1、英語語音知識1 .兀首：單元音（12 ） : / i: / i / e / ? / a: / 9 / j: / u / u: / a / 3 / 3： /雙元音（8） : / ei / ai / oi / Q / u。/ s© / au / au /2 .輔音：（24）按聲帶震動與否為：清音：/ p / t / k / f / s / / / h / 8/tJ / tr / ts /濁音：/ b / d / g / v / z / m / n / 1/ 3/6 /dr / dz / r / w /j / l /3 .音節(jié)：一個元音，或一個元音和一個或幾個輔音音素結合稱為音節(jié)。m, n

2、, l, N 和輔音音素結合，也可以構成一個音節(jié)。有幾個元音就有幾個音節(jié)。開音節(jié)：絕對開音節(jié)：輔音字母 +元音字母相對開音節(jié)：元音字母 +輔音字母（除r） + e （不發(fā)音）在重讀開音節(jié)中，元音字母都讀作字母的發(fā)音。閉音節(jié)：元音字母+輔音字母（除r）在重讀閉音節(jié)中，元音字母a讀彳乍IA/, e讀彳乍/e /, I （y）讀彳/ I /, o讀彳乍/R /, u讀彳乍/u /或/ Q/.（重讀閉音節(jié)三要素：1.必須是重讀音節(jié)； 2.最后只有一個輔音字母；3.元音字母發(fā)短元音。） 音節(jié)的劃分在兩個音節(jié)的相鄰處有兩個輔音時，一個 輔音屬于前面的音節(jié),一個屬于后面的音節(jié)。例如：let-ter mem-

3、ber chi l-dren daugh-ter在兩個音節(jié)的相鄰處只有一個輔音時,如果前面音節(jié)里的元音是長音則輔音屬于后面一個音節(jié),如果前面一個音節(jié)里的元音是您五，則輔字組屬于前面一個音節(jié)。例如： 長音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro m o-tor f ar-ther短音 sev-en stud-y m oth-er v er-y m od-le w eath-er字母組合不能分開，必須劃在一個音節(jié)內，如： ch, th, sh, ph, tr, dr4 .單詞重音：在多音節(jié)或雙音節(jié)詞中，有一個讀得特別響亮的音節(jié)，叫做重讀音節(jié)。除了一些復合詞外，一般說來，每個單詞

4、只有一個重讀音節(jié)，重讀音節(jié)用重音符號"'”來表示。單音節(jié)詞不標重音符號，但必須重讀。雙音節(jié)詞重讀規(guī)則雙音節(jié)詞的第一個音節(jié)通常是重讀音節(jié)。例如：' stu-dent ' Chi-na ' sec-ond ' au-tumn in- ' deed含有a- be- de- re- in- ex-等前綴的雙音節(jié)詞往往是在第二個音節(jié)上重讀。雙音節(jié)詞的重讀位置不會因增加前綴或后綴而發(fā)生改變。例如：about before ex cuse re 'pair for-' geul in- ' vetor多音節(jié)詞重讀規(guī)則多音節(jié)詞通

5、常在倒數(shù)第三個音節(jié)重讀。例如： el-e-phant con-grat-u- la-tion詞尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的詞，在 -ic 或-sion,-tion 前的一個音節(jié)上重讀。例如： scien tific im pression nation英語的基本拼讀規(guī)則總規(guī)則：1.元音字母 在重讀開音節(jié)中一般讀“字母”音；在閉音節(jié)中讀“短”音2.元音字組 在非重讀音節(jié)中讀引音或i但：yellow sparrow tomorrow everydayei handbag? blackboard:1 .元音字母a及其字母組合的讀音元音字母和字母組合讀音說明例詞例夕卜aei在重讀開音節(jié)中g

6、rade, face, table, namehave ? operate liberate hibernateeihesitate celebtate?在重讀閉音節(jié)中map , practice , that, plan , hand網w+awatch, what, wash, walletwater 3:“：a-n, ss sp sk st th fanswer, grant, class, grasp, basket, fast, bath, aftersand, stand land band ?e：many anyai, ayei在重讀自|J中straight, afraid , p

7、aint, rani在非重讀音節(jié)中Monday, mountain ,holiday., captainweekday! ei birthday! eiair洌在重讀自|J中repair. chair, hair, stairal。 向 "：在n./ v. 中在副詞中a-f/mchalk , call, small, walk talk also, always, already, half; calmsaltp :l ar"：P：在重讀自|J中w/wh-arparty, artist, farm , card War, warm,toward, quartervariou

8、siare列在重讀自|J中glare., care., stare, daretau/ aughR：August, autumn cause caughtaunt, laugh a ： Australia 口aw3draw., law, saw2 .元音字母e及其字母組合的讀音r1元音字母和字母組合讀音說明例詞例夕卜ei：在重讀開音節(jié)中complete , even, these,e在重讀閉音節(jié)中better, enter, freshpretty i eaebreath, head, ready, deadi：breathe , season , least , deal , meanmea

