1、短文改錯考點考點201520142013動詞現(xiàn)在完成進行現(xiàn)完過去時過去時名詞單復(fù)數(shù)adj.轉(zhuǎn)n.復(fù)數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞（advice）形容詞修飾作用（2）無修飾作用無副詞before與ago區(qū)別cut off轉(zhuǎn) cut down無much多余冠詞固定搭配多余the缺少a缺少代詞復(fù)合不定代詞復(fù)合不定代詞人稱代詞無介詞固定搭配多余think over改think abouton改成in連詞轉(zhuǎn)折（but）選擇（or）or改成soor改成and從句主語從句（what）2015-年全國卷短文改錯考點分析改錯格式下面短文中有10處語言錯誤。請在有錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞。 增加: 在缺詞處加一個漏字符號

2、(), 并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除: 把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。 修改: 在錯的詞下畫一橫線, 并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意: 1. 每句不超過兩個錯誤; 2. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞; 3. 只允許修改10處, 多者(從第11處起)不計分。直擊考點詞類句類非謂語動詞固定搭配 考點一：動詞考查方式考查方式: (1)作賓語或狀語用的動詞不定式缺作賓語或狀語用的動詞不定式缺to。(2)不及物動詞的間接賓語缺少介詞。不及物動詞的間接賓語缺少介詞。(3)及物動詞與直接賓語間有多余的介詞。及物動詞與直接賓語間有多余的介詞。(4)某些及物動詞某些及物動詞, 因詞義混淆因詞義混淆, 用了多余的

3、介詞或副詞。用了多余的介詞或副詞。(5)某些及物動詞的固定詞組中某些及物動詞的固定詞組中, 直接賓語前用了多余的不定冠詞。直接賓語前用了多余的不定冠詞。(6)動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)錯用。動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)錯用。(7)非謂語動詞混用。非謂語動詞混用。(8)主謂不一致。主謂不一致。海南 Li Ming came see me every day. 全國二From then on,weve kept touch with another through e-mails.arrive, come, craw, die, dive, walk, go, run, come, fall, flow, happen,

4、rise,agree常見不及物動詞海南wed like to invite for you to the exhibition. 動詞的及物性動詞的及物性全國一To begin with, all of us can start reducing to the use of oil by driving only when we have a real need. 解析：reduce為及物動詞，故不需要加介詞“to”常見不及物動詞：agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit,

5、sail, hurry, fail, succeed. 時態(tài)錯用時態(tài)錯用全國一I hold my lunch-box in my hand when I was going to school. 海南Then I invited Li Ming over in my place. We listen to my CDs together and soon become best friends. 解析：根據(jù)時間狀語從句可知主句動詞應(yīng)使用一般過去時，故hold改為held解析：根據(jù)上一句動詞推測出listen和become都應(yīng)該為一般過去時。全國一Since then-we had been a

6、llowing tomatoes to self seed where they please . 解析：since是完成時標(biāo)志詞，根據(jù)since then自從那以后 可知，謂語動詞應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時，因此應(yīng)把“had”改成“have”非謂語動詞錯用非謂語動詞錯用海南Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner,全國二Third,we should find ways to reuse the water using in washing,主謂不一致主謂不一致海南卷but the

7、 only clothes I had was those I had on.全國二When I got back, it were already 6 pm.考點二：名詞考查方式考查方式: (1)本該用復(fù)數(shù)名詞卻用了單數(shù)形式本該用復(fù)數(shù)名詞卻用了單數(shù)形式, 或本該用單數(shù)名詞卻使或本該用單數(shù)名詞卻使用了復(fù)數(shù)形式。用了復(fù)數(shù)形式。(2)不可數(shù)名詞前加了冠詞不可數(shù)名詞前加了冠詞a/an, 或用了復(fù)數(shù)形式?；蛴昧藦?fù)數(shù)形式。名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)全國二that he begged my parents to stay another couple of day.全國一One of my unforgettabl

8、e memory of my school in Xinjiang is that of lunches we brought from our homes. 最常見不可數(shù)名詞：advice, baggage, change(零錢), furniture, hair, homework, information, knowledge, luggage, money, news, progress, traffic名詞所有格名詞所有格海南I first met Li Ming at a friend birthday party five years ago. 考點三：冠詞考查方式: (1)單數(shù)

