1、直接引語變間接引語定義：我們轉述別人的話時，可以引用別人的原話，被引用的部分稱為直接引語；用自己的話轉述別人的話叫間接引語。這兩種引語都是賓語從句，但是直接引語放在引號內(nèi)，不用連詞聯(lián)接；間接引語不用引號，通常用連接詞與主句聯(lián)接一、直接引語變間接引語時句式的變化1. |陳述句變?yōu)橐詔hat引導的賓語從句例：Hesaid,“rmveryglad.”fHesaidhewasveryglad.2. 一般疑問句變?yōu)閕f(whether)引導的賓語從句。例：Hesaid,“Canyoucomethisafternoon,John”fHeaskedJohncouldcomethatafternoon.3.

2、特殊疑問句變?yōu)橛蓋ho,what,when,why,where等特殊疑問詞引導的賓語從句例：Hesaid,“WhereisMr.Wang”fHeaskedwhereMr.Wangwas.Tomsaystome,whatfooddoyoulikebest.”fTomasksmefoodIlikebest4. 祈使句變間接引語時，要變成ask/tell/ordersb(not)todosth。Ourparentstoldus“LearnEnglisl我們的父母告訴我們：把英語學好??！”O(jiān)urparentstoldusEnglishwell.我們的父母告訴我嗎要把英語學好。Theteachersai

3、dtome,“Don'treadthatnovel!”Theteacherasked/toldmethatnovel.Ourparentstoldus,“Neverdow父母告訴我們：不要做錯事！”O(jiān)urparentstoldusnevertodowrong.我們的父母告訴我們不要做錯事。人稱的變化點撥】人稱的變化一般遵循一同主，二隨賓，三不變”這一原則例如：“wenttotheGreatWallyesterday,LiH”asaid.fLiHuasaidthathehadgonetotheGreatWallthedaybefore.“'cometohelpyouwheneve

4、ryouneedmyhelp”heinsweredher.fHeansweredherthathewouldcometohelpherwheneversheneededhishelp.Shesaidtome,Yourpronunciationisbetterthanhis.”fShetoldmethatmypronunciationwasbetterthanhis.三、時態(tài)變化主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時，從句的謂語動詞在時態(tài)方面要做相應的變化，總的原則是向過去推一個時態(tài)時態(tài)的變化例句般現(xiàn)在時f一般過去時Shesaid,needacalculator.”fShesaidthatsheneeded

5、acalculator.現(xiàn)在進行時f過去進行時Jimsaid,“1'mexpectingalongdistaneecall.fJimsaidthathewasexpectingalongdistaneecall.般將來時f過去將來時Nancysaid,“I'llcallagainlater.”fNancysaidthatshewouldcallagainlater.一般過去時f過去完成時Hesaid,“Itookithomewithme.”fHesaidthathehadtakenithomewithhim.現(xiàn)在完成時f過去完成時Paulsaid,“Ourteamhaswont

6、hematch.”fPaulsaidthattheirteamhadwonthematch.過去完成時f過去完成時Hesaid,“1hadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforesupper.fHesaidthathehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforesupper.四、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化變化形式例句指示thisfthatShesaid,“Sheiscomingthisweek.”fShesaidthatshewascomingthatweek.代詞thesefthoseHesaid,“Thesebooksaremine.”fHesaidtho

7、sebookswerehis.nowfthenHesaid,“It'steno'clocknow.”fHesaidthatitwasteno'clockthen.時todayfthatdayHesaid,“1haven'tseenhertoday.”fHesaidthathehadn'tseenherthatday.間tonightfatnightShesaid,“1'IIcomeagaintonight.”fShesaidthatshewouldgoagainthatnight.狀yesterdayfthedaybeforeHesaid,“Th

8、ishappenedyesterday.”fHesaidthatthishadhappenedthedaybefore.ThreedaysagofthreedaysbefoShesaid,“1arrivedtwodaysago.”refShesaidthatshehadarrivedtwodaysbefore.語tomorrowfthenextdaythefollowingdayShesaid,1”bebacktomorrow.”fShesaidthathewouldbebackthenextday.nextweekfthenextweekShesaid,“1'lldoitnextwe

9、ek.”fShesaidthatshewoulddoitthenextweek.地占狀語herefthereShesaid,IcameheretoseeTom.”fShesaidthathehadgonetheretoseeTom.動詞come/bringfgo/takeHesaid,“1broughtithomewithme.”fHesaidhehadtakenithomewithhim.【拓展延伸】直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時時態(tài)不作改變的情況 主句的謂語動詞為現(xiàn)在或將來時態(tài)，從句的時態(tài)無需變化例如:Hesays,“I'mtired.”fHesaysthatheistired.Hewil

