1、2022浙江高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)專題沖刺之一七選五提高訓(xùn)練（四）ASome people all over the world enjoy an alcoholic drink, such as wine or beer, during dinner. Some people raise a glass of alcohol to celebrate a wedding or a birthday. And having drinks after work with friends and co-workers is called “happy hour”. All these situations

2、 are considered "social drinking“ because they happen at social events. 1 ,According to the World Health Organization （WHO）, alcohol abuse kills 3.3 million people each year. 2, And in a new report on alcohol use around the world, the WHO says alcohol can create dependency, or addiction, in som

3、e people. The report also warns that alcohol use can increase the risk of developing more than 200 diseases, including some kinds of cancers. And, the WHO says alcohol abuse can put people at greater risk of infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis, pneumonia and HIV.WHO Mental Health and Substance

4、 Abuse Director Shekhar Saxene says the organization is concerned about drinking among young people between the ages 15 and 19. 3. The report concludes that worldwide 16 percent of drinkers over the age of 15 engage in binge-drinking, which is much more harmful than other kinds of drinking and cause

5、s the most harm in terms of accidents, self-harm and harm to others.High income countries have the highest prevalence （流彳?。﹐f binge-drinking. The report finds that the highest rates of alcohol-linked deaths are in Europe. 4, The report also finds Europe is the area with the highest alcohol use. Cent

6、ral and Eastern Europe are especially high.5. These include increasing taxes on alcohol sales, raising the drinking age limit, and controlling the marketing of alcohol beverages.A. So, how can we protect teenagers from alcohol abuse?B. But when does “social drinking, become problem drinking?C. WHO s

7、uggests ways countries can protect people from alcohol abuse.D. This is followed by the West Pacific and then the Americans.E.High income countries have the highest alcohol consumption.F.That is six percent of all deaths around the world.G.And it is more concerned about "binge-drinking“一an exte

8、nded period of heavy drinking.BHumans have little difficulty recognizing one another. Each human face is truly unique, which makes seeing someone's face a great way to confirm their identity. And now we've invented machines that are able to recognize faces, which they are doing daily for cou

9、ntless purposes at lightning speed.Governments, financial institutions employers, border security and police services are increasingly using facialrecognition technology. 6. Systems are becoming so competent that a wanted criminal can instantly be picked out of a 會(huì)增加你的自尊。）切合文意。故選G。29. 根據(jù)后文“As crazy

10、as it sounds, if we can see even the smallest lesson, the smallest purpose in the trial we*re facing, it gives it positive value."（雖然聽起來很瘋狂，但如果我們能看到哪怕是最微小的教訓(xùn)，哪怕是我們面臨的磨難中最 微小的目的，它都會(huì)給我們帶來積極的價(jià)值。）可知，此處是指每個(gè)困難都會(huì)帶來教訓(xùn)。所以選項(xiàng)C （每個(gè)困難都 會(huì)帶來教訓(xùn)）切合文意。故選C。30. 根據(jù)前文“It also gives us an outcome to move towards, whe

11、ther its improved health, more independence in finances, or fixing a broken relationship. （它也給了我們一個(gè)前進(jìn)的結(jié)果，無論是改善健康，在財(cái)務(wù)上更獨(dú)立，還是修復(fù)破裂的 關(guān)系。）可知，此處是講從磨難中學(xué)習(xí)的重要性，所以選項(xiàng)E （沒有學(xué)到東西的磨難會(huì)導(dǎo)致無助感。）切合文意。故 選E。crowd of thousands of people. All that's required is an image in a database to compare with the image of any nu

12、mber of people in a crowd.Ordinary people, too, are using facial recognition to unlock their phones, their computers and other devices.7. According to Apple, for example, there is only one chance in a million that a face other than your own could unlock your phone.8. It is instantaneous, and it reli

13、eves us of the need to memorize passwords or PINS. However, a device will require a pass-code in the rare event it doesn't, for whatever reason, recognize the user's face.Is there a downside to the rapid spread of facial recognition: concerns about the use of facial recognition. 9. The insta

14、llation of more and more cameras is now a part of everyday life. This means people can be observed and recognized wherever they go. Cameras on every lamppost may make public spaces safer, but keeping law-abiding citizens under constant watch is disturbing to many.In the age of the corona-virus and t

