1、 2022年鄖陽(yáng)醫(yī)學(xué)院自考英語(yǔ)（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 counties are members, have shown that 45 per cent of reptile（爬行類(lèi)的）species and 2

2、4 per cent of butterflies are in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe have indicated that _. A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain. B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out. C、there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than e

3、lsewhere. D、many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正確答案】D【答案解析】答案選D。本段的第二個(gè)句子是這么說(shuō)的：有21個(gè)國(guó)家組成的歐洲委員會(huì)的研究表明，45%的爬行動(dòng)物和24%的蝴蝶瀕臨滅絕。由此可見(jiàn)，D是正確的答案。第2題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Now, there are about 24 million microcomputers in use in the United States one for every 10 citizens. It is estimated that

4、by 1996, 61 percent of American managers will be using some sort of electronic work station.Q: At present about 10% of American citizens possess a microcomputer. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。本段一開(kāi)頭就說(shuō)到目前在美國(guó)大約有二千四百萬(wàn)臺(tái)微型電子計(jì)算機(jī)在使用中，平均每十人就擁有一臺(tái)。因此本題的表述是正確的。第3題【單選題】【完成句子】Most of the classics of

5、 science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been translated into many languages.Book written by J. Verne are_. A、science fictions with a recurrent theme B、concerned with

6、the problems that we have to solve in the future C、read worldwide D、political implications【正確答案】C【答案解析】這段文字講到J. Verne是一位有名的作家，所寫(xiě)的書(shū)已經(jīng)譯成了許多種語(yǔ)言，因此C選項(xiàng)是正確答案。第4題【單選題】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might b

7、e related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with de

8、ficiency of _. A、industrially polluted soils B、the element of iodine C、rock and soil chemistry D、the persistence of heavy metals【正確答案】B【答案解析】通過(guò)關(guān)鍵詞Some serious diseases，可將題目定位于最后一句話(huà)：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases. deficiency of和lack of表達(dá)同樣的意思“缺乏、缺少”，因此根據(jù)這句話(huà)可以判斷答案為B。

9、第5題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes_. The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53，000 people die in the United States each year as a result of

10、 exposure to secondhand smoke. A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke. B、In the United States，nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker. C、This smoke is called secondhand smoke. D、No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson

11、 has lung cancer.【正確答案】C【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸煙者時(shí)常吸入他人香煙中冒出的煙，接下來(lái)應(yīng)首選對(duì)此煙加以定義的句子。第6題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certain elements of writing: a word, a phrase, an idea, a sound, or a grammatical construction. We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternate

12、 heavy and light beats in music. Our love for rhythm seems to be innate: witness the responses of a small child to lively music. Children love to beat on toy drums or empty boxes. They stamp their feet and chant nursery rhymes or nonsense syllables, not unlike primitive dancers. As children grow old

13、er, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm, but our love of rhythm remains. We live in rhythms; in fact we are governed by rhythms.According to the passage, an adults reaction to rhythm in music would probably be _. A、uninhibited B、indifferent C、restrained D、responsible【正確答案】C【答案解析】該題

14、的解題依據(jù)在本段結(jié)尾部分“As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm”。作者講：隨著孩子的年齡逐漸增大，大人就會(huì)教他們抑制對(duì)節(jié)奏的反應(yīng)，等他們長(zhǎng)大之后，他們對(duì)音樂(lè)節(jié)奏的反應(yīng)，更可能受到抑制。第7題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world. It was called “Incidents of Travel in Central America，Chiapas and Yucatan”. T

15、he author John Loud Stephens had just returned from a long, difficult and dangerous journey through the thick rain forest of southern Mexico and Guatemala. He had once been there with Frederick Catherwood, an architect and artist, to search for the remains of a lost civilization known as the Mayas(瑪

16、雅). Very little was known about the Mayas at that time, but Catherwoods drawing in the book showed incredible cities with temples，pyramids and other buildings as impressive as those of their northern neighbors, the Aztecs. These cities, however, were deserted. The inhabitants(居民) had disappeared alm

17、ost a thousand years before.Stephens book astonished the world because _. A、it was the first time people heard about Mayas. B、the Mayas were excellent builders and farmers. C、he had experienced so many difficulties to find this lost civilization. D、it described that the Mayas used to be an advanced

18、civilization.【正確答案】D【答案解析】根據(jù)問(wèn)題中的關(guān)鍵詞astonished，把本問(wèn)題定位在第一句In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world.對(duì)下面的幾個(gè)重要事實(shí)的歸納概括就得出正確答案：D。第8題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peop

19、les cigarettes_. The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53，000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke. A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke. B、In the United States，nine million children und

20、er the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker. C、This smoke is called secondhand smoke. D、No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正確答案】C【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸煙者時(shí)常吸入他人香煙中冒出的煙，接下來(lái)應(yīng)首選對(duì)此煙加以定義的句子。第9題【單選題】During the past two decades, research has_ our knowledge of daydreaming. A、expanded

