1、2020高考英語答題技巧集錦（全套講解）專題。1名詞【2019年高考考綱解讀】高考對(duì)名詞詞義辨析以及習(xí)慣搭配用法的考查將仍然是重點(diǎn)。名詞除了獨(dú)立考查其詞義辨析外，還常結(jié)合其他項(xiàng)目一起考查，題型以單項(xiàng)填空、短文改錯(cuò)、 完形填空及單詞拼寫等形式出現(xiàn)，考查要點(diǎn)主要包括：1 .考查名詞詞義辨析和習(xí)慣搭配。名詞詞義辨析包括同義詞辨析、近義詞 辨析、同形詞辨析和不同詞義的名詞在語境中的辨析。另外，高考還考查容易混 淆的名詞的辨形、辨義以及名詞的慣用法等。2 .考查名詞的數(shù)（可數(shù)與不可數(shù)、單數(shù)與復(fù)數(shù)）、名詞所有格、抽象名詞的 具體化、物質(zhì)名詞的量化、名詞和冠詞的搭配以及主謂一致等。3 .考查名詞的“舊詞新意

2、”和“名詞動(dòng)化”現(xiàn)象。這種現(xiàn)象主要以隱形考查的 方式出現(xiàn)在閱讀理解和完形填空試題中。如：shelter n.庇護(hù)，避難所一 vt.保護(hù), 躲避，避難；storm n.暴風(fēng)雨，大動(dòng)蕩一 vi.&vt.橫沖直撞，猛攻；shoulder n. 肩，肩膀，肩部一 vt.肩負(fù)，承擔(dān)；trail n .小徑，痕跡一vt.追蹤。【重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)剖析】一、名詞詞義辨析同義詞、近義詞甚至是形近詞有著不同的含義和適用場(chǎng)合，要特別注意在 特定語境中準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用詞匯和語法知識(shí)的能力。平時(shí)要努力擴(kuò)大詞匯量，做題時(shí)要 深入理解語境，整體把握，結(jié)合句意作出最佳選擇。二、名詞固定搭配高考中常常借助名詞的固定搭配在具體語境中的

3、運(yùn)用考查名詞。解答此類 試題，不僅要掌握名詞的意義，體會(huì)語境，還要牢記常用的名詞固定搭配。如： have/gain access to 得以進(jìn)入/會(huì)見/接近；take advantage of禾用, 趁之機(jī)；make fun of取笑,嘲弄等。三、抽象名詞具體化抽象名詞是表示狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)、情感等而沒有實(shí)物的名詞。抽象名詞具體化 后變成可數(shù)名詞，前面可加不定冠詞，用來強(qiáng)調(diào)其具體表現(xiàn)形式或表示某一次短 暫的動(dòng)作，常意為“一次的事情；一個(gè)的人；一種的東西”。如：抽象名詞具體意義success 成功a success成功的人或事failure 失敗a failure失敗的人或事pleasure 樂趣a

4、pleasure令人圖興的事pity同情a pity令人遺憾的事relief寬慰a relief令人寬慰的事beauty美，美麗a beauty 美人surprise驚奇；吃驚a surprise件思外的事concern 關(guān)心a concern 一件令人關(guān)切的事四、名詞作定語名詞作定語般用單數(shù)形式，如 a mountain village, stone houses, coffeecup ,但man和woman作定語時(shí)要隨著所修飾的名詞的數(shù)的變化而變化。如：awoman doctor, two women doctors 。五、名詞的所有格1 .以“s”結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格只加“”。如：the

5、 teachers' reading-room /ten minutes' walk2 .復(fù)數(shù)為特殊變化的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加“ s"。如：Women's Day/the Children's Palace3 .名詞并列時(shí)，所有格的形式不同，其含義不同。如：Tom and Bob's desk湯姆和鮑勃的桌子（共有）Tom's and Bob's desks湯姆的桌子和鮑勃的桌子（不共有）4.雙重所有格。當(dāng)of短語所修飾的名詞前有表示數(shù)量的詞，如a/two/some/any/no等時(shí)，表示所有關(guān)系的of后加名詞所有格或名詞性物主代詞。如

