1、Unit 7 English Vocabulary Task 1 Brainstorming Task 2 Surfing and Reporting Task 3 Watching and Retelling Task 4 Vocabulary PreviewYou will need a partner for this activity.1. Brainstorm a list of 10 words commonly used when discussing English vocabulary.2. There are many word attack skills in learn

2、ing English. Can you share your strategies with your partners and give some examples?3. Do you have any idea about the differences between British English and American English? Please give some examples.Task 1 BrainstormingUnit 7 Part I Task 11. Work in groups to find information on the Internet abo

3、ut the following terms.Task 2 Surfing and ReportingUnit 7 Part I Task 2A) British English and American English B) Old English, Middle English and Modern EnglishC) English Language and Chinese LanguageAnswers for reference:Unit 7 Part I Task 2 A) British English and American English American English

4、(AmE) is the form of English used in the United States. It includes all English dialects used within the United States. British English (BrE) is the form of English used in the United Kingdom. It includes all English dialects used within the United Kingdom. Written forms of American and British Engl

5、ish as found in newspapers and textbooks vary little in their essential features, with only occasional noticeable differences in comparable media. However, the spoken forms of British English vary considerably, reflecting a long history of dialect development amid isolated Task 3 Watching and Retell

6、ing1. Watch the video clip from My Fair Lady. Use the glossary below as a reference.plain 平原；草原平原；草原blasted 被摧毀的；該死的被摧毀的；該死的blistering 酷熱的酷熱的fare 遭遇；進展遭遇；進展majesty 雄偉；壯麗雄偉；壯麗despise 鄙視；輕視鄙視；輕視grandeur 莊嚴；偉大莊嚴；偉大weed 雜草雜草soggy 浸透的；沉悶的浸透的；沉悶的gown 禮服；長袍禮服；長袍hurricane 颶風；狂風颶風；狂風Unit 7 Part I Task 32. An

7、swer the questions in the following table according to what youve heard in the video clip .Unit 7 Part I Task 3QuestionsAnswersWhy did both the professor and Eliza have a headache at first?Eliza failed to speak with an upper class accent thoughshe practiced very hard. Both of them were tired of thet

8、raining in the midnight._Unit 7 Part I Task 3Why did they get excited then?What did the professor decide to do next?What were the men going to do the next morning?Eliza seemed all of sudden “got it” and could talk of “The rain in Spain stays mainly in the plain” with the expected accent._He decided

9、to try Eliza out in public and take her to therace._They would buy Eliza some elegant ladys gowns._ScriptUnit 7 Part I Task 3E: The rain in Spain. stays mainly in the plain. I cant! Im so tired! Im so tired.P: For Gods sake, Higgins, it must be 3 oclock in the morning. Do be reasonable.H: I am alway

10、s reasonable. Eliza, if I can go on with a blistering headache, you can.E: I got a eadache, too.H: I know your head aches. I know youre tired. I know your nerves are as raw as meat in a butchers window. But think what youre trying to accomplish. Just think what youre dealing with. The majesty and gr

11、andeur of the English language.Its the greatest Main Reading Text-Related Information Language Points Translation of the Texts Tasks Text-Related InformationUnit 7 Part II Main Reading1. Differences Between American and British English While there are certainly many more varieties of English, Americ

12、an and British English are the two varieties that are taught in most ESL/EFL programs. Generally, it is agreed that no one version is “correct”. However, there are certainly preferences in use. The most important rule of thumb is to try to be consistent in your usage. If you decide that you want to

13、use American English spellings then be consistent in your spelling. This is of course not always easy - or possible. The following guide is meant to point out the principal differences between these two varieties of English.Unit 7 Part II Main ReadingBritish EnglishAmerican EnglishIve just had lunch

14、.I just had lunch. / Ive just had lunch.Ive already seen that film.Ive already seen that movie. / I already saw that movie.Have you finished your homework yet?Have you finished your homework yet? / Did you finishyour homework yet?Unit 7 Part II Main Reading 2) Possession There are two forms to expre

15、ss possession in English: have or have got Do you have a car? Have you got a car? He doesnt have any friends. He hasnt got any friends.Unit 7 Part II Main ReadingBritish EnglishAmerican Englishon the weekendat the weekendon a teamin a teamplease write me soonplease write to me soonUnit 7 Part II Mai

16、n Readingburnburnt / burneddreamdreamt/ dreamedleanleant / leanedlearnlearnt / learnedsmellsmelt /smelledspellspelt / spelled6) Past simple/Past participles The following verbs have two acceptable forms of the past simple/past participle in both American and British English, however, the irregular f

