1、推薦書目在準(zhǔn)備雅思的過程當(dāng)中，或許很多人都會像我曾經(jīng)那樣不惜一切代價地去買所謂的名師參考書，因?yàn)槲覀兌紩杂X不自覺地自我游說：1450塊的考試報(bào)名費(fèi)都交得起了，還介意那幾十塊錢的參考書費(fèi)嗎。其實(shí)，有時候想想，我們買的書越多，證明我們越不自信；而且參考書一多，復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃就會更亂。所以，到目前為止，我只覺得以下幾本書稍微有點(diǎn)價值1. 慎小嶷十天突破雅思寫作 優(yōu)點(diǎn)：比較系統(tǒng)地總結(jié)了雅思寫作的方方面面，而且我最欣賞它的地方是讓烤鴨的必備詞匯量降到最低。 缺點(diǎn)：想想當(dāng)全中國80%以上的烤鴨都人手一本的時候，它就不再是烤鴨戰(zhàn)場上的大規(guī)模殺傷性武器了。2. 慎小嶷十天突破寫作完整真題庫 優(yōu)點(diǎn)：比較系統(tǒng)地收集和

2、歸類不同類型的雅思題目，我最欣賞它的地方是它能讓考生覺得“原來9分作文都是不外如是”，而且我們能很好地找出差距。 缺點(diǎn)：看了這本書，你會很容易地掉進(jìn)那個“大包圍”的題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)，你會有意無意地想把所有topics 都寫了，你會有意無意地背誦別人的觀點(diǎn)和9分范文。這樣的復(fù)習(xí)方法是致命的。3. 吳建業(yè) 最新雅思考試勝策之寫作 優(yōu)點(diǎn)：有很多很好的例句和觀點(diǎn)，能讓考生從例句中掌握單詞，熟悉觀點(diǎn) 缺點(diǎn)：觀點(diǎn)太多，沒有針對性，而且topics 很少，因?yàn)檫@邊書是2003年的產(chǎn)物。它已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后雅思寫作題庫的更新速度4. 吳建業(yè) 最新雅思考試勝策之詞匯 優(yōu)點(diǎn)：對于渴望背單詞的朋友，這本書足夠你背了，而且那些詞都

3、是按照topics來劃分的，所以比其他垃圾詞匯書又進(jìn)了一步。 缺點(diǎn)：我從來反對盲目背單詞，更加反對那些為了使用某個單詞而要自己的觀點(diǎn)妥協(xié)的做法。單詞是一把雙刃劍，它既是武器，又是負(fù)擔(dān)。注意：以上僅僅屬于本人觀點(diǎn)和切身感受，也并非為某作者賣廣告。我覺得吧，除了上述這四本書，其他的話，可以放到微波爐里面烤一下，看看有沒有烤鴨的味道嘻嘻TASK 1 小作文曾經(jīng)一直忽視小作文，甚至認(rèn)為雅思寫作約等于是寫一篇250字的大作文。輕視它的原因可以歸結(jié)為，字?jǐn)?shù)少(只要150字)，不需要個人觀點(diǎn)(純粹描述客觀figures)，有固定的單詞和句型，分?jǐn)?shù)只占總分的1/3直到后來與考官見面的時候，我才意識到小作文的殺

4、傷力。This is especially true when it comes to those who only got band 6.5 but indeed demand band 7.0。有時候，6.5分到7分的距離，小作文起了決定性的作用。按照劍橋雅思的分類，小作文可為：柱狀圖(bar chart)，餅圖(pie chart)，曲線圖(line graph)，表格(table)，地圖(map)和流程圖(processing chart)。當(dāng)然，這只是按照這些圖表的屬性和特征來歸類。為什么我要費(fèi)那么多筆墨在這個人所共知的問題上面呢？經(jīng)過我1個月的練習(xí)和研究，我發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果按照這樣的歸類