6、：a friend of my brother's/his我弟弟的/他的一個(gè)朋友several students of Mr. Smith's/mine史密斯先生的/我的幾個(gè)學(xué)生（2）當(dāng)of短語所修飾的名詞前有一個(gè)指示代詞表示一定感情色彩時(shí)，of后也 用名詞所有格或名詞性物主代詞。如：That little son of Xiao Li's/yours is really lovely.小李的/你的那個(gè)小兒子真可愛。This invention of the professor's/his is of great importance.教授的/他的這項(xiàng)發(fā)明很重要

7、。民被這位小伙子的行為深深地打動(dòng)，并對(duì)他的這個(gè)善舉報(bào)以熱烈的掌聲。25 .答案 applause解析 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?？崭袼钤~和前面的of 一起構(gòu)成of所有格形式，修 飾前面的名詞storm作定語。所以用名詞形式。26 .答案 behavio（u）r解析 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。前由“ his kind（他善良的）”作定語修飾，指他善良的行 為，故填名詞形式。27 .答案 user解析 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。由語境和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空作主語，意為“用戶”。句意為：一位微博用戶甚至評(píng)論道：我只要七秒就愛上了這個(gè)年輕人。28 .答案 seconds解析 考查名詞的數(shù)。second在此用作名詞，意為“秒”，是可數(shù)名詞

8、，前有 數(shù)詞seven修飾，用復(fù)數(shù)形式。29 . 答案 Inve解析 考查固定搭配 fWmET中th為固定搭配j意為喜歡上，爰上一30 . 答案 invitation解析 考查聞性轉(zhuǎn)換。這里指的是采訪邀請(qǐng)，用名詞形式，前有皿修飾，用單數(shù)形式.【變式探究】【2017 新課例II】閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、 B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。A Toronto man is offering a free round-the-world air to the right wom an. But _41_ apply. You must be named Elizabet

9、h Gallahgher and have a C andian 42.Jordan Axani, 28, said he and his then girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily discounted round-the-world air tickets in May, but their 43 ended and he did not want her ticket to 44. The ticket hada strict no-transfer （不可轉(zhuǎn)讓）45, but since passport informati

10、onwas not required when 46, any Canadian Elizabeth Gallagher can47 it.“I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to 48a lot of joy, " said Axani. He posted his49 on a social networking website, and received thousands of e-mails, including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallagbe

11、rs with the 50 passports, “More 51, thereare hundreds of Canadians who are interested in 52 their name to Elizabeth Gallagher, " Axani said. “It wastelysolut of 53,thousands of e-mails, people around the world 54 their stories of travel.Axani wrote in his post that he is not 55 anything in retu

12、rn and that the woman who uses the 56 ticket can choose to either travel withhim or 57 the ticket and travel on her own.The 58 is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before 59_ in Toronto on January 8. He said the 60 woman

13、 will be announced on the website and the trip will be shared online.41.A.benefits D.examinations 42.A.orgin D.firend 43.A.holiday D.relationship 44.A.go to waste D.come into effect 45.A.policy D.schedule 46.A.applyingB.depositsC.retrictionsB.passportC.accentB.marriageC.dreamB.come to mindC. go no s

14、aleB.orderC.parmentB.bookingC.checkingD.bargaining 47.A.use D.buy 48.A.sacrifice D.provide 49.A.answer D.comment 50.A.same 51. A. interesting convincing52. A. writing changing53. A. touch54. A. admiring doubting55. A. leaving dealing with56. A. leaving dealing with57. A. return58. A. interview meeti

15、ng59. A. ending staying60. A.honoredB.borrowB.expressB.adviceB.rightB. annoyingB. givingB. questionB. advertisingB. looking forB. looking forB. takeB. programB. callingB. lovelyC.chooseC.experienceC.offerC.nowC. satisfyingC. lendingC. dateC. sharingC. losingC. losingC. reserveC. tripC. repeatingC. i

16、ntelligentD.realD.D.D. controlD.D.D.D. hideD.D.D.lucky【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了一個(gè)加拿大青年在和女朋友分手后，希望免費(fèi)贈(zèng)送自己為女朋友低價(jià)購(gòu)買的環(huán)球航空旅行票的故事，體現(xiàn)了年輕人無私的精神。41. 考查名詞* A benefits J'Jm j B. 4即口51t5 押金3 C, restncmnj限制 j D.考試”根據(jù)后句內(nèi)香You must be named E Lizabeth Gallagher and hav號(hào)a Canadi an 可知申請(qǐng)免費(fèi)環(huán)球旅行是有條件限制的； 需要是名叫tlizabeth Gallag