15、he widespread wearing of masks, facial recognition systems are having some difficulty. A mask covers many of the facial data points used by recognition software to confirm a person's identity.10. That could affect how dependable is as a method of identity detection and authentication.A. Such sys

16、tems are generally quite secure.B. Primarily, the concern is that it weakens privacy.C. Personal facial recognition protection has several benefits.D. This allows them to quickly confirm an individual's identity.E.We may not recall a name, but we usually remember if we have seen a face.Ein respo

17、nse, facial recognition systems are being trained to use less facial data.GFacial recognition has become a hugely controversial subject over the last couple of years.CWhen I joined my middle schooPs cross-country team in 8th grade, I was forced to wake up at 7 AM to get to summer practices on time.

18、11 .During these morning practices, I always felt tired and half asleep. On top of that, my stomach hurt no matter what I ate. As a result, I didn't look forward to my runs. I knew I had to get through them to experience the fun part-racing, but I also wished I didn't feel this way.12. One w

19、as in the morning and the other was in the evening. I looked forward to sleeping in, having my whole day ahead of me, and being fully awake and well fueled by the time practice rolled around. 13 I was once again stuck with the 8 AM practice time. It was difficult to show up each and every morning, b

20、ut I did it anyway, because I knew my teammates were counting on me.After I decided to run in college, I had to find a way to better prepare myself for early morning exercise, including a xkw weekly AM swim session. It wasn't always easy or fun, but I put my head down and worked through each ses

21、sion, knowing that my race times would ultimately benefit. With all that said, you might be thinking that the best time to exercise is early in the morning. 14.It is impossible to find a time to exercise that is the best for every single person, because everyone has unique schedule and body. 15. Any

22、how, the best time to work out is when it fits into your schedule, you feel energized and ready to go, and most importantly, you enjoy doing it.A. But that is actually not necessarily the case.B. Unfortunately, the evening practice option was cancelled soon.C. Therefore, the evening practice option

23、was gaining popularity soon.D. The best time to work out for you might not be the best time for me.E.When I got to high school, we got to choose between two practice times.F.Unsurprisingly, this is when my hate for exercising early in the morning began.GThere are advantages and disadvantages to exer

24、cising in the morning, afternoon, and evening.DAn American study of 10,000 students found that if you make more friends than the average person at school, you, 11 receive a higher salary in later life. People need good social skills at work to work in a team successfully. 16,On average, teenagers ag

25、ed between 15 and 17 have 500 "friends“ on their favorite social networking sites. Adults have 130. So if you believe this research, you might be very rich.17. Dunbar, a professor from the University of Oxford, studied the number of messages between users of a popular social networking website,

26、 each of whom had between 200 and 2,000_friends. He found that they always communicate with a maximum of 150 people.Among these 150, around 5 people are close friends. 18. They are probably old friends and you share all your good and bad experiences with them. Then there are 10 more friends. Althoug

27、h they're close to you, you may not keep in touch with them every week. Next there are 35 people who you might spend time with because of a shared interest. 19 You see or speak to these people at least once a year, but you don't know them well. Beyond this number, Dunbar says, it's impos

28、sible to make any relationship meaningful.If you have a lot of online “fHends"，try this experiment: First take away anyone you haven't been in touch with for a year. Then remove those you cannot remember and, finally, take away friends who you wouldn't mind losing touch with. How many h

29、ave you left? How many of these people are actually good friends? 20.A. You are not close to them.B. And finally, there's a large group of 100.C. You've most likely known them fbr long.D. However, it probably won't make any difference.E.These are the same skills we use to make friends at

30、 school.F.They've found that having good friends can help you live longer.GAccording to the research, these are the only people that really matter.EThe Pomodoro technique （番茄工作法）is a time management method where you work for 25 minutes followed by a short 3-5 minute break. You repeat the same cy

31、cle 4 times and take a longer break. Here are steps to use the Pomodoro technique.21 . To begin with, you must choose what you have to work on. You must pick a single task because it helps avoid distractions and multitasking. Feel free to pick a long term goal you've been postponing or an urgent

32、 task waiting fbr your action.Set a timer for 25 minutes. You need a timer to tell you when the slot is over. You can use an online stopwatch, your phone alarm, or a physical timer to notify you. Don't worry if the task you're targeting needs more time. 22 .Work on the task until the timer b

