,WECONSTRUCTEDAVIRTUALMODELOFTHEHUMANCONNECTIVETISSUENETWORKBYEXPLOITINGTHEPREVIOUSLYESTABLISHEDDIGITIZEDVIRTUALCHINESEMALERECONSTRUCTIONOFTHECONNECTIVETISSUENETWORKMODELTHEIMAGESOFTHECONNECTIVETISSUESFROMTHEDIGITIZEDVIRTUALCHINESEMALEDATASETWERESEPARATEDFROMTHOSEOFOTHERTISSUESFORTHREEDIMENSIONALRECONSTRUCTIONOFTHECONNECTIVETISSUENETWORKMODELOFHUMANBODYRECONSTRUCTIONOFTHEEXTREMITIESANDTHETRUNKWITHLABELEDTHICKCONNECTIVETISSUEONEHUNDREDIMAGESOFTHETRUNKWITH4MMSPACING,100OFTHEUPPEREXTREMITYAND100OFTHELOWEREXTREMITYWITH5MMSPACING,ALLINTAGGEDIMAGEDATABASEBYLABELINGTHEPOINTSOFTHICKCONNECTIVETISSUES,WERECONSTRUCTEDTHREEDIMENSIONALIMAGESOFTHESEPOINTS,WHICHWERETHENCOMPAREDWITHTHEACUPOINTSANDMERIDIANSUSEDINTRADITIONALACUPUNCTURETHERAPYINLIGHTOFDEVELOPMENTALBIOLOGY,WEKNOWTHATINMULTICELLULARORGANISMS,MESENCHYMEISDERIVEDFROMJELLYLIKEEXTRACELLULARFLUIDECFANDFURTHERDIFFERENTIATESINTOMANYCELLTYPES,TISSUES,EVENORGANSINHIGHERCREATURESLIKEHUMANBEINGS,MESENCHYMEGIVESRISETOALLTHEFASCIALTISSUETHROUGHOUTTHEBODYTHEFASCIAEFORMAFRAMEWORKOFCONNECTIVETISSUESTOSUPPORTTHEGROWTHOFCELLSOFALLFUNCTIONALORGANSEXCEPTFORTHECENTRALNERVESYSTEM,ANDTHEREFORETHISFRAMEWORKCANBEREGARDEDASONEOFTHEESSENTIALELEMENTSOFTHEINTERNALENVIRONMENTFORALLKINDSOFFILEFORMATTIFF,WERESELECTEDFROMTHEIMAGEDATABASEOFTHEDIGITIZEDVIRTUALCHINESEMALEUSINGTHE4MARKERPOINTSONTHEORIGINALIMAGES,IMAGEREGISTRATIONWASPERFORMEDANDFOLLOWEDBYCONFIRMATIONWITHASTANDARDEDGEDETECTIONALGORITHMSOBELDURINGTHELOCALIZATIONTHEPARAMETERSWEREADJUSTEDACCORDINGTOTHEACTUALIMAGESAFTERREMOVALOFTHEBACKGROUNDSINTHEIMAGES,3GROUPSOFIMAGESWERELIVINGCELLSFUNCTIONALLY,THECONNECTIVETISSUEFRAMEWORKNOTONLYPROVIDESASOFTSUPPORTOFTHEBODYBUTALSOMAINTAINSTHESYSTEMICBALANCEBYREGULATINGOBTAINEDTHEIMAGESWERETHENCOMPAREDWITHTHETHENEURALREFLEXES,NEUROENDOCRINEACTIVITY,STANDARDHUMANBODYTOMOGRAMSTODIFFERENTIATETHECONNECTIVETISSUETHECENTERSOFTHETHICKCONNECTIVETISSUEAREAS,WHICHWEREUSUALLYTRIANGULARORPOLYGONAL,WEREMARKEDWITHAGREENDOTWHOSEDIAMETERWASHALFOFTHEMAXIMUMDIAMETEROFTHETHICKCONNECTIVETISSUEAREASUBSEQUENTIMAGESEGMENTATIONANDDIMINUTIONBYBICUBICINTERPOLATIONRESULTEDIN3GROUPSOFIMAGES,NEUROIMMUNITY,ANDBYREPAIRINGTHECELLANDTISSUEINJURIESTHEREFORE,WEPUTFORWARDAHYPOTHESISTHATANAUTOSURVEILLANCESYSTEMMAYEXISTINTHEHUMANBODY,WHICHDIFFERSESSENTIALLYFROMTHENINEESTABLISHEDFUNCTIONALSYSTEMSWECOINEDTHETERMFUNCTIONALFASCIAOLOGYTODENOTETHEBULKOFRESEARCHONTHIS10THSYSTEM,WHEREBIOLOGICALLYVALIDEXPLANATIONSFORTHEFUNDAMENTALMECHANISMSOFACUPUNCTURETHERAPYMAYBEFOUNDTHISHYPOTHESISMAYALSOOPENANEWEACHWITHTHESIZEOF810390PIXELSAFTERCONVERSIONINTOGREYIMAGE,ATHREEDIMENSIONALMODELWASRECONSTRUCTEDUSINGVISUALCBASEDONMARCHINGCUBESAREAFORRESEARCHANDBRINGFORWARDQUESTIONSMANYSCIENTIFICALGORITHMFIG1SHOWSTHEMARKINGONTHETHICKCONNECTIVETISSUEANDILLUSTRATESTHEPROCESSOFMODELRECONSTRUCTIONWESELECTIVELYLABELEDTHETHICKMATERIALSANDMETHODSIMAGEDATAACQUISITIONFOLLOWINGSCANNINGWITHCOMPUTEDCONNECTIVETISSUEAREACLOSETOTHEANTERIORANDPOSTERIORMIDLINESOFTHETRUNK,ASWELLASTHEMEDIALANDTHELATERALLINESOFTHEUPPERANDLOWEREXTREMITIESAFTERMODELRECONSTRUCTION,THECOURSESOFTHELABELEDDOTSWERECOMPAREDWITHTHOSEOFTHEMERIDIANSINTCM,TOMOGRAPHYCTANDMAGNETICRESONANCEIMAGINGMRI,AMALECADAVERWITHAHEIGHTOF176CMANDAFEMALECADAVERWITHAHEIGHTOF155CMWEREPERFUSEDWITHREDFILLINGMATERIALTHROUGHTHEFEMORALARTERYBEFOREFREEZINGANDEMBEDDINGTHEWHOLEBODYOFTHECADAVERWASSLICEDUSINGAJZ1500AVERTICALMILLINGMACHINEWITHTHESPACINGOF02MMALLTHEIMAGESWERECAPTUREDWITHFUJIFINEPIXS2PROCAMERA,ANDDIGITIZEDVIRTUALCHINESEMALEANDFEMALEIMAGEDATASETSWEREESTABLISHED1516NAMELYRENANDDUCHANNELSOFTHETRUNK,INTESTINECHANNELOFHANDYANGMINGLITRIPLEWARMERCHANNELOFHANDSHAOYANG,LARGEANDTHESPLEENCHANNELOFFOOTTAIYINSPCHANNELOFFOOTTAIYANGBLANDURINARYBLADDERRESULTSWANGJUN,ETALFROMMERIDIANSANDACUPOINTSTOSELFSUPERVISIONANDCONTROLSYSTEMAHYPOTHESISOFTHE10THFUNCTIONALSYSTEMBASEDONANATOMICALSTUDIESOFDIGITIZEDVIRTUALHUMAN第5期575FIG2THEFRAMEWORKOFTHEWHOLEBODYCONNECTIVETISSUEONCORONALPLANEFIG1POSITIONINGOFTHETHICKCONNECTIVETISSUEIMAGEDATABASESTOTALING9232CORONALIMAGESTIFFOFTHEWHOLEBODYWEREOBTAINEDFROMTHEMALECADAVERTOCONSTRUCTANIMAGEDATABASEOF16156GB,AND8556IMAGESFROMTHEFEMALECADAVERWITHTHEWHOLEDATABASEOF1497GBINORDERTOFACILITATECALCULATION,WECOMPRESSEDTHETIFFIMAGESINTOJPGFORMAT,ANDTHEWHOLEDATABASESWERESIZEDDOWNTO820GBFORTHEMALEAND651GBFORTHEFEMALEDISTRIBUTIONOFTHECONNECTIVETISSUESFIG3CLASSIFICATIONOFTHEFASCIAADERMALDENSECONNECTIVETISSUEBSUBCUTANEOUSLOOSECONNECTIVETISSUECLOOSECONNECTIVETISSUEINTHEINTERMUSCULARSEPTUMDLOOSECONNECTIVETISSUEAROUNDTHENEUROVASCULARTRACTELOOSECONNECTIVETISSUEOFTHEHILUSANDTUNICAOFTHEVISCERALORGANAFTERRECONSTRUCTION,NETWORKMODELSEPARATIONANDTHREEDIMENSIONALWECONSTRUCTEDTHECONNECTIVETISSUEONTHECORONALPLANEFIG2THECONNECTIVETISSUESWERELABELEDONTHETRANSVERSESECTIONSOFTHETRUNKSOASTOSHOWTHEIRDISTRIBUTIONFIG1THEIMAGESSHOWTHATTHECONNECTIVETISSUEISDISTRIBUTEDEXTENSIVELYOVERVARIOUSPARTSOFTHEHUMANBODYANDFORMACOMPLETECONNECTIVETISSUEFRAMEWORKALLOFTHEHUMANORGANSARECOATEDWITHTHECONNECTIVETISSUE,WHICH,ASSHOWNINFIG4AF,ALSOEXTENDINTOTHEORGANSTOFORMPARTITIONSWITHINTHEORGANSWITHTHEEXCEPTIONOFTHECENTRALNERVESYSTEMINPRACTICEOFRECONSTRUCTIONONTHECROSSSECTIONIMAGES,THETHICKCONNECTIVETISSUEAREASWEREARTIFICIALLYLABELEDWITHGREENDOTSTHREEDIMENSIONALRECONSTRUCTIONANDTRANSPARENTPROCESSINGOFTHEIMAGESVISUALIZEDTHECOURSESOFGREENDOTSINTHESHAPEOFASTRINGOFBEADSTHEBEADSWEREROUGHLYLOCATEDATTHESITESOFACUPOINTSANDTHELINESLINKINGTHESEBEADSWENTBASICALLYALONGTHEMERIDIANSINACUPUNCTURETHERAPYASDOCUMENTEDINTHEANCIENTSCRIPTSFIGS4AFTHREEDIMENSIONALBROWSERSOFTWAREWASUSEDTOSTUDYTHEPOSITIONSOFTHE361ACUPOINTSSEPARATELYALONGTHE14INTERNATIONALCHANNELSWEINTENDEDTODETERMINEONWHICHOFTHEFIVEKINDSOFFASCIAETHE361ACUPOINTSARELOCATED,ANDOURFINDINGSAREPRESENTEDINTAB1THEABOVERESULTSSHOWTHATTHEMAJORITYOFTHERECORDEDACUPOINTSONTHEINTERNATIONALCHANNELSARELOCATEDONTHECONNECTIVETISSUESOFTHEINTERMUSCULARACUPUNCTURETHERAPY,ALLTHEACUPOINTSARETOBESTIMULATEDATDIFFERENTDEPTHSTHEREFORE,ACCORDINGTOTHEANATOMICLOCATIONANDTHEHISTOLOGICALSTRUCTURE,THECONNECTIVETISSUESINCLOSERELATIONWITHTHEACUPUNCTURETHERAPYMAYBECLASSIFIEDINTO5TYPES,INTHEORDERFROMSUPERFICIALTOTHEDEEPSTRUCTURESTHEDERMALDENSECONNECTIVETISSUE,SUBCUTANEOUSLOOSECONNECTIVETISSUE,INTERMUSCULARLOOSECONNECTIVETISSUE,LOOSECONNECTIVETISSUEAROUNDTHENERVESANDBLOODVESSELS,ANDTHEHILUSANDCOATINGLOOSECONNECTIVETISSUEOFORGANSFIG3POSITIONINGOFTHETHICKCONNECTIVETHEVISCERALTISSUEANDCABFDEFIG4COMPARISONBETWEENTHEREBUILTIMAGESANDTHETRADITIONALRECORDSAREBUILDINGOFTHERENANDDUCHANNELSBDISTRIBUTIONOFTHEDUCHANNELCREBUILDINGOFTHEUPPEREXTREMITYFASCIAESHOWINGTHELARGEINTESTINECHANNELOFHANDYANGMINGLIANDTHETRIPLEWARMERCHANNELOFHANDSHAOYANGSJDDISTRIBUTIONOFTWOCHANNELSINTHEUPPEREXTREMITYEREBUILDINGOFTHELOWEREXTREMITYFASCIAESHOWINGTHESPLEENCHANNELOFFOOTTAIYINSPANDTHEURINARYBLADDERCHANNELOFFOOTTAIYANGBLFDISTRIBUTIONOFTWOCHANNELSINTHELOWEREXTREMITYTAB1FASCIALSTRUCTUREOFACUPOINTSSTIMULATEDINTHE14INTERNATIONALCHANNELSINTERNATIONALCHANNELSABBREVIATIONNUMBEROFACUPOINTS12345THELUNGCHANNELOFHANDTAIYINLUTHELARGEINTESTINECHANNELOFHANDYANGMINGLITHESTOMACKCHANNELOFFOOTYANGMINGSTTHESPLEENCHANNELOFFOOTTAIYINSPTHEHEARTCHANNELOFHANDSHAOYINHTTHESMALLINTESTINECHANNELOFHANDTAIYANGSITHEURINARYBLADDERCHANNELOFFOOTTAIYANGBLTHEKIDNEYCHANNELOFFOOTTAIYINKITHEPERICARDIUMCHANNELOFHANGJUEYINPCTHETRIPLEWARMERCHANNELOFHANDSHAOYANGSJTHEGALLBLADDERCHANNELOFFOOTSHAOYANGGBTHELIVERCHANNELOFFOOTJUEYINLRTHEDUCHANNELDUTHERENMERIDIANRNTOTAL11204521919672792344142824361122012022191102481223105104512413225231220402230170101221125221504441105336314148258232610191DERMALDENSECONNECTIVETISSUE2SUBCUTANEOUSLOOSECONNECTIVETISSUE3LOOSECONNECTIVETISSUEINTHEINTERMUSCULARSEPTUM4LOOSECONNECTIVETISSUEAROUNDNEUROVASCULARTRACT5LOOSECONNECTIVETISSUEOFTHEHILUSOFTHEVISCERALORGANWANGJUN,ETALFROMMERIDIANSANDACUPOINTSTOSELFSUPERVISIONANDCONTROLSYSTEMAHYPOTHESISOFTHE10THFUNCTIONALSYSTEMBASEDONANATOMICALSTUDIESOFDIGITIZEDVIRTUALHUMAN第5期577SEPTUMSTIMULATEDMOSTOFTHEACUPOINTSWHICHARETOBETOTHEDEPTHSOFTHEDERMALDENSEANDMERIDIANSANDACUPOINTSDEVELOPMENTALBIOLOGYOFTHECONNECTIVETISSUETHEDEVELOPMENTALBIOLOGYOFFASCIAECANREVEALTHEFUNCTIONOFTHEFASCIALNETWORKASISKNOWN,INTHESUBCUTANEOUSLOOSECONNECTIVETISSUESARELOCATEDINTHEHEADTHEACUPOINTSONTHELIMBSAREUSUALLYSTIMULATEDTOTHEDEPTHSOFTHELOOSECONNECTIVETISSUEINTHEINTERMUSCULARSEPTUMANDTHATAROUNDTHENEUROVASCULARPROCESSOFPHYLOGENICEVOLUTION,FASCIAEORIGINALLYEVOLVEFROMTHEMESENCHYMEOFTHEMETAZOANPHYLAANDTHENFROMECFINTHEMULTICELLULARORGANISMINASENSE,THEFASCIALNETWORK,THEMESENCHYMEANDTHEECFAREHOMOLOGOUSTHEIRCOMMONFUNCTIONISTOSUSTAINTHESTABILITYOFTHEINTERNALENVIRONMENTOFTHEBODYFIG5TRACTTHEACUPOINTSFORNEEDLINGONTHEBACKANDABDOMENARELOCATED,INGENERAL,INTHELOOSECONNECTIVETISSUEINTHEINTERMUSCULARSEPTUM,BUTPARTOFTHEACUPOINTSONTHEABDOMENAREINTHELOOSECONNECTIVETISSUEOFTHEHILUSOFTHEVISCERALORGANSDISCUSSIONVARIOUSACUPUNCTURETHERAPIESANDTHECONNECTIVETISSUESINTHISSTUDY,WECONFIRMEDTHECORRESPONDENCEBETWEENTHEACUPOINTSANDTHECOURSESOFFASCIAEREPRESENTEDBYTHREEDIMENSIONALRECONSTRUCTIONWEHAVEALSONOTEDTHATTHEPRACTICEOFVARIOUSOTHERTRADITIONALCHINESETHERAPIESINVOLVESTHESTIMULATIONINVARYINGMANNERSOFDIFFERENTLAYERSOFCONNECTIVETISSUESFOREXAMPLE,THESCALINGTHERAPY,PERCUSSOPUNCTATORTHERAPY,MEDICATEDPLASTERTHERAPYANDTHECOMMONLYUSEDMODERNSKINSTIMULATINGTHERAPYINVOLVETHESTIMULATIONOFTHEDERMALDENSECONNECTIVETISSUETHESUPERFICIALNEEDLETHERAPYANDSUBCUTANEOUSNEEDLETHERAPYSTIMULATETHESUBCUTANEOUSLOOSECONNECTIVETISSUEACCORDINGTOTHEPREVIOUSSTUDIES,THESITESFORSTIMULATIONINVARIOUSSTIMULATIONTHERAPIESHAVEONECOMMONFEATUREPRESENCEOFABUNDANTSENSORYNERVEENDINGSANDLYMPHATICCAPILLARIESTHISMIGHTBETHEREASONWHYTHESETRADITIONALTHERAPIESWORKWHENAFIG5ORIGINATIONOFTHECONNECTIVETISSUEOFHUMANBODYTHEABOVEDIAGRAMILLUSTRATESTHATTHEMESODERMFURTHERGIVESRISETOORGANSANDSYSTEMSWITHSPECIFICFUNCTIONS,NAMELYTHELOCOMOTOR,IMMUNE,URINARY,REPRODUCTIVEANDCIRCULATORYSYSTEMSHOWEVER,THERESIDUEMESENCHYMEISDIFFERENTIATEDINTOCONNECTIVETISSUETHATISDISTRIBUTEDTHROUGHOUTTHEBODYOFHIGHERNEEDLEISINSERTEDINTOTHE“POINT”WHERETHICKCONNECTIVETISSUEISPRESENT,TWIRLINGANDROTATINGTHENEEDLEMAYINCREASETHEAMOUNTOFCONNECTIVETISSUESUNDERSTIMULATION,THUSPRODUCINGSTRONGERBIOLOGICALEFFECTSNOWBYWAYOFDIGITALANATOMICRECONSTRUCTION,SCIENTISTSCANCONSTRUCTTHEFRAMEWORKMODELOFTHEANIMALSTHECONNECTIVETISSUENETWORKPROVIDESSUPPORTFORALLTHECELLSOFTHEFUNCTIONALTISSUESOTHERTHANTHECENTRALNERVESYSTEM,ANDSERVESASTHEMATRIXFORTHEGROWTHOFTISSUECELLS,SUCHASTHEBASEMENTMEMBRANEOFTHEEPIDERMISANDGASTROINTESTINALTRACTENDOTHELIUM,ASWELLASTHECAPSULESCOATINGAROUNDANDEXTENDINGINTOTHEMUSCLES,VISCERALORGANS,BONEANDMERIDIANSANDACUPOINTSINHUMAN,ORINANIMALSDIGITALANATOMICTHREEDIMENSIONALRECONSTRUCTIONHASENABLEDTHEEXPLORATIONOFNEWACUPOINTSINTHETHORACICCAVITY,ABDOMINALCAVITY,PELVICCAVITY,ANDBASEOFTHESKULLMOREOVER,THISTECHNIQUEPROVIDESVERYUSEFULANATOMICALMODELTOFACILITATETHERESEARCHONTHETHEIRINTERSTITIALSPACEINFACT,ASANESSENTIALCONSTITUTIVEELEMENTOFTHEINTERNALENVIRONMENTFORTHEGROWTHOFVARIOUSFUNCTIONALTISSUECELLS,THECONNECTIVETISSUESSTILLRETAINTHEIRORIGINALFUNCTIONSANDTHEMESENCHYME,ORTHEADULTMESENCHYME,FORMSANADDITIONALFUNCTIONALSYSTEMINHUMANWITHTHECOOPERATIONOFTHEPERIPHERALNERVOUSSYSTEMANDIMMUNESYSTEMTHELYMPHATICVESSELSWEHEREREFERTOTHISSYSTEMASTHEAUTOSURVEILLANCESYSTEM,BECAUSEWEBELIEVETHATBESIDESIMMOBILIZATION,PARTITIONANDSUPPORTTHATAREGENERALLYRECOGNIZEDASTHEFUNCTIONSOFTHECONNECTIVETISSUE,THEFASCIAEALSOHELPMAINTAINHOMEOSTASISOFTHEORGANISM,REPAIRTHETISSUEORCELLINJURIESANDAUTONOMOUSLYREGULATETISSUEMETABOLISMSIMILARLY,THEBONESNOTONLYPROVIDEATTACHMENTFORTHEINCLUDINGCELLMETABOLISM,REPAIRANDREGENERATION,WHILETHEPARASYMPATHETICNERVEREGULATESTHEFUNCTIONALACTIVITIESOFTHEINTERNALORGANS,SUCHASSECRETIONANDPERISTALSISTHESECRETEDHORMONESBYTHEHYPOTHALAMUSNERVEREGULATETHESYSTEMICSTATEOFTHEBODY3AUTOIMMUNEREGULATIONOFTHELYMPHATICSYSTEMCELLDEBRISANDLARGEMOLECULARMASSSUBSTANCESENTERTHELYMPHATICCAPILLARIESINTHECONNECTIVETISSUEANDTHENTHECENTRALLYMPHOIDORGANSTHROUGHTHELYMPHATICVESSELSTOACTIVATESPECIFICIMMUNERESPONSESDEGENERATEDCELLSARECLEAREDTHROUGHTHEBODYFLUIDSANDIMMUNERESPONSESOFTHECELLSTHEAUTOSURVEILLANCESYSTEMCANBECLASSIFIEDINTOMUSCLESANDSUPPORTTHEBODYWEIGHT,IMPORTANTROLESINHEMATOPOIESISANEONATEHASGREATERABUNDANCEBUTALSOPLAYOFCONNECTIVETISSUESTHATGRADUALLYDECREASEWITHGROWTH,ANDINOLDAGE,THESKINBECOMESRATHERTHINASTHEFAT,FASCIAEORCONNECTIVETISSUESDIMINISHTHISFACTSEEMSTOSUGGESTTHATTHECONNECTIVETISSUESALSOSERVEASTHERESERVOIROFSOMESORTOFHUMANENERGYANDPLAYANINDISPENSABLEROLEINTHEAGEINGPROCESS3TYPES,REACTINGWITHFAST,MODERATEANDSLOWRESPONSES,RESPECTIVELYREGULATIONOFTHENEURALREFLEXVIATHESENSORYNERVESTOTHESPINALCORD,THALAMUS,ANDLIMBICSYSTEMISEXECUTEDTHROUGHFASTRESPONSENEUROENDOCRINEREGULATIONFIRSTVIATHESENSORYNERVESANDTHENVIATHALAMUS,LIMBICSYSTEMANDHYPOTHALAMUSTOTHENEUROENDOCRINESYSTEMRELIESONMODERATERESPONSEANDAUTOIMMUNEREGULATIONTHATSTARTSFROMTHELYMPHTOTHECENTRALLYMPHOIDORGANSANDTHENTOTHEIMMUNEAGENTSISACCOMPLISHEDTHROUGHSLOWRESPONSETHEAUTOSURVEILLANCESYSTEMHASTWOMAINCONCEPTANDMECHANISMSYSTEMOFTHEAUTOSURVEILLANCEINHUMAN,THEAUTOSURVEILLANCESYSTEMISCOMPOSEDOFTHECONNECTIVETISSUENETWORKWHICHMONITORSANDREGULATESLIVINGANDFUNCTIONALCONDITIONSOFTISSUECELLSITSAUTOREGULATINGMECHANISMSMAYBEDESCRIBEDINTHEFOLLOWINGASPECTS1NEURALREFLEXREGULATIONTHESENSORYNERVEIMPULSESENTERTHEPOSTERIORHORNOFTHESPINALCORDVIATHEDORSALROOTGANGLION,ANDTHENDIRECTLY,ORTHROUGHFUNCTIONSONEISTOREGULATETHEFUNCTIONALSTATEMETABOLICACTIVITYANDEXCITATION,SUCHASNEURALREFLEXREGULATIONANDNEUROENDOCRINEREGULATIONTHEOTHERISTOREGULATETHESTATEOFLIFEACTIVITYCELLDIVISION,GROWTHTHEINTERMEDIATENERVE,ACTONTHEMOTONEURONANDANDAPOPTOSIS,INCLUDINGCELLDIVISIONANDGROWTHINTERNEURONOFTHESPINALCORDANTERIORHORNTORAISETHETHRESHOLDOFEXCITATIONOFTHESETWOKINDSOFNEURONS,RESULTINGSUBSEQUENTLYINSPASMRELIEFANDANALGESIA2NEUROENDOCRINEREGULATIONTHESENSORYNERVEIMPULSESVIATHESPINALCORTEXBUNDLEREACHTHETHALAMUSANDARETRANSMITTEDTHROUGHTHERELAYNEURONSTOTHECEREBRALCORTEX,LIMBICSYSTEMANDSUBCORTICALSTRUCTURESINTURNTHESESTRUCTURESSENDTHEIMPULSESBACKTOTHETHALAMUSTOBLOCKTHETRANSMISSIONOFINCOMINGSTIMULATIONTOTHECORTEX,ANDALSOSENDTHEIMPULSESTOTHEHYPOTHALAMUSWHICHUNDERSTIMULATIONCANSECRETEVARIOUSHORMONESTOREGULATETHEEXCITATIONOFTHESYMPATHETICNERVEANDTHEPARASYMPATHETICNERVEINTHISMANNER,ANAL
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
- 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- 2026年經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)專業(yè)知識點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)題庫市場供需模型運(yùn)用解析
- 2026年自然科學(xué)愛好者自然科學(xué)類模擬試題
- 2026年云計(jì)算數(shù)據(jù)安全防護(hù)策略實(shí)操模擬題
- 2026年心理健康與心理咨詢專業(yè)試題庫
- 云南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2026屆高一生物第二學(xué)期期末調(diào)研試題含解析
- 2026年環(huán)境治理工程師專業(yè)試題集環(huán)境監(jiān)測與治理技術(shù)題
- 2026年電子元器件基礎(chǔ)常識試題集
- 2026年旅游預(yù)訂平臺備案管理實(shí)操練習(xí)題
- 2026年環(huán)境科學(xué)與保護(hù)知識問答集
- 2026年經(jīng)濟(jì)法律實(shí)務(wù)與企業(yè)管理法規(guī)試題集
- 八年級地理《中國氣候的主要特征》單元核心課教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
- (2025版)中國焦慮障礙防治指南
- DB4403T399-2023居家適老化改造與管理規(guī)范
- 解分式方程50題八年級數(shù)學(xué)上冊
- GB/T 27866-2023鋼制管道和設(shè)備防止焊縫硫化物應(yīng)力開裂的硬度控制技術(shù)規(guī)范
- 部編版小學(xué)語文四年級下冊第一單元教材解讀課件
- 骨科常見病、多發(fā)病清單、疑難病種清單、核心手術(shù)操作技術(shù)清單
- 保單整理分享課件
- 2022屆廣東省高考生物二輪總復(fù)習(xí)基因工程和細(xì)胞工程
- 光學(xué)干涉測量技術(shù)
- 課程設(shè)計(jì)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)平臺設(shè)計(jì)
評論
0/150
提交評論