1、新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)13-14下學(xué)期下學(xué)期 Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks. Section A. 將活動(dòng)與圖片匹配將活動(dòng)與圖片匹配A. call upB. put up signsC. hand out noticesD. clean up the city parksE. visit sick children in the hospitalWarm-up 打掃打掃Phrasal verb1.clean up e up with3.put off 4.write down 5.put up 6.hand out7.call up8.

2、 cheer up提出提出推遲推遲寫下寫下張貼張貼 ，升起，建造，升起，建造分發(fā)分發(fā)召集召集使高興使高興 hope to do sth. spend doing cheer up need to do sth. put off (doing sth.) make a plancare for give up give out hand output up call up come up with “疑問詞疑問詞+不定式不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)Language Points1. I hope to work outside. 我希望在外面工作。我希望在外面工作?！咀灾黝I(lǐng)悟自主領(lǐng)悟】hope意為意為“希望

3、希望; 期望期望”, 后常接動(dòng)詞不定式后常接動(dòng)詞不定式, 構(gòu)構(gòu)成短語成短語“hope _sth. ”意為意為“希望做某事希望做某事”。例如。例如: I hope to see my pen pal, Lucy. 我希望見到我的筆友露西。我希望見到我的筆友露西。to do知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講【用法辨析用法辨析】hope與與wish“希望希望”不同不同 hopehope _sth. “希望做某事希望做某事”hope+ (that)從句從句“希望希望”, 常表示可以實(shí)常表示可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望現(xiàn)的愿望wishwish sb. sth. “希望某人希望某人”, 表示祝愿表示祝愿wish to do sth.

4、 “希望做某事希望做某事”wish sb. to do sth. “希望某人做某事希望某人做某事”wish + _“希望希望”, 常表示不可能常表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性較小的愿望實(shí)現(xiàn)或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性較小的愿望hope和和wish都可作名詞都可作名詞, 但但hope意為意為“希望希望”; wish意為意為“愿望愿望; 心愿心愿; 祝愿祝愿”。to do(that)從句從句【誤區(qū)警示誤區(qū)警示】 hope后可接不定式作賓語后可接不定式作賓語, 但不能接復(fù)合賓語。即我們可但不能接復(fù)合賓語。即我們可以表達(dá)為以表達(dá)為: hope to do sth. , 但不可以表達(dá)為但不可以表達(dá)為hope sb. t

5、o do sth. ?！炯皶r(shí)小練及時(shí)小練】 The volunteers hopesomething for the poor children in the Western areas. A. to do B. doing C. did D. doIyou to find a good job soon. A. hope B. wish C. hopes D. wishes2. You could help to clean up the city parks. 你可以幫著清潔城市公園。你可以幫著清潔城市公園。【自主領(lǐng)悟自主領(lǐng)悟】(1)could是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞, 無人稱和數(shù)的變化無人稱

6、和數(shù)的變化, 后后接接_。句中。句中could用于提出建議用于提出建議, 比比can語氣更為委語氣更為委婉。婉。此外此外, could還常用于有禮貌地向?qū)Ψ教岢鲆蠡蛘?qǐng)求。還常用于有禮貌地向?qū)Ψ教岢鲆蠡蛘?qǐng)求。(2)句中句中help作動(dòng)詞作動(dòng)詞, 意為意為“幫助幫助”, 后跟后跟_作賓語。作賓語。動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形不定式不定式【歸納拓展歸納拓展】help的不同詞性的不同詞性(1)作及物動(dòng)詞作及物動(dòng)詞, 意為意為“幫助幫助; 援助援助; 促進(jìn)促進(jìn); 對(duì)對(duì)有幫助有幫助”, 其其常見用法如下常見用法如下: 后常跟名詞、代詞后常跟名詞、代詞作賓語作賓語Let me help you. 讓我來幫你。讓我來

7、幫你。后常跟動(dòng)詞不定式后常跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語或賓語補(bǔ)足作賓語或賓語補(bǔ)足語語, 不定式符號(hào)不定式符號(hào)_可可省略省略Schools need volunteers to help children (to) read. 學(xué)校需要義務(wù)工作者幫助兒童閱讀。學(xué)校需要義務(wù)工作者幫助兒童閱讀。用于某些固定結(jié)構(gòu)用于某些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中中help sb. _ sth. “幫助某人做某事幫助某人做某事”; help _ to. . . “自用自用, 自取自取(食物、食物、飲料等飲料等)”; cant help _ sth. “忍不住忍不住; 情不自禁做某事情不自禁做某事”towithoneselfdoing(2)作名詞