10、lsay,“Theboywaslazy.”fHewilltellyouthattheboywaslazy. 當直接引語是客觀真理時，不受時間的限制，因此不需要變化時態(tài)。Ourgeographyteachersaidtous,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”fOurgeographyteachertoldusthattheearthgoesroundthesun. 直接引語是一般過去時，并且和具體的過去時間連用，時態(tài)不作改變Shesaid,“Iwastno1995.”fShesaidthatshewasbornin1995.【典型例題】(1) CanyoutellmeA.wh

11、atthematterisB.whatmatteritisC.what'sthematterD.thematteriswhat(2) Thephysicsteachersaidtheeartharoundthesun.A.ismovingB.movedC.hadmovedD.moves【語法專練】1. Motheraskedtheyoungestkidwithhiscar.A.whatthematterB.WhatwasthematterC.whatthematterisD.whatisthematter2. Thetouristaskedtheguidewhathevisitthen

12、extday.A.wasgoingtoB.willC.isgoinginD.isto3. Theteachertoldusthatlight_fasterthansound.A.traveledB.hadtraveledC.istraveling4. Tomhankstoldhisteacherthathebornin1968.A.wasB.hadbeenC.isD.hasbeen5. LindaaskedAmy_shecouldtellherthegeneralideasofthepoem.A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.how6. Mybrothersaidtome,“I&#

13、39;mgoingtohaveaholidaynextweek.”Mybrothergoingtohaveaholidaythenextweek.7. Mothersaidtome,“Whatareyoudoingintheroom”Motheraskedmeintheroom.asked,“CanIborrowyourbike”Heaskedborrowmybikesaidtome,“Doyoulikefootball”Tomaskedmefootballsaidtome,“Iwentovermylessonslastnight.”Shetoldmeoverherlessonsthenigh

14、tbefore.附：UnitI短語歸納1. 做個好朋友tobeagoodfriend2. 做下列調查makethefollowingsurvey3. 合計總分addupthescore4. 得分getpoints5. 心煩意亂地來到學校cometoschoolupset6. 不理睬鈴聲ignorethebell7. 使你那個德國朋友平靜下來calmdownyourGermanfriend8. 關心你朋友beconcernedaboutyourfriend(s)9. 松開了getloose10. 不得不去戶外遛狗havegottowalkthedogoutdoors11. 幫他期末考試作弊hel

15、phimcheatintheend-of-termexam12. 歹U出理由makealistofreasons/listthereasons13. 記下一連串的請求setdownaseriesofrequests14. 根據(jù)問卷調查accordingtothequestionnaire15. 根據(jù)編輯的忠告accordingtotheeditor'sadvice16. 為了分擔你的困難inordertoshareyourdifficulties/troubles17. 與老板相愛fallinlovewiththeboss18. 與我的同桌相處融洽getalong/onwellwith

16、mydeskmate19. 關心青少年beconcernedaboutteenagers20. 為了和老板面對面地交流inordertocommunicatewiththebossfacetoface21. 信任政府trust/believeinthegovernment22. 經(jīng)歷了太多的戰(zhàn)爭gothroughtoomanywars23. 相鄰的城鎮(zhèn)neighboringtowns24. 相鄰的國家neighboringcountries直接引語變間接引語練習題一、將所給直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語，每空一詞：1. “Inevereatmeat.”hesaid.Hesaidthatnevermeat

17、.2. “I'vefoundmywallet.”hesaidtome.Hemethathewallet.3. “Itookithomewithme.”shesaid.Shesaidthatithomewithher.4. Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.Theteachersaidthatthesunintheeastanddowninthewest.5. “Imetheryesterday.”hesaidtome.Hemethathemettheday.6. “Youmustcomeherebefore

18、five.”hesaid.HesaidthatItogobeforefive.7. “Iboughtthehouse10yearsago.”hesaid.Hesaidthatheboughtthehouse10years.8. “Didyouseeherlastweek”hesaid.HeIhadseenhertheweek.9. Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”HeJimthathesitthere.10. Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother”Heaskedhermotherfoundit.11. “Wherehaveyoubeenthese

19、days”heasked.Heaskedmebeendays.12. “Doyouknowwhereshelives”heasked.Heaskedknewwhereshe.13. “Stopmakingsomuchnoise,children.”hesaid.Hethechildrenmakingsomuchnoise.shesaid.14. “Don'ttellhimthenews.Shetoldmehimthenews.15. “Iamhavingsupper,”hesaid.Hesaidthathavingsupper.16. “I'veseenthefilm,”Gin

20、asaidtome.Ginamethatshethefilm.17. “Iwenthomewithmysister,”shesaid.Shesaidthathomewithhersister.18. “Keepquiet,children.”hesaid.Hethechildrenquiet.20.“Don'tlookoutofthewindowesaid.”shShetoldmeoutofthewindow.家庭作業(yè)1. “Iamhavingsupper,”hesaid.Hesaidthathavingsupper.2. “I'veseenthefilm,”Ginasaidtome.Ginamethatshethefilm.3. “Iwenthomewithmysister,”shesaid.Shesaidthathomewithhersister.4. Theteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.”Theteachersaidthatthesunbig