17、orm is generally more common in British English (the first form of the two) and the regular form is more common to American English.Unit 7 Part II Main ReadingAmerican EnglishBritish Englishcolorcolourhumorhumourflavorflavourrecognizerecognisepatronizepatronise7) Spelling Here are some general diffe

18、rences between British and American spellings:Unit 7 Part II Main Reading The best way to make sure that you are being consistent in your spelling is to use the spell check on your word processor (if you are using the computer of course) and choose which variety of English you would like. As you can

19、 see, there are really very few differences between standard British English and standard American English. However, the largest difference is probably that of the choice of vocabularyand pronunciation.Unit 7 Part II Main Reading2. Uncle Sam Uncle Sam is a common national personification of the Amer

20、ican government originally used during the War of 1812. He is depicted as a stern elderly man with white hair and a goatee beard. Typically he is dressed in clothing that recalls the design elements of the flag of the United Statesfor example, a top hat with red and white stripes and white stars on

21、a blue band, and red and white striped trousers. The first use of Uncle Sam in literature was in the 1816 allegorical book The Adventures of Uncle Sam in Search After His Lost Honor by Frederick by Augustus Fidfaddy, Esq. Unit 7 Part II Main Reading3. Watergate Scandal The Watergate scandal was a po

22、litical scandal during the 1970s in the United States resulting from the break-in of the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate office complex in Washington, D.C. Effects of the scandal eventually led to the resignation of the President of the United States, Richard Nixon, on Au

23、gust 9, 1974, the only resignation of any U.S. President. It also resulted in the indictment, trial, conviction and incarceration of several Nixon administration officials.Unit 7 Part II Main Reading4. Movie My Fair Lady My Fair Lady is a 1964 musical film adaptation of the Lerner and Loewe stage mu

24、sical, of the same name, based on the 1938 film adaptation of the original stage play Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw. The ballroom scene and the ending were taken from the previous film adaptation (1938) (Pygmalion), rather than from the original play. The film was directed by George Cukor and sta

25、rred Audrey Hepburn and Rex Harrison. In this Broadway musical, Professor Henry Higgins takes a bet from Colonel Pickering that he can Unit 7 Part II Main Reading5. Winston Churchill Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was born on 30 November 1874 at Blenheim Palace in Oxfordshire. His father was the

26、prominent Tory politician, Lord Randolph Churchill. Churchill attended the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, before embarking on an army career. He saw action on the North West Frontier of India and in the Sudan. While working as a journalist during the Boer War he was captured and made a prisoner-

27、of-war before escaping. In 1900, Churchill became Conservative member of Language Points Unit 7 Part II Main Reading1. Americans frequenting the United Kingdom on business, or as students or tourists, always return with stories about “crazy” terms and embarrassing mix-ups involving misunderstood Bri

28、tish words, phrases, and even traditional symbols. (L1)Paraphrase:Americans who often travel to UK on business, or as students or tourists, always have crazy and embarrassing experience because they find words, phrases and even traditional symbols have different meanings in British English.【譯文譯文】經常到

29、英國出差的美國人，學生或觀光客，回到美經常到英國出差的美國人，學生或觀光客，回到美國后，無一例外的都會講起一些讓人國后，無一例外的都會講起一些讓人“抓狂抓狂”的術的術語和令人尷尬的混亂的事情，這包括不為美國人所語和令人尷尬的混亂的事情，這包括不為美國人所理解的英式英語詞匯、習語甚至傳統的象征意義。理解的英式英語詞匯、習語甚至傳統的象征意義。Unit 7 Part II Main ReadinglHe no longer frequents bars.e.g.1) frequentlMy girlfriend writes frequent letters to me.e.g. v. to be

30、 a regular or frequent visitor to a certain place adj. occurring or appearing quite often or at close intervalslEveryone had a good laugh, and soon we were all telling stories of our most embarrassing moments.e.g.2) embarrassing adj. causing to feel shame or chagrin or vexationUnit 7 Part II Main Re

31、adinglAll the children were involved in the school play.lThis lesson involves a lot of work.e.g.3) involve v.lDont involve other people in your trouble.lI enjoy getting involved in things in my community.e.g. to contain as a part; include to engage as a participantbe involved in 包含在包含在；與；與有關；被卷入；有關；

32、被卷入；專心地（做）專心地（做）be involved with 涉及涉及become involved in 卷入，陷入卷入，陷入get involved with 給給纏住纏住Unit 7 Part II Main ReadinglThe white bird is a symbol of freedom.lThe Dayan Pagoda is the symbol of Xian.e.g.4) symbol n. something that represents something else by association, resemblance, or convention, es

33、pecially a material object used to represent something invisibleUnit 7 Part II Main Reading2. Not so in England. In fact, there just the opposite is true. (L8)Paraphrase: It is not bad luck to have a black cat cross ones path in England. In contrast, it is goodluck to have a black cat cross ones pat