21、 B、emerged C、descended D、conquered【正確答案】A【答案解析】【譯文】在最近二十年間，研究已經(jīng)擴(kuò)大了我們關(guān)于白日夢(mèng)的知識(shí)?！驹囶}分析】動(dòng)詞詞義選擇題。 【詳細(xì)解答】 A 擴(kuò)大 B浮現(xiàn)、露出 C 下降 D 征服第10題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfo

22、rtunately, it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a. m. one week, 8 am to 4pm the next, and 4 pm to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so tha

23、t much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.In the last sentence of the paragraph, “another” means_. A、another routine B、another shift C、another week D、another person【正確答案】A【答案解析】another（另一個(gè)）之后省略了routine 一詞。第11題【單選題】【2010.04】The student _ described the beautiful mountai

24、ns and rivers in his home town. A、artificially B、vividly C、critically D、viciously【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查副詞的詞義辨析。這個(gè)學(xué)生生動(dòng)地描述了他的家鄉(xiāng)美麗的山河。第12題【單選題】The engineer _ my father works is about 50 years old. A、to whom B、on whom C、with which D、with whom【正確答案】D【答案解析】with whom引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.with whom放在從句中即為:my father works with

25、the engineer.第13題【單選題】【2010.04】We should _ this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance. A、bear B、put C、place D、print【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查詞匯題?！咀g文】 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)牢牢記?。翰灰悦踩∪?。詳細(xì)解答】牢記在心：bear in mind 或者keep in mind第14題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggressio

26、n in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality (守衛(wèi)地盤(pán)的天性) are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate (天生的) survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals t

27、o defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventi

28、ons that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical (道德上的) patterns

29、 within which human violence has been directed. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that _. A、it threatens the existing social systems B、it is influenced by society C、it has roots in religious conflicts D、it is directed against institutions of law【正確答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人類(lèi)暴力的兩個(gè)特性，

30、其中第二個(gè)特性是“a learned behavior”?？梢灾辣绢}的答案應(yīng)該就在本段的后面部分。接下來(lái)的第二句話(huà)即說(shuō)人類(lèi)暴力的諸多表現(xiàn)形式都受社會(huì)習(xí)慣的制約：The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior，將其定型為侵略性行為。第15題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】You consider that you cant find your place in your own country, so you

31、 risk the comfortable but modest life with your parents and you go abroad. Maybe there will be moments when you cant stand the loneliness anymore, the strangers around you, or your job. But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on, as you are the only

32、 one to be blamed.When you are lonely in a foreign country, you should _. A、change your decision B、blame your parents for it C、stick to your decision and go on D、make more friends【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。根據(jù)文章本段中But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on可知答

33、案。作者認(rèn)為你出國(guó)后可能會(huì)面臨各種困難，面對(duì)周?chē)哪吧?、工作，你可能?huì)感到孤獨(dú)，但是仔細(xì)想想這個(gè)決定是你自己做的，于是你不得不深呼吸，然后繼續(xù)。第16題【單選題】【2009.01】Modern economics _the countrys agricultural policies. A、undergoes B、understands C、underlies D、undertakes【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)是國(guó)家農(nóng)業(yè)政策的基礎(chǔ)?？疾樾谓鼊?dòng)詞詞義。A 經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受；B 了解；C 成為的基礎(chǔ)；D 承擔(dān)，保證。 第17題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】On the oth

34、er hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon; but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitational pull that a body produces depends on the amount of

35、 material in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter because A、it is too small to have a gravitational pull of it

36、s own. B、its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it. C、its pull disappears in the presence of the earths gravitation. D、it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題定位詞是not feelpacket of butter，找到原文中A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very smal

37、l in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.所以答案是B。C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在disappear。第18題【單選題】【2009.04】It is not decided _ the conference will be held. A、what B、which C、when D、that【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。譯文：大會(huì)什么時(shí)候召開(kāi)還沒(méi)有決定。詳細(xì)解答：A 什么；B 哪一個(gè)；C 什么時(shí)候；D （無(wú)詞義）。第19題【單選題】【2008.10】Nev

38、er before _ so rapidly developing as it is today. A、has our country been B、has been our country C、our country has been D、our country been has【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查語(yǔ)法?！咀g文】我們國(guó)家從未像現(xiàn)在這樣高速發(fā)展?！驹敿?xì)解答】否定詞never在句首，該句子應(yīng)采用部分倒裝。第20題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Norwich, the capital of the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has been

39、in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small village beside the River Wensum.Q: The River Wensum flows by Norwich. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。答題依據(jù)在第二句，Norwich是River Wensum旁邊的一個(gè)小村莊，就說(shuō)明了River Wensum流經(jīng) Norwich。第21題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The world is not only hungry; it is als

40、o thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea-water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we

41、 cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of icebergs（冰山）and glaciers（冰川）. Even worse, some of it has been polluted.What percentage of the earths water can man actually use at present? A、Nearly 75 per cent. B、About 97 per cent. C、Exactly 3 per cent. D、Less than 3 percent.【正確答案】