33、eeps. You must put all your energy and attention on the task at hand for those 25 minutes. While you're on it, you must stay away from distractions like answering calls, responding to text messages, or striking a conversation with people around.Take a short break when the Pomodoro is complete. 2

34、3 Take a short break of 3-5 minutes to relax by taking a walk, drinking water, checking your phone, etc. Do not use the time to get more work done because your brain needs breathing space.Repeat these steps 4 times. 24 . You can pick a new task for every Pomodoro or resume where you stopped at the e

35、nd of the last slot. Once you finish 4 such cycles, take a longer break of 15-30 minutes. And of course, do not forget to pump your fist for the job well done.The biggest advantage of using this time management technique is the improvement in focus. When you're surrounded by distractions, differ

36、ent jobs can pull your attention in all directions. 25 The method yields great results when studying for an exam or learning new material.A. Choose the task you need to work on.B. Reduce multitasking and distractions.C. When the timer beeps, you've completed one Pomodoro.D. You do not have to co

37、mplete the entire job in a single slot.E.The technique suggests you take a short break after each focused session.F.Follow the same pattern of 25 minutes of work followed by a short break.G.By targeting one task at a time, you make progress towards the goals that matter.Everyone faces difficulties f

38、rom time to time. It's a natural part of the cycle of life. You cannot change events or their outcome. You can, however, choose the emotion and meaning you attach to them. Here are a couple of questions to ask yourself to stay positive when facing difficulties.Am I Still Breathing?26. . If you f

39、ind yourself highly stressed out, take 10 minutes, find a quiet space, and just breathe deeply. One of the keys to staying positive is to be relaxed, and making sure you're breathing correctly is the best way to start.What Is In My Control?Assess your situation honestly, and look for those thing

40、s you can control. 27. . This will help you to feel more centered, more focused, and assist you in being able to face the challenge.What Is The Most Important Thing I Can Do Right Now?Focusing on and doing the best thing you can do right now when in the midst of difficult times helps center you and

41、relax your nervous system. It also increases your confidence in yourself that you can weather this storm. 28.What Can I Learn From This?29. . As crazy as it sounds, if we can see even the smallest lesson, the smallest purpose in the trial we're facing, it gives it positive value. It also gives u

42、s an outcome to move towards, whether it's improved health, more independence in finances, or fixing a broken relationship. 30, . Shifting your belief from nWhy me?n to nWhat can I learn from this?1' turns the challenge from just a random happenstance of bad luck into a problem to be solved.

43、A. Weigh the advantages and disadvantages.B. Let go of those you can't.C. With every difficulty comes a lesson.D. If you are, you live to fight another day.E.Suffering without learning something leads to a feeling of helplessness.F.Maintaining your physical state is a key to maintaining your men

44、tal and emotional states.GProgress towards solving a difficult situation, no matter how small, will increase your self-esteem（自尊）.參考答案1. B2. F3. G4. D5. C【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述問題飲酒給世界各國(guó)人民帶來的各種傷害非常嚴(yán)重，并提出一些關(guān)于保護(hù)人們免 于酗酒的方法。1. 根據(jù)下文對(duì)酗酒問題的介紹，可推斷設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是文章的主題，并且上文“All these situations are considered “social drin

45、king because they happen at social events."（所有這些情況都被認(rèn)為是"社交飲酒”，因?yàn)樗鼈儼l(fā)生在社交場(chǎng)合。） 中的“social drinking”和B選項(xiàng)"但是什么時(shí)候“社交飲酒”變成了問題飲酒呢？ ”中的“social drinking，湘呼應(yīng)，承上啟 下，故選B。2. 根據(jù)上文“According to the World Health Organization （WHO）, alcohol abuse kills 3.3 million people each year."（根據(jù)世 界衛(wèi)生組織的數(shù)據(jù)，酗酒

46、每年導(dǎo)致330萬人死亡。），F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“這是全世界死亡總數(shù)的6%中的死亡率正好呼應(yīng)上文, 故選F。3. 根據(jù)上文“WHO Mental Health and Substance Abuse Director Shekhar Saxene says the organization is concerned about drinking among young people between the ages 15 and 19.“（世衛(wèi)組織精神健康和藥物濫用主任謝卡薩克森表示，該組 織對(duì) 15 至 19 歲年輕人的飲酒問題感到擔(dān)憂。）及下文“The report concludes that wor