34、h in England.【譯文譯文】但是在英國不是這樣的。實際上，恰好相反。但是在英國不是這樣的。實際上，恰好相反。3. A vast number of differences, however, exist in our respective usages of English. (L11) Unit 7 Part II Main ReadingParaphrase: But there are a lot of differences between British English and American English.【譯文譯文】然而，在美式英語和英式英語的使用中，存在然而，在美

35、式英語和英式英語的使用中，存在著大量的差異。著大量的差異。lAll men have their respective duties.lHe drove them both to their respective homes.e.g.respective adj. relating to two or more persons or things regarded individually; particularUnit 7 Part II Main Reading【譯文譯文】4. Indeed, the British view was dryly expressed in the stag

36、e musical and movie My Fair Lady with “Americans havent spoken English in years.”(L12)In fact, the British view about the differences between the two dialects was expressed directly and coldly in the stage musical and movie My Fair Lady. British dont take English spoken by Americans as English at al

37、l.實際上，在舞臺音樂劇及電影實際上，在舞臺音樂劇及電影窈窕淑女窈窕淑女中，中，英國人對這個問題的看法表述得很直白，英國人對這個問題的看法表述得很直白，“美美國人這些年講的不是英語國人這些年講的不是英語”。Paraphrase:5. Emphasizing this belief, in 1993, the British Broadcasting Company expressed its distaste over the “pollution” of the Queens English by Uncle Sam with an order to its staff to avoid t

38、he influence of Americanismssuch things as chairwoman and chairperson, and attaching the suffix gate to every British shameful event (such as Washingtons Watergate). (L15)Unit 7 Part II Main ReadingParaphrase: To stress the British view that Americans havent been speaking English, in 1993, the Briti

39、sh Broadcasting Company expressed its dislike of the “pollution” of the Queens English by Americans. BBC ordered its staff to avoid the usages of American English such as chairwoman and chairperson and attaching the word “gate” to every British scandal, for example, Washingtons Watergate.Unit 7 Part

40、 II Main ReadinglHe turned away in distaste.lShe looked at his shabby clothes with distaste.e.g.distaste n. dislike or aversion【譯文譯文】1993年，英國廣播公司強調了這一觀點，他們年，英國廣播公司強調了這一觀點，他們對標準英語受到山姆大叔的對標準英語受到山姆大叔的“污染污染”深表反感，深表反感，規(guī)定其員工要避免使用美式英語單詞，比如規(guī)定其員工要避免使用美式英語單詞，比如chairwoman （女主席，女議長）和（女主席，女議長）和chairperson（議長）、在丑

41、聞后加后綴（議長）、在丑聞后加后綴gate（門）（如水門事件）。（門）（如水門事件）。6. What many Brits dont realize is that the rest of us in the English-speaking world now far outnumber them. America is driving the language now and Americans are in every way greater innovators than the British. (L21)Unit 7 Part II Main ReadingParaphrase:M

42、any British dont realize that there are more people outside UK speaking English than those in their country. Americans are directing the language of English now and we are greater and more creative than the British.【譯文譯文】許多英國人并沒有意識到，在其他的英語國家，許多英國人并沒有意識到，在其他的英語國家，講英語的人口數量已遠遠超過了英國人口?，F講英語的人口數量已遠遠超過了英國人

43、口?，F如今，引領英語的是美國人，而且美國人在各如今，引領英語的是美國人，而且美國人在各方面都比英國人有創(chuàng)新性。方面都比英國人有創(chuàng)新性。Unit 7 Part II Main ReadinglThey outnumbered us three to one.lWe were completely outnumbered by the enemy.e.g.1) outnumber v. to exceed the number of; be more numerous than2) innovator n. persons who introduce something newlMaybe you

44、 could be an innovator or an inventor maybe even good enough to come up with the next iPhone or the new medicine.lThis university acquired a reputation as an innovator by their research in cancer.e.g.Unit 7 Part II Main Reading7. However, a careful search of library or book store will turn up numero

45、us dictionaries and reference books devoted solely to listing contrasting American and English words. (L26)Paraphrase: However, if we search carefully in a library or a book store, we will find a lot of dictionariesand reference books aiming at listing the differences between American and British wo

46、rds.【譯文譯文】然而，仔細搜索圖書館或者書店，你就會發(fā)現然而，仔細搜索圖書館或者書店，你就會發(fā)現大量的字典及參考書專門列舉出了美式英語與大量的字典及參考書專門列舉出了美式英語與英式英語的對照詞匯。英式英語的對照詞匯。Unit 7 Part II Main ReadinglHe has a numerous collection of stamps.lThe example is too numerous to mention individually.e.g.1) turn up to find by searching or examininglShe turned up the mis

