1、2009年MBA全國聯(lián)考英語部分試題及參考答案英語試題2009年1月MBA聯(lián)考英語真題及參考答案PartIVocabularyandStructure(10%)Direction:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithapencil.1. Thepoorl

2、adywastooanddistressedtotalkaboutthetragedy.A.engagedB.exhaustedC.ignorantD.energetic2. Atfist,thefamouspaintingdoesn'timpresstheaudienceatall.A.glanceB.gazeC.stareD.view3. Delegatesagreetotheplanin,butthereweresomedetailstheydidn'tapprove.A.disciplineB.theoryC.principleD.nature4. Itooktheme

3、dicine10minutesago,butthebitternessisstillinmymouth.A.scatteringB.fellingC.maintainingD.lingering5. Sincetheofhumanhistory,humanbeingshavebeenaskingquestionslike"Whatistheessenceoflife."A.duskB.dustC.twinkleC.Dawn6. Theeldestsonallthefamilymemberstodiscusshowtocelebratethe50thweddingannive

4、rsaryoftheirparents.A.ClusteredB.resembledC.assembledD.rendered7.Imustleavenow,ifyouwantthatbookI'LLbringityoutomorrow.A.AccidentallyB.IncidentallyC.OccasionallyD.Subsequently8. Mymotherisalightsleeper,toanysoundevenaslowasthehummingofmosquito.A.alertB.acuteC.keenD.immune9. Thenewlybuiltfactoryi

5、sinurgentneedofanumberofskilledandworkers.A.consistentB.consciousC.confidentialD.conscientious10. Asanoutstandingscholar,hehasbecometotheresearchteam.A.seniorB.juniorC.indispensibleC.independent11. Sixteendaysaftertheearthquake,40people,intheirvillage,wererescued.A.trappedB.confinedC.enclosedD.captu

6、red12. Workingfarawayfromhome,Jerryhadtofromdowntowntohisofficeeveryday.A.wanderB.commuteC.rambleD.motion13. Thefinanceministerhasnotbeensosinceheraisedtaxestoanunbearablelevel.A.famousB.favorableC.popularD.preferable14. Itisunimaginableforsomeoneinsuchahighinthegovemmenttobehavesobadlyinpublic.A.si

7、tuationB.positionC.professionD.appointment15. Informationgiventoemployeesmustbe,clearandineasy-to-followlanguage.AconvenientBcontinuousCconstantDconcise16. Johnwasveryupsetbecausehewasbythepolicewithbreakingthelaw.A.sentencedB.arrestedC.accusedD.charged17. Davidlikescountrylifeandhasdecidedfarming.A

8、.goinforB.gobackonC.goalongwithD.gothroughwith18. Jenniferhasneverreallyherson'sdeath.It'sveryhardtoacceptthefacethatshe'llneverhaveachild.A.cometotermswithB.comeupagainstC. comeoutwithD. comedownto19. AnationaldebateisnowaboutwhetherweshouldreplacegoldenweekswithpaidVacations.A.intheway

9、B.bythewayC.underwayD.outoftheway20. Whenapsychologistdoesageneralexperimentaboutthehumanmind,heselectspeopleandasksthemquestions.A. ateaseB.atrandomB. inessenceD.insumIn1999,thepriceofoilhoveredaround$16abarrel.By2008,ithad2Lthe$100abarrelmark.Thereasonsforthesurge22fromthedramaticgrowthoftheeconom

10、iesofchinaandIndiatowidespread23inoil-producingregions,includingIraqandNigeria'sdeltaregion.Triple-digitoilpriceshave24theeconomicandpoliticalmapoftheworld,25_someoldnotionsofpower.Oil-richnationsareenjoyinghistoricgainsandopportunities,26majorjmportersincludingchinaandIndia,hometoathirdofthewor

11、ld'spopulation-27rising_economicandsocialcosts.Managingthisneworderisfastbecomingacentral28ofglobalpolitics.Countriesthatneedoilareclawingateachotherto29scarcesupplies,andarewillingtodealwithanygovernment,30howunpleasant,todoit.Inmanypoornationswithoil,theprofitsarebeing,losttocorruption,31jthes

12、ecountriesoftheirbesthopefordevelopment.Andoilisfuelingenormousinvestmentfundsrunbyforeigngovernments,32_someinthewestseeasanewthreat.CountrieslikeRussia,VenezuelaandIranarewellsuppliedwithrisingoil33,_achangereflectedinnewlyaggressiveforeignpolicies.Butsomeunexpectedcountriesarereapingbenefits,34_c

