1、動名詞用法鞏固練習(xí)一、單項選擇1. Eversincemychildhood,Ihavedreamedofaheavysnowinmyhometowninwinter.A.therebeB.therebeingC.therewillbeD.being2. LittleTomadmittedintheshop,thathewouldn'tdothatinfuture.A.tohavestolen;promisingB.stealing;promisedC.tostealing；promisedD.havingstolen；promising3. Asaresultoftheearthqu

2、ake,twothirdsofthebuildingsinthearea.A.needrepairingB.needsrepairingC.needstoberepairedD.needtorepair4. Somethingassimpleasvegetablesinchildhoodmayhelptoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessinlaterlife.A.toeatB.eatingC.tobeeatingD.eaten5. Livinginthedormitorymeanstotakecareofyourself,understandeachother&#

3、39;sdifferencesandshareinterests.A.tolearn；commonB.1earning；ordinaryC.tolearn；ordinaryD.1earning；common6. Thedriverbrakedhardtoavoidachildcominginhisway.A.hitB.tohitC.hittingD.tohavehit7. Heisnowatlosswhethertoquitthepillsmakinghimgainweight.A.a:totakeB./:takingC.a;beingtakenD.a;taking8. Itdoesn'

4、;tmakesenseafter.Youshouldcheerupandpracticehardinstead.A.tocomplain；beingdefeatedB.complain；defeatingC.complain；beingdefeatedD.tocomplain；defeating9. wellinaninterviewwillbeanimportantpartofgettingaplaceatuniversity.A.DoB.DoingC.DoneD.Beingdone10. HewastheofficialaccusedlastNovemberan18-year-oldgir

5、lintoarestaurantbathroomandrobbingherofherhandbag.A.withfollowingB.offollowingC.tofollowingD.tofollow11. Thetimeandefforthehasdevotedduringthepastfewyearstreesinthatremoteareaisnowconsideredtobeofgreatvalue.A.toplantingB.toplantC.plantD.planting12. DoesShellylikeshopping?Well,shewouldratherspendtime

6、athomethaninthestreet.A.read；wanderB.reading；wanderC.inreading；towanderD.reading；towander13. You'bettercutyourhairshort.Ourschooldoesn'tlonghair.A.approveofstudentswearingB.approvestudentstowearC.approvestudentswearingD.approveofstudentstowear14. Althoughthelivingconditionswerepoorinthemount

7、ain,XuBenyustilldevotedhisenergiestohisstudentsofdifferentages.A.teachB.havingtaughtC.teachingD.beteaching15. Heneverdreamtofforhimtobesentabroadverysoon.A.beingachanceB.therebeingachanceC.theretobeachanceD.there'sachance16. Thescientistwasrewardedbythegovernmentforsuchagreatcontributiontothecou

8、ntry.A.makeB.makingC.beingmadeD.havingmade二、完形填空閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從115各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Howlongcanhumanbeingslive?Mostscientistswhostudyoldagethinkthatthehumanbodyis1tolivenolongerthan120years.However,110yearsisprobablythelongestthatanyonecouldhopetoliveifheorsheis2healthyandlucky.Somes

9、cientistsevensaywecanliveaslongas130years!Yet,ourcellssimplycannotcontinuetoreproduce3.Theywearout,andasaresult,wegetoldand4die.Eventhoughwecan'tliveforever,wearelivinga5lifethaneverbefore.In1900,theaverageAmericanlifespan（壽命）wasonly47years,buttodayitis75years!Whendoesoldagebeginthen?Sixty-fivem

10、aybeout-of-dateasthe6linebetweenmiddleageandoldage.Afterall,manyolderpeopledon'begintoexperiencephysicalandmental7untilafterage75.Peoplearelivinglongerbecausemorepeople8childhood.Beforemodernmedicinechangedthelawsofnature,manychildrendiedofcommonchildhood9.Nowthatthechancesofdying10aremuchlower,

11、thechancesoflivinglongaremuchhigherduetobetterdietsandhealthcare.Onthewhole,ourpopulationisgettingolder.The11inourpopulationwillhavegollastingeffectsonoursocialdevelopmentandourwayoflife.Somepeoplefearsuchchangeswillbefortheworse,whilesomesee12,notdisaster,manymenandwomenintheiryears“arehealthy,stil