17、her.有加拿大護(hù)照的女子。42. B考查名詞。A.orgin 來源； B. passport 護(hù)照；C.accent 口音； D.firend 朋友。據(jù)第三段中 including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the 30 passports可知，申請(qǐng)人需要有加拿大的護(hù)照。故選B。43. 考查名詞。D A.holiday 假期；B.marriage 婚姻；C.dream 夢(mèng)想； D.relationship關(guān)系。根據(jù)下文Jordan Axani轉(zhuǎn)讓機(jī)票可知他和女朋友關(guān)系結(jié)束44. A 考查動(dòng)詞短語。A.go to waste 浪費(fèi)

18、；B.come to mind 想至U; C. go no sale 開始銷售；D.come into effect開始生效。根據(jù)下文“ I just want to seethe ticket go to good use and for someone to28 a lot of joy, " 可知他之所以把票想贈(zèng)送給同名的人，目的是不想浪費(fèi)掉機(jī)票。go to waste浪費(fèi)；come to mind 想至U； go no sale 開始銷售；come int.o effect 開始生效。故 選Ao45. A考查名詞。A.policy 政策；B.order 命令；C.paymen

19、t 付款；D.schedule計(jì)劃，時(shí)間表。機(jī)票都是實(shí)名制，而且不可以轉(zhuǎn)讓，根據(jù)情理 和語境可知這是一種政策。policy政策；order命令；payment付款；schedule 計(jì)劃，時(shí)間表。故選Ao站。上貼出的是自己的提議，即免費(fèi)贈(zèng)送機(jī)票。50. B考查形容詞。A.same同樣的；B.right正確的； C.now 現(xiàn)在；D.real真的。根據(jù)句中actual Elizabeth Gallagbers以及文章首段對(duì)申請(qǐng)這張 免費(fèi)機(jī)票的要求可知，申請(qǐng)人要有同樣的名字和加拿大的護(hù)照。51. A考查形容詞。A. interesting 有趣的； B. annoying令人惱火的；C. sati

20、sfying令人滿意的；D. convincing令人信服的。根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知 有數(shù)百人想改名字，這當(dāng)然是一件很有趣的事情。52 .考查動(dòng)詞。A. writing 寫；B. giving 給；C. lending 借出；D. changing 改變。根據(jù)上文可知申請(qǐng)的要求是需要和 Jordan Axani前女友同名，所以有 人甚至想改名字。53 .考查名詞。A. touch 觸動(dòng)；B. question 問題；C. date 日期；D. control 控制。根據(jù)后句內(nèi)容可知，世界上的很多人都知道這件事，如果允許人們改 名字的話，那么事情就會(huì)無法控制。54 . C考查動(dòng)詞。A. admirin

21、g 羨慕；B. advertising 廣告；C. sharing 分享；D. doubting懷疑。根據(jù)上文可知Jordan Axan收到了數(shù)千封郵件， 所以很多人都知道他們旅行的故事。55 . B 考查動(dòng)詞。A. leaving 離開；B. looking for 尋找；C. losing 失 去；D. dealing with對(duì)付。根據(jù)文章首段首句可知 Jordan Axan是免費(fèi)送給 別人他多余的票，而不求回報(bào)。56 . D 考查形容詞。A. single 單一的；B. strange 奇怪的；C. regular 定 期的；D. extra額外的。根據(jù)上文第二段可知 Jordan A

22、xan在和女朋友分手 后，女朋友的機(jī)票就是多余出來的了。57 . B 考查動(dòng)詞。A. return 回去；B. take 拿走；C. reserve 保留；D. hide 隱藏。根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容and travel on her own可知，中請(qǐng)到票的人可以和他一 起旅行，也可以拿著票自己去旅行。58 .請(qǐng)?jiān)诖颂顚懶☆}的解析！考查名詞。A. interview采訪；B. program 項(xiàng)目；C. trip旅行；D. meeting會(huì)面。根據(jù)第三段末句 their stories of travel 可知，Jordan Axani是在贈(zèng)送環(huán)球旅行的飛機(jī)票。5g.考查動(dòng)詞。A衽狀陽結(jié)尾f打電話寧C.

23、 repeating重復(fù)。由貨峙停留。根據(jù)句意可知旅行是戊女mb就21從紐約出發(fā),途經(jīng)米蘭.布拉格等多個(gè)城市，最后到達(dá)多倫多;結(jié)束旅行卡60 .考查形容詞口耳honored感到光茉的！ Bovdy可愛的C_ intdligent聰明的幸運(yùn)的缶文宣介紹了 Jsdmi Axani免費(fèi)贈(zèng)送環(huán)球旅行的機(jī)票的故事，所以能選上的人是幸運(yùn)的人?！咀兪教骄俊浚?017 全國(guó)2）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~ 或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened inLondon. z&

24、xxk It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible _1_(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 2_ word. Ittook three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road,3(lay) the track and then building a strongroof

25、over 4top. When all those had been done, the road surface wasreplaced.Steam engines 5_(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 6_(fair)unpleasant for the passsengers, with all the smoke and noise.However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,0

26、00 people were using 7_ every day.Later, engineers 8(manage) to construct railways in a system of deeptunnels (隧道),which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the 9(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. Thecentral London Railway was one of the most 10(success)

27、 of these new lines,and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.1 crowds from3 laying4 the5 were used6 fairly7 it8 managed9 introduction10 successful【解析】1考查名詞，ErM前設(shè)有冠詞,且它是可數(shù)名詞,故填CT嬴I2）考查介詞，to and from來回，故埴from.3考查動(dòng)詞，這里是由

28、皿d連接的三個(gè)動(dòng)詞而且形式,故埴的嘻4考查名詞，t叩是名詞,前要用冠詞，故填由電>考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)，根據(jù)句意；蒸汽發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)二裱用于胃立貨物，故填were usd11 查副詞，這里fair是形容詞，pleasant也是形容詞，所以需要將fair 變?yōu)楦痹~來修飾形容詞，故填fairly.12 查代詞，這里用it指代前句的railway,故填it.13 查動(dòng)詞，本文全篇都是一般過去時(shí)，所以這里也應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，故填 managed.14 查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換，空格前是the,后面應(yīng)該是名詞，故填名詞introduction.【10】考查形容詞，空格前是most,其后要跟形容詞構(gòu)成最高級(jí)，故填successfu

29、l.題型四單句改錯(cuò)例 4. （2018 全國(guó) n ）When I was little , Friday ' night was our family game night.答案 Friday ' sfFriday解析 名詞Friday修飾night,意為 周五晚上”?！咀兪教骄俊浚?018 全國(guó) n ）After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room.答案 sort fsorts解析 all修飾可數(shù)名詞sort,應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式sorts。（2017 全國(guó)卷 H ）Besides, the

30、y often get some useful informations from theInternet.【解析】考查名詞的用法。information為不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。【答案】informations finformation【變式探究】（2017 全國(guó)卷 I ）The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speedup! ”“Slow down“Turn left 【解析】考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)后面的“Speed up” “Slow down”可知，止匕處不是一個(gè)詞或句子，而是多個(gè)句子，故 word須用復(fù)數(shù)形式?！敬鸢浮縲ordwords【舉

31、一反三】（2016 浙江卷）When I was a very young children, my fathercreated a regular practice I remember well years later.【解析】本題考查了名詞單復(fù)數(shù)誤用。根據(jù)前面的不定冠詞一a知此處應(yīng)該 用名詞的單數(shù)形式?！敬鸢浮縞hildren -child1. . （2016 新課標(biāo)）My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.【解析】honest -honesty句意：我叔叔告訴我他成功的關(guān)鍵就是“誠(chéng)實(shí)”。 此處是指“誠(chéng)實(shí)”是他成功的

32、關(guān)鍵，應(yīng)用名詞形式。2. （2016 新課枷）If we go on a trip abroad , we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.【解析】如oMMgaTknowled駛句意;如果我們出國(guó)旅游,我們就能拓宓視野并學(xué)到書本上學(xué)不到的知識(shí)電心。加印既知識(shí);為不可教名詞r無復(fù)數(shù)形式，3. （2016 新課枷）The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me.【解析】year-years句意：13到19歲的青春期

33、是我最艱難的一段時(shí)光。根據(jù)句中的13 to 19 were可知，year應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。4. （2016 -四川）Momhas a full-time job , but she has to do most of the houseworks.【解析】houseworks-housework句意：媽媽有一份全職工作，但還是要做大部分的家務(wù)。housework為不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。5. （2015 新課標(biāo)）The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.【解析】airs -air句意：我們呼吸的空氣越來越臟。air為不可數(shù)名詞，

