1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上材料力學(xué)中英對照詞匯A 安全因數(shù) safety factor B 半橋接法 half bridge 閉口薄壁桿 thin-walled tubes比例極限 proportional limit 邊界條件 boundary conditions變截面梁 beam of variable cross section 變形 deformation 變形協(xié)調(diào)方程 compatibility equation標(biāo)距 gage length 泊松比 Poissons ratio 補償塊 compensating block C材料力學(xué) mechanics of materials

2、沖擊荷載 impact load 初應(yīng)力，預(yù)應(yīng)力 initial stress 純剪切 pure shear純彎曲 pure bending脆性材料 brittle materials D 大柔度桿 long columns 單位荷載 unit load單位力偶 unit couple單位荷載法 unit-load method單向應(yīng)力，單向受力 uniaxial stress等強度梁 beam of constant strength 低周疲勞 low-cycle fatigue 電橋平衡 bridge balancing 電阻應(yīng)變計 resistance strain gage 電阻應(yīng)變儀

3、 resistance strain indicator疊加法 superposition method疊加原理 superposition principle 動荷載 dynamic load斷面收縮率 percentage reduction in area 多余約束 redundant restraint E 二向應(yīng)力狀態(tài) state of biaxial stress F 分布力 distributed force復(fù)雜應(yīng)力狀態(tài) state of triaxial stress 復(fù)合材料 composite material G 桿，桿件 bar 剛度 stiffness 剛架，構(gòu)架 f

4、rame剛結(jié)點 rigid joint 高周疲勞 high-cycle fatigue 各向同性材料 isotropical material 功的互等定理 reciprocal-work theorem工作應(yīng)變計 active strain gage工作應(yīng)力 working stress 構(gòu)件 structural member 慣性半徑 radius of gyration of an area慣性積 product of inertia 慣性矩，截面二次軸距 moment of inertia廣義胡克定律 generalized Hooks law H 橫向變形 lateral defo

5、rmation胡克定律 Hooks law滑移線 slip-lines J 基本系統(tǒng) primary system畸變能理論 distortion energy theory畸變能密度 distortional strain energy density極慣性矩，截面二次極矩 polar moment of inertia極限應(yīng)力 ultimate stress 極限荷載 limit load擠壓應(yīng)力 bearing stress剪力 shear force 剪力方程 equation of shear force 剪力圖 shear force diagram 剪流 shear flow剪切

6、胡克定律 Hooks law for shear剪切 shear 交變應(yīng)力，循環(huán)應(yīng)力 cyclic stress 截面法 method of sections 截面幾何性質(zhì) geometrical properties of an area截面核心 core of section 靜不定次，超靜定次數(shù) degree of a statically indeterminate problem靜不定問題，超靜定問題 statically indeterminate problem靜定問題 statically determinate problem靜荷載 static load 靜矩，一次矩 st

7、atic moment頸縮 necking K 開口薄壁桿 bar of thin-walled open cross section抗拉強度 ultimate stress in tension 抗扭截面系數(shù) section modulus in torsion抗扭強度 ultimate stress in torsion 抗彎截面系數(shù) section modulus in bending L拉壓剛度 axial rigidity拉壓桿，軸向承載桿 axially loaded bar 理想彈塑性假設(shè) elastic-perfectly plastic assumption力法 force

8、method 力學(xué)性能 mechanical properties 連續(xù)梁 continuous beam連續(xù)條件 continuity condition梁 beams 臨界應(yīng)力 critical stress 臨界荷載 critical load M 邁因納定律 Miners law名義屈服強度 offset yielding stress 莫爾強度理論 Mohr theory of failure 敏感柵 sensitive grid N 撓度 deflection撓曲軸 deflection curve 撓曲軸方程 equation of deflection curve 撓曲軸近似微