12、lactive,andyoungin13ifntinage.Asthesocietygrowsold,weneedthe14ofouroldercitizens.Withlonglivesaheadofthem,theyneedto15activeanddevoted.1.A.designedB.selectedC.improvedD.discovered2.A.completelyB.generallyC.apparentlyD.extremely3.A.rapidlyB.harmlesslyC.endlesslyD.separately4.A.eventuallyB.hopelesslyC

13、.automaticallyD.desperately5.A.busierB.longerC.richerD.happier6.A.finishingB.guidingC.waitingD.dividing7.A.stressB.damageC.declineD.failure8.A.surviveB.enjoyC.rememberD.value9.A.problemsB.fearsC.worriesD.diseases10.A.poorB.youngC.sickD.quiet11.A.changesB.recoveryC.safetyD.increases12.A.dreamsB.chanc

14、esC.strengthsD.choices13.A.mindB.appearanceC.voiceD.movement14. A.protectionB.suggestionsC.contributionsD.permission15. A.soundB.appearC.turnD.stay三、閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項A、B、C、D中，選出最佳選項。IfEnglishmeansendlessnewwords,difficultgrammarandsometimesstrangepronunciation,youarewrong.Haven'tyounoticedth

15、atyouhavebecomesmartersinceyoustartedtolearnalanguage?AccordingtoanewstudybyaBritishuniversity,learningasecondlanguagecanleadtoanincreaseinyourbrainpower.Researchersfoundthatlearningotherlanguageschangesgreymatter.Thisistheareaofthebrainwhichprocessesinformation.Itissimilartothewaythatexercisebuilds

16、muscles.Thestudyalsofoundtheyoungerpeoplelearnasecondlanguage,thebettertheeffectis.AteamledbyDr.AndreaMechelli,fromUniversityCollegeLondon,tookagroupofBritonswhoonlyspokeEnglish.Theywerecomparedwithagroupof“earlybilingualswhohiadlearntasecondlanguagebeforetheageoffive,aswellasanumberoflaterlearners.

17、Scansshowedthatgreymatterdensity(密度)inthebrainwasgreaterinbilingualsthaninpeoplewithoutasecondlanguage.Butthelongerapersonwaitedbeforemasteringanewlanguage,thesmallerthedifferencewas.''Ourfindingssuggestthatthestructureofthebrainischangebytheexperienceoflearningasecondlanguage；”saidthescient

18、ists.Itmeansthatthechangeitselfincreasestheabilitytolearn.ProfessorDylanVaughanJonesoftheUniversityofWales,hasresearchedthelinkbetweenbilingualismandmathsskills.Havingtwolanguagesgivesyoutwowindowsontheworldandmakesthebrainmoreflexible.'hesaid.Youareactuallygoingbeyondlanguageandhaveabetterunder

19、standingofdifferentideas.''ThefindingswerematchedinastudyofnativeItalianspeakerswhohadlearnedEnglishasasecondlanguagebetween2and34.Reading,writing,andcomprehensionwerealltested.Theresultsshowedthattheyoungertheystartedtolearn,thebetter.Studyingalanguagemeansyougetanentrancetoanotherworld,&qu

20、ot;explainedthescientists.1. Themainsubjecttalkedaboutinthispassageis.A. scienceonlearningasecondlanguageB. man'sabilityoflearningasecondlanguageC. findingsthatlanguagelearningcanhelpbrainpowerD. 1anguagelearningandmathsstudy2. Thelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphisintendedto.A. saylanguagelearni

21、ngisalsoakindofphysicallaborB. provethatoneneedsmorepracticewhenhe(she)islearningalanguageC. showtheimportanceofusingitwhenyoulearnalanguageD. makepeoplebelievelanguagelearninghelpsgreymatterworkwell3. Wemayknowfromthescientificfindingsthat.A. theearlieryoustarttolearnasecondlanguage,thehigherthegre