8、作名詞, 意為意為“幫助幫助; 幫忙幫忙”, 常用作常用作_, 其常用短其常用短語為語為with the help of. . . “在在的幫助下的幫助下”。不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞3. We cant put off making a plan. 我們不能推遲制訂計(jì)劃。我們不能推遲制訂計(jì)劃?！咀灾黝I(lǐng)悟自主領(lǐng)悟】put off意為意為“推遲推遲; 拖延拖延”, 是由是由“動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+副詞副詞”構(gòu)構(gòu)成的短語動(dòng)詞成的短語動(dòng)詞, 其后可接名詞、代詞或其后可接名詞、代詞或_作賓語。作賓語。例如例如: We cant put off having the meeting. 我們不能推遲召開我們不能推遲召開這次

9、會(huì)議。這次會(huì)議。動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ing形式形式【歸納拓展歸納拓展】常見常見put構(gòu)成的短語構(gòu)成的短語 【活學(xué)活用活學(xué)活用】 因?yàn)榇笥晁麄儾坏貌煌七t舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。因?yàn)榇笥晁麄儾坏貌煌七t舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。They had to the sports meeting because of the heavy rain. 咱們把這幅畫貼在墻上吧。咱們把這幅畫貼在墻上吧。Lets the picture on the wall. 答案答案: put off havingput upIts a good habit toyour things in correct places. A. put awayB. put o

10、utC. put intoD. put on4. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning. 每星期六上午每星期六上午, 他在一家動(dòng)物醫(yī)院從事志愿工作。他在一家動(dòng)物醫(yī)院從事志愿工作?！咀灾黝I(lǐng)悟自主領(lǐng)悟】句中句中volunteer作動(dòng)詞作動(dòng)詞, 意為意為“義務(wù)做義務(wù)做; 自愿做自愿做”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)常用結(jié)構(gòu): volunteer sth. “自愿提供自愿提供(某物某物)”; volunteer _sth. “自愿做某事自愿做某事”。例如。例如: Both Lucy and Lily volunteer to help oth

11、ers. 露西和莉莉兩人都自愿幫助別人。露西和莉莉兩人都自愿幫助別人。to do【歸納拓展歸納拓展】volunteer不同詞性不同詞性volunteer作名詞作名詞, 意為意為“志愿者志愿者”, 復(fù)數(shù)形式為復(fù)數(shù)形式為volunteers。例如例如: More and more people want to be volunteers. 越來越多越來越多的人想成為志愿者。的人想成為志愿者?！净顚W(xué)活用活學(xué)活用】 He volunteers(visit) the sick children in hospital every weekend. We need some(volunteer) to h

12、elp clean up city streets. 答案答案: to visitvolunteers5. You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. 你可以請(qǐng)求醫(yī)院讓你看望孩子們并使他們高興起來。你可以請(qǐng)求醫(yī)院讓你看望孩子們并使他們高興起來?！咀灾黝I(lǐng)悟自主領(lǐng)悟】(1)ask sb. _sth. “要求某人做某事要求某人做某事”, 固定搭配固定搭配, ask后跟后跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如: Most parents ask their children to stud

13、y hard. 大部分父母要求孩子們努力學(xué)習(xí)。大部分父母要求孩子們努力學(xué)習(xí)。to do(2)let sb. _sth. “讓某人做某事讓某人做某事”, let后跟省略后跟省略to的不定式作的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如: Let me have a look. 讓我看一下。讓我看一下。(3)cheer up意為意為“(使使)變得更高興變得更高興; 振奮起來振奮起來”, 是由是由“動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+副副詞詞”構(gòu)成的短語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的短語動(dòng)詞, 當(dāng)代詞作賓語時(shí)當(dāng)代詞作賓語時(shí), 要放在動(dòng)詞和副詞要放在動(dòng)詞和副詞_。類似的短語動(dòng)詞還有。類似的短語動(dòng)詞還有: put up, fix up, call u

14、p, cheer up, write down, give out, hand out等。等。do中間中間【活學(xué)活用活學(xué)活用】 The teacher asked the students(listen) carefully in class. Lets(stop) to have a rest. Im tired. 答案答案: to listenstopThe boy looked sad. His mother was trying to. A. cheer up herB. cheer up himC. cheer her upD. cheer him up6. . . . but I

