1、NetApp存儲基礎(chǔ)學(xué)習(xí)匯總(第十三部分)目 錄一、檢查狀態(tài)及性能11.1、概述11.2、幾個有用的管理命令131.3、使用statit命令151.4、執(zhí)行特殊的BOOT命令17二、檢查狀態(tài)及性能管理192.1、檢查系統(tǒng)19、sysconfig19、sysstat21、與優(yōu)化CPU性能的options命令22一、檢查狀態(tài)及性能1.1、概述l 識別管理權(quán)限命令(priv admin)l 解釋管理權(quán)限命令的功能l 定義一些對于管理員非常有用的普通命令命令行提供4種類型的命令用于基本的系統(tǒng)管理或者排錯。l 普通權(quán)限的管理命令用于日常管理l 高級權(quán)限的管理命令用于特殊任務(wù)，比如系統(tǒng)調(diào)優(yōu)、測試、統(tǒng)計等。

2、這種命令如果使用不當(dāng)可能毀壞數(shù)據(jù)，所以推薦別在高級權(quán)限模式長時間停留。l Options類的命令l Flash啟動命令在設(shè)備啟動階段可以獲得普通權(quán)限的命令在命令行打問號可以獲得提示，主要是為了磁盤管理、網(wǎng)絡(luò)和系統(tǒng)管理、物理或者虛擬接口管理等。下面是一系列普通權(quán)限的命令：Configuration類黃色的是這一類命令一些命令解釋（software、source）：tan> softwar命令用于從HTTP或HTTPS服務(wù)器下載DataONTAP軟件鏡像到filer,管理軟件并安裝或升級它們，一般是SETUP.EXE(NETAPP發(fā)布的)文件，軟件下載后保存在根卷的/etc/software

3、。tan> arp a ç=將IP地址解析成MAC地址? () at (incomplete)tan> arp -n tantan (05) - no entrytan> source -v /etc/rc ç=讀取和執(zhí)行包含filer命令的文件、一行行執(zhí)行，但是其中一行出錯，并不報錯，繼續(xù)執(zhí)行，但執(zhí)行結(jié)果會有問題，文件寫全路徑名，因為DataONTAP沒有當(dāng)前路徑的概念。#Auto-generated by setup Wed Mar 24 05:06:20 GMT 2010hostname tanifconf

4、ig ns0 hostname-ns0 mediatype autoroute add default 1add net default: gateway : entry already existsrouted onoptions dns.enable offoptions nis.enable offDisk Management類一些命令解釋，storage命令詳解：dns 顯示DNS信息，控制DNS子系統(tǒng)tan> dns info ç=顯示DNS解析器的狀態(tài)DNS is disabledtan> dns flush &

5、#231;=刪除DNS cache中的所有條目DNS cache flushed.storage 這個命令用來管理存儲子系統(tǒng)中的磁盤、SCSI和光纖卡。可以enable或者disable卡，列出disk 的信息。tan> storage show adapterSlot: v0 ç= 適配器在哪個slotDescription: Fibre Channel Host Adapter v0 (Network Appliance VHA rev. 15)Firmware Rev: 42FC Node Name: d:c7b:f40500:000000FC Packet Size:

6、2112Link Data Rate: 0 GbitSRAM Parity: YesExternal GBIC: NoState: EnabledIn Use: YesRedundant: Yes ç= 是否冗余Slot: v1Description: Fibre Channel Host Adapter v1 (Network Appliance VHA rev. 15)Firmware Rev: 42FC Node Name: d:d7b:f40500:000000FC Packet Size: 2112Link Data Rate: 0 GbitSRAM Parity: Yes

7、External GBIC: NoState: EnabledIn Use: YesRedundant: Yes。tan> storage show adapter v0 ç= 指定適配器的名字，顯示具體某個適配器Slot: v0Description: Fibre Channel Host Adapter v0 (Network Appliance VHA rev. 15)Firmware Rev: 42FC Node Name: d:c7b:f40500:000000FC Packet Size: 2112Link Data Rate: 0 GbitSRAM Parity:

