1、 一、實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康模?1) 理解編譯時(shí)的多態(tài)性和運(yùn)行時(shí)的多態(tài)性。 2) 掌握運(yùn)算符重載的基本方法。 3) 掌握虛函數(shù)的定義與使用方法。二、實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容及方法：1）定義一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)類Complex，并重載運(yùn)算符+、-、*、/和負(fù)號(hào)（用友元函數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)）2) 定義一個(gè)有理數(shù)類，并重載運(yùn)算符+、-、*、/（用成員函數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)）。 class Rational public: /構(gòu)造函數(shù) Rational(int num1=0，int den1=1); /重載運(yùn)算符 const operator+(const Rational r)； const operator-( const Rational r)； const o

2、perator*( const Rational r)； const operator/( const Rational r)； private： /定義一個(gè)有理數(shù)num為分子，den為分母 int num, den； ； 3) 定義一個(gè)類Animal，該類中可以存放動(dòng)物的名字，并有一個(gè)Identify函數(shù)用于顯示動(dòng)物的種類。 4) 定義兩個(gè)類Cat、Dog，都繼承自Animal，并重載Identify函數(shù)，不但要顯示動(dòng)物的種類，還要顯示動(dòng)物的名字。 5) 定義一個(gè)Tiger類，繼承自Cat，重載Identify函數(shù)，顯示動(dòng)物的種類和名字。 三、實(shí)驗(yàn)程序如下：1、#include<ios

3、tream.h>class complexpublic:complex() real=imag=0;complex(double r) real=r;imag=0.0;complex(double r,double i)real=r;imag=i;friend complex operator+(complex,complex); friend complex operator-(complex,complex);friend complex operator*(complex,complex);friend complex operator/(complex,complex);frie

4、nd complex operator-(complex &); void Display();private:double real,imag;complex operator+(complex c1,complex c2)complex t;t.real=c1.real+c2.real;t.imag=c1.imag+c2.imag;return t;complex operator-(complex c1,complex c2)complex t;t.real=c1.real-c2.real;t.imag=c1.imag-c2.imag;return t; complex oper

5、ator*(complex c1,complex c2)complex t;t.real=c1.real*c2.real-c1.imag*c2.imag;t.imag=c1.real*c2.imag+c1.imag*c2.real;return t; complex operator/(complex c1,complex c2)complex t; t.real=(c1.real*c2.real+c1.imag*c2.imag)/(c1.real*c1.real+c1.imag*c2.imag);t.imag=(c2.real*c1.imag-c1.real*c2.imag)/(c1.rea

6、l*c1.real+c1.imag*c2.imag);return t;complex operator-(complex &c)complex t;t.real=-c.real;t.imag=-c.imag;return t;void complex:Display()cout<<real;if(imag>0)cout<<"+"if(imag!=0)cout<<"i"<<endl;void main()complex c1(5.0,2.4),c2(3.0,-2.5),c3;c3=c1+c2;

7、cout<<"c3="c3.Display();c3=c1-c2;cout<<"c3="c3.Display();c3=c1*c2;cout<<"c3="c3.Display();c3=c1/c2;cout<<"c3="c3.Display();c3=-c1;cout<<"c3="c3.Display();2、#include <iostream.h>#include <math.h>class Rational

8、public: /構(gòu)造函數(shù) Rational(int num1=0,int den1=1); /重載運(yùn)算符 const Rational operator+(const Rational &r); const Rational operator-( const Rational &r); const Rational operator*( const Rational &r); const Rational operator/( const Rational &r); /重載輸出符 friend ostream& operator <<(os

9、tream& outs,const Rational &r); private: /定義一個(gè)有理數(shù)num為分子，den為分母 int num, den; void Reduction (); /約分;Rational:Rational(int num1/* =0 */,int den1/* =1 */) num = num1; den = den1;const Rational Rational:operator+(const Rational& r) Rational temp; temp.den = this->den * r.den; temp.num =

10、this->num * r.den + this->den * r.num; temp.Reduction(); return temp;const Rational Rational:operator-(const Rational& r) Rational temp; temp.den = this->den * r.den; temp.num = this->num * r.den - this->den * r.num; temp.Reduction(); return temp;const Rational Rational:operator*(

11、const Rational& r) Rational temp; temp.den = this->den * r.den; temp.num = this->num * r.num; temp.Reduction(); return temp;const Rational Rational:operator/(const Rational& r) Rational temp; temp.den = this->den * r.num; temp.num = this->num * r.den; temp.Reduction(); return tem

12、p;void Rational:Reduction() int i,z; if (den=0) cout<<"data error"<<endl; z=den>num?den:num; for(i=2;i<=sqrt(z);i+) while(den%i=0 && num%i=0)/here den=den/i; num=num/i; ostream& operator<<(ostream& outs, const Rational& r) outs<<r.num<<"/"<<r.den<<endl; return outs;int main() Rational r1(1,2),r2(1,3); cout<<"r1:"<<r1; cout<<"r2:"<