22、ymatterdensityisB. thereisnodifferencebetweenalatersecondlanguagelearnerandonewhodoesn'tknowasecondlanguageC. theexperienceoflearningasecondlanguagehasbadeffectonpeople'sbrainD. theabilityoflearningasecondlanguageischangingallthetime4. Theunderlinedword“bilinguals"probablymeans.A. resea

23、rchersonlanguagelearningB. peoplewhoaregoodatlearningforeignlanguagesC. peoplewhocanspeaktwolanguagesD. activelanguagelearnersBThevaluesofartisticworks,accordingtoculturalrelativism（相對主義）,aresimplyreflectionsoflocalsocialandeconomicconditions.Suchaview,however,failstoexplaintheabilityofsomeworksofar

24、ttoexcitethehumanmindacrossculturesandthroughcenturies.HistoryhaswitnessedtheendlessproductionsofShakespeareanplaysineverymajorlanguageoftheworld.ItisneverraretofindthatMozartpacksJapaneseconcerthalls,asJapanesepainterHiroshigedoesParisgalleries.Uniqueworksofthiskindaredifferentfromtoday'spopula

25、raetveniftheybeganasworksofpopularart.Theyhavesetthemselvesapartintheirtimelessappealandwillprobablybeenjoyedforcenturiesintothefuture.Ina1757essay,thephilosopherDavidHumearguedthatbecause“thegeneralprinciplesoftasteareuniform（不變的）inhumannature”,thevalueofsomeworksofartmightbeessentiallypermanent.He

26、observedthatHomerwasstilladmiredaftertwothousandyears.Worksofthistype,hebelieved,spoketodeepandunvaryingfeaturesofhumannatureandcouldcontinuetoexistovercenturies.Nowresearchersareapplyingscientificmethodstothestudyoftheuniversalityofart.Forexample,evolutionarypsychologyisbeingusedbyliteraryscholarst

27、oexplainthelong-lastingthemesandplotdevicesinfiction.Thestructuresofmusicalpiecesarenowopentoexperimentalanalysisasneverbefore.Researchfindingsseemtoindicatethatthecreationbyagreatartistisaspermanentanachievementasthediscoverybyagreatscientist.5. Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowaboutculturalrelati

28、vism?A. Itintroducesdifferentculturalvalues.B. Itexplainsthehistoryofartisticworks.C. Itrelatesartisticvaluestolocalconditions.D. Itexcitesthehumanmindthroughouttheworld.6. InParagraph2,theartistsarementionedinordertoshowthat.A. greatworksofartcangobeyondnationalboundariesB. historygivesartworksspec

29、ialappealtosetthemapartC. popularartsarehardlydistinguishablefromgreatartsD. greatartistsareskilledatcombiningvariouscultures7. AccordingtoHume,someworksofartcanexistforcenturiesbecause.A. theyareresultsofscientificstudyB. theyestablishsomegeneralprinciplesofartC. theyarecreatedbytheworldreatestarti

30、stsD. theyappealtounchangingfeaturesofhumannature8. Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthepassage?A. AreArtisticValuesUniversal?B. ArePopularArtsPermanent?C. IsHumanNatureUniform?D.IsCulturalRelativismScientific?四、短文改錯下面短文中共有10處錯誤，每句最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。IamsoexcitingthatIcan'twaittosh

31、arewithyouwhatIexperiencedtoday.Igavemyfirstlessoninourschool,whichleftmethedeepimpression.WhenIenteredintotheclassroom,mystudentsbegantomakemuchnoise.Istoodontheplatform,notknowwhattodonext.ButsoonIrealizedeverythingmustbedone.IaskedthekidsthattheylikedEnglishsongs.TheyallsayYes."IsangasongIha

32、dpracticedmanytimes.Tomygreatsurprise,allthekidsturnedtheirattentionstomyclass.FromthisexperienceIknowhoweverhappens,wemuststaycalmlyfirstandfindawisesolution.五、語法填空HiI'mKennyGandIamveryexcitedtotalktoyouaboutmynewlineofsaxophones.NowI'mreallypassionateaboutthesaxophone,_1_(obvious)it'sb

