1、Task writing-Summary Task writingContent 1.2. Summary (about 30 words) Your opinion, argument and conclusion (about 120 words)What is a summary? A shortened version of the text Main points of the text Written in your own words A summary is a brief account of the main points of an article in your own

2、 words . What should be paid attention to to write a good summary of an article?Can we mainly use our own words or the sentences in the original passage?Can we judge the writing style?3. Can we write it in the first person or the third person?4. Can we express our opinion?summaryunderstandingtopic s

3、entenceskey wordsset sentence patternssummarize/rewritethe writing stylethe 3rd person*Styles of passageNarration（記敘）（記敘） 12Exposition（說明）（說明）3Argumentation（議論）（議論）說明文和新聞報道記敘文議論文中心句(通常在首段) 抓好關鍵詞現(xiàn)象分析型說明文: “現(xiàn)象” “現(xiàn)象形成原因” “解決問題的方法或建議” “五何”: 何時 (when), 何地 (where), 何人 (who), 何事 (what) ,結果如何 (how) 夾敘夾議型: 加

4、上作者的看法或感想等 以第三人稱或無人稱來概括找出中心論點以及最后的結論， 再補充論據(jù)針對不同文體寫短文概要閱讀時劃出每一句的主語 誰 主語謂語形容詞短文中出現(xiàn)最多的主語名詞，通常就是大意句的主語。“干什么” “怎么樣”觀點和態(tài)度如何尋找關鍵詞褒：贊成 or 肯定貶：反對 or 否定exposition概要句型模板1. According to the passage, we know that. From the passage, we can know that.2. In this passage, the writer / author states / thinks / argues

5、 that.3. In this passage, the writer/author tells us about.4. The story / passage is about.5. The story / passage mainly tells us that.6. Its reported that. As is reported in the passage, .narration the six elements of a narrative passage whowhenwhere What (event)How (process)why Hi, I am Mike. I ju

6、st went through my first year of college. The toughest part on me at first was the general adjustment. I went to a very small high school where my mom was a teacher and she did practically everything for me. But at the college I need to know some basic life skills, such as balancing a check-book, la

7、undry, and the things you have to be able to handle that I never thought of in the high school! It was really tough for me at first and I got badly homesick. Once that first semester was over and I got used to the college life, I love itgood facilities, helpful instructors, and a good library. The s

8、tudents Union organizes various parties every week. I also go to cinemas and concerts, and often spend Saturday nights in pubs and clubs. One thing I think is important is to get yourself active in things. I was on dance team in college and met a ton of people that wayit was so much easier to make f

9、riends when you had a common ground. the six elements of a narrative passage who When/where /What How (process)At first: Then: At last: why MikeHis first year of collegetoughestadjustmentgot used to itlove the college lifeGet himself active in things套用語句1.摘要的開頭語(第一段開頭語)(1)記敘文的摘要開頭語:The story/passage

10、 is aboutThe writer/author tells us about.The story mainly tells us that. _his first year of college life. At first he _, but aftergetting active in things for one semester,he _ and_ .didnt adjust himself welladapted to itenjoyed himselfTry it!2008年廣東高考讀寫任務年廣東高考讀寫任務 Passage 1 I took a trip to a big

11、lake in Indonesia with my family two years ago. It was really a huge lake with beautiful scenery all around. People were amazed by the endless view in front of our eyes. Later on, unlike other girls, I volunteered to go water-skiing alone, I put on the life jacket, got on the motorboat immediately a

12、nd started my engine as soon as possible. The lake seemed broad and endless, I was so thrilled to enjoy my trip among the mountains and waters that I sped my motorboat. Then, after some time, I found myself in the middle of the endless lake. A sudden fear came around me. I didnt know where I was or

13、even how far I had gone from the shore. What was worse, it began to rain and it became very cold and foggy. I rode everywhere but find my way back. It was useless for me to cry or shout for help. I was so terrified that I began to think about all kinds of horrible things. After floating on the water

