1、第二章書面表達(dá)三段五步法一、為什么寫三段式作文“三段 ”指的是一般而言，學(xué)生的英語書面表達(dá)要?jiǎng)澐忠欢▽哟?，免得沒有層次，顯得很混亂。作為一篇小作文，分為三個(gè)段落一般就可以了。不同文體的寫作段落劃分如下。議論文： 1.根據(jù)現(xiàn)象，闡明觀點(diǎn)； 2.分析原因，展開議論； 3.結(jié)論辯論文： 1.簡述現(xiàn)象，支持者的觀點(diǎn)；2.反對者的觀點(diǎn)； 3.自己的觀點(diǎn)看圖作文： 1.導(dǎo)入； 2.圖畫內(nèi)容； 3.議論或簡評發(fā)展變化： 1.總述巨大變化； 2.過去； 3.現(xiàn)狀對比、比較： 1.總述； 2.相同點(diǎn)； 3.不同點(diǎn)說明文： 1.要說明的主題； 2.具體步驟、過程； 3.評論書信： 1.寒暄、套頭； 2.具體事件；

2、 3.套尾，祝福語通知： 1.對象、稱呼、套頭； 2.內(nèi)容； 3.注意事項(xiàng)，套尾二、五步寫作法的運(yùn)用“五步 ”指的是寫作時(shí)，按照五個(gè)步驟來操作，確保主題突出，要點(diǎn)齊全，通順連貫，語句正確，單詞數(shù)量夠。第一步：認(rèn)真審題：確定文體，擬定標(biāo)題，寫好頭尾，策劃段落，分布要點(diǎn)。俗話說： “良好的開端，成功已一半 ”。常用的開頭如下。議論文： According to a recent survey, more and more students/peopleWith the development of science and technology, an increasing number of pe

3、ople A recent survey shows that辯論文： Last Saturday, our class held a discussion about whether sb. should, opinions mainly fall into two. (opinions are divided upon this)看圖作文： Today, I happened to see an interesting and instructive picture.發(fā)展變化： Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the pas

4、t few years.對比、比較：A and B are two kinds ofThey do have much in common ,but they are not without differences.口頭通知 : Ladies and gentlemen,(May I have) your attention please. I have an announcement tomake.常見的結(jié)尾如下?？偨Y(jié)型：According to what has been discussed above, we can safely draw aconclusion like this.I

5、n conclusionIn a word In generalGenerally, sb. Should呼 吁 型 ：Onlybyv-ing ,can wemake our worldmore and morebeautiful.build up a harmonious society.enjoy our life to the most.Only if we, can we lead a happier and healthier life.win the war of getting ridof poverty.建議型： It is strongly suggested that sb

6、 should that we can.Sb. should be encouraged to so that we can警示型： In view of the seriousness of the problem, proper measures should betake toProper measures should be taken before things get worse to圓滑型： Whether sb should or not. We had better leave this question to the experts in this field.第二步：并列

7、遞進(jìn)，轉(zhuǎn)折過渡，銜接連貫。并列關(guān)系： and, and so, or, neither nor, either or, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say,first, second, third, in the first place, in the second place, on the one hand, on the other hand遞進(jìn)關(guān)系： then, besides, in addition, additionally, moreover, what is more, further m

8、ore.因果關(guān)系： because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, sothat, consequently, accordingly, as a result,now that, lest, in case, for fear that, thus, therefore, as a result, as a consequence, accordingly, so讓步關(guān)系： although, though, even though, even if, despite, in spite of, nevertheless 盡(管如此

9、)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系： but, however, unfortunately, yet, nevertheless, on the contrary, quite the opposite, while總結(jié)關(guān)系： in conclusion, finally, in short, in summary, to sum up, in a word第三步：立足要點(diǎn)，適當(dāng)擴(kuò)展，確定自己能夠駕馭的，有一定深度的短語、句型。 10 個(gè)左右。1表示原因。1）There are three reasons for this2）The reasons for this are as follows3）The reas

10、on for this is obvious4）The reason for this is not far to seek2表示好處。1）It has the following advantages2）It benefits us quite a lot3）It is of great benefit to us3表示壞處。1）It has more disadvantages than advantages4表示重要、必要、困難、方便、可能1）It is important（necessary，difficult ，convenient， possible）for sb to do st

11、h2）We think it necessary to do sth5表示措施。1）We should take some effective measures2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer） the difficulties 3）We should do our utmost in doing sth4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced） with 6表示變化。Some changes have taken place in the past five

12、years7表示事實(shí)、現(xiàn)狀。1）We cannot ignore the fact that2）No one can deny the fact that3）There is no denying the fact that8表示比較。1）Compared with A， B2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV9表示數(shù)量。1）It has increased（ decreased）from to2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，0003）The outpu

13、t of July in this factory increased by 15 compared with that of January10表示看法。1）People have（take，adopt， assume）different attitudes towards sth2）People have different opinions on this problem3）People take different views of（on）the question11表示結(jié)論。From what has been mentioned above， we can come to the conclusion that12套語。1）It wells known to us that 2）As is known to us，3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about4）From the graph（ table， chart）listed above，it can be seen that 5）As a proverb says，“ Where there is a will， there is