1、語法專題語法專題介詞及介詞短語介詞及介詞短語 1(2013湖北卷)An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered _a long lost antique Greek vase. Aat randomBby chance Cin turn Don occasion 解析：at random隨意地；by chance偶然；in turn輪流，依次；on occasion有時(shí)，間或。這里表示坐輪渡的時(shí)候“偶然”發(fā)現(xiàn)了古董，因此選B項(xiàng)。句意為：最近，一名畫家坐輪渡到南島，意外發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)

2、失蹤很久的古希臘花瓶。 答案：B 2(2013福建卷)Mrs Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess，as her children are always _whenever she tries to. Ain the way Bon watch Cin sight Don the line 解析：句意為：史密斯太太覺得很難把雜亂的東西收拾好，因?yàn)闊o論她什么時(shí)候試圖整理，她的孩子們總是礙手礙腳。本題考查介詞短語辨析。A.擋道；B.值班，守夜；C.看得見；D.冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 答案：A 3(2013遼寧卷)_everyone here，I wish you a

3、pleasant journey back to your country. ABy means of BOn behalf of CIn search of DFor fear of 解析： 句意為：我代表這兒的每一個(gè)人，希望你們的回國旅程愉快。考查介詞短語。A.依靠方法；B.代表；C.尋找；D.唯恐。B項(xiàng)符合句意。 答案：B 4(2013陜西卷)The manager wants to see changes in the company，and I am sure he will_. Ain particular Bin turn Cin charge Din time 解析：句意為：經(jīng)

4、理想看到公司的變化，我確信他遲早會(huì)看到的?？疾榻樵~短語辨析。A.尤其是，特別是；B.輪流，依次；C.負(fù)責(zé)；D.最終，遲早。D項(xiàng)符合句意。 答案：D 5(2012湖北卷)The furniture，with its modern style and bright colors，suits modern houses and their gardens，but looks_ in the garden of a traditional home. Aout of question Bout of order Cout of sight Dout of place 解析：考查介詞短語辨析。句意為：這

5、款家具款式時(shí)尚，顏色鮮艷，適合放在現(xiàn)代化的房子和花園里，但是放在傳統(tǒng)住宅的花園里就顯得不倫不類了。out of question沒問題；out of order出故障；out of sight看不見；out of place不適當(dāng)，不得體。根據(jù)句意可知，選D。 答案：D 6(2012江蘇卷)Thank God youre safe! I stepped back，just _to avoid the racing car. Ain time Bin case Cin need Din vain 解析：考查介詞短語辨析。句意為：謝天謝地，你安全了！我向后退了一步，正好及時(shí)避過了賽車。in tim

6、e及時(shí)；in case萬一，假使；in need需要；in vain徒勞，無濟(jì)于事。根據(jù)語境可知A項(xiàng)正確。 答案：A 7(2012福建卷)China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals _all its citizens. Ain charge of Bfor the purpose of Cin honor of Dfor the benefit of 解析： 考查介詞短語辨析。句意為：為了全體公民的利益，中國一直在推進(jìn)公立醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)的改革。in charge of負(fù)責(zé)，主管；for the purpose of為了；in honor

7、 of向表示敬意；for the benefit of為的利益。 答案：D 8(2012江西卷)He seems to be giving the impression that he didnt enjoy himself in Paris._，he had a wonderful time. AAbove all BWhats more CAs a result DOn the contrary 解析：考查短語的用法。句意為：他似乎在給人留下他在巴黎玩得不開心的印象。相反，他在巴黎玩得非常開心。根據(jù)“didnt enjoy himself”和“had a wonderful time”可知

8、，空前后是鮮明的對(duì)比，故用On the contrary，表示“相反”。above all表示“尤其是，最重要的是”；whats more表示“更有甚者，更為重要的是”；as a result表示“結(jié)果”。 答案：D介詞的普通用法介詞的普通用法 【典例1】 Four Chinese models were _ the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the World Supermodel Competition. Aamong Bbetween Calong Dbeside答案A【典例2】 Nowadays some hospitals refer

9、 to patients _ name, not case number.(2010江西)Aof Bas Cby Dwith答案C【典例【典例3】 _ the crisis of economy getting more and more serious, the government is searching for ways to improve peoples life.(2013揚(yáng)州調(diào)研)AAs BWith CWhen DIf答案B Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back _ a big tree.(2010四川)A. in B. below

10、C. beside D. against選D Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are _ everyones enjoyment. (2010北京)A. in B. at C. for D. to選C?！镜淅?】【典例4】介詞短語介詞短語 1?？嫉摹敖樵~名詞介詞”短語 in favor of支持，贊成in memory of紀(jì)念，懷念 in exchange for交換 in agreement with同意，贊成 in search of尋找 in terms of就而言 in case of萬一 in s

11、upport of支持 in face of面對(duì) in preference to更喜歡 in place of取代 in spite of盡管 in view of鑒于 in charge of負(fù)責(zé) in need of需要 in the form of用的形式 in the direction of朝方向 in the absence of在不在時(shí)，沒有時(shí) in addition to另外 in the name of以的名義 by means of用方式 for lack of因?yàn)槿狈?as a result of由于，因?yàn)?on behalf of代表 at the mercy of在

