1、產(chǎn)品 : TFT-LCD Panel TFT-ArrayCellModule液晶Display Technology : CRT vs AMLCDCRTAdvantage:Low cost per pixel and high quality of displayApplications:TV, computer, oscilloscope and measuring devicesMarket:1993 : 11 billions1998 : 18 billions Disadvantage:Environmental and safety issues AMLCDAdvantage:thi

2、n, light-weighted, and low power consumptionApplications:portable & compact systems and HDTVMarket:1993 2 billions1998 10-15 billions Disadvantage:cost, large upfront investment and manufacturing difficultiesTFT-based Active Matrix LCDs (AMLCD)DATA DRIVERSSCAN DRIVERSIn an AMLCD display, each pixel

3、has a TFT. The gate is attached to a horizontal row electrode and the drain is attached to a vertical column electrode. The source is attached to the LC electrode. The display is activated one row at a time, by activating the gate lines. The column electrodes carry the data voltages. When a TFT is t

4、urned on, the data line charges up the LC capacitor to the appropriate voltage. Then the TFT is turned off, so that the charge is held on the capacitor until the next refresh time. (Typical refresh rates are 60-70 Hz)The data voltage is isolated from the other rows of the display by the TFT, so that

5、 cross talk is very low, even when the number of rows is large.The overall effect is almost the same as being able to control the voltage at each pixels. Thus, any point on the transmission curve is accessible, leading to good ON/OFF contrast and good gray scale control.TFT-based Active Matrix LCDs

6、(AMLCD)Liquid Crystal OperationLC sandwiched between glass plates, which are rubbed at right angles to align the LC molecules.Polarizers aligned perpendicularly on either side.With no voltage applied across the pixel, the LC molecules twist to align to the rubbing of the glass plates. Light entering

7、 the first polarizer is twisted and can exit the second polarizer - pixel is ONWith a voltage applied across the pixel, the LC molecules untwist to align with the electric field. Light entering the first polarizer cannot exit the second polarizer - pixel is OFF.Liquid Crystal Pixel: ONPolarizer 1(Ve

8、rtical)Polarizar 2(Horizontal)HorizontallyPolarizedLight OutUnpolarizedLight InLiquidCrystalNo applied voltage: optical polarizationfollows twist of LC moleculesLiquid Crystal Pixel: OFFPolarizer 1(Vertical)Polarizar 2(Horizontal)No Light OutUnpolarizedLight InLiquidCrystal applied voltage: LC molec

9、ules to isotropic.Qualitative ComparisonCrystallinePolysiliconAmorphousRelative sizesSpray NozzleMaskSpray NozzleSpray Nozzle TFT - LCD Pixel Top ViewGate metal Data metalITO CS storage capacitanceIPS TFTLCD Pixel Top ViewGate metal Data metal CS storage capacitancecell layoutModule Process Flow & FAB LayoutOLBSolderingInspectionPCBSolderingCellSettingI/F CardSettingBezelSettingFPCSettingBrun-inArray GlassInputCell Panel InputTAB-ICSpacerCell SettingFPCFPC SettingBezelBezel SettingProcess StepProcess NameMaterialPunchingOLBOLB Inspec