14、 helpless and hopelessly for a long time, suddenly I heard someone calling my name. Soon, a big steamboat sailed to me and they pulled me up to the deck and asked me if I was hurt, I couldnt say a word but cried out in my fathers arms.whowhenwherewhatwhyhowresultwhat to learn材料分析材料分析“I”two years ago

15、“writer”a trip to a big lake in Indonesiagot lostwent to water-skiing alone,too thrilledfather came to her We may begin like these: 1.The passage is about the writers unforgettable experience to water-skiing. 2.The writer tells us about his unforgettable experience to water-skiing.3.The story is abo

16、ut the writer who went to water- skiing .4.The author tells us that the writer went to water-skiing.*Possible version：. The author tells us that she went to water-skiing. she was too excited and enjoyed herself that soon she got lost. Fortunately, her father came to rescue her.(28 words)passage 2 Ev

17、eryone has an experience they would rather forget. Some are embarrassing, some are moving, and some teach us a lesson. Here is a story of mine. Last Sunday I went fishing. After setting up my fishing rod（釣魚竿）（釣魚竿） with bait（魚餌）（魚餌）, I sat down on the bank of the lake. But two hours later, I didnt ca

18、tch any fish. I got very angry and began to pack up my stuff（收拾東西）（收拾東西）, preparing to go back home. Just then, I saw an old man sitting near me. To my surprise, his basket was full of fish, so I went over to him, wanting to know why. “Excuse me, but how long have you sat here?” I asked. “About four

19、 hours,” he answered. “Four hours?” I couldnt believe my ears. “Yes. Its very important to be patient,” the old man said. “ Dont consider fishing a tiring sport. Just enjoy it.” Suddenly, I understood what he said. I must learn to be patient. Then I sat there and waited for fish patiently. I felt a

20、fish touch the bait, but I didnt move and waited for the right moment to reel it in（卷收釣魚線）（卷收釣魚線）. At last, I caught it. This made me very happy. In the following six hours, I caught over 10 fish. On my way home, I thought what had happened on the bank. I gradually realized that the secret of succes

21、s was patience. whowhenwherewhatwhyhowresultwhat to learn材料分析材料分析the writer, an old manon the bank of the lakewas taught a lesson by an old mancaught 10 fish when going fishing last SundayPatience is important.Patience is the secret of success. In this passage, the writer mainly tells us his experie

22、nce of fishing and was taught an unforgettable lesson by an old man. He knew the importance of patience and finally got some fish.(33 words）*Possible version：2.摘要后過渡語:在寫完摘要之后,要有過渡詞或過渡句,才使上下文自然銜接記敘文的過渡語(引出類似的經歷引出類似的經歷)This story reminds me of another story that happened toThis story reminds me of a s

23、imilar experience ofI also went through such an experience.I have a similar experience.have/has a similar experience as.The elements of an argumentation1.a strong statement of opinion. (the topic sentences)2.support for the opinion. (supporting sentences)3. conclusion/suggestions.(the purpose of the

24、 passage)Argumentation Methods:1. Find out the topic sentences/ key phrases2. Find out the supporting evidences or facts.3. Find out the words or phrases that appear most frequently.How to summarize an argumentation well? Getting up early has been regard as a good habit since ancient times. Many yea

25、rs ago, people thought that if we went to bed early and get up early, we would be energetic the whole day. So, getting up early is of great importance to us all. In fact, morning is the best time of a day. In the morning, the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best conditions. Many of

26、 us may have the experiences that we memorize some things more quickly and accurately in the morning than any other time of the day. If we do some morning exercise or only take a short walk in the morning, we can build our bodies and become much healthier. Also we will have enough time to make a pla

27、n and get ready for our work or study of the day if we get up early. However, if we get up late, we will probably have to do everything in a great hurry. Let us remember getting up early is a good habit and try our best to keep it. If we stick to getting up early every day, we will certainly benefit

28、 a lot from it.1. A strong statement of opinion. (the key idea):Getting up early /a good habit /of great importance 2. Support for the opinion (supporting sentences) a better memorya better memory a healthier body a healthier body a better preparation for the day a better preparation for the day3. C