42、D【答案解析】根據(jù)本段得知，地球上只有3的水適于人類(lèi)飲用，然而部分以冰山或冰川的形式存在，還有的被污染，因而實(shí)際上人類(lèi)能用的水要低于3。第22題【單選題】【2010.04】By the end of next year the bridge _ . A、is to complete B、has been completed C、will be completed D、will have been completed【正確答案】D【答案解析】【譯文】 到明年年底之前，這座橋修建將完成?！驹囶}分析】本題考查語(yǔ)法?！驹敿?xì)解答】動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。by the end of到時(shí)為止；在之前。將來(lái)完成時(shí)態(tài)，用于表

43、達(dá)在將來(lái)某時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。第23題【單選題】【2008.04】To understand the sentence, you should analyze its parts _. A、functionally B、widely C、largely D、remarkably【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查副詞詞義區(qū)分。為了理解這個(gè)句子，你應(yīng)該分析句子各個(gè)部分的功能。A. 有用途地、有功能地； B. 寬廣地； C. 大大地； D. 突出地。第24題【單選題】【2009.04】When you _ know Bob better, you will like him. A、go to B

44、、got to C、went to D、get to【正確答案】D【答案解析】譯文：當(dāng)你更加了解鮑勃時(shí)，你將會(huì)喜歡他的。試題分析：本題考查主將從現(xiàn)。詳細(xì)解答：根據(jù)主將從現(xiàn)的原則，主句用了一般將來(lái)時(shí)，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。 第25題【單選題】【完成句子】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilit

45、ation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to _. A、the persistence of heavy metals B、industrially polluted

46、 soils C、naturally polluted soils D、rock and soil chemistry【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段提到：受到污染的土壤含有重金屬，而且重金屬很穩(wěn)定，不容易降解，所以要對(duì)重金屬進(jìn)行徹底的清除。答案選擇A。第26題【單選題】【2010.04】The spokesman occasionally _ his speech with gestures. A、acknowledges B、accompanies C、attributes D、anticipates【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查詞匯?！咀g文】這位發(fā)言人講演中偶爾伴有手勢(shì)。第27題【單選

47、題】【2008.04】Fish is _ and expensive at this time of the year in this area. A、in large measure B、to the minimum C、in short supply D、to the maximum【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查短語(yǔ)意義辨析。這個(gè)地區(qū)在一年中的這個(gè)時(shí)候魚(yú)的供應(yīng)不足，價(jià)格昂貴。in short supply：缺貨、供貨不足。第28題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between t

48、he butter and the moon; but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitational pull that a body produces depends on the amount of material in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pu

49、ll of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter because A、it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own. B、its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it. C

50、、its pull disappears in the presence of the earths gravitation. D、it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題定位詞是not feelpacket of butter，找到原文中A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moo

51、n, or the earth, or the sun.所以答案是B。C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在disappear。第29題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. You will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly.

52、Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Q: Due to the effect of alcohol, your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。本題的關(guān)鍵句為：but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. 因此本題答案為A。第30題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Good news for c

53、hocoholics：the treat preferred by millions all over the world is good for you, according to American researchers at the University of CaliforniaChocolate contains substances called flavonoids(類(lèi)黃酮) that can help maintain a healthy heart and good circulationThe researchers have discovered that cocoa a

54、cts like aspirin and that eating a bar of chocolate has also been shown to release endorphins in the body：these chemicals help to reduce pain and stress and make you feel happy.Why is chocolate good for heart and circulation? A、It reduces pain and stress B、It contains substances called flavonoids C、

55、It releases endorphins in human body D、It acts like aspirin to protect heart【正確答案】B【答案解析】因果關(guān)系詞信號(hào)詞。凡是注釋中文的地方可能是答案區(qū)域。第31題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】The acid rain（酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem e

56、ven worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced. _. A、The problem, however, is not just a European one. B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already. C

57、、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people. D、Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe.【正確答案】C【答案解析】前文提到完成這項(xiàng)工作需要很多的錢(qián)，答案轉(zhuǎn)折說(shuō)到了墨西哥沒(méi)有這么多的錢(qián)去做。兩句之間有隱含的邏輯關(guān)系。第32題【單選題】【2007.04】The

58、 furniture in her bedroom is quite different from _ in the living room. A、that B、it C、one D、which【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查復(fù)合句。that在本句中指代the furniture，目的是為了避免重復(fù)。which用于引導(dǎo)句子或短語(yǔ)，在此也不能指代the furniture。 第33題【單選題】【2010.04】In order to follow fashions, the girl has to _ great discomforts. A、catch up with B、put up wi

59、th C、keep up with D、fall in with【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查短語(yǔ)辨析?！咀g文】為了跟隨時(shí)尚，這個(gè)女孩不得不忍受極度地不舒適。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，趕上。keep up with：和.保持聯(lián)系。fall in with：偶然遇到，贊同。第34題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want. Cathy, a mother told us, “My children have packed lunches, becaus

60、e they say they hate school dinners. I make 3 packed lunches every morning, so our kitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning.” However, another mother, Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food. She said, “My daughter always has school dinners. I think she probably gets hea