13、osts,fromhigherprices.ConsiderGermany.35itimportsvirtuallyallitsoil,ithasprosperedfromextensivetradewithaboomingRussiaandtheMiddleEast.GermanexportstoRussia36128percentfrom2001to2006.IntheUnitedStates,asalreadyhighgaspricesrose37_higherinthespringof2008,theissuecroppedupinthepresidentialcampaign,wit

14、hSenatorsMcCainandObama38_forafederalgastaxholidayduringthepeaksummerdrivingmonths.Anddrivinghabitsbeganto39,assalesofsmallcarsjumpedandmasstransportsystems40thecountryreportedasharpincreaseinriders.21. A.comeB.goneC.crossedD.arrived22. A.coveredrangedB.discoveredC.arrangedD.23. A.intensityB.infinit

15、yinstabilityC.insecurityD.24. A.drawnreviewedB.redrawnC.retainedD.25. A.fightingthreateningB.strugglingC.challengingD.26. A.and27. A.confineconfront28. A.problem29. A.lookfor30. A.nomatterspiteof31. A.abolishingeliminatingB. whileB.conflictB.questionC. thusC.conformC.matterB.lockupC.B. whatifB.depri

16、vingC. onlyifD. thoughD.D.eventsendoutD.inD.keepoff32.A.whatC.destroyingD.B.thatC.whichD.whom33.A.interestsB.taxesC.incomesD.revenues34.A.asmanyasB.asgoodasC.asfarasD.aswellas35.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.SinceD.As36. A.advancedB.grewC.reducesD.multipliedratherD.fairly37. A.evenB.stillC.38. A.askingB.requ

17、estingC.callingD.demanding39. A.changeB.turnC.shiftD.transform40. A.forB.fromC.acrossD.overPartIIIReadingComprehension(40%)Direction:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

18、ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithapencil.PASSAGE1.HenricIbsen,authoroftheplay"ADoll'sHouse",inwhichapretty,helplesshousewifeabandonsHerhusbandandchildrentoseekamoreseriouslife,wouldsurelyhaveapproved.FromJanuaryIst,2008,allpubliccompaniesinNorwayareobligedtoensureth

19、atatleast40%oftheirboarddirectorsarewomen.Mostfirmshaveobeyedthelaw,whichwaspassedin2003.Butabout75outofthe480orsocompaniesitaffectsarestilltoomaleforthegovernment'sliking.TheywillshortlyreceivealetterinformingthemthattheyhaveuntiltheendofFebruarytoact,orfacethelegalconsequences-whichcouldinclud

20、ebeingdissolved.Beforethelawwasproposed,about7%ofboardmembersinNorwaywerefemale,accordingtotheCentreforCorporateDiversity.Thenumberhassincejumpedto36%.Thatisfarhigherthantheaverageof9%forbigcompaniesacrossEuropeorAmerica's15%fortheFortune500.Norway'sstockexchangeanditsmainbusinesslobbyoppose

21、thelaw,asdomanybusinessmen."Iamagainstquotasforwomenormenasamatterofprinciple,"saysSverreMunck,headofinternationaloperationsatamediafirm."Boardmembersofpubliccompaniesshouldbechosensolelyonthebasisofmeritandexperience,"besays.Severalfirmshaveevengivenuptheirpublicstatusinordertoe

22、scapethenewlaw.Companieshavehadtorecruitabout1,000womeninfouryears.ManycomplainthatithasbeenDifficulttofindexperiencedcandidates.Becauseofthis,someofthebestwomenhavecollectedasmanyas25-35directorshipseach,andareknowninNorwegianbusinesscirclesasthe"goldenskirts".Onereasonforthescarcityistha

23、ttherearefairlyfewwomeninmanagementinNorwegiancompanies-theyoccupyaround15%ofseniorpositions.Ithasbeenparticularlyhardforfirmsintheoil,technologyandfinancialindustriestofindwomenwithaenoughexperience.Somepeopleworrythattheirrelativelackofexperiencemaykeepwomenquietonboards,andthatInturncouldmeanthat

24、boardsmightbecomelessabletoholdmanagerstoaccount.RecenthistoryinNorway,however,suggeststhattherightwomencanmakestrongdirectors."Womenfeelmorecompelledthanmentodotheirhomework,"saysMsRekstenSkaugen,whowasvotedNorway'schairmanoftheyearfor2007,"andwecanaffordtoaskthehardquestions,bec