8、 YesExternal GBIC: NoState: EnabledIn Use: YesRedundant: Yestan> storage show ç= 顯示所有元件Slot: v0Description: Fibre Channel Host Adapter v0 (Network Appliance VHA rev. 15)Firmware Rev: 42FC Node Name: d:c7b:f40500:000000FC Packet Size: 2112Link Data Rate: 0 GbitSRAM Parity: YesExternal GBIC: N

9、oState: EnabledIn Use: YesRedundant: Yesstorage show hub -a <hub-name> not implemented for simulatorstorage show expander -a <expander-name> not implemented for simulatorDISK SHELF BAY SERIAL VENDOR MODEL REV- - - - - -v4.16 1 0 13740500 NETAPP VD-100MB 0042v4.17 1 1 13740501 NETAPP VD-1

10、00MB 0042v4.18 1 2 13740502 NETAPP VD-100MB 0042v5.16 1 0 10604900 NETAPP VD-500MB 0042v5.17 1 1 10604901 NETAPP VD-500MB 0042tan> storage show shelfstorage show shelf -a <shelf-name> not implemented for simulatortan> storage show tapestorage show tape | mc not implemented for simulatort

11、an> storage disable adapter v0 ç=將slot v0上的適配器disbale了，比如更換這個適配器上連接的外接SCSI設(shè)備，但此設(shè)備不能熱插拔，則需要一定的操作，然后才可以更換。Thu Apr 1 04:18:41 GMT rc:notice: Taking loop attached to Fibre Channel adapter v0 offline.Host adapter v0 disable succeededtan> storage show adapter v0Slot: v0Description: Fibre Channe

12、l Host Adapter v0 (Network Appliance VHA rev. 15)Firmware Rev: 42FC Node Name: d:c7b:f40500:000000FC Packet Size: 2112Link Data Rate: 0 GbitSRAM Parity: YesExternal GBIC: NoState: DisabledIn Use: NoRedundant: Yestan> storage show disk p-p選項顯示了連接到磁盤設(shè)備的首選和備份路徑。比如磁盤設(shè)備可以通過A端口和B端口連接，如果兩個都通，則一個是首選一個是備選

13、。PRIMARY PORT SECONDARY PORT SHELF BAY- - - - -v4.16 B 1 0 ç=我們上面把v0 disable了,則v4變成了首選路徑，備份路徑?jīng)]了v4.17 B 1 1 v4.18 B 1 2 v5.16 B v1.16 A 1 0 v5.17 B v1.17 A 1 1 v5.18 B v1.18 A 1 2 v5.19 B v1.19 A 1 3 v5.20 B v1.20 A 1 4 v5.21 B v1.21 A 1 5 v5.22 B v1.22 A 1 6 tan> storage enable adapter v0 &#

14、231;=將v0激活后，再看，發(fā)現(xiàn)v0變成了首選路徑，v4是備選路徑Thu Apr 1 04:33:06 GMT rc:notice: Bringing loop attached to Fibre Channel adapter v0 onlineHost adapter v0 enable succeededtan> storage show disk -pPRIMARY PORT SECONDARY PORT SHELF BAY- - - - -v0.16 A v4.16 B 1 0 v0.17 A v4.17 B 1 1 v0.18 A v4.18 B 1 2 v5.16 B v

15、1.16 A 1 0 v5.17 B v1.17 A 1 1 v5.18 B v1.18 A 1 2 ç=從這可以看出來v0,v4互相備份，v5和v1互相備份df命令顯示磁盤空閑空間tan> df h ç=以適合閱讀的格式輸出，尺寸單位自適應(yīng)Filesystem total used avail capacity Mounted on/vol/vol0/ 241MB 89MB 152MB 37% /vol/vol0/tan> df -mFilesystem total used avail capacity Mounted on/vol/vol0/ 241MB

16、89MB 152MB 37% /vol/vol0/tan> df -gFilesystem total used avail capacity Mounted on/vol/vol0/ 0GB 0GB 0GB 37% /vol/vol0/tan> df -kFilesystem total used avail capacity Mounted on/vol/vol0/ 247644KB 91512KB 156132KB 37% /vol/vol0/tan> df -tFilesystem total used avail capacity Mounted on/vol/vo