15、want to learn more about how to care for animals. 但我想更多地了解如何照顧動(dòng)物。但我想更多地了解如何照顧動(dòng)物?！咀灾黝I(lǐng)悟自主領(lǐng)悟】句中句中“how to care for animals”是是“_”結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語, 可以轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句how I can care for animals。疑問詞疑問詞+不定式不定式【歸納拓展歸納拓展】“疑問詞疑問詞+不定式不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)的用法結(jié)構(gòu)的用法(1)構(gòu)成構(gòu)成: “疑問詞疑問詞+不定式不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)是英語中常用的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)是英語中常用的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。疑問詞是指疑問代詞疑問詞是指疑問代詞“

16、who, whom, what, which, whose”和疑和疑問副詞問副詞“when, where, how”等。等。(2)句法作用句法作用: 這種結(jié)構(gòu)在句中常作主語、賓語和表語。當(dāng)此結(jié)這種結(jié)構(gòu)在句中常作主語、賓語和表語。當(dāng)此結(jié)構(gòu)作構(gòu)作賓語賓語時(shí)時(shí), 可與賓語從句進(jìn)行同義轉(zhuǎn)換?？膳c賓語從句進(jìn)行同義轉(zhuǎn)換。(3)可跟此結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語的常見動(dòng)詞有可跟此結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語的常見動(dòng)詞有tell, know, decide, show, ask, consider, discover, explain, learn, understand等。等。【活學(xué)活用活學(xué)活用】 請(qǐng)你告訴我如何使用這個(gè)電腦程序好嗎請(qǐng)你告訴我

17、如何使用這個(gè)電腦程序好嗎? Could you please tell me the computer program? 我們還沒有決定去哪里度假。我們還沒有決定去哪里度假。We havent decided on vacation. 問題是下一步該做什么。問題是下一步該做什么。The problem is next. 答案答案: how to usewhere to gowhat to do1.He couldnt _ an idea.2.After school, students _ the classroom.3.We have to _ the meeting because of

18、heavy rain.4.Young man, _! Dont cry for the over spilt milk.5.We could _ some signs to tell people about the book sale. come up withclean upput offcheer upput upI.Fill in the blanks with the phrasal verbs in the box.put up cheer up clean up put off come up with 知識(shí)點(diǎn)精練知識(shí)點(diǎn)精練II.填入所缺的詞完成對(duì)話填入所缺的詞完成對(duì)話A: _

19、would you like _ _ this weekend?B: Id like to at the local hospital.A: Really? Why?B: Id like to _up sick kids. We could go to the hospital to _them.A: Its a good idea. Could I _with you?B: Certainly. volunteerWhat to do cheervisit go他看起來很悲傷。我們讓他高興起來吧。他看起來很悲傷。我們讓他高興起來吧。 He _ _. Lets _ him _.我們需要提出一些

20、想法。我們需要提出一些想法。 We need _ _ _ _ some ideas.我們不能推遲制訂計(jì)劃。還有兩個(gè)星期就是清潔日了。我們不能推遲制訂計(jì)劃。還有兩個(gè)星期就是清潔日了。 We cant _ _ _ a plan. _ _ is only two weeks from now.我想加入學(xué)校志愿者項(xiàng)目，但我不知道我該做什么？我想加入學(xué)校志愿者項(xiàng)目，但我不知道我該做什么？ Id _ _ _ the school volunteer project, but I dont know _ _ _ _.looks sadcheer upto come up withput off making

21、Clean-Up Daylike to joinwhat I should doIII.完成句子完成句子. 從方框中選詞并用其適當(dāng)形式填空從方框中選詞并用其適當(dāng)形式填空give out, volunteer, make, teach, put up1. I hopekids in an after-school care center at the local primary school. 2. She couldfood to help the hungry people. 3. He couldin an old peoples home. 答案答案: 1. to teach2. give out3. volunteer當(dāng)堂達(dá)標(biāo)測(cè)試當(dāng)堂達(dá)標(biāo)測(cè)試4. They cant put offthe plan for the party. 5. You could helpsigns to tell people about the charity activity. 答案答案: 4. making 5. (to)put up. 單項(xiàng)選擇單項(xiàng)選擇1. Bob, you needyour bedroom. Its so dirty. Sorry,