1、關(guān)于獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)習(xí)第一張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月一獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)1.概念: 充當(dāng)狀語 在句中可以表示時間、原因 條件、方式或伴隨情況等。2.結(jié)構(gòu): 名詞/代詞 + 非謂語（doing & to do & done） 形容詞&副詞 介詞短語 。形容詞&副詞&介詞短語&狀語從句非謂語動詞邏輯主語Taking your age into consideration,Youd better not go hiking.Your age taken into consideration,youd better not go hiking. (邏主you)(邏主your age)

2、（邏輯主語與整句的主語相同）第二張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月() 名詞/代詞+分詞(過去分詞done & 現(xiàn)在分詞doing) 當(dāng)分詞作狀語時,其邏輯主語與句子的主 語不一致時,分詞應(yīng)有自己的邏輯主語, 構(gòu)成分詞的獨立結(jié)構(gòu)。一般位于句首,也 可放在句尾;作伴隨狀語時,常放在句首。 1._, they left the meeting room.（問題解決了）（settle） 2._ ,well go there on foot. (時間允許的話)(permit) (cross)3.He was lying on the grass,(他的手交叉在頭下) _This problem

3、 settledTime permittinghis hands crossed under his head.l第三張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()名詞/代詞 + (being) 形容詞_,he had to stay home to look after her.(他媽媽生病了)2. He entered the house,(他的鼻子凍得通紅) _（red）()名詞代詞（being) 副詞 He put on his socks，_. （反的一面在外面）(out)His mother (being) illhis nose red with cold.wrong side

4、out第四張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()名詞代詞不定式1.I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _ in a year. (2005湖南) A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed.2._ (最后一個人的到來)，our party started.（arrive） The last guest to arrive第五張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（）名詞代詞介詞短語在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果邏輯主語與介詞短語中的名詞都是單數(shù)名詞，這些名詞前習(xí)慣不用冠詞。1.Our te

5、acher came into the classroom, _.(手上一本書)2._ the soldier rushed to the top of the mountain.(肩上一面旗幟）book in handFlag on shoulder第六張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月()有些獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中沒有分詞，僅 在名詞或代詞之后直接跟作表語或狀語 的詞或詞組，省去的分詞一般是being 或having been，這是為了簡練。但在“being+過去分詞”或“there being過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，being不可省。1._, he went to school.(早餐結(jié)束后)

6、（over）2._, we cant go there. (房間正在被油漆) Breakfast (being) overThe room being painted now第七張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月二With和without復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)with和without復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是:with/without名詞代詞分詞不定式形容詞副詞介詞短語。在句子中可以作狀語或定語。第八張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（）with/without名詞代詞現(xiàn)在分詞。用現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動、正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作。 I couldnt finish my work with those childre

7、n _. A. playing around B. plays around C. played around D. to play around () with/without 名詞代詞+ 過去分詞。用過去分詞表示被動或已完成的動作。 In the read-room, we found her seated at a desk, with her attention _ on a book. A. fixing B. fixes C. fixed D. to fix 第九張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月() with/without名詞代詞不定式。用不定式表示將要發(fā)生的動作。 W

8、ith a lot of difficult problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled ()with/without名詞代詞形容詞。 She sleeps with the window open.第十張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月() with/without+名詞代詞副詞。 _ production up by 60%, the company has had another excelle

9、nt year. A. As B. For C. With D. Through() with/without+名詞代詞介詞短語。 1.He sleeps with a book in his hand. 2. A girl with a necklace around her neck got on the bus. 第十一張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月三with和without復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 與獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)化（） with和without復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)與獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語時，一般可相互轉(zhuǎn)換；此外還可變?yōu)闋钫Z從句或并列句。（）作時間狀語 With winter coming on,

10、 the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south.=Winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south. = When winter comes on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south. 第十二張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（）作原因狀語 With the key lost, she could not enter the room. =The key lost, she could not ent