34、 不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式。6. （2015 新課枷）One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with hisparenthe turned around and found that his parents were missing.【解析】parent -parents句意：一天，小托尼跟父母親去購(gòu)物中心由下文的 “he turned around and found that his parents were missing.“ 可知， 是父母兩個(gè)人，所以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。7. (2015 浙Wy old classroom was interest

35、ing because three side of the classroom were made of glass.【解析】side -sides句意：我原來的教室很有趣，有三面墻是用玻璃做 的。根據(jù)前面的three可知，此處side應(yīng)該使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。8. (2015 -四JAs I told you last time , I made three new friend here.【解析】friend -friends句意：正如我上次跟你說的，我在這兒交了三個(gè) 新朋友。名詞friend為可數(shù)名詞，其前有three修飾，需要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。題型五單句填空1. . (2016 新課標(biāo) I , 61

36、)But for tourists like me , pandas are its top (attrac t)而析】attraction 句意：但是對(duì)于像我一樣的游客來說，大熊貓是最大 的吸引。形容詞top ”頭等的；最重要的”后面跟名詞形式。2. . (2016 新課標(biāo) I , 69)The nursery team switches him every few (day)with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed.【解析】days句意：護(hù)理團(tuán)隊(duì)每隔幾天就把他和他的妹妹互換一下，這 樣當(dāng)他們中的一個(gè)在被人工喂養(yǎng)的時(shí)候。 ev

37、ery few days “每隔幾天”。3. (2016 新課枷,42)Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of(achieve)【解析】achievement句意：然后，首先處理最重要的任務(wù)，那么你會(huì)感 到真正意義上的成就。介詞of后應(yīng)用名詞作賓語。4. (2016 新課枷,46)Recent(study)showhat we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly .【解析】studi

38、es句意：最近腳究顯示如果我們有助律地進(jìn)行矩暫的休息的話，我們工作的效率會(huì) 更高。midy研究”為可數(shù)名詞，本句的謂語動(dòng)詞為由口言，說明主語應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)由遙5. (2016 新課枷,68)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B. C., influenced the (develop)of chopsticks.【解析】development 句意：一些人認(rèn)為大約生活于公元前 551年到479 年間的中國(guó)偉大學(xué)者孔子影響了筷子的發(fā)展。根據(jù)空格前

39、面的the可知，所填詞應(yīng)用名詞形式。6. (2016 -四川65)Any smell might attract natural(enemy)that would try to eat the little panda.【解析】enemies句意：任何氣味都有可能吸引自然界中那些想要吃掉熊 貓寶寶的敵人。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，此處表示“吸引了自然界中的敵人”，故填可數(shù)名 詞enemy的復(fù)數(shù)形式。7. (2016 浙江,4)It is important to pay your electricity bill on time , as late (pay)may affect your credit.

40、【解析】payments句意：準(zhǔn)時(shí)付電費(fèi)很重要，因?yàn)橹Ц锻砹藭?huì)影響你的信用。前面有形容詞late修飾，此處應(yīng)用名詞形式，payment可用作可數(shù)名詞， 所以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。8. (2016 浙江,8)We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our _(different)unite , rather than divide us.【解析】differences句意：當(dāng)我們學(xué)會(huì)“求同存異”，而不是“分崩離析”的 時(shí)候，我們就能獲得很多。物主代詞our后面接名詞，這里是指“我們的差異”，所以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。9. (2015 新課梃,65)I'd skip

41、ped nearby Guilin , a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that/which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese(painting).【解析】panim形句意：我略過了對(duì)附近桂林的參觀©桂林是一個(gè)游客們尋找石灰?guī)r山頂和漓江深水的理想地點(diǎn)。畫冢們?cè)谠S許多多的卬國(guó)畫中畫過它-因?yàn)樵撛~由many修飾f所以這里使用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形 式。10. (2015 -新課柄,43)In

42、 addition to their simple beauty , what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their (able)to “aircondition “a house without using electric equipment.iwf ability 句意：除了它們的樸素美之外，這種土坯房令人羨慕的是它們不用電力設(shè)備就能給房間制冷的能力。根據(jù)前面的形容詞性物主代詞their可知后面應(yīng)用名詞，故應(yīng)用 able的名詞形式ability 011. . (2015 -江蘇，32)Some schools will have to