9、nte dreamt田really , real, theatre, ideareality oceaneigreat, breakeei：greet, deep, keep, meet元音字母和 字母組合讀音說明例詞例夕卜eii：/ei/s/-eireceive, seize, ceiling eightheighth ait eitherer因在重讀首ij中verb, her, term, serveclerk a,:ear冏dear, clear, near, hearheard 3:因search, learn, earth, earnheart a,:利bear, wear, pea

10、reer問pioneer, deer engineerewju：few, newul, r, j-ewblew, threw, grew, Jewsew ou-edt前回是清輔首 （t除外）jumped, talked, worked, helpedd前面是濁輔音（d除外）或元音loved, answered,closed, stayedid前圜是t或dneeded, shouted, skated3 .元音字母i及其字母組合的讀音元音字母和 字母組合讀音說明例詞例夕卜i (y)ai在重讀開音節(jié)中Friday , fine , drivegive, live, lively, satellit

11、ei在重讀閉音節(jié)中strict, think , artistwildw aild wind, climb, sign (signal ), designi:h. machine, policeieai在重讀詞尾lie, tie, die, piei:believe, piece, fieldfriend e quiet ai5 ,society, experienceir己:girl , bird , first, birthighaifight , right, tight, nightildaildwild, child., mildireaEadmire, hire, fire, en

12、tireindaindbehind, find, kindwind w ind ingsing, ring4 .元音字母o及其字母組合的讀音元音字母和 字母組合讀音說明例詞例夕卜oou在重讀開音節(jié)中 在某些詞的詞尾spoke, pole, note envelope , piano_,photo_,radioimproveim5pr u:v, , love A goneJ whoseh u:z, losel u:z, tombt u: m, provepr u:v3在重讀閉音節(jié)中monument, along, shop, clothA-m,n,v,thworry , another, son

13、, monkeydonkey, nonsense 0 uwoman , wolf, intooaoucoat, boat, road, coalbroadO：oi, oy明noise, enjoy , choice, boyoou：-l,m,n結尾濁輔音-oo-清輔音/ 1#-oo-濁school, soon, fool , food, roof, bootwooluoo-k清-oo清/濁-oo濁book, look, good, foot, good, woodshoot u: troop 比較：loose / loseAflood , bloodor3在重讀首IJ中worn , horse

14、因w-orworld , work, worseouaumouse, ground, southousoul, shoulder, thoughushould, could, wouldu：youth , group, woundAtrouble , touch , country,enoughcoughpowaudown , town , how , allowknowledge 0ousnow. grow . windowough3bought, thought, oughtploughpl au through! u：ourau3在重讀首IJ中floun, hour., ourtourt

15、 u36在重讀首IJ中four, pour, coursejou£ney 3：5 .元音字母u及其字母組合的讀音元音字母和 字母組合讀音說明例詞例夕卜uju：在重讀開音節(jié)中student, use, pupil , hugesugar u A在重讀閉音節(jié)中but, cut, up, hurrytruth u: busy i 旬在某些非重讀音節(jié)中autumn, difficult , successinstitute ju: , communismur注hurt, nurse, turn, burnhurry Aureju 8pure, cure,sure u 6 .輔音字母的讀音輔音

16、字母和 字母組合讀音說明例詞例夕卜bbbike bus bag/bomb tom bckcake picture coat musicsc-e/i/yface decide cinema時much chick ri ch teacherchkschool headache chemistry山machine Ch icago-ckkcock pocket black knockdddoctor bread hand day-dge畫bridge fri dgedr-drchil dren driver drinkfffive four breakfast9bag gardon gog陶-eor

17、ange large Germanfcough enoughgh/li ght daughter hi ghgu- -gue冏在詞自/詞尾guess league dialogue9w在詞中l(wèi)anguagehhhot head house hand/hour honestj畫jeepj ar joke join Julykkkind bi ke skate make weekkn-nknife know knocklllife mi lk school tallmmmonkey co me autumn-mnmautumn colu mn solemnnnnot shine ten note口

18、n-k/ guncle thank hungry-ng口morni ng you ng wro ngPppaper plane pig shi p penPhfelephant photo tele phoneqkIraqqu-kwquality quiterrred rubber rulers （詞中）s在詞首或清輔音前sit sleep deskpurpose house(s) promise insist basin personz元音字母間或濁輔音前music hu sbandS （詞尾）s清輔音之后Stops, booksz濁輔音/元音之后Zoos, questionssc- shs

19、iontionttchthtr-viz，,s, tf-esBoxes, watches&zth-sbaths mouths youthsmaths s months lengths clothes 5 z clothing 5 il skScaresmuscle science山she fish shirt washJ n軸曰-sionImpression, comprehension3nH首子母 -sionvision decision occasionJ nNation, revolutiontjns-tionQuestion, suggestiontten letter meet

