1、中考英語閱讀理解解題技巧If you come across new words when reading, What will you do ?Keep yourself calm !保持冷靜Ignore(忽略)them and continue readingLook them up in the dictionaryGuess the meaning How to guess the meanings of words ? 猜測詞義 Guessing themeanings of words詞義猜測題常用的提問方式有： 1. The word “” refers to / probabl

2、y means / could best be replaced by _. 2.The word “” is most likely to mean_. 3. What do you think the expression “” stands for? 4. The underlined word “” means _. .1. Definition 定義法3. Similarity 相似法2. Contrast 對比法4. Cause and effect 因果法5. Example 例舉法8. Common Sense 普通常識 6. Word Formation 構(gòu)詞法猜測詞義7.

3、Context 上下文 It will be very hard but very brittle that is , it will break easily.1. Definition 定義法： 一般通過定義、定語（從句）或同位語（從句）來確定詞義。 (adj. 易碎的, 脆的) The herdsman , who looks after sheep, makes about 650 yuan a year. (n. 牧羊人)2. Contrast 對比法： 利用文中的反義詞以及表對比關(guān)系的詞（詞組）猜測詞義。 表示對比的詞有 but、while、however、 otherwise 、

4、 unlike、on the other hand、instead .Most of us agreed, however, Bill dissented.She is usually prompt for all her classes, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class.A. on time B. late C. slowly D. quickly A (v. 不同意)3. Similarity 相似法：利用同義詞、近義詞或詞組猜測詞義。Cleaning up waterways is an enormous ta

5、sk .The job is so large, in fact, that the government may not be able to save some of the rivers and lakes which have been polluted.(adj. 巨大的;極大的)4. Cause Effect 因果法：從原因推測結(jié)果，從結(jié)果推測原因。 One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing. That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to

6、see all the exhibitions in one day. (adj. 貧窮的,窮困的) (adj. 大的)因果關(guān)系With the help of conjunctions like: （原因）because、as、since、for （結(jié)果）so、thus、as a result、therefore、 so that .5. Example 例舉法：利用文中的舉例猜測詞義。常見的舉例的提示詞有for instance, for example, such as等 。Today young couples often spend lots of their money on ap

7、pliances, for example, washing machines, refrigerators and color televisions.(n. 電器用具)6. Word Formation 構(gòu)詞法： 英語單詞大多是由詞根、詞頭（前綴）和詞尾（后綴）所組成。詞根是單詞最基本的部分，表達(dá)單詞的基本含義。在詞根前或后加上前綴或后綴，可以用來引申或轉(zhuǎn)變原詞的意義。只要我們掌握了各種詞根、詞頭和詞尾的基本含義，那么就可以很容易猜測出由其構(gòu)成的新詞的含義了。中學(xué)英語中常見的前綴和后綴有：super- (超) mini- (極小的, 微小的)micro-（極微小的） re- （再，反復(fù)）

8、mis-（誤，惡） im-（不） un-（不，非） in-（不，非）non-（不，非） -able（能的 ） -less（不，無） -wards (向)superman microwave(超人)nonnatural mispronouce(非自然的) homeless nonsmoker(無家可歸的) rebuild eastwards(重建) Can you guess the right meanings?(微波)(非煙民)(發(fā)錯音)(向東) Eg. Im going to buy a microbus. micro+bus 微型公共汽車 A. see clearly B. unders

9、tand C. expect7. Context 上下文：利用語境及前后的提示來猜測詞義。 1) He sounded quite nervous and he had been talking for a minute or so before I understand anything. Even then all I could make out was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident.B Tom saw an owl in a tree last nightAa bird Ban animal C. a sta

10、r2）Tom saw an owl last night Aa bird Ban animal C. a star Tom saw an owl in a tree last night but it flew away when he got nearAa bird Ban animal C. a starAABCAB(n. 貓頭鷹)3）The children are looking at an ape. Aa kind of monkey Ba kind of tree Ca kind of bird The children are looking at an ape at the z

