1、被動語態(tài)和動詞被動語態(tài)和動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)不定式的被動語態(tài)Unit 2 GrammarDiscovering useful structuresGo over the passive voice My hamburger was eaten by the dog.A new hospital will be built in our city. 被動語態(tài)由被動語態(tài)由be+過去分詞構(gòu)成，過去分詞構(gòu)成，be隨時(shí)態(tài)的變化而變化。隨時(shí)態(tài)的變化而變化。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is/are + P.P The classroom is cleaned .一、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成一、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成一般過去

2、時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)：was/were + p.pThese computers were made in our own country.一般將來時(shí)：一般將來時(shí)：will/shall be + p.pShall we be asked to attend the opening ceremony?過去將來時(shí)：過去將來時(shí)：would be + p.pThe news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as it arrived.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/are being +p.pTrees are being planted ove

3、r there by them. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/were being + p.pThe feast was being prepared when the birds arrived in the sky.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have/has been +p.p Swift progress has also been made in culture and education.過去完成時(shí)：過去完成時(shí)：had been + p.p The huge bridge had been damaged before the World War II.將來完成時(shí)：將來完成時(shí)：wi

4、ll/shall have been +p.pThe book will have been published by the end of next month.含有情態(tài)動詞的動詞變成被動語態(tài)：情含有情態(tài)動詞的動詞變成被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞態(tài)動詞 + be + 過去分詞過去分詞This problem can be solved. 這問題可解決。這問題可解決。Whats done cannot be undone. 覆水難收。覆水難收。二、動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)二、動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)一般時(shí)一般時(shí) to be done完成時(shí)完成時(shí) to have been doneI perfer to be l

5、eft at home rather than go shopping.The river is reported to have been polluted.1. The dishes need 2. The mail needs right away.washsendto be washed. to be sent 三、不定式的主動形式表示被動三、不定式的主動形式表示被動1. 在在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中。結(jié)構(gòu)中。There is a lot of homework to do.(也可用也可用to be done)There is no time to lose (to be lost).2

6、. 在在“n + be + adj. + to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中。常用的形容詞有結(jié)構(gòu)中。常用的形容詞有easy，difficult，hard，impossible，nice，pleasant，light，heavy，interesting，important，expensive，cheap，fit，dangerous等。等。He is hard to convince.3. 在在“too to do; enough to ”結(jié)構(gòu)中。結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：如：The problem is too difficult to work out (to be worked out).The house i

7、s big enough to live in.4. 在在“with + n. + to do”結(jié)構(gòu)中。結(jié)構(gòu)中。With nothing to do, he lay in bed.With so many exercises to do, I cant go to the cinema.5. 一些作表語用的不定式的主動形式。一些作表語用的不定式的主動形式。常見的這類動詞有常見的這類動詞有l(wèi)et (出租出租), rent，hire, blame等等。The house is to let.I felt I was to blame.用被動語態(tài)改換下列各句。用被動語態(tài)改換下列各句。1. My fa

8、ther will repair my bike for me.My bike will be repaired by my father for me.2. I have found my wallet.My wallet has been found.3. She told me to wait here for her.I was told to wait here for her.4. The police will surely arrest the murderer.The murderer will surely be arrestedby the police.5. They

9、invited Mr. Green to make a speech.Mr. Green was invited to make a speech.6. The students clean their classroom every day.Their classroom is cleaned by the students every day.7. You mustnt take those books out of the reading-room.Those books mustnt be taken out of the reading-room.8. I didnt tell yo

10、u the girl could do the job.You werent told by me that the girl could do the job.9. Do people speak English in your country?Is English spoken in your country?10. He gave me a present.I was given a present. A present was given to me.11. Mother often tells her children a story at bed time.Children are often told a story at bed time by mother.A story is often told by mother to children at bed time.1. Knives _ (use) for cutting things. 2. The building _ (build) in 1987.3. Nuclear energy _ (use) to produce electricity by us. 4. Several big modern power plants _ _ (build) in our city next ye