47、ldwide 16 percent of drinkers over the age of 15 engage in binge-drinking, which is much more harmful than other kinds of drinking and causes the most harm in terms of accidents, self-harm and harm to others.（報(bào)告總結(jié)說，全世界15歲以上的飲酒者中有16%的人狂飲，這比其他類型的飲酒危害更大，在事故、自殘和對(duì)他人的傷害方面造成的傷害最大。）由此可知，本段主要講青少年 狂飲的情況和危害，G選

48、項(xiàng)“它更關(guān)注的是“狂飲”一種長(zhǎng)期的酗酒?！背猩蠁⑾?，符合語境，故選G。4. 根據(jù)上文“The report finds that the highest rates of alcohol-linked deaths are in Europe."（報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn)，與酒精有關(guān)的死亡 率最高的是歐洲。）和下文“The report also finds Europe is the area with the highest alcohol use. Central and Eastern Europe are especially high."（該報(bào)告還發(fā)現(xiàn)歐洲是酒精使用量最高的地區(qū)

49、。中歐和東歐特別高。），D選項(xiàng)“接下來是 西太平洋，然后是美國(guó)。”和上文緊密連接，都在講酒精死亡率和使用的高發(fā)地區(qū)，故選D。5. 根據(jù)卜文“These include increasing taxes on alcohol sales, raising the drinking age limit, and controlling the marketing of alcohol beverages. » （這些措施包括提高酒精銷售稅，提高飲酒年齡限制，以及控制酒精飲料的銷售。）可知是一些 保護(hù)人們免于酗酒的措施，C選項(xiàng)“世衛(wèi)組織提出各國(guó)保護(hù)人們免于酗酒的方法?！鼻蓄}，故選C。6.

50、D7. A8. C9. BIO. F【分析】這是一篇說明文。每個(gè)人的臉都是獨(dú)一無二的，這使得看到一個(gè)人的臉是確認(rèn)他們身份的好方法?，F(xiàn)在我們發(fā)明了 能夠識(shí)別人臉的機(jī)器，他們每天都在以閃電般的速度完成無數(shù)的任務(wù)。文章主要介紹了面部識(shí)別技術(shù)的應(yīng)用、優(yōu)勢(shì) 和所面臨的一些問題。6. 根據(jù)上文“Governments, financial institutions employers, border security and police services are increasingly using facial recognition technology.（政府、金融機(jī)構(gòu)、雇主、邊境安全部門和警察部

51、門越來越多地使用面部識(shí)別技術(shù)廣以及后文 "Systems are becoming so competent that a wanted criminal can instantly be picked out of a crowd of thousands of people. All thafs required is an image in a database to compare with the image of any number of people in a crowd.（系統(tǒng)變得如此 有效，以至于一個(gè)通緝犯可以立即從成千上萬的人群中被挑選出來。所需要的只是數(shù)據(jù)庫中

52、的一張圖像，以便與人 群中任意數(shù)量的人的圖像進(jìn)行比較廣可知，上文提到許多部門開始使用面部識(shí)別技術(shù)，后文則說通緝犯可以立即從 成千上萬的人群中被挑選出來，可推測(cè)本句是在說明這項(xiàng)技術(shù)所帶來的影響：允許他們快速確認(rèn)個(gè)人的身份。故D 選項(xiàng)“這允許他們快速確認(rèn)個(gè)人的身份”符合語境，故選Do根據(jù)上文“Ordinary people, too, are using facial recognition to unlock their phones, their computers and other devices.（普 通人也在使用面部識(shí)別來解鎖手機(jī)、電腦和其他設(shè)備）”以及后文“According to

53、Apple, for example, there is only one chance in a million that a face other than your own could unlock your phone.（例如，根據(jù)蘋果公司的說法，只有百萬分之 一的幾率可以讓你的手機(jī)解鎖廠可知，上文提到普通人也在使用面部識(shí)別解鎖，后文則說只有百萬分之一的幾率可 以讓你的手機(jī)解鎖，可知本句是在說明面試識(shí)別系統(tǒng)安全性很高。故A選項(xiàng)“這樣的系統(tǒng)通常是相當(dāng)安全的”符合語 境，故選A。7. 根據(jù)后文“It is instantaneous, and it relieves us of the n

