1、反義疑問句定義：一般指說話人陳述一個(gè)事件，然后以反問的形式征求意見或確認(rèn)。形式：一般為“前肯后否，前否后肯”類別：一、祈使句(省略主語的句子)1) 一般祈使句，后面反義疑問用“will you?”2) 前面是 let'的，用“ shall we?'3) 前面是 let us 的，用“ will you?”二、不定代詞當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是(1) Every one, everybody, some one, somebody,n obody, no one等時(shí)，后面的疑問句主語常用they,應(yīng)表示為：Every one is in the classroom, aren't

2、 they?(基本不用單數(shù)，但也可用he)Nobody will go, will they?(2) everything,anything,nothing,something時(shí)，附力口疑問句中主語一般用it,女口：Everything seems all right now, doesn' t it?(3) this,that, 或those,these 時(shí)，附加疑問句中主語 用 it 和 they.This is a good idea, isn' t it?三、陳述部分含有 seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little,nowher

3、e, nothing等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí)，反義疑問句部分要 用肯定形式.但陳述部分是 含否定前綴或后綴的詞，陳述部分 仍按肯定處理，所以義疑問部分仍用否定形式.There are few apples in the basket, are there?He can hardly swim, can he?They seldom come late, do they?He looks unhappy, doesn't he?The girl dislikes history, doesn't she?四、There be句型反義疑問句中主語也用there,反義疑問部分用 be動(dòng)詞

4、 + there.There are some apples in the basket, aren't there?五、當(dāng)陳述部分為并列句時(shí)， 反義疑問句要和就近的分句主語和謂語保持一致.He is a teacher but his wife isn ' t a teacher, sheWe must start at once or we can' t gethere on time, can we?六、當(dāng)陳述部分為主從復(fù)合句時(shí)：反義疑問句部分一般與主句的主語和謂語動(dòng)詞保持一致，She says that I did it, doesnthe?但也有特例：A.陳述

5、句的 主語是第一人稱,謂語動(dòng)詞是 think, believe, suppose,fancy, imagine, expect,后接賓語從句時(shí)，反意疑問句應(yīng)對(duì)賓語 從句進(jìn)行提問。I don' think he can finish the work, can he?I don ' t expect that she would come, would she?I imagine that the students like her, don' t they?I don ' t believe she knows it, does she?B當(dāng)陳述句的主語是第二，

6、第三人稱，謂語動(dòng)詞是think, believe,suppose, fancy, imagine, expect后接賓語從句時(shí) ,反意疑問句應(yīng)對(duì)主句進(jìn)行提問。Mary thinks you will come to the meeting, doesn' t she?You don' t think English is important, do you?You think she is a good teacher, don' t you?Your brother thinks that you can do the job well, doesn' t h

7、e?七、陳述部分帶有 must幾種用法1. must表“必須”時(shí)，疑問部分用needn't.I must answer the letter, needntI?2. must be表示推測時(shí)，反義疑問部分用be的適當(dāng)形式.She must be a student, isntshe?3. mustn't表禁止時(shí),反義疑問用 must作助動(dòng)詞.The children mustn'tplay in the street, must they?孩子禁止在街上玩，對(duì)嗎？4. 陳述謂語部分是 must+have+過去分詞時(shí)，如果句中有一個(gè)表 示過去的時(shí)間狀語，則反義疑問句用di

8、d作助動(dòng)詞；如果沒有 表示過去的時(shí)間狀語，則 用have作助動(dòng)詞.It must have rained last night, didn'tit?She must have arrived there, hasn ' t she?八、陳述部分含有used to（過去常常），疑問部分用 usedn't/didn '.The old man used to smoke, usednt/didn 'the?主謂一致定義：主語與謂語動(dòng)詞之間數(shù)的一致.一. 語法一致原則：1. 主語是 a series of, a kind of, a piece of, a p

9、air of+n 時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).（因?yàn)楸硎菊w概念）This pair of glasses is made in Hangzho u.2. a number of +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；thenumber of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).The number of pigs he owns is twenty, but a number of them died yesterda y.3.以-s結(jié)尾的國名、地名或?qū)W科名書名作主語時(shí)，形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，但是謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).Mathematics is the science of numbers.5. 主語后 有 w

10、ith, but, together with, along with, accompaniedby, except rather than, besides, as well as等短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞 數(shù)要和這些短語前面的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致.Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.My license， rather than my credit cards，was lostMr Green besides his daughtersikes sports.格林先生和他的女兒都喜歡體育。6.A.由and和bothand連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語

11、，如指的是 復(fù)數(shù)概念，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，Mr . and Mrs . Smith are engineers 史密斯夫婦是工程師。 Fire and water do not agree .水火不相容。Both coffee and beer are on sale in the shop.店里出售咖啡 和啤酒。B如果and連接的兩個(gè)詞是指同一個(gè)人、同一事物或同一概念，則謂語動(dòng)詞必須用單數(shù).如常作為一個(gè)整體概念來看待的組合有下面這些，謂語用單數(shù)。bread and butter 黃油面包bread and cheese涂奶酪的面包a knife and fork 畐 U刀叉a watch a

12、nd chain 一只系有表帶的手表a cart and horse 一輛馬車needle and thread 針線law and order法律和秩序Bread and butter is her favorite food.黃油面包是她最喜歡吃的食物。Trial and error is the source of our knowledge反復(fù)實(shí)驗(yàn)（不斷摸索）是我們知識(shí)的來源。The teacher and writer is her friend.（這位教師兼作家是她的朋 友）比較'My frie nd and lawyer has caught a very bad col

13、d我的律師，同樣也是我的朋友，得了重感冒。My frie nd and my lawyer have caught a bad cold.我的朋友和我的律師兩人都得了重感冒。6. many a/more than one+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).7. more+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+than one，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù).二. 意義一致原則1.表示金錢、時(shí)間、度量、距離、價(jià)格等復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，往往可根據(jù)意義一致的原則，把這些復(fù)數(shù)名詞看作一個(gè)整體。謂語動(dòng)詞采用單數(shù)形式。如：Six months is too short to learn anything.Fifty minutes isn ' t

14、enough to finish thiS50e分鐘完成這個(gè)測 試是不夠的。Ten miles seems like a long walk to me 對(duì)我來說， 10 英里步行 似乎很遠(yuǎn)。2. 集合名詞與謂語動(dòng)詞的一致(1)集合名詞作主語，如果 表示整體概念，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) 形式；如 表示成員則用復(fù)數(shù)。常見的這部分名詞有：army，audience, class club，committee, company，crowd，family， group，government, organization， party， personnel, public， staff， team， union，

15、 crew等。如：Our football team is playi ng w我們的足球隊(duì)踢得很好。Our football team are hav ing baths and are the n coming back here for supper 我們的足球隊(duì)員們正在洗澡，然后將回到這吃晚飯。My family is very large 我的家庭很人。His family are waiting for him 他的家人在等他。三. 就近一致原則1.由 eitheror,neithernor,notbut,not onlybutalso等連接的并列主語，謂語動(dòng)詞要與靠近的主語的單復(fù)數(shù)形 式保持一致Either the teacher or the students are to blame .或者老 師或者學(xué)生們應(yīng)受到指責(zé)。Not only the students but also their teacher doesn' t know about it.2.在倒裝句及there be, here be結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動(dòng)詞往往與最靠近 的一個(gè)主語保持一致.On th