12、的支配下，任由擺布at the expense/cost of以為代價(jià)on account of由于，因?yàn)閕n honor of紀(jì)念，懷念；為表示敬意【典例6】 When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _ younger men. (2011湖北，30)Ain terms of Bin need ofCin favor of Din praise of答案C【典例7】 More and more highrise buildi

13、ngs have been built in big cities _ space.(2010福建)Ain search of Bin place of Cfor lack of Dfor fear of答案C 2?？嫉摹敖樵~名詞/形容詞”短語 (1)in名詞/形容詞 in fact實(shí)際上 in detail詳細(xì)地 in case假使 in advance事先 in store即將發(fā)生 in time及時(shí) in danger處于危險(xiǎn)中 in turn輪流 in order井井有條 in return作為回報(bào) in other words換句話說 in relief寬慰 in comfort寬慰

14、 in reality事實(shí)上 in public公開地 in short總之 in general一般說 in particular特別是 in no time很快 in no case決不 in vain徒勞 in common共同地 in the distance在遠(yuǎn)處 in a sense從某種意義上說 in the long run從長遠(yuǎn)來看 in place在正確位置，處理妥當(dāng) (2)by名詞 by accident偶爾 by chance偶然 by design故意 by turns輪流 by no means決不 by mistake錯(cuò)誤地 by the way順便說 By no

15、 means should you give up when you are in trouble. 當(dāng)處境困難時(shí)你決不應(yīng)該放棄。 (3)out of名詞 out of curiosity出于好奇 out of respect出于尊敬 out of sympathy出于同情 out of date過期了 out of order發(fā)生故障 out of patience失去耐心 out of work失業(yè) out of control失控 out of question毫無疑問 out of reach夠不著 out of the question不可能 out of danger脫險(xiǎn) out

16、of fashion不合時(shí)尚 out of touch聯(lián)系不上 out of breath氣喘吁吁 out of shape變形 out of sight看不見 out of balance失衡 out of range超出范圍 (2011四川高考)Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of childrens reach. 記住把像刀子之類的危險(xiǎn)的東西放在孩子夠不著的地方?！镜淅?】The furniture，with its modern style and bright colors，suits modern

17、 houses and their gardens，but looks _ in the garden of a traditional home.Aout of question Bout of orderCout of sight Dout of place【典例8】We give dogs time, space and love we can spare, and _， dogs give us their all.(2010江西)Ain all Bin fact Cin short Din return答案D答案D3動(dòng)詞介詞account for說明agree on對(duì)達(dá)成協(xié)議begi

18、n with以開始come across碰見go into調(diào)查keep from阻止look for尋找stand for代表agree with 同意(某人意見)answer for對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)wait for等待decide on對(duì)作出決定head for向前進(jìn)live on靠生活look into調(diào)查stick to堅(jiān)持agree to同意(某種安排等)aim at針對(duì)call for要求get into進(jìn)入hear from接到的信、電話look after照顧run into碰到wait on招待4動(dòng)詞副詞介詞add up to合計(jì)達(dá)come up with提出get on with與相處

19、融洽look down upon看不起look up to敬仰(某人)put up with忍受come up against遭到反對(duì)do away with廢除keep up with跟上look forward to盼望make up for彌補(bǔ)stand out for堅(jiān)決要求come up to達(dá)到get down to開始認(rèn)真考慮live up to不辜負(fù)(期望)look out for當(dāng)心run out of用完stick out for堅(jiān)持要求5動(dòng)詞名詞介詞catch sight of突然看見make room for為騰出地方take pride in以為榮make frien

20、ds with和交朋友pay attention to注意show interest in對(duì)感興趣make fun of取笑take care of照顧take part in參加 6?？嫉钠渌樵~短語 according to根據(jù)，按照 regardless of不管，不顧 far from遠(yuǎn)非，完全不是 on the other hand另一方面 on the contrary相反 as a matter of fact事實(shí)上 instead of而不是 as well as也，還 except for除外 due to由于 owing to由于 thanks to多虧，由于 as a r

21、esult結(jié)果 as a consequence結(jié)果 apart from除外 rather than而不是 more than不僅僅 as for/to至于 beyond sb.某人無法理解 beyond recognition無法辨認(rèn) beyond repair無法修理 beyond description無法描述 (2011福建高考)Apart from good service，the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes. 除了良好的服務(wù)，飯店還提供不同種類的傳統(tǒng)閩菜。 (2010安徽高考)I h

22、avent seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beyond recognition. 自從Sara還是個(gè)小女孩的時(shí)候，我就一直沒見過她。她現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)變得(讓人)認(rèn)不出來了。7.考查of+抽象名詞的用法“of+抽象名詞”的用法與形容詞相同，在句中可作表語、定語、補(bǔ)語。of+ great/much +抽象名詞=very+名詞的形容詞形式of+ no+抽象名詞=not+名詞的形容詞形式It is of great value.=It is very valuable.It is of no use.=It is usel