17、l0/ 0TB 0TB 0TB 37% /vol/vol0/上面幾個命令按不同單位顯示空閑空間tan> df -r h ç=顯示卷上的預(yù)留空間Filesystem total used avail reserved Mounted on/vol/vol0/ 241MB 89MB 152MB 0MB /vol/vol0/vol/vol0/.snapshot 0MB 13MB 0MB 0MB /vol/vol0/.snapshottan> df -A m ç=顯示aggr的空間使用情況Aggregate total used avail capacity aggr0

18、 256MB 243MB 13MB 95% aggr0/.snapshot 13MB 12MB 0MB 95% aggr2 2137MB 0MB 2137MB 0% aggr2/.snapshot 112MB 0MB 112MB 0% System and networking Management類一些命令解釋：maxfiles命令 增加卷可以擁有的文件數(shù)量tan> maxfiles vol0Volume vol0: maximum number of files is currently 19990 (6054 used).tan> maxfiles vol0 30000 &#

19、231;=增加vol0的文件數(shù)The new maximum number of files specified is more than twice as big asit needs to be, based on current usage patterns. Increasing themaximum number of files consumes disk space, and the number can neverbe decreased. Configuring a large number of inodes can also result in lessavailable

20、 memory after an upgrade, which means you might not be able torun WAFL_check.The new maximum number of files will be rounded to 29985.Are you sure you want to increase the maximum number of files? yestan> maxfiles vol0 Volume vol0: maximum number of files is currently 29985 (6053 used).tan> up

21、time ç=系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)啟動多長時間5:32am up 2:11 0 NFS ops, 0 CIFS ops, 0 HTTP ops, 0 FCP ops, 0 iSCSI opsvscan命令 控制存儲上面文件的病毒掃描tan> vscan onWarning: CIFS clients will not be allowed to open files because there are no virus scanners registered with the filer. Are you sure? yesThu Apr 1 05:39:35 GMT vscan.serv

22、er.connectedNone:warning: CIFS: Virus scanning is enabled but no vscan (anti-virus)servers are connected to the filer.Thu Apr 1 05:39:35 GMT vscan.enable:info: CIFS: Virus scanning has been enabled.Virus scanning is enabled tan> vscanVirus scanning is enabled. No vscan servers are connected.List

23、of extensions to scan:001,002,386,3GR,?_,ACE,ACM,ADE,ADP,ADT,AP?,ARC,ARJ,ASA,ASD,ASP,AX?,B64,BA?,BIN,BMP,BO?,BZ?,CAB,CC?,CDR,CDX,CEO,CGI,CHM,CL?,CMD,CNV,CO?,CPL,CPT,CPY,CRT,CSC,CSS,CSV,D?B,DAT,DEV,DIF,DL?,DO?,DOC,DOT,DQY,DRV,EE?,EFV,EML,EX?,EXE,FDF,FMT,FO?,FPH,FPW,GF?,GIM,GIX,GMS,GNA,GW?,GWI,GZ?,HDI

24、,HHT,HLP,HT?,HWD,ICE,ICS,IM?,IN?,IQY,ISP,ITS,JAR,JP?,JS?,LGP,LIB,LNK,LWP,LZH,M3U,MB0,MB1,MB2,MBR,MD?,MHT,MOD,MPD,MPP,MPT,MRC,MS?,MSG,MSO,NAP,NEW,NWS,OB?,OC?,OFT,OL?,OLE,OTM,OV?,PCD,PCI,PD?,PDF,PF?,PHP,PI?,PLG,POT,PP?,PPZ,PRC,PWZ,QLB,QPW,QQY,QTC,RAR,REG,RMF,RQY,RTF,SCR,SCT,SH?,SIS,SKV,SLK,SMM,SPL,SRF