54、eed to memorize passwords or PINS. However, a device will require a pass-code in the rare event it doesn't, for whatever reason, recognize the user's face.（它是瞬間的,它使我們擺脫了 記憶 密碼或個(gè)人識(shí)別碼的需要。然而，在極少數(shù)情況下，無論出于何種原因，設(shè)備都需要密碼來識(shí)別用戶的臉廣可知， 后文主要列舉了面部識(shí)別技術(shù)的幾個(gè)好處，后文It指代C選項(xiàng)中Personal facial recognition protectiono

55、故C選項(xiàng)“個(gè) 人面部識(shí)別保護(hù)有幾個(gè)好處”符合語境，故選C。8. 根據(jù)上文“Is there a downside to the rapid spread of facial recognition: concerns about the use of facial recognition.（人臉識(shí) 別的快速普及是否有負(fù)面影響：人們對(duì)人臉識(shí)別的使用感到擔(dān)憂）”以及后文“The installation of more and more cameras is now a part of everyday life. This means people can be observed and rec

56、ognized wherever they go. Cameras on every lamppost may make public spaces safer, but keeping law-abiding citizens under constant watch is disturbing to many,（安裝越來越多的攝像頭現(xiàn)在是日常生活的一部分。這意味著人們無論走到哪里都能被觀察和認(rèn)出來。每個(gè)路 燈柱上的攝像頭可能會(huì)使公共空間更安全，但讓守法的公民時(shí)時(shí)受到監(jiān)視，對(duì)許多人來說是令人不安的）”可知，本 段主要是關(guān)于人臉識(shí)別的負(fù)面影響，后文提到公民時(shí)時(shí)受到監(jiān)視，可推測(cè)人臉識(shí)別會(huì)帶來削弱

57、公民隱私的問題，故 B選項(xiàng)“主要的問題是它會(huì)削弱隱私”符合語境，故選B。9. 根據(jù)上文“In the age of the corona-virus and the widespread wearing of masks, facial recognition systems are having some difficulty. A mask covers many of the facial data points used by recognition software to confirm a person's identity.（在冠斗犬 病毒和普遍戴口罩的時(shí)代，面部識(shí)別系統(tǒng)

58、遇到了一些困難?？谡指采w了識(shí)別軟件用來確認(rèn)身份的許多面部數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)廣 以及后文“That could affect how dependable is as a method of identity detection and authentication.（這可能會(huì)影響身份檢 測(cè)和認(rèn)證方法的可靠性）”可知，上文提到口罩覆蓋了識(shí)別軟件用來確認(rèn)身份的許多面部數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)，可推測(cè)本句承接上 文說明面部識(shí)別系統(tǒng)對(duì)此的應(yīng)對(duì)：使用更少的面部數(shù)據(jù)，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)中facial data對(duì)應(yīng)上文中facial data。故F選項(xiàng)“作為 回應(yīng)，面部識(shí)別系統(tǒng)被設(shè)定使用更少的面部數(shù)據(jù)”符合語境，故選F。10. F12. E 13.

59、 B 14. A 15. D【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過作者自身的經(jīng)歷說明鍛煉的最佳時(shí)間是因人而異的，不能簡(jiǎn)單地?cái)喽ㄔ缟匣蛲砩暇?是每個(gè)人的最佳鍛煉時(shí)間。11. 上文“When I joined my middle schooPs cross-country team in 8th grade, I was forced to wake up at 7 AM to get to summer practices on time.（當(dāng)我在八年級(jí)加入中學(xué)的越野隊(duì)時(shí)，我被迫每天早上7點(diǎn)起床，以便準(zhǔn)時(shí)參加夏季訓(xùn)練。）”說明 作者早起參加訓(xùn)練是被迫的，不情愿的。T "During these morning practices, I always felt tired and half asleep.（在這 些早晨訓(xùn)練中，我總是感到疲倦和半睡半醒。）”說明作者早起訓(xùn)練的狀態(tài)并不好。F項(xiàng)“不出所料，我就是從這個(gè)時(shí) 候開始討厭早起鍛煉的?！背猩蠁⑾?，說明作者因?yàn)楸黄瘸科鹩?xùn)練，所以狀態(tài)很不好，從此開始討厭早起鍛煉，引 出文章主題，符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)。12. 下文“One was in the morning and the other was in the evening.（一個(gè)是早上，一個(gè)是晚上。）“具體指出兩個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)。E 項(xiàng)“我上高中的時(shí)候