11、er the room. =As/Because the key had been lost, she could not enter the room.第十三張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月(3)作條件狀語 With time permitting, well visit the Summer Palace. =Time permitting, well visit the Summer Palace. =If time permits, well visit the Summer Palace.第十四張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月(4)作伴隨狀語 Here are t

12、he first three volumes with the fourth one to come out next month. =Here are the first three volumes, the fourth one to come out next month.=Here are the first three volumes and the fourth one is coming out next month. 第十五張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月() with和without復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)可以作后置定語修飾名詞，而獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)則不可作后置定語修飾名詞。 Soon

13、she arrived at a park with grass green and flowers in blossom. =Soon she arrived at a park whose grass was green and whose flowers were in blossom.第十六張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月1._ ten minutes _ before the last train left, we arrived at the station. A. There were; to go B. With; to go C. I was; left D. It

14、 had; left2.The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _. A.20 dollars remained B.20 dollars to remain C.remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars3._ the lights off, we could not go on with the work. A. Until B. As C. With D. Because鞏固練習(xí)第十七張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月4.It was a pity tha

15、t the great writer died _ his work unfinished. A. for B. with C. from D. of5.The weather _ so bad, we had to put off the football match. A. was B. is C. were D. being6. _, the runners raced on to the finishing line. A. Stick in hand B. With a stick in his hand C. Sticks in hand D. Sticks in hands7.

16、The boy lay on the ground, his eyes _ and his hands _. A. being closed; trembling B. closed; trembling C. closed; trembled D. closing; trembled 第十八張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 8._,the work can be done much better. A. Given more time B. We had been given more time C. More time given D. If more time had give

17、n 9.Weather _, the sports meet will be held as scheduled. A. permits B. will permit C. to permit D. permitting 10._ a rainy day, he didnt go out for a walk as usual. A. It was B. It is C. It being D. Having beenWell done!第十九張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月非謂語動詞是高中語法的重點，也是難點，咱們常常對此感到頭疼。其實只要理解并掌握非謂語動詞各種形式的特點，做起題

18、來會很輕松。熟悉知道了非謂語動詞形式后，做題時可分四步分析。第二十張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月一、分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)1. _many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it . A. Having been told B. ToldC. He was told D. Though he told3. _to the left , youll find the post office .4. If you _to the left , youll

19、 find the post office .5. _to the left , and youll find the post office . A. Turning B. To turn C. Turn D. TurnedCAACC第二十一張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月二、分析邏輯主語確定要選非謂語動詞之后，第二步要分析其邏輯主語。非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語，但仍具有動詞特點，其邏輯上的動作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語。非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語須和句子的真正主語一致。若不一致，則須加上自己的邏輯主語。1. _no buses , we have to walk home . A. T

20、here being B. It were C. There were D. It being2. _Sunday， I shall have a quiet day at home . AD第二十二張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月三、分析語態(tài)分析語態(tài)就是在確定邏輯主語之后，分析非謂語動詞和邏輯主語在搭配使用時是主動還是被動關(guān)系。1. _from space , the earth looks blue .2._from space , we can see the earth is blue . A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D.See3. The dir

21、ty clothes _ , the girl hung them up outside .4. _ the dirty clothes ,the girl hung them up outside . A. was washed B. washed C. were washed D. having washed ABCD第二十三張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月四、分析時態(tài)，在選定了主動或被動后，還要考慮動作發(fā)生的時間問題，即時態(tài)。1. The building _now will be a restaurant .2. The building _next year will be

22、 a restaurant .3. The building _last year is a restaurant.A. having been built B.to be built C. being built D. builtCBD第二十四張，PPT共二十八頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月看看獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和其他句式的結(jié)合1.He had a lot of friends, only a few of _ invited to his wedding.A. whomB. themC. which D. who【陷阱】容易誤選 A，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語從句?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘荁，這不是非限制性定語從句，而是一個獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因為空格后的動詞 invited 并不是一個完整的謂語，而是一個過去分詞。當(dāng)然，假若在 invited 前加上助動詞 were，則是一個非限制性定語從句，答案便應(yīng)選A 第二十五張，PP