9、分方程 approximately differential equation of the deflection curve 內(nèi)力 internal forces 扭力矩 twisting moment 扭矩 torsional moment 扭矩圖 torque diagram扭轉(zhuǎn) torsion 扭轉(zhuǎn)極限應(yīng)力 ultimate stress in torsion 扭轉(zhuǎn)角 angel of twist扭轉(zhuǎn)屈服強度 yielding stress in torsion 扭轉(zhuǎn)剛度 torsional rigidity O 歐拉公式 Eulers formula P 疲勞極限，條件疲勞極限 en

10、durance limit 疲勞破壞 fatigue rupture疲勞壽命 fatigue life偏心拉伸 eccentric tension 偏心壓縮 eccentric compression 平均應(yīng)力 average stress平面彎曲 plane bending 平面應(yīng)力狀態(tài) state of plane stress 平行移軸定理 parallel axis theorem平面假設(shè) plane cross-section assumption Q 強度 strength強度理論 theory of strength 強度條件 strength condition切變模量 she

11、ar modulus切應(yīng)變 shear strain 切應(yīng)力 shear stress 切應(yīng)力互等定理 theorem of conjugate shearing stress 屈服 yield 屈服強度 yield strength全橋接線法 full bridge R 熱應(yīng)力 thermal stress S 三向應(yīng)力狀態(tài) state of triaxial stress 三軸直角應(yīng)變花 three-element rectangular rosette三軸等角應(yīng)變花 three-element delta rosette 失穩(wěn) buckling伸長率 elongation 圣維南原理 S

12、aint-Venants principle 實驗應(yīng)力分析 experimental stress analysis塑性變形，殘余變形 plastic deformationductile materials塑性材料，延性材料塑性鉸 plastic hinge T 彈簧常量 spring constant 彈性變形 elastic deformation彈性模量 modulus of elasticity體積力 body force 體積改變能密度 density of energy of volume change 體應(yīng)變 volume strain W 彎矩 bending moment

13、彎矩方程 equation of bending moment 彎矩圖 bending moment diagram彎曲 bending 彎曲剛度 flexural rigidity彎曲正應(yīng)力 normal stress in bending 彎曲切應(yīng)力 shear stress in bending 彎曲中心 shear center 位移法 displacement method 位移互等定理 reciprocal-displacement theorem穩(wěn)定條件 stability condition穩(wěn)定性 stability穩(wěn)定安全因數(shù) safety factor for stabil

14、ity X細(xì)長比，柔度 slenderness ratio 線性彈性體 linear elastic body 約束扭轉(zhuǎn) constraint torsion 相當(dāng)長度，有效長度 equivalent length 相當(dāng)應(yīng)力 equivalent stress小柔度桿 short columns 形心軸 centroidal axis形狀系數(shù) shape factor 許用應(yīng)力 allowable stress 許用應(yīng)力法 allowable stress method 許用荷載 allowable load許用荷載法 allowable load method Y 應(yīng)變花 strain ro

15、sette 應(yīng)變計 strain gage應(yīng)變能 strain energy應(yīng)變能密度 strain energy density應(yīng)力 stress應(yīng)力速率 stress ratio 應(yīng)力比 stress ratio 應(yīng)力幅 stress amplitude應(yīng)力狀態(tài) state of stress 應(yīng)力集中 stress concentration 應(yīng)力集中因數(shù) stress concentration factor 應(yīng)力壽命曲線，S-N曲線 stress-cycle curve 應(yīng)力應(yīng)變圖 stress-strain diagram應(yīng)力圓，莫爾圓 Mohrs circle for stres

16、ses Z 正應(yīng)變 normal strain正應(yīng)力 normal stress 中面 middle plane 中柔度桿 intermediate columns 中性層 neutral surface 中性軸 neutral axis 軸 shaft軸力 axial force 軸力圖 axial force diagram軸向變形 axial deformation軸向拉伸 axial tension軸向壓縮 axial compression主平面 principal planes主應(yīng)力 principal stress 主應(yīng)力跡線 principal stress trajectory主軸 principal axis主慣性矩 principal moment of inertia 主形心慣性矩 principal centroidal moments of inertia 主形心軸 principal centroidal axis 轉(zhuǎn)角 angel