43、make (adjust)in agreement with the national soccer reform.【解析】adjustments 句意：為了與國(guó)家的足球改革保持一致，一些學(xué)校 不得不進(jìn)行調(diào)整。make adjustments是固定搭配，意為“進(jìn)行調(diào)整”。專題。1名詞I .語法填空1The chrysanthemum(菊花)comes from China and was recorded in some Chinese books as early as the 5th century BC.The flower 1.(introduce) to Japan during t

44、he Tang Dynasty.It usually begins to bloom( 開花)in the 9th lunar month , lending a festive atmosphere to Double Ni nth Day.That ' s why the month is also referred to 2. "the month of chrysanthemum ” .The flower has been favored by 3.(poet) through the ages , because it is one of the only flo

45、wers that bloom in late autumn.Du Fu , a great Tang Dynasty poet, wrote more than ten poems singing the praises of the flower.Chinese people 4.(be) fond of enjoying chrysanthemums onDouble Ninth Day long before.Chrysanthemum displays were usually held immediately after 5. day in some regions of Chin

46、a in the Qing Dynasty.People in Beijing began to stick chrysanthemums on doors and windows 6.(get) rid of the bad luck and bring in the good one,7. was an alteration(改變)of the custom of 8. (wear) chrysanthemums on people ' s heads.At these displays family members accompany their elders to have a

47、 relaxing day in a natural atmosphere while wishing for good health and 9. (happy) for them.The displays are often 10.(live) with a sea of visitors.語篇解讀文章講述了菊花的歷史、文化及相關(guān)的一些活動(dòng)及意義。L.答案 腎至iHtrcdu亡乩解析考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句中主語如，和動(dòng)詞mg加8是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，指這種花被引入日本用孤動(dòng)語態(tài)根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語duringTai喀Dynasty可知用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài).板埴w弱introduced o? 答案始解析

48、考查介宿U句意為：這就是為什么九月襁叫做菊花月的原因。Meno筆把一稱為，故埴壬。3 .答案 poets解析 考查名詞的數(shù)。句中poet是可數(shù)名詞，此處泛指古往今來的詩人們， 用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填poets o4 .答案 were解析考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語long before可知此處用過 去時(shí)，且與主語Chinese people保持一致用復(fù)數(shù)，故填 were。| 5.答案Sc解析 考查冠伺。此處罡特指口。成:EMuth Da門用定冠詞,表示重陽節(jié)之后，曲填出人6 .答案解析 考查非渭語動(dòng)詞。此處是不定式表目的,指人VR巴菊花貼在門窗上是為了擺脫壞運(yùn)氣?故鎮(zhèn)t口器心7 .答案"

49、;,hkh解析考查定語從句。句中包含非限制性乏語從句，用如出引導(dǎo)指代前面的句子?故填招如由。8 . 答案 wearing解析 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句中介詞of后用動(dòng)名詞作賓語，故填wearing。9 .答案 happiness解析 考查名詞。與and前的名詞health并列，也應(yīng)用名詞，指“健康和幸?！?故填happiness。10 .答案 lively解析 考查形容詞。此處是形容詞作表語，指這種展覽有大量的游客，呈現(xiàn)出一派生機(jī)勃勃的景象。故填livelyo2g.答案e解析 本段建故情緒不好時(shí)同別人求助。上屈旨情緒一直不好時(shí)募卜心J E項(xiàng)；你可能會(huì)有比冬季憂郁 癥更大的問題，與上句連接故選E。專題

50、02冠詞【2019年高考考綱解讀】冠詞的考查幾乎每年都有一兩道題，而且基本都設(shè)兩空。一般情況下，試 題的情景較為曲折，句式以復(fù)合句為主。另外，在短文改錯(cuò)和語法填空中也常常 涉及冠詞的考查?？疾橐c(diǎn)主要包括：1 .考查定冠詞和不定冠詞的基本用法。2 .考查定冠詞和不定冠詞的特殊用法。抽象名詞具體化前冠詞的使用情況、 比較級(jí)前冠詞的使用情況。3 .考查冠詞的泛指、特指、類指和專指用法。4.考查零冠詞的運(yùn)用。另外，還涉及很多冠詞與名詞的固定搭配。復(fù)習(xí)冠詞須把握好以下三個(gè)原則：(1)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞用不定冠詞a/an表示泛指；(2)復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞及不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí)，其前不加冠詞；(3)無論可數(shù)名詞還是不