20、watch0實詞中thin thirty me thodsmooth在虛t中/ -司the these with mother thistrtree train country truckvvery voice lo ve leavewwweek win wake sweet wait/answer twowh-wwh at when wh ite whyhwh- owho whose wholexksbox text exercisegzexamle exist exactwr-rwritey-jyes yard yellow youngzzpuzzle zero zoo單詞辨音練習1. h

21、onestA. hopeB. holidayC. helloD. hotel2. importantA. informationB. neighbourC. performD. forbid3. fatherA. fasterB. famousC. fallD. factory4. admitA. bicycleB. activeC. besideD. knife5.endeavourA. journeyB. courseC. courtD. honour6.headacheA. cheatB. machineC. schoolD. cheery7. southernA. thirteenB.

22、 southC. fourthD. neither8. wholeA. wheatB. whileC. whoseD. white9. exactlyA. exerciseB. exceptC. expectD. examination10. heavyA. breakB. breadC. dealD. cheap11. travelerA. serviceB. performanceC. certainD. servant12. aroundA. moustacheB.announceC. groupD. young13. freshA. electricB. escapeC. equali

23、tyD. entire14. certainlyA. rely_B. really_C. terrify.D. try15. conditionA. suggestionB. questionC. conclusionD. congratulation16. climbA. beautyB. combC. borderD. behind17. remainA. BritainB. certainC. explainD. captain18. removedA. sufferedB. laughedC. advancedD. shocked19. dollarsA. roofs_B. pillo

24、ws.C. groupsD. ports20. laughterA.enoughB. thoughtC. ploughD. through21. courageA. groundB. doubleC. loudD. mouth22. brownA. lowB. townC. knowD. knowledge23. studentA. busyB. rulerC. JulyD. music24. waistA. portraitB. captainC. BritainD. plain25. strengthA. batheB. thoughC. breatheD. mouth26. termA.

25、 understandB. whisperC. waterD. certainly27. bearA. nearB. searchC. earlyD. pear28. oceanA. concertB. centuryC. officialD. coast29. sewA. resultB. sawC. sureD. sugar30. saltA. chalkB. calmC. almostD. half31. languageA.danceB. trunkC. manyD. money32. compareA. scareB. inspireC. admireD. enquire33. ad

26、vancedA. entranceB. saluteC. fortunateD. task34. lockA. proveB. LondonC. longerD. lonely35. CanadaA. majorityB. balanceC. advancedD. dangerous36. feverA. presidentB. electricC. freshD. frequently37. cousinA. thirstyB. resistC. anxiousD. universe38. wormA. lordB. stormC. worryD. worthy39. trousersA.

27、dozensB. requestsC. desksD. lakes40. prajseA. fairyB. remainC. saidD. prairie41. AprilA. parentB. basinC. graspD. wallet42. excuseA. useB. truthC. truckD. jump43. possibleA. electricB. expensiveC. techniqueD. electricity44. foreignA. ceilingB. volleyballC. weightD. receive45. academyA. reciteB. reco

28、gnizeC. freshD. cruelty46. whoseA. townB. whomC. wonderD. woman47. towerA. tomorrow.B. throw.C. slowlyD. how48. pleasantA. pleasedB. pleasureC. peacefulD. break49. nationA. natureB. naturalC. nationalD. candle50. repeatA. alreadyB. breadC. defeatD. great51. monthA. governmentB. commonC. alongD. monu

29、ment52. absorbA. wormB. favor.C. northD. emperor.53. foughtA. broughtB. roughC. countryD. trouble54. pauseA. restaurantB. auntC. mauveD. automobile55. watchedA. realized.B. practisedC. whisperedD. pleased56. revisionA. possessionB. expressionC. televisionD. permission57. objectA. motherB.oceanC. obs

30、erveD. obvious58. telegraphA. grammarB. breakfastC. broadcastD. manage59. dutyA. educationB. rulerC. blueD. jump60. sjlenceA. practiseB. silkC. decideD. astonish61. patientA. friendB. achieveC. fieldD. ancient62. ThursdayA. surroundB. nurseC. surpriseD. pursuit63. hourA. journeyB. courtC. tourD. our

31、selves64. chocolateA. machineB.cheekC. characterD. stomach65. strengthA. northernB. worthyC. theoryD. thus66. passengerA. vegetableB. guessC. figureD. together67. throughoutA. naughtyB. coughC. enoughD. laugh68. questionA. resolutionB. revisionC. suggestionD. possession69. materialA. grammarB. grandsonC. basketD. majority70. cautiousA. curiousB. ambitiousC. obviouslyD. various71. moustacheA. machineB. churchC. matchD. chalk72. manyA. anythingB. libraryC. canalD. important73. comparisonA. qualityB. quantityC. quarrelD. national74. childhoodA. coolB.foodC. woodD. fool75. womanA. w