33、eenreallyrgreiatforsbeenthecenterofmylife.IalwaysthinkaboutmyselfwhenIfirststartedas_2_student.WhatifIhadgottenareallyreallybadsaxophoneandIwasn(inspilrebiletoMayb_3_Iwouldn'tbesittingheretoday.IwantedtomakeasaxophonethatstudentscouldpickupanditbeaulifisllyoingtoplayThatisnotthateasy_4_(do),beca

34、usemostofthesaxophones_5_aremadeforstudentsaren'tthatgood,tobehonest_6_you.So_7_wedidiswetookallofthequalitiesoftheprofessionalsaxthatIhavebeenplayingforever,addedthemodernimprovementsthat_8_(happen)sinceIgotmysaxophonesfortyyearsago_9_cameupwithasaxophonethatisasgoodasor_10_(good)thananysaxopho

35、neoutthere.Thisisprettymuchaprofessionalqualitysaxophone,righthere,theoneinmyhands.Thisisourstudentsaxophone,soaffordable,sothestudentscanstartoffontherightfoot.(2)DidyouknowthatinthemountainsitcanstarttosnowinAugust?Itsnowsthroughthefallandwinter._1_,inspring,whenallthatsnowmelts,waterfallsdownthem

36、ountainsides.Streams(M流)formandcome_2_toformrivers.Let'sfollowoneoftheriversinUtah.TheBearRiverbeginsnearly13,000feet_3_inthemountains.Itendsonly90miles_4_,butitwillhavedroppedabout9,000feetfirst!Themostsurprisingthingaboutthisriveriswhere_5_ends.Ifyoulookatamap,youwillseethatnearlyallrivers_6_(

37、empty)intothesea.But_7_thewateroftheBearRiver.ThisriverflowsintotheGreatSaltLake,thelargestlakeintheWest.Theriversandstreamsthatflowintothelakebring_8_themabouttwomilliontonsofsalteachyear.Andnofreshwaterflowsawayfromthelake._9_,thesummersunevaporates(蒸發(fā))thefreshtsinkinit,nomawater,_10_(leave)thesal

38、tbehind.Thelakewaterissosaltythatyoucanhowhardyoutry.六、書面表達假定你是李華，幾天前收到美國朋友Jack的Email,他略懂中文，最近聽說在中國流行一種名叫“光盤行動”的活動，詢問“光盤”是否就是音樂CD之類？請根據(jù)一下提示，用英語給他回復(fù)一封電子郵件，做簡要解釋，要點如下：1 .“光盤行動”和音樂CD無關(guān)；2 .這是一種提倡用餐節(jié)約、減少浪費的活動；3 .自己對這項活動的看法；4 .提示：Jack認為的"光盤行動"可以用GuangpanCampaign表示。DearJack,Gladtoreceiveyoure-mai

39、l.答案與解析一、單項選擇1. B。句意：從童年起，我就夢想著家鄉(xiāng)的冬天下一場大雪。此處為therebe句式的變形。介詞of后要接“名詞/代詞/動名詞”，而不能接從句，所以B項正確。2. Do第一空admitted后面應(yīng)該用動名詞，排除A和C兩項，第二空promising是現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，與其邏輯主語littleTom之間是主動關(guān)系，據(jù)此選D項。3. Aoneed表示“需要”時，后面接動名詞的主動形式表示被動含義，或接不定式的被動形式，即needdoing或needtobedone。當(dāng)“幾分之幾+of+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時，一般應(yīng)根據(jù)of后的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)"th

40、ebuildings”可知應(yīng)用need。因此A項正確。4. B。空格前的as為介詞，其后的動詞應(yīng)用其動名詞形式。句意：童年時像吃蔬菜這樣簡單的事也許后來會幫助你預(yù)防嚴重的疾病。5. D。meandoingsth.表示“意味著"，meantodosth.表示“打算做某事”，結(jié)合語義可排除A、C兩項；commoninterests的意思是“共同的興趣愛好”，符合語義。6. Co此處謂語動詞avoid跟動名詞作賓語，類似的動詞與詞組還有enjoy,suggest,imagine,consider,dislike,risk,insiston,getusedto,can'thelp等，