9、可數(shù)名詞前要加冠詞。(2)不定冠詞與定冠詞的區(qū)別。 (3)固定短語中冠詞的使用錯誤。（4）復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前加不定冠詞海南My friend Nick told me story about his experience back in the US，陜西It is such great hotel that I will recommend it to any friend of mine who is going to Beijing. 全國二To deal with a problem,I think,we should first go all out to plant trees遼寧Wh

10、en, however, on Monday, January 16, a science fiction film about visitors from outer space was shown on television, there was the immediate increase in reports of sightings from all parts of the States. 全國二In other words,we would be separated for long time.考點四考點四 代詞代詞 考查方式考查方式: (1)人稱代詞人稱代詞, 物主代詞物主代詞

11、, 反身代詞指代時是否一致。反身代詞指代時是否一致。(2)it作形式主語、形式賓語或指代時有無缺漏。作形式主語、形式賓語或指代時有無缺漏?！镜淅淅?. (新課標(biāo)全國卷新課標(biāo)全國卷)I was happy when the toys worked, but when things went wrong, I got angry and broke it. 【點撥點撥】2. (陜西高考陜西高考)It is such a great hotel that I will recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing. 【點撥點撥】

12、【跟蹤演練跟蹤演練】1. (陜西高考陜西高考)As she did this, lots of tea splashed on his T-shirt. 【解析解析】hisher。當(dāng)她做這件事時。當(dāng)她做這件事時, 許多茶水濺在了她的許多茶水濺在了她的T恤上。這里表示的是一恤上。這里表示的是一位女士位女士, 因此應(yīng)該把因此應(yīng)該把his改為改為her。2. (四川高考四川高考)And after many attempts, she passed her driving test and told her husband that, to celebrate, he was going to dr

13、ive him over to France for a holiday. 【解析解析】heshe。句子的意思是妻子開車帶著丈夫去法國度假。句子的意思是妻子開車帶著丈夫去法國度假, 所以應(yīng)該用女士的所以應(yīng)該用女士的she。考點五考點五 形容詞和副詞形容詞和副詞 1. 考查方式考查方式: (1)形容詞和副詞的誤用。形容詞和副詞的誤用。(2)本該用形容詞卻用名詞作表語。本該用形容詞卻用名詞作表語。(3)單音節(jié)形容詞比較級前用多余的單音節(jié)形容詞比較級前用多余的more。例如。例如: more longer。(4)形容詞和副詞最高級誤用。形容詞和副詞最高級誤用。2. 突破技巧突破技巧: (1)修飾名詞

14、要用形容詞。修飾名詞要用形容詞。(2)修飾動詞、副詞、形容詞或整個句子用副詞。修飾動詞、副詞、形容詞或整個句子用副詞。(3)結(jié)合語境注意比較級和最高級的使用。結(jié)合語境注意比較級和最高級的使用。【典例典例】 (陜西高考陜西高考)We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. 【點撥點撥】【跟蹤演練跟蹤演練】1. (新課標(biāo)全國卷新課標(biāo)全國卷)I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. 【解析解析】littleless。根據(jù)句意。

15、根據(jù)句意, 我不得不多一些耐心我不得不多一些耐心, 少一些好斗少一些好斗, 可知這里用可知這里用less, 與與more對比。對比。2. (浙江高考浙江高考)Unfortunate, I had an accident and hit another car. . . 【解析解析】UnfortunateUnfortunately。這里應(yīng)該用副詞修飾整個句子。這里應(yīng)該用副詞修飾整個句子, 作整個句子作整個句子的狀語的狀語, 因此改為副詞。因此改為副詞。考點六考點六 介詞和介詞短語介詞和介詞短語 考查方式考查方式: (1)介詞的含義很多介詞的含義很多, 可表示時間、地點、方向、方位、狀可表示時間、