47、sing papers under her blotter.e.g.2) numerous adj. amounting to a large number; manylHe has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.lWe should devote ourselves faithfully to the duties of our profession.e.g.3) devoteto to give whole attention toUnit 7 Part II Main ReadinglFinnish architect and

48、furniture designer is noted for his use of contrasting materials.lFor the personal choice task, you will make and support a choice between two contrasting options.e.g.4) solely adv. entirely; exclusivelylThe responsibility rests solely with your government.lThe Renminbi shall be printed and issued s

49、olely by the Peoples Bank of China.e.g.5) contrasting adj. strikingly different; tending to contrastUnit 7 Part II Main Reading8. We next offer a few seemingly innocent words that might shock the knickers (English for “pants”) off your British counterparts. (L 28)Paraphrase: We next offer a few word

50、s that are not “evil” in our mind but really frighten the British.【譯文譯文】下面，我們列舉了幾個在我們看來很平常的單下面，我們列舉了幾個在我們看來很平常的單詞，但這些詞有可能讓英國人嚇一跳。詞，但這些詞有可能讓英國人嚇一跳。Unit 7 Part II Main ReadinglCan you provide any evidence that he was innocent of the crime?lHe was pronounced innocent of the charge.e.g.1) seemingly adv.

51、 from appearances alonelWe often read in novels how a seemingly respectable person or family has some terrible secret which has been concealed from strangers for years.lSeemingly there is nothing we can do.e.g.2) innocent adj. free from evil or guiltlYour right ear is the counterpart of your left ea

52、r.lNight is the counterpart of day.e.g.3) counterpart n. a person or thing having the same function or characteristics as anotherUnit 7 Part II Main Reading9. Ready for your ears to burn? (L30)Paraphrase: Are you ready to learn some words that might have surprisingly embarrassing meaningsfrom what y

53、ou have ever known?【譯文譯文】準備好了嗎？準備好了嗎？Unit 7 Part II Main Reading10. Driving on the left side of the road is not the only strangeness Americans encounter when getting behind the wheel in the United Kingdom. (L47)Paraphrase: Driving on the left side of the road is not the only strange thing that Ameri

54、cans meetwhen driving in the UK.【譯文譯文】在英國開車時靠左行駛，這并不是美國人碰上在英國開車時靠左行駛，這并不是美國人碰上的唯一怪事。的唯一怪事。Unit 7 Part II Main ReadinglUnder the “zero tolerance” campaign launched by the Ministry of Public Security, drivers who get behind the wheel after drinking face severe penalties.e.g.1) encounter v.& n. to

55、meet, especially unexpectedly; come uponlThe young scientists encountered many difficulties during their exploration.lHis encounter with the guard dog had completely made him nervous.e.g.2) get behind the wheel to driveUnit 7 Part II Main Reading11. It should now be obvious that serious misunderstan

56、dings can result between two so-called English-speaking peoples. (L57)Paraphrase: Different meanings of the same word or phrase in UK and US can result in seriousmisunderstanding though people in both countries are believed speaking English. This fact is quite obvious now.【譯文譯文】兩個所謂的講英語的民族會產生嚴重的誤會，兩

57、個所謂的講英語的民族會產生嚴重的誤會，這應該是顯而易見的。這應該是顯而易見的。It 在句中用作形式主語，在句中用作形式主語，that引導句子的真正主語。類似的用法還有：引導句子的真正主語。類似的用法還有：Unit 7 Part II Main ReadingIt is clear that.It seems that.It is a pity that.It is said that.It is doubtful whether.It doesnt matter how.Unit 7 Part II Main Reading12. For Americans, to table means “

58、to shelve” or “to delay action,” whereas to the British, it means precisely the opposite, as in “to lay on the table for immediate consideration.”(L61)Paraphrase: For Americans, to table means “to shelve” or “to put off action,” but to the British, it simply means the opposite, as in “to lay on the

59、table for immediate consideration.”【譯文譯文】對美國人來說，動詞對美國人來說，動詞“table”是是“將將擱置擱置一邊一邊”、“延遲行動延遲行動”的意思；而對英國人來的意思；而對英國人來說，它的意思恰恰相反，即說，它的意思恰恰相反，即“擺在桌面上立即擺在桌面上立即討論討論”。Unit 7 Part II Main ReadinglWhat invariably happens is that a great number of things choose to go wrong at precisely the same moment.e.g.1) dela

60、y v. to postpone until a later timelWe decided to delay our holiday until next month.lAll flights are delayed by a heavy snowfall.e.g.2) precisely adv. used as an intensivelMore precisely, it is a software, hardware and network platform developed by A。e.g. in a precise mannerUnit 7 Part II Main Reading