23、ess. The camel is of great help to the Arab. The camel is very helpful to the Arab.8.定語從句中“介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞”的用法【典型考例】1. By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma , _ appeared a rare rainbow soon. A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which2. For many cit

24、ies in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _ New York is an example. A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which1. D 2. C3. Why does she always ask you for help? There is no one else _, is there? A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn4. The

25、schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs _ they are being trained. in that B. for that C. in which D. for which 1(2013湖北襄陽高三調(diào)研)It isnt wise to spend all your salary every month. Keep some money_，just in case. Ain reserve Bin returnCin need Din charge 解析：考查介詞短語辨析。

26、句意為：每個(gè)月的工資全都花光是很不明智的。你應(yīng)該留點(diǎn)兒錢，以防萬一。in reserve備用；in return作為回報(bào)；in need需要，in charge負(fù)責(zé)。 答案：A 2(2013湖北黃岡質(zhì)量檢測(cè))We havent seen each other for many years，so I am quite_the plan that we have a party this weekend. Ain place of Bin favor of Cin honor of Din need of 解析： 考查介詞短語辨析。句意為：我們已經(jīng)很多年沒有見面了，所以我非常贊成這周末辦個(gè)聚會(huì)的計(jì)

27、劃。in place of代替；in favor of支持，贊同；in honor of為了向表示崇敬；in need of需要。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。 答案：B 3(2013湖北省武漢市二月調(diào)研)His remark was considered to be quite _，because it deepened the gap between two parties and caused more conflicts. Aout of place Bout of mind Cout of question Dout of order 解析： 考查介詞短語辨析。根據(jù)空后面的“deepened

28、 the gap.more conflicts”可知out of place(不得體，不適當(dāng))正確。out of mind心不在焉；out of question毫無疑問；out of order有毛病，出故障。 答案：A 4(2013湖北八校第二次聯(lián)考)Some questions may come to you during the interview，but you can and should make good preparations_. Aby design Bin advance Cin person Dby chance 解析：考查介詞短語辨析。句意為：面試時(shí)會(huì)問你一些問題，

29、但你可以而且應(yīng)該提前做好準(zhǔn)備。故用in advance，表示“提前”。by design故意地；in person親自；by chance碰巧。 答案：B 5(2013湖北八校三月調(diào)考)Somehow this seems to me to be _.How could a team that had fought for Canada before suddenly become citizens of the USA? Aout of place Bout of shape Cout of question Dout of control 解析： 考查介詞短語辨析。 句意為：不管怎么著，這

30、樣的事在我看來是不合適的。以前一直為加拿大效力的一支隊(duì)伍怎么會(huì)突然變成美國公民呢？out of place表示“不適當(dāng)，不得體”，符合句意。out of shape變形的；out of question毫無疑問；out of control失控。 答案：A 6(2013湖北省十堰市兩校4月聯(lián)考)_your present bad mood，youd better put off the work till next week，when you may be in higher spirits. AIn spite of BIn terms of CIn view of DIn place of

31、 解析：考查介詞短語辨析。句意為：考慮到你現(xiàn)在的情緒不好，你最好把工作推遲到下周，到時(shí)你可能會(huì)情緒高點(diǎn)。in view of考慮到，鑒于，符合句意。in spite of盡管，不管；in terms of就而言；in place of代替，頂替。 答案：C 7(2013湖北春季宜昌三校三月聯(lián)考)The secretary always acts as if she were_the company，which makes her colleagues very disgusted. Ain charge of Bin terms of Cin honor of Din favor of 解析：

32、 考查介詞短語辨析。句意為：那位秘書總是表現(xiàn)得仿佛是她負(fù)責(zé)掌管這家公司的，這令她的同事非常反感。in charge of負(fù)責(zé)，掌管，符合句意。in terms of從方面來說；in honor of為了表示對(duì)的崇敬；in favor of支持。 答案：A 8(2013湖北黃岡部分中學(xué)統(tǒng)一調(diào)研)The importance of trees and grasses lies in that they can not only help hold the good soil_ but also purify the polluted air. Ain need Bin place Cin turn

33、 Din store 解析：考查介詞短語辨析。句意為：樹木和草的重要性在于它們不僅有助于保持好的土壤，而且還能凈化被污染的空氣。in place在正確的位置，符合句意。in need需要；in turn依次，輪流；in store將要發(fā)生。 答案：B揭密?？嫉慕樵~短語(1)含有at的短語at a time一次at least至少at the same time同時(shí),at all costs不惜一切代價(jià)at most至多at times有時(shí)候at first最初at once立即at will任意地at last最后at present目前at work起作用(2)含有by的短語,by accident偶然by day/night白天/夜間by heart能背誦by turns輪流by birth出身by no means絕不,by chance偶然by mistake錯(cuò)誤地by the way順便說一下by chance偶然by the way順便說一下(3)含有in的短語,in a sense從某種意義上說in case假使in fact實(shí)際上,in ones opinion在某人看來in o