5、，我們得總結(jié)出6套相對應(yīng)的模版(句型和詞匯)。其實(shí)這樣是吃力不討好，事倍功半的，因?yàn)檫@樣的歸類方法嚴(yán)重地影響了我們的復(fù)習(xí)方案和練習(xí)計(jì)劃，而且并沒有很好地反應(yīng)出task 1的本質(zhì)要求。我的個人認(rèn)為，應(yīng)該把柱狀圖，餅圖，曲線圖和表格看作一個總體，然后區(qū)分出是縱向比較還是橫向比較（下面會繼續(xù)解釋它們的區(qū)別和應(yīng)對方案）；然后地圖題是一類，流程圖是另外一類。也就是說按照本人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，task1 小作文按照圖表的本質(zhì)應(yīng)該分為：橫向比較，縱向比較，地圖題和流程圖。Part 1 縱向比較和橫向比較由于雅思寫作task 1中，柱狀圖，餅圖，曲線圖和表格占了絕大多數(shù)，所以這個板塊應(yīng)該作為復(fù)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)。每當(dāng)我們拿到題目

6、的時候，我們第一件事應(yīng)該做什么？對，看圖表（果然是一句廢話）！其實(shí)我的意思是，我們得首先觀察它們究竟是：不同物體在同一時間點(diǎn)的比較（即橫向比較），還是單一物體在不同時間點(diǎn)的比較（即縱向比較）。這一點(diǎn)非常非常非常非常非常重要！因?yàn)椴煌谋容^，有著不同的內(nèi)在比較關(guān)系。詳細(xì)分析如下橫向比較：由于沒有時間的變動，因此不存在物體或數(shù)據(jù)的波動，也就是說，那些描述變化趨勢、描述變化特征的詞匯和句型完全不適用。此時此刻，我們要focus的是 首先我們要找出極值（最大值和最小值） 然后客觀地、略有篩選地描述剩余數(shù)據(jù)（若數(shù)據(jù)太多，則有所側(cè)重；若數(shù)據(jù)不多，則全部描述） 接著就是高潮了-找出不同數(shù)據(jù)之間的共同特征和大

7、小比較（比如說，誰和誰一樣大/小，誰是誰的幾分之幾，誰是誰的多少倍） 高潮過后，就需要有一個意猶未盡但有心無力的總結(jié)縱向比較：顧名思義，就是由于時間的推移，不同物體和數(shù)據(jù)之間發(fā)生了量的變化，也就是說，這時候關(guān)于描述變化趨勢和變化特征的詞匯和句型就用得上了。此時此刻，我們要concentrate的是 首先客觀描述變化的大體趨勢（是升高了還是降低了，是多了還是少了） 然后描述變化的具體特征（是怎樣增加的，是怎樣減少的，幅度如何，速率如何） 接著找出變化趨勢相似的不同物體，然后客觀描述一下，以減少單詞和詞匯的重復(fù)使用，避免啰嗦 同樣，這里也需要一個縱橫全局的歸納和總結(jié)說了那么多，估計(jì)你們也看煩看膩了

8、。畢竟很多人都想著一蹴而就，想著盡可能多背單詞多抄句型。好吧，閑話不多說，上貨！請大家驗(yàn)明正身！程度副詞 多于：More than, just over, over少于：Less than, just under 幾乎：Approximately, almost, nearly完全：Exactly, precisely表示列舉data/information句型1. Overall, A has the largest number of名詞(NO1) and B the smallest (NO2). C and D both have NO3; E has NO4.Overall, Swe

9、den has the largest number ofenrolled students (17) and Syria the smallest(5). France and Spain both have 12 students; Germany has 11. It is noticeable that France and Germany have similar profiles.2.A has the most+名詞+doing (NO1); B is next with NO2, while C has NO3. D and E have (相同) NO4 eachSweden

10、 has the most students studyingCAD (9); Spain is next with 7, while France has 6. Germany and Syria have 4 CAD students each.3.According to the pie chart, A, which is %, is the mostamong the total, then next is B with %, followed by C, making up %; and finally come E, F and G at %, %, % respectively

11、.According to the pie chart, chicken, which is 40%, is the most popular among the total meat sold, then next is pork with 20%, followed by beef, making up 18%; and finally come lamb, fish and other at 15%, 5% and 2% respectively.縱向比較 1.Experience/witness/see/enjoy+修飾詞(最高級)+增加/減少/震蕩 Experience/enjoy