16、地點、方向、方位、狀態(tài)、方式、方法、手段等。短文改錯時應(yīng)根據(jù)句子意義或態(tài)、方式、方法、手段等。短文改錯時應(yīng)根據(jù)句子意義或上下文檢查介詞是否用得準確。上下文檢查介詞是否用得準確。(2)介詞在句中不能單獨作謂語。介詞在句中不能單獨作謂語。(3)不該用介詞時用了介詞不該用介詞時用了介詞, 如如next year常寫成常寫成in next year。(4)介詞與動詞組成的詞組要多加注意。介詞與動詞組成的詞組要多加注意。【典例典例】1. (新課標(biāo)全國卷新課標(biāo)全國卷)Thats it. No more toys to you. 【點撥點撥】2. (陜西高考陜西高考)I also shared for my

17、 friends many photos taken in Beijing. 【點撥點撥】【跟蹤演練跟蹤演練】1. (陜西高考陜西高考)I was really disappointed and about to leave when he walked out a building. 【解析解析】在在out后面加后面加of。walk out of從從中出來中出來, 是一個固定詞組。是一個固定詞組。2. (新課標(biāo)全國卷新課標(biāo)全國卷)Luckily I had all my money on my pocket. 【解析解析】onin。我把所有的錢都放在了口袋里。我把所有的錢都放在了口袋里。in

18、表示在表示在里面里面, 而而on在表面在表面上。上?？键c七考點七 連詞連詞 1. 考查方式考查方式: (1)并列句缺并列連詞。并列句缺并列連詞。(2)名詞性從句作主語缺連詞名詞性從句作主語缺連詞, 或者誤用其他連詞。或者誤用其他連詞。(3)關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞及從屬連詞在復(fù)合句中的使用是否關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞及從屬連詞在復(fù)合句中的使用是否正確。正確。(4)and, or, but, so, however, therefore等詞的運用是否正確。等詞的運用是否正確。2. 突破技巧突破技巧: 短文改錯對連詞的考查僅限于上下文之間語意的連貫方面。所以在做這類題目時短文改錯對連詞的考查僅限于上下文之間語

19、意的連貫方面。所以在做這類題目時, 重要的是要讀懂上下文重要的是要讀懂上下文, 搞清楚上下句之間的關(guān)系。掌握句式結(jié)構(gòu)搞清楚上下句之間的關(guān)系。掌握句式結(jié)構(gòu), 把握準語意關(guān)把握準語意關(guān)系是做好此類試題的關(guān)鍵系是做好此類試題的關(guān)鍵, 如并列邏輯關(guān)系常見的詞有如并列邏輯關(guān)系常見的詞有and, both. . .and. . . , not only . . . but also . . . , as well as等等; 轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯關(guān)系常見的詞有轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯關(guān)系常見的詞有however, but; 遞進邏輯關(guān)系遞進邏輯關(guān)系常見的詞有常見的詞有whats more, moreover, besides等。等。

20、【典例典例】1. (新課標(biāo)全國卷新課標(biāo)全國卷)But before long they began to see which was happening. 【點撥點撥】2. (浙江高考浙江高考)I called my parents, so I did not tell them what had happened. 【點撥點撥】【跟蹤演練跟蹤演練】1. (浙江高考浙江高考)After we left, I said, “That was very nice of you, Mother. So I didnt think she looked like Grandma. ”“Neither

21、did I, ”said Mother cheerfully. 【解析解析】SoBut。根據(jù)前后的句意。根據(jù)前后的句意, 可知這里表示一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系可知這里表示一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系, 所以應(yīng)該將所以應(yīng)該將So改改為為But。2. (陜西高考陜西高考)I didnt have my camera with me at that time, but I rushed back home to get it. 【解析解析】butand/so。那個時候我沒有帶著照相機。那個時候我沒有帶著照相機, 所以我跑回家去拿了。這里是所以我跑回家去拿了。這里是一個遞進關(guān)系或者因果關(guān)系一個遞進關(guān)系或者因果關(guān)系, 因此因此bu

22、t改為改為and/so。1 下面短文中有下面短文中有10處語言錯誤。請在有錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞。處語言錯誤。請在有錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞。 增加增加: 在缺詞處加一個漏字符號在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(), 并在其下面寫出該加的詞。并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除刪除: 把多余的詞用斜線把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。劃掉。 修改修改: 在錯的詞下畫一橫線在錯的詞下畫一橫線, 并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意注意: 1. 每句不超過兩個錯誤每句不超過兩個錯誤; 2. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞; 3. 只允許修改只允許修改1