11、oo Aa kind of monkey Ba kind of tree Ca kind of bird The children are looking at a large, hairy ape at the zoo Aa kind of monkey Ba kind of tree Ca kind of birdAABC.AC(n. 猿)8. Common sense 普通常識：根據(jù)普通常識和生活經(jīng)驗來猜測詞義。 如遇到生詞，有時可以根據(jù)自身的直接或間接的經(jīng)驗，或運用自己已有的常識將其推測出來。比如了解一些英美國家的天文地理、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、宗教信仰、政治結(jié)構(gòu)、社會制度等，可以幫助加深對文章的

12、理解，遇到生詞時，猜測詞義的能力自然就會增強。 When a doctor performs an operation（手術(shù)） on a patient,he usually gives an anesthetic to make himunconscious, because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him. n麻醉劑(藥) Inquiry-based Activities (I) 探究活動 (1) Can you guess the correct meanings

13、of the following words?- 1. There are some glaciers moving down the mountain valleys. A glacier is a river of ice. A. 雪山 B. 樹枝 C. 冰河 D. 冰 2. He is a resolute man. Once he made up his mind to do something, he wont give it up halfway. A. weak B. firm C. kind D. clever 3. Mr. Brown is now working at Pr

14、inceton University far away from home. For this reason he has to rent a room near the office where he works. A. 租用 B. 借出 C. 購買 D. 參觀 4. The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer. A. work B. study C. name D. interest 5. The old woman has a stra

15、nge habit to keep over 100 cats in her house. Her neighbor all call her an eccentric lady. A. 愛貓的 B. 古怪的 C. 閑不住 D. 動物保護主義者 6. In many countries there are two financial extremes, from penury to great wealth. A. 便士 B. 溫飽 C. 非常貧困 D. 虛弱 7. Mrs. Smith is loquacious while her husband is the silent type. A

16、. 活潑的 B. 好動的 C.愛說話的 D. 可愛的 8. Those new comers didnt like the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city. A. town B. capital C. countryside D. house 9. This boy is not stupid, on the contrary, no one could be more intelligent. A. 勤奮的 B. 愚蠢的 C. 聰明的 D. 情報10. Children are alwa

17、ys boasting. They say things like “My Dads car is bigger than your Dads,” “My Mom is smarter than yours.” and “My family has more money than yours.”The word “boasting” means _.A. 驕傲 B. 吹牛 C. 頑皮 D. 幼稚 Inquiry-based Activities (II) 探究活動 (2) Passage 1. We can not feel speed. But our sense let us know t

18、hat we are moving. We see things moving past and feel that we are being shaken. We can feel acceleration, an increase in speed. But we notice it for only a short time. For example we feel it during the takeoff run of an airplane.1. Acceleration is the name for _. A. any kind of movement B. the movem

19、ent of a plane C. a steady speed D. an increase in speedPassage 2. All the athletes try to be at the closing ceremony. They have forgotten all their fears and worries. It does not matter whether they have done well or not. All the teams walk round the stadium together. Everybody in the village clear

20、s up and gets ready to leave. Everyone is hunting for local products. People exchange track suits, hats, running vest and so on. There is a last chance to take photographs and get addresses of new friends. Then each team starts its journey home.5. The underline phrase “clears up” in the paragraph me

21、ans_. A. packs up B. goes away C. makes clear D. does the cleaningPassage 3 The ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolution he was banished. A few members of the Senate(參議院) opposed this decision, but the majority voted that the ruler should leave the country for ever. The underl

22、ined word “banished” mean_. A. killed by stoning B. sent away C. imprisoned D. punished by whipping Passage 4 My first job was to drive the oxen that ploughed the cane fields. I would walk behind an ox, guiding him with a stick. For $ 1 a day, I worked eight hours straight, with no food breaks. It was very tedious work, but it prepared me for life and taught me many lasting lessons. Because the plantation owners were always watching us, I had to be