41、據(jù)止匕選C項。7. Do句意：對于是否停服使他長胖的藥物，他感到很茫然。ata10ss為固定用法，意為“茫然，不知所措"；quit（停止，放棄）后要接doingsth.作賓語。8. Ao根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，it在句中作形式主語，動詞不定式作真正的主語，由此可以排除B、C兩項；根據(jù)語義可知，you與defeat是動賓關(guān)系，即要用被動形式，由此可以排除D項，故選A項。9. Bo句子缺少主語，所以此處用動名詞作主語，其他選項都不能充當(dāng)主語，所以這里選B項。10. Bo句意：他就是去年11月份被指控尾隨一名18歲的女孩子進入一家飯店的洗手間并搶劫了她的手提包的那位官員。accused.作the

42、official的定語，相當(dāng)于whowasaccused-：accusesb.ofdoingsth.意為“指控某人做某事"，故答案為B項。11. Ao句意：人們認為他在過去的幾年里在那個偏遠的地區(qū)為植樹所花的時間和付出的努力是非常有價值的。題干中hehasdevotedduringthepastfewyearsinthatremotearea為定語從句，先行詞是Thetimeandeffort,將先行詞代入定語從句后為：Hehasdevotedthetimeandefforttoplantingtreesinthatremoteareaduringthepastfewyears由此可

43、知答案為A項。12. Bo句意：一Shelly喜歡購物嗎？一哦，與在大街上閑逛相比，她更愿意花時間在家里讀書。根據(jù)wouldratherdothando句型，可知第二空應(yīng)該用wander,故排除C、D兩項；另外，根據(jù)"spend+一段時間（+in）+doingsth.",可知第一空需用reading,故答案為B項。13. A。句意：你最好把頭發(fā)剪短，我們學(xué)校不贊成學(xué)生留長發(fā)。approve常與of連用表示“同意，贊成"，approveof中of是介詞，故后面需使用wearing,students和wearing一起構(gòu)成介詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。14. Co句意：盡管山區(qū)生活

44、條件艱苦，徐本禹仍然把他所有的精力都用在教不同年齡的學(xué)生身上?？疾閐evoteone'senergiestodoingsth.表示“把某人所有的精力用在做某事上“。havingtaught表示"已經(jīng)教成"，不符合題意。15. B。句意：他從來沒有夢想過他這么快就有機會被派出國。考查therebe句型的非謂語形式。therebe句型的非謂語形式有兩種：theretobe;therebeing。因為在本句中therebe位于介詞of之后，所以選therebeing的形式，等同于介詞后要用-ing的用法。如：Wewanttheretobeameetingtodiscuss

45、thequestion.我們希望召開一次會議來討論這個問題。因為want后面要加不定式，所以用theretobe的形式。16. Do句意：那個科學(xué)家因為對國家作出了巨大的貢獻而被政府授獎。havingmade是動名詞的完成式，表示該動作先于主句的謂語動詞wasrewarded完成。二、完形填空這篇短文講述的是人的壽命隨著社會的發(fā)展，生活水平的提高，比以前長了很多，從而人口老齡化的情況也出現(xiàn)了，我們的社會需要老年人繼續(xù)保持積極的心態(tài)，為社會做貢獻。1. Ao根據(jù)句意可知，科學(xué)家們認為人體的結(jié)構(gòu)決定了人最多不會活過120歲，所以選Aodesign設(shè)計，結(jié)構(gòu)；select選擇，精選；improve改

46、善，提高；discover發(fā)現(xiàn)。2. Do句意：但是，110歲可能是人們希望能活的最長的壽命，如果他非常健康和幸運。completely完全地；generally一般地；apparently顯然地；extremely極其，非常。根據(jù)句意可知，一個人非常地健康而且幸運，才有希望活到110歲。3. Co從上文科學(xué)家的三個數(shù)字可知人的壽命是有限的，所以我們的細胞不能無休止地再生，所以選Corapidly快速地；harmlessly無害地；endlessly無窮地，永久地；separately分離地，分開地。4. Ao細胞慢慢消耗盡，結(jié)果我們就會變老最終死亡。eventually最后，最終；hopel