23、0處處, 多者多者(從第從第11處起處起)不計分。不計分。 I bring Rose home five years ago. My neighbor Mrs. Black fell in love with her immediate she saw her. She was such lovely dog, after all. Rose also seemed to like Mrs. Black. Two years ago, however, Mrs. Black got cancer. Having been treating in hospital, she decided to

24、 receive treatment at home. Since my husband and I were busy in our work, we seldom went to see her. Three months ago, Mrs. Black died. To our surprised, her husband came to thank to us for keeping Roseone day. He said in the past several months, Rose went to accompany his wife every day before my h

25、usband and I went to work. With she around, his wife felt so warm and wasnt in so much pain. I never knew that. That Rose did was really heart-warming. 答案答案: I bring Rose home five years ago. My neighbor Mrs. broughtBlack fell in love with her immediate she saw her. She was immediatelysuch lovely do

26、g, after all. Rose also seemed to like Mrs. a Black. Two years ago, however, Mrs. Black got cancer. Having been treating in hospital, she decided to receive treatedtreatment at home. Since my husband and I were busy in withour work, we seldom went to see her. Three months ago, Mrs. Black died. To ou

27、r surprised surprise, her husband came to thank to us for keeping Rose one day. He said in the past several months, Rose went to accompany his wife every day before my husband and I went to work. With aftershe around, his wife felt so warm and wasnt in so much pain.her I never knew that. That Rose d

28、id was really heart-warming. What1. 【解析解析】將第一句中的將第一句中的bring改為改為brought。ago表示過去時。表示過去時。2. 【解析解析】將第二句中的將第二句中的immediate改為改為immediately。immediately表示表示“一一就就”。3. 【解析解析】在第三句中的在第三句中的such后面加上后面加上a。后面。后面dog是可數(shù)名詞。是可數(shù)名詞。4. 【解析解析】將第六句中的將第六句中的treating改為改為treated。she與與treat之間是被動關(guān)系。之間是被動關(guān)系。5. 【解析解析】將第七句中的將第七句中的in改

29、為改為with。be busy with固定詞組固定詞組, “忙于忙于”的意思。的意思。6. 【解析解析】將第九句中的將第九句中的surprised改為改為surprise。to ones +抽象名詞抽象名詞, 表示表示“使某使某人感到人感到的是的是”。7. 【解析解析】將第九句中的將第九句中的thank后面的后面的to去掉。去掉。thank是及物動詞。是及物動詞。8. 【解析解析】將第十句中的將第十句中的before改為改為after。意思是。意思是“在在之后之后”。9. 【解析解析】把第十一句中的把第十一句中的she改為改為her。with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。10. 【解析解析】把第十

30、三句中的把第十三句中的That改為改為What。what引導(dǎo)主語從句引導(dǎo)主語從句, 并在從句中作并在從句中作did的賓語。的賓語。2(2013南充模擬南充模擬) 下面短文中有下面短文中有10處語言錯誤。請在有錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞處語言錯誤。請在有錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞。 增加增加: 在缺詞處加一個漏字符號在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(), 并在其下面寫出該加的詞。并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除刪除: 把多余的詞用斜線把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。劃掉。 修改修改: 在錯的詞下畫一橫線在錯的詞下畫一橫線, 并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意注意: 1.

31、 每句不超過兩個錯誤每句不超過兩個錯誤; 2. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞; 3. 只允許修改只允許修改10處處, 多者多者(從第從第11處起處起)不計分。不計分。 What Does a Credit Card Bring Us is written by Eillton Henley. Its a brief or excellent article about credit cards. The author explains what credit cards work. And he also points out the positive and nega

32、tive aspect for having it. American consumers are mostly likely to use credit cards. However, the use of credit cards are expanding into almost every country in world. The key point making by the author is that users should pay for the amount in full when a bill is sent from the credit card company.

33、 This protected all the advantages and avoids all the disadvantages of using credit cards. 答案答案: What Does a Credit Card Bring Us is written by Eillton Henley. Its a brief or excellent article about credit cards. The and/but author explains what credit cards work. And he also points how out the positive and negativ