25、ausewomenarenotalwaysexpectedtoknowtheanswers."41. TheauthormentionsIbsen'splayinthefirstparagraphinorderto.A. depictwomen'sdilemmaatworkB. explainthenewlypassedlawC. supportNorwegiangovernmentD. introducethetopicunderdiscussion42. Apubliccompanythatfailstoobeythenewlawcouldbeforcedto.A

26、. payaheavyfineB. closedownitsbusinessC. changetoaprivatebusinessD. signadocumentpromisingtoact43. TowhichofthefollowingisSverreMunckmostlikelytoagree?A. Asetratioofwomeninaboardisunreasonable.B. Areasonablequotaforwomenatworkneedstobeset.C. Acommonprincipleshouldbefollowedbyallcompanies.D. Aninexpe

27、riencedbusinessmanisnotsubjecttothenewlaw.44. Theauthorattributesthephenomenonof"goldenskirts"to.A. thesmallnumberofqualifiedfemalesinmanagementB. theover-recruitmentoffemalemanagersinpubliccompaniesC. theadvantagewomenenjoywhencompetingforseniorpositionsD. thediscriminationtowardwomeninNo

28、rwegianbusinesscircles45. Themainideaofthepassagemightbe.A. femalepowerandliberationinNorwayB. thesignificanceofHenricIbsen'splayC. women'sstatusinNorwegianfirmsD. theconstitutionofboardmembersinNorwayPASSAGE2.Whilethere'sneveragoodagetogetcancer,peopleintheir20sand30scanfeelparticularly

29、isolated.Theaverageageofacancerpatientatdiagnosisis67.Childrenwithcanceroftenaretreatedatpediatric（小兒科的）cancercenters,butyoungadultshaveatoughtimefindingpeers,oftensittingside-by-sideduringtreatmentswithpeoplewhocouldbetheirgrandparents.InhernewbookCrazySexyCancerTips,writerKrisCarrlooksatcancerfrom

30、theperspectiveofayoungadultwhoconfrontsdeathjustasshe'sdiscoveringlife.Ms.Carrwas31whenshewasdiagnosedwithararefromofcancerthathadgeneratedtumorsonherliverandlungs.Ms.Carrreactedwiththenormalfeelingsofshockandsadness.Shecalledherparentsandstockeduponorganicfood,determinedtobecomea"full-time

31、healingaddict."Thenshepickedupthephoneandcalledeveryoneinheraddressbook,askingiftheyknewotheryoungwomenwithcancer.Theresultwasherownpersonal"cancerposse":arockconcerttourmanager,amodel,afashionmagazineeditor,acartoonistandaMTVcelebrity,tonameafew.Thisclubof"cancerbabes"offer

32、edsupport,adviceandfashiontips,amongotherthings.Ms.CarrputhercancerexperienceinarecentLearningChanneldocumentary,andshehaswrittenapracticalguideabouthowshecoped.Cancerisn'tfunny,butMs.Carroftenis.Sheswears,shemakesupnamesforthepeoplewhotreather(Dr.FabulousandDr.Guru),andsheevenmakessecondsoundfu

33、n("cancerroadtrips,"shecallsthem).Sheleavesthemedicaladvicetodoctors,insteadofferinginsightfulandpracticaltipsthatreflecttheworldviewofayoungadult."Irefusedtoletcancerruinmyparty,"shewrites."Therearejusttoomanycoolthingstodoandplanandlivefor."Ms.Carrstillhascancer,butit

34、hasstoppedprogressing.Hercancertipsincludeusingtime-savingmasse-mailstokeepfriendsinformed,sewingorbuyingfashionablehospitalgownssoyou'renotstuckwithregulationblueorgrayandplayingGloriaGaynor's"IWillSurvive"soloudyouneighborscallthepolice.Ms.Carralsoadvisesaneyebrowwaxandanewoutfit

35、beforeyoutelltheimportantpeopleinyourillness."peopleyoutellaregoingtocautiousandnotsocautiouslytrytoseethecancer,sodazzletheminsteadwithyourmiracle,"shewrites.Whileheradvicemaysoundsuperficial,itgetstotheheartofwhateverycancerpatientwants:thechancetolivelifejustasshealwaysdid,andmaybebette

36、r.46. Whichofthefollowinggroupsismorevulnerabletocancer?A. Children.B. Peopleintheir20sand30s.C. Youngadults.D. Elderlypeople.47. AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT.A. KrisCarrisafemalewriterB. KrisCarrismorethan31-year-old.C. KrisCarrworksinacancercenter.D. KrisCarrisveryoptimistic.48. Thephr

37、ase"cancerposse"(Line4,para.3)probablyreferstoA. acancerresearchorganizationB. agroupofpeoplewhosufferfromcancerC. peoplewhohaverecoveredfromcancerD. peoplewhocopewithcancer49. KrisCarrmakeupnamesforthepeoplewhotreatherbecauseA. sheisdepressedandlikesswearingB. sheisfunnyandlikesplayingjok

38、esondoctorC. shewantstoleavethemedicaladvicetodoctorD. shetriestoleaveagoodimpressionondoctor50. FromKrisCarr'scancertipswemayinferthatA. shelearnedtousee-mailsaftershegotcancerB. shewearsfashionabledressevenaftersufferingfromcancerC. hospitalgownsforcancerpatientsareusuallynotinbrightcolorsD. t

39、heneighborsareveryfriendlywithcancerpatientsPASSAGE。3Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Shouldaleaderstrivetobelovedorfeared?Thisquestion,famouslyposedbyMachiavelli,liesattheheartofJosephNye'snewbook.Mr.Nye,aformerdeanoftheKennedySchoolofGovemmentatHarvardandone-timechairmanofAmerica&#

40、39;sNationalIntelligenceCouncil,isbestknownforpromotingtheideaof"softpower",basedonpersuasionandinfluence,asacounterpointto"hardpower",basedoncoercion（強(qiáng)迫）andforce.Havinganalyzedtheuseofsoftandhardpowerinpoliticsanddiplomacyinhispreviousbooks,Mr.Nyehasnowturnedhisattentiontotherel

41、ationshipbetweenpowerandleadership,inboththepoliticalandbusinessspheres.Machiavelli,henotes,concludedthat"oneoughttobebothfearedandloved,butasitisdifficultforthetwotogotogether,itismuchsafertobefearedthanloved."Inshort,hardpowerispreferabletosoftpower.Butmodemleadershiptheoristshavecometot

42、heoppositeconclusion.Thecontextofleadershipischanging,theobserve,andthehistoricalemphasisonhardpowerisbecomingoutdated.Inmodemcompaniesanddemocracies,powerisincreasinglydiffusedandtraditionalhierarchies（等級(jí)制）arebeingundermined,makingsoftpowerevermoreimportant.Butthatdoesnotmeancoercionshouldnowtakeab

43、ackseattopersuasion.Mr.Nyeargues.Instead,headvocatesasynthesisofthesetwoviews.TheconclusionofThePowerstoLead,hissurveyofthetheoryofleadership,isthatacombinationofhardandsoftpower,whichhecalls”smartpower”,isthebestapproach.Thedominanttheoreticalmodelofleadershipatthemomentis,apparently,the“transforma

44、tionalleadershippattern”.Anoneallergic（反感）tomanagementermwillalreadyberunningfortheexit,butMr,Nyehasperformedavaluableserviceinroundingupandsummarizingthevariousacademicstudiesandtheoriesofleadcrishipintoasingle,slimvolume.Heexaminesdifferentapproachestoleadership,themoralityofleadershipandhowthewid

45、ercontextcandeterminetheeffcctivenessofaparticularleader.Thereareplcntyofanccdotesandexamples,bothhistoricalandcontemporary,politicalandcorporate.Alsa,leadershipisaslipperysubject,andashedepictsvarioustheories,evenMr.Nyeneverquitenailsthejellytothewall.Heisathismostinterestingwhendiscussingthemorala

46、spectsofleadershipinparticular,thequestionofwhetheritissometimesnecessaryforgoodleaderstolie-andheprovidesahelpful12-pointsummaryofhisconclusions.Arecumingthemeisthatascircumstanceschange,differentsortsofleadcrsarerequired;aleaderwhothrivesinoneenvironmentmaystruggleinanother,andviceversa.Ultimately

47、thatisjustafancywayofsayingthatleadcrshipoffersnocasyanswers.51.FromthefirsttwoparagraphswemaylearnthanMr.Machiavelli'sideaofhardpoweris.A.wellacceptedbyJosephNyeB.veryinfluentialtillnowadaysC.basedonsoundtheoriesD.contrarytothatofmodemleadershiptheorists52.Whichofthefollowingmakessoftpowermorei