47、essly絕望地；automatically自動地；desperately絕望地。所以選A。5. Bo從上文可知，短文一直都在談的是人的壽命的長短，所以此句說的是我們的壽命比以前更長了。所以選B。當(dāng)然也是原詞重現(xiàn)了。6. Do句意：作為中年和老年的分界線，65歲可能已經(jīng)過時了。finishing完成；guiding指導(dǎo)，指引；waiting等待；dividing劃分。根據(jù)文意可知，65歲只能是中年和老年的分界線，不能是終點線，等候線。故選D。guide指導(dǎo)，指路。7. Co句意：畢竟，很多老年人直到75歲之后才開始經(jīng)歷身體和精神的衰減。stress壓力，壓迫；damage損壞；decline衰

48、落，下降；failure失敗。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)選C。8. A。句意：現(xiàn)在人們活得更長因為更多的人從童年中幸存下來。survive幸存；enjoy喜歡，欣賞；remember記得；value價值，估價。根據(jù)句意和下文Beforemodernmedicinechangedthelawsofnature,manychildrendiedofcommonchildhood.及下一個句子可知，應(yīng)該選A。9. D。句意：在現(xiàn)代醫(yī)藥改變了自然的法則之前，很多孩子死于常見的兒童疾病。problems問題；fears恐懼，害怕；worries擔(dān)心；diseases疾病。根據(jù)句意可知選D。10. Bo句意：既然年

49、少夭折的可能性更低了，那么活得更長的機會就更高了，因為有了更好的飲食和衛(wèi)生保健。dying(die)young表示年少死去”，填young對應(yīng)上文childhood,故選Bo11. Ao根據(jù)下文中Somepeoplefearsuchchangeswill可知，這里要說的是人口的結(jié)構(gòu)改變了，故選A。句意：人口結(jié)構(gòu)的改變會對我們社會的發(fā)展和我們的生活方式有持續(xù)的影響。change改變；recovery恢復(fù)；safety安全；increases增長，增力口。12. B。句意：一些人擔(dān)心這個改變將會帶來一些壞處，然而還有一些人看到的是機會，而不是災(zāi)難。因為while表示對比，not表示相反，從而推出應(yīng)

50、選B。dreams夢想；chances機會；strengths力量；choices選擇。13. Ao句意：現(xiàn)在，很多處在黃金年齡”的男士和女士，身體都非常健康，仍然積極，心態(tài)也很年輕。mind心態(tài)；appearance外表；voice聲音；movement移動。根據(jù)句意選A。14. Co句意：隨著我們的社會老齡化，我們需要這些老年公民們的貢獻。protection保護；suggestions建議；contributions貢獻；permission允許。根據(jù)文意可知，選C。貢獻可以包括建議，所以不選Bo15. D。句意：前面還有很長的壽命，他們需要保持積極的心態(tài)和奉獻的精神。sound聽起來；

51、appear好像；出現(xiàn)；turn轉(zhuǎn)，變成；stay保持。根據(jù)文意可知，應(yīng)選D。三、閱讀理解A篇：學(xué)習(xí)第二語言對大腦有促進作用，可以提高學(xué)習(xí)者的智力，而且第二語言的學(xué)習(xí)宜早不宜晚。1. Co作者在本文第一段中就提出了主題，然后下文圍繞這一主題進行深入闡述，即“語言學(xué)習(xí)可以提高你的智力”。2. Do作者在第二段中把語言學(xué)習(xí)對大腦的促進作用比作體育鍛煉對強健肌肉的促進作用，也就是說語言學(xué)習(xí)對大腦有類似的促進作用。再根據(jù)"Researchers.changesgreymatter.Thisistheareaofthebrainwhichprocessesinformation."可知語言學(xué)習(xí)對大月百的促進作用表現(xiàn)在促進greymatter上。3. Ao根據(jù)第五段可推出答案。由文章可知語言學(xué)習(xí)能夠提高智力，故B項錯誤。由最后一段可知C項錯誤，D項文中未提及。4. Co根據(jù)該詞后“whohadlearntasecondlanguage"可得出答案。B篇：本文是議論文。主要介紹了文化相對主義并非能解釋一部分藝術(shù)作品能夠跨文化跨世紀流行的原因。5. C