25、,SWF,SYS,TAR,TAZ,TBZ,TD0,TFT,TGZ,TLB,TSP,UNP,URL,UUU,VB?,VBS,VS?,VVV,VWP,VXD,WBK,WIZ,WMV,WP?,WRI,WRL,WRZ,WS?,X32,XL?,XML,XRF,XSL,XTP,XX?,Z0M,Z?,ZI?,ZIP,ZL?,ZZZList of extensions not to scan: Extensions-not-to-scan list is empty.Number of files scanned: 0Number of scan failures: 0Number of throttled

26、requests: 0useradmin命令 管理存儲的訪問控制useradmin user command argument.useradmin domainuser command argument.useradmin group command argument.useradmin role command argument.useradmin whoamiuser可以放到一個或多個group里domainuser:必須CIFS起來，通過windows域來驗證。group是user和domainuser的容器，可以有一個或多個角色role一組能力（可以執(zhí)行某些動作的能力）有六組內(nèi)置的能力

27、： login-*, cli-*,api-*, security-*, compliance-* and filerview-readonlytan> useradmin role add tanyx -a login-*,cli-help*,cli-ifconfig* ç=新建一個roleThu Apr 1 06:57:58 GMT useradmin.added.deleted:info: The role 'tanyx' has been added.Role <tanyx> added.tan> useradmin group add

28、test -r tanyx ç=新建一個groupThu Apr 1 07:00:31 GMT useradmin.added.deleted:info: The group 'test' has been added.Group <test> added.tan> useradmin user add wangjun -g test ç=新建一個userNew password:Retype new password:User <wangjun> added.tan> Thu Apr 1 07:02:32 GMT use

29、radmin.added.deleted:info: The user 'wangjun' has been added.-試驗使用這個新用戶可以做什么-Data ONTAP (tan.)login: wangjunPassword: tan> Thu Apr 1 07:03:43 GMT console_login_mgr:info: wangjun logged in from consoletan> useradmin whoamiThu Apr 1 07:03:53 GMT useradmin.unauthorized.user:warning: User

30、'wangjun' denied access - missing required capability: 'cli-useradmin'Permission denied, user wangjun does not have access to useradmintan> ifconfig -ans0: flags=848043<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 ether 00:50:56:11:e6:ba (auto-100tx-fd-up)ns1: flags=8042<BROA

31、DCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 ether 00:50:56:12:e6:ba (auto-unknown-cfg_down)lo: flags=1948049<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST,TCPCKSUM> mtu 9188用此命令創(chuàng)建的group、user與/etc/passwd、/etc/group沒關(guān)系routed命令 routed是一個boot的時候啟動的管理路由表的后臺進程tan> routed statusRIP snooping is onGateway Metric State Tim

32、e Last Heard 1 ALIVE Thu Apr 1 03:22:03 GMT 20100 free gateway entries, 1 usedtan> routed offtan> routed on traceroute-顯示到網(wǎng)絡(luò)主機的路由清單tan> traceroute tantraceroute to tan (05), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets1 tan (05) 0.013 ms 0.070 ms 0.075 mssecureadmin-配置SSH和S

33、SL的命令.tan> secureadmin setup sshSSH Setup-Determining if SSH Setup has already been done before.noSSH server supports both ssh1.x and ssh2.0 protocols.SSH server needs two RSA keys to support ssh1.x protocol. The host key isgenerated and saved to file /etc/sshd/ssh_host_key during setup. The serv

34、erkey is re-generated every hour when SSH server is running.SSH server needs a RSA host key and a DSA host key to support ssh2.0 protocol.The host keys are generated and saved to /etc/sshd/ssh_host_rsa_key and/etc/sshd/ssh_host_dsa_key files respectively during setup.SSH Setup will now ask you for t

35、he sizes of the host and server keys. For ssh1.0 protocol, key sizes must be between 384 and 2048 bits. For ssh2.0 protocol, key sizes must be between 768 and 2048 bits. The size of the host and server keys must differ by at least 128 bits.Please enter the size of host key for ssh1.x protocol 768 :P

36、lease enter the size of server key for ssh1.x protocol 512 :Please enter the size of host keys for ssh2.0 protocol 768 :You have specified these parameters: host key size = 768 bits server key size = 512 bits host key size for ssh2.0 protocol = 768 bitsIs this correct? yes Setup will now generate th