48、mportanttodayaccordingtoMr.Nye?A.Coercioniswidespread.B.Moralityisdevalued.C.Powerisnolongerconcentrated.D.Traditionalhierarchiesarestrengthened1.1 InhisbookthePowerstolead,Mr.NyehasexminedallthefollowingaspectsofleadershipEXCEPT.A.authorityB.contextC.approachesD.morality54 .Mr.Nye'sbookispartic

49、ularlyvaluableinthatit.A.makeslittleuseofmanagementtermsB.summarizesvariousstudiesconciselyC.servesasanexitforleadershipresearchersD.setsamodelforcontemporarycorporateleaders55 .Accordingtotheauthor,themostinterestingpartofMr.Nye'sbookliesinhis.A.viewofchangeableleadershipB.definitionofgoodleade

50、rshipC.summaryofleadershiphistoryD.discussionofmoralleadershipPASSAGE4Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Americansdon'tliketolosewars.Ofcourse,alotdependsonhowyoudefinejustwhatawaris.Thereareshootingwars-thekindthattestpatriotismandcourage-andthosearethekindatwhichtheU.Sexcels.Butother

51、strugglestestthosequalitiestoo.WhatelsewastheGreatDepressionorthespaceraceortheconstructionoftherailroads?IfAmericanindulgeinabitofflagwhenthejobisdone,theyearnedit.Nowthereisasimilarchallenge.Globalwarming.Thesteadydeterioration（惡化）oftheveryclimateofthisveryplanetisbecomingawarofthefirstorder,andby

52、anymeasure,theU.S.producesnearlyaquarteroftheworld'sgreenhousegaseseachyearandhasstubbornlymadeitclearthatitdoesn'tintendtodoawholelotaboutit.Although174nationsapprovedtheadmittedlyflawedKyotoaccordstoreducecarbonlevels,theU.S.walkedawayfromthem.Therearevaguepromisesofmanufacturingfuelfromhe

53、rbsorpoweringcarswithhydrogen.Butforacountrythattightlycitespatriotismasoneofitscorevalues,theU.S.istakingapassonwhatmightbethemostpatrioticstruggleofall.It'shardtoimagineabiggerfightthanoneforthesurvivalofacountry'scoastsandfarms,thehealthofitspeopleandstabilityofitseconomy.Therubis,iftheva

54、stmajorityofpeopleincreasinglyagreethatclimatechangeisaglobalemergency,there'sfarlessagreementonhowtofixit.Industryoffersitspans,whichtoooftenwouldfixlittle.Environmentalistsoffertheirs,whichtoooftenamounttonativewishliststhatcouldweakenAmerican'sgrowth.Butlet'sassumethatthoseinterestedp

55、artiesandotherswillalwaysbentthetableandwillalwaysdemandthattheirvoicesbeheardandthattheirneedsbeaddressed.Whatwouldanaggressive,ambitious,effectiveplanlooklike-onethatwouldleavetheU.S.bothenvironmentallysafeandeconomicallysound?Haltingclimatechangewillbefarharder.Oneofthemoreconservativeplansforadd

56、ressingtheproblemcallsforareductionof25billiontonsofcarbonemissionsoverthenext52year.Andyetbydevisingaconsistentstrategythatmixesandblendspragmatism(實(shí)用主義)withambition,theU.S.can,withoutmajordamagetotheeconomy,helphalttheworsteffectsofclimatechangeandensurethesurvivalofitswayoflifeforfuturegeneration

57、s.Moneywilldosomeofthework,butwhat'sneededmostiswill."I'mnotsayingthechallengeisn'talmostoverwhelming,"saysFredKrupp."ButthisisAmerica,andAmericahasrisentothesechallengesbefore."56. Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A. Humanwars.B. Economiccrisis.C. America'senviron

58、mentalpolicies.D. Globalenvironmentingeneral.57. Fromthelastsentenceofparagraph2wemaylearnthatthesurvivalofacountry'scoastsandfarms,thehealthofitspeopleandthestabilityofitseconomyis.A. ofutmostimportanceB. afightnoonecanwinC. beyondpeople'simaginationD. alesssignificantissue58. Judgingfromth

59、econtext,theword"rub"(Line1,Para.3)probablymeans.A. frictionB. contradictionC. conflictD. problem59. Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardAmerica'spoliciesonglobalwarming?A.CriticalB. IndifferentC. SupportiveD. Compromising60. Theparagraphsimmediatelyfollowingthispassagewouldmostprobablydealwith.A. thenewbookwrittenbyFredKruppB. howAmericacanfightagainstglobalwarmingC.