29、onclusion/suggestions.a good habit / benefit a lot/ benefit a lot The passage says getting up early in the morning is a good habit that will benefit us a lot. It enables us to have a better memory, healthier body and better preparation for the day.Some sentence patterns：The passage says/This passage

30、 states thatIn the writers opinion,The writer thinks that如何提高作文檔次如何提高作文檔次(1)表達精練簡潔:不羅嗦,若能用非謂語動詞做定語或狀語就不要用定語從句或狀語從句.(2)避免語法和拼寫的低級錯誤,避免被扣印象分.(3)保證賞心悅目:注重字體的美化,保持卷面整潔,提高印象分.(4)句子錯落有致:根據(jù)表達需要,交叉使用長句與短句,簡單句與復合句.(5)句式多種多樣:多樣化句式,方能顯示較強的語言功底,大大提高作文檔次.多樣化句式多樣化句式(1)用it is/was that強調句強調句式.(2)用作狀語的介詞短語開頭的完全倒裝完全倒

31、裝句或用 以only in this way 等開頭的部分倒裝部分倒裝句.(3)用with的復合結構的復合結構(with+賓語+賓補)作狀語.(4)用非謂語動詞非謂語動詞簡化狀語從句或并列結構.(5)用what引導的名詞性從句引導的名詞性從句.(6)用獨立主格獨立主格結構.(7)恰當運用感嘆句感嘆句,被動句被動句等.(8)適當使用插入語插入語,如to be honest, I guess, I think, personally.(9)盡量用短語短語代替單詞來表達同樣的意思.(10)恰當使用關聯(lián)詞語, 除使用復合句的連詞外,寫作中經常用到的關聯(lián)詞關聯(lián)詞:舉例舉例:for example; fo

32、r instance, such as 列舉列舉:for one thingand for another 一來,二來 .轉折轉折:however(然而),but(但是),after all(畢竟).總結總結:in a word/in brief(總之),in conclusion(最后).因果因果:thanks to, as a result(of), due to , therefore, so.強調強調:indeed(確實),certainly(一定), above all(尤其).對比: in the same way(同樣地), just as(正如), compared with(

33、與相比), on the one handand on the other hand 一方面,另一方面.遞進: then(然后), besides(此外,還有),whats more(而且).豐富的句式：豐富的句式：( (常用到的句型結構）常用到的句型結構） 利用不同的句型來表達同一個意思，增添文采。 e.g. What a kind boy he is! How disappointed he was ! 感嘆句感嘆句強調句強調句e.g. It was this young boy that helped the old granny. I do hope you can come if p

34、ossible. e.g. Only in this way can you solve this problem. There comes the police car. Hardly had they got to the station when they met the young man.e.g. They read while walking or riding on a bus. Come to me if necessary.e.g. I saw a young lady walking slowly in the street with a handbag in her ha

35、nd.倒裝句倒裝句省略句省略句With結構結構 e.g. 1. In my opinion, cyber cafes should be a place where we can find much useful information. 2. Lets come to the main teaching building, at the back of which standsthe school library.定語從句定語從句e.g. 1. Thats what I should do. 2. We should do a favour to whoever needs help at

36、present.各種名詞性從句各種名詞性從句 e.g. 1.Time passed quickly before we knew it. 2.The moment we reached the farm, we got down to harvesting. 3.So long as we work harder at our lessons, well catch up sooner or later.各種狀語從句各種狀語從句1. To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.（使用名詞性從句）2. Though Im weak,

37、 Ill make the effort. (使用倒裝句)3. He did not know what had happened until he had read the news in the newspaper.(使用強調句型) 4. I passed the physics exam because of your help.(用虛擬語氣）What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.Practice 怎樣使用較豐富的句式和高級詞匯怎樣使用較豐富的句式和高級詞匯Weak as I am, Ill mak

38、e the effort. It was not until he had read the news in the newspaper that he knew what had happened. I couldnt have passed the physics exam but for your help. 5. She walked out of the lab and many students followed her. (使用過去分詞)6. They sang and laughed as they went back to school.( 使用V-ing形式)7.I wont believe what he sa