12、+ a significant/the most dramatic + decrease/increase增加: increase, growth, rise 減少: decrease, drop 快速: dramatic, drastic 緩慢: gradual, steady, slow大幅: significant, substantial 小幅: moderate, slight震蕩: considerable/marked/sharp/minor fluctuation2.The number of was No1 in Yr and rose/reduced by % to No2

13、The number of miles that car traveled was 3199 in 1985 and rose by 50% to 4806 in the subsequent years.增加/上升: increase, rise, grow 急促上升: jump, soar to, surge to減少/下降: decrease, drop, decline 急促下降: plummet to, plunge to3.主語+上升/減少 to or 主語+上升/減少 by4.The percentage/proportion/number of is修飾詞larger/ sma

14、ller than that of 修飾詞 明顯: substantially, obviously 輕微: slightly, moderately 5.A修飾詞 increase/decrease occurred修飾詞 大幅: considerable, significant, substantial 小幅: moderate, slight 6.表示不變的狀態(tài)：主語 remain constant/unchanged/stable/steady at表示趨勢的句型 1.there is a downward/ upward/ opposite/ general/ dominant t

15、rend下降的/上升的/相反的/總體的/主要的趨勢 2.tend to be more/less preferred 傾向越來越受(不)受歡迎 As can be seen from the table, walk and certain short-distance transportation, such as cycled and local bus tend to be less preferred.3.There is a considerable increase/decrease in There is a considerable increase in total miles

16、 by all modes of transportation, compared with the data (4,740 miles) in 1985.表示比較增長或減少趨勢B also rose/increased/grew during this period, but less sharplydecreased/declined/droppedThe sales of games software also rose during this period, but less sharply.Sales increased from about 13 billion dollars i

17、n 2000 to just under 20 billion dollars three years later.表示相同相似變化趨勢的句式A similar situation was seen in the, whereA similar situation was seen in the wholesale and retail trade sector, where the number of women rose from about 550 000 in 1975 to almost 800 000 two decades later.There are some similar

18、ities between A and BBe similar to/ A has something in common with B表示變化特征的詞匯表示超過的詞語Outnumber 比多，在數(shù)量上超過In this profession, women outnumber men by two to one.= there are twice as many women as men 在這個行業(yè)，女性人數(shù)是男性的兩倍The number of men outnumbered women by four to one. 我們的人數(shù)以4比1超過他們Exceed 超過數(shù)量The price wi

19、ll not exceed $100.Overtake (在數(shù)量或重要性方面)大于，超過Nuclear energy may overtake oil as the main fuel.表示連續(xù)的時間段1.over a span of years= over the period fromto = in the years betweenand 2.during the same period3.in the No. years spanning from 19xx through 19xx= fromtowithin the 5 years period4.from then on= fro

20、m this time onwards= in the subsequent years.橫向比較1.程度副詞 doubled/trebled三倍/quadruple四倍/halve減半(NO. vs NO.), whiledoubled/trebled/quadrupled/halved which were數(shù)字(年份) and數(shù)字(年份) respectively.The figure by long distance bus more than doubled during the same period (54 miles vs. 124 miles), while the miles

21、 by taxi trebled which were 13 miles and 42 miles respectively.2.表示“A占總體的多少”或“A為B倍”或“A為B的分之3.數(shù)字(A+B), of which A wereand B wereItaly received 20 million visitors, of which 1.2 million were from the UK and 1.8 million were from the USA.4. had a higher/lower total number of名詞than any of the other+名詞 F

22、rance had a higher total number of visitors than any of the other countries on the list.表示比較的句型 1.likewise,句子. 同樣地， Likewise, the use of other, unspecified, forms of transport also increased.2.By contrast/In comparison,句子. 相反地， By contrast, the long distance vehicle enjoyed a significant increase ov

23、er the period, spanning from 1985 to 2000, although there exists some differences. In comparison, student expenditure in country C was considerably lower, at only US$1500 per year pared with the data (數(shù)字) in年份,句子. 與相比較， Overall, there is a considerable increase in total miles by all modes of transpo

24、rtation, compared with the data (4,740 miles) in 1985.4.had half/twice/tripletimes as many可數(shù)名詞 as, but/yet the number ofandwas the same.Australia had half asmany visitors asThailand (3 million vs6 million), butthe number of visitors tothose countries from the UK and the USA was the same, 0.3 million