51、可數(shù)名詞，表示特指時(shí)，其前都要加定冠詞the?！局攸c(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)剖析】一、定冠詞1.表示特指。Pass me the magazine on the desk.請(qǐng)把桌上的雜志遞給我。二、不定冠詞1 泛指某一類人或物中的任何一個(gè)。A teacher shouldn't talk like that.教師不應(yīng)當(dāng)那樣講話。2用于序數(shù)詞前表示“又一”“再一”。用于形容詞最高級(jí)前意為“很，非?！?。We'll have to do it a second time.我們得再做一次。He is a most wise man.他是一個(gè)十分明智的人。3用于具體化了的抽象名詞前。He was a su

52、ccess in business.他是事業(yè)成功人士。4在專有名詞前表示“某一個(gè)”“類似的一個(gè)”。A Mr. Smith wants to see you.一位史密斯先生想見你。5.用于of短語中表示“同一” (he same)。Tom and Kate are of an age.湯姆與凱特同歲。三、零冠詞1 用于表示泛指或一般意義的物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞、專有名詞、復(fù)數(shù)名詞 等之前。Knowledge begins with practice.知識(shí)從實(shí)踐開始。Teachers should be respected.教師應(yīng)該受到尊重。2東、西方都有的節(jié)日名稱前不用冠詞，如：New Year&#

53、39;s Day, Christmas,National Day, Army Day 等； 但中國(guó)的節(jié)日一般用定冠詞，如： the Spring Festival,the Mid-Autumn Festival 等。3月份、日期前一般不用冠詞，如：in October, on March 8 等。4三餐名詞前不用冠詞，如：have breakfast/lunch/dinner 等。但有定語修飾時(shí)需加不定冠詞，如： have a big breakfast， have a wonderfullunch 等。5表示體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的名詞前不用冠詞，如：play football/cards/chess 等

54、；但樂器名詞前需加定冠詞，如：play the violin/the piano 等。6用于作表語、補(bǔ)足語、同位語的唯一職位名詞前。John is captain of the team.約翰是這個(gè)隊(duì)的隊(duì)長(zhǎng)。They elected him president of the society.他們選他為協(xié)會(huì)會(huì)長(zhǎng)。7用于表示“變成”的turn 后、作表語的單數(shù)名詞前。He was a teacher before he turned writer.他成為作家之前是教師。10.用于某些獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中?！咀兪教骄俊浚?016 新課標(biāo)i , 70）The nursery team switches hi

55、m every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed other is with mum she never suspects.【解析1句意：護(hù)理團(tuán)M每隔幾天就把他和他的妹妹互換一下,這樣當(dāng)他們中的一個(gè)在被人工喂養(yǎng)的時(shí)候f另一個(gè)是手鶴媽在一起的她從不懷疑© one血other.<L個(gè)另一個(gè)%【變式探究】（2016 新課標(biāo)H , 48）Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for while, exercising, or do

56、ing something you enjoy.【解析】a句意：你可以先出去一會(huì)兒，通過鍛煉或做些你喜歡的事情來 讓你的身體和大腦得到休息。for a while意為“一會(huì)兒”?！咀兪教骄俊浚?016 浙江 2）prize for the winner of the competition istwo-week holiday in Paris.麗標(biāo)The； a句意：這個(gè)比賽獲勝者的獎(jiǎng)品是一個(gè)為期兩周的在巴黎 度假的機(jī)會(huì)。第一空特指“獲勝者的獎(jiǎng)品”，用定冠詞the；第二空泛指“一個(gè)為期 兩周的假期”，用不定冠詞a?！咀兪教骄俊浚?015 新課秘，42）The adobe dwellings（土

57、坯房）地世by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even mostmodern of architects and engineers.【解析】the句意：由美國(guó)西南部的印第安村莊的印第安人建造的土坯房 甚至被最現(xiàn)代的建筑師和工程師欣賞。根據(jù)后面的most modern可知應(yīng)為“最現(xiàn)代化的”，最高級(jí)前要用定冠詞the?！咀兪教骄俊浚?015 四川 5）Brian is gifted in writing music ; he is very likely to be Beethoven.【解析】a句意：布萊恩在寫音樂方面很有天賦；他很有可能會(huì)成為一個(gè)貝多芬。不定冠詞加人名，意為“一個(gè)像某某那樣的人”，因此填a?！咀兪教骄俊浚?015 陜西14）more learn