37、e host keys. It will take a minute.After Setup is finished the SSH server will start automatically.tan> secureadmin enable ssh2tan> secureadmin statusssh2 - activessh1 - inactivessl - inactiverdate 從遠程主機設(shè)置系統(tǒng)時間iscsi管理SCSI服務(wù)tan> iscsi startThu Apr 1 07:36:32 GMT iscsi.service.startup:info: iS

38、CSI service startupiSCSI service startedtan> iscsi statusiSCSI service is runningtan> iscsi session show No active sessionstan> iscsi ? The following commands are available; for more informationtype "iscsi help <command>"alias interface security stats connection isns session

39、 status help nodename show stop initiator portal start tpgroup fcp- Commands for managing Fibre Channel target adapters and the FCP target protocol.Logger-將信息寫入系統(tǒng)日志文件tan> logger(Enter '.' and carriage return to end message)kkjkj.ipspace命令只有在存儲有vfile license的時候才可以用environment 顯示存儲物理環(huán)境的信息ta

40、n> environment status Environment for channel v0 Number of shelves monitored: 1 enabled: yes Environmental failure on shelves on this channel? no Channel: v0 Shelf: 1 SES device path: local access: v4.17 Module type: LRC; monitoring is active Shelf status: normal condition SES Configuration, via

41、loop id 17 in shelf 1: logical identifier=0x0b00000000000000 vendor identification=XYRATEX product identification=DiskShelf14 product revision level=1111 Vendor-specific information: Product Serial Number: Optional Settings: 0x00 Status reads attempted: 1638; failed: 0 Control writes attempted: 18;

42、failed: 0 Shelf bays with disk devices installed: 2, 1, 0 with error: none Power Supply installed element list: 1, 2; with error: none Power Supply information by element: 1 Serial number: sim-PS12345-1 Type: <N/A> Firmware version: <N/A> 2 Serial number: sim-PS12345-2 Type: <N/A>

43、Firmware version: <N/A>tan> environment status shelftan> environment shelf_power_statustan> environment chassis fans ç=顯示所有非shelf環(huán)境的情況tan> environment chassis power下面是關(guān)于partner命令的解釋假設(shè)兩個存儲toaster1和toaster2組成一個集群。在toaster2宕掉后,toaster1接管，因為你不能再從console口toaster2鍵入命令, 所以必須從toaster1

44、鍵入命令訪問toaster2.比如：決定toaster2上最大的文件數(shù)量：toaster1(takeover)> partner maxfiles ç=注意提示符Volume vol0: maximum number of files is currently 241954 (3194 used).Volume vol1: maximum number of files is currently 241954 (3195 used).下面一步步執(zhí)行toaster1(takeover)> partner ç=進入partner模式toaster2/toaster1

45、> maxfilesVolume vol0: maximum number of files is currently 241954 (3194 used).Volume vol1: maximum number of files is currently 241954 (3195 used).toaster2/toaster1> partner ç=退出partner模式toaster1(takeover)>Service and protoocls類Files and diretories類Device control類1.2、幾個有用的管理命令tan>

46、ifstat ns0 - print i/f, driver statistics- interface ns0 (0 hours, 10 minutes, 32 seconds) -RECEIVE Frames/second: 0 | Bytes/second: 0 | Errors/minute: 0 Discards/minute: 0 | Total frames: 221 | Total bytes: 14548 Total errors: 0 | Total discards: 0 | Multi/broadcast: 221 No buffers: 0 | Non-primary

47、 u/c: 0 | Tag drop: 0 Vlan tag drop: 0 | Vlan untag drop: 0 | Read errors: 0 TRANSMIT Frames/second: 0 | Bytes/second: 0 | Errors/minute: 0 Discards/minute: 0 | Total frames: 32 | Total bytes: 3376 Total errors: 0 | Total discards: 0 | Multi/broadcast: 32 Queue overflows: 0 | No buffers: 0 | Write errors: 0 LINK_INFO Current state: up | Up to d