25、.5.句子, while句子.12 million Americans visited Canada while 5.5 million visited Mexico.6.had a higher/lower total number ofthan any of the other+名詞復(fù)數(shù) France had a higher total number of visitors than any of the other countries on the list.表示“%”的詞語百分比：percentage, proportion, share高：High, large highest,

26、largest低：low, smalllowest, smallest表示“占%”的詞組正向：A constitute/occupy/account for/compose/comprise B A占B的%負(fù)向：% of B be composed of A (總體)有%的(某一元素)% of名詞 be composed of (總體)有%的(某一元素)Around 15% of our diet is composed of protein. 我們的飲食中大約有15%的蛋白質(zhì)composes (某一元素)構(gòu)成總體的%Christians compose around 2.5% of the

27、countrys population 基督教徒占這個國家人口的2.5%Comprise 構(gòu)成Older people comprise a large proportion of those living in poverty.Constitute 構(gòu)成Constitute around 60% of the total/a larger percentage (around 20%) ofConstitute the majority of the labour force. 占勞動力的大多數(shù)Occupy 占據(jù) Dry lands occupy a third of the worlds

28、surface. 陸地占了地球表面的三分之一Account for (數(shù)量上，比例上)占 The Japanese market accounts for 35% of the companys revenue. 日本市場占公司收入的35%.對了，差點(diǎn)忘了，要區(qū)分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)是data 還是 percentage.這個決定了相對應(yīng)的詞匯如果大家能夠熟練地掌握我上述的總結(jié)和歸納的話，相對對于以上四種圖表一定能夠得心應(yīng)手了Part 2 地圖題地圖是最近比較流行的題目，本人連續(xù)考的4次雅思寫作里面，居然有兩次都是地圖題（12月11日和2月26日）。不過對于應(yīng)付這種題型，大家不用害怕，其實(shí)沒什么大不了的。慎小

29、嶷最近的新書十天突破寫作完整真題庫里面的DAY 1O(page 297318)，有詳細(xì)的歸納。以下內(nèi)容均為摘抄該書的章節(jié)。懇請大家尊重別人的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)，在沒有得到原作者允許的情況下，請勿用于商業(yè)用途表示“A位于” A is located/situated/liesA is just off the road to A就在通向某地的路邊上A is right at the center of A就在的正中央表示“A靠近或者緊挨著B”:A is next to/near/close to表示“A在距離B某一面公里處” A is located/situated/lieskilometers/mil

30、es to the east/west/north/south of B表示“A位于B內(nèi)的某個部分” A is located/ situated/ lies in the eastern/western/northern/southern part of B表示“A在B的某個角上” A lies/is located/is situated on/at the east/west/north/south/corner of B表示“剩下的”部分：The rest of the表示“道路通向/河流流向某處”: The road runs fromtoThe river runs/ flows

31、fromto表示“沿著河流/道路”:Along with river/road Alongside the river/road表示“A在道路或者河流的某一側(cè)” A is located/situated/lies on the north/south side of the river/ the roade.g. situated on the south side of the River Thames, this hotel offers its guests an ideal location in central London表示“A與B僅一河之隔/僅一路之隔”:A is right

32、 across from B表示“A在道路或河流的南北端” A is located/situated/lies on the north/south end of the river/the road表示“A在B的對面”:A is opposite B表示“A在B某一側(cè)的邊界上” A is located/situated/lies on the eastern/western/northern/southern border of B表示“A在B某側(cè)的邊緣上” A is located/situated/lies on the eastern/western/northern/southe

33、rn edge of B表示“A朝北/朝南/面朝公園等” A faces north/southA faces towards the north/ the southA faces a park表示“斜向的方位”:東北 north-east 東南 south-east西北 north-west 西南 south-west表示建筑物的布局：Layout 指一個建筑物周邊的環(huán)境：The surroundings of a building表示“A占據(jù)了某個空間”：A occupies表示A由幾個不同的部分組成：A consists of/ is composed of/ is made up o

34、f B, C and D表示A的長度是：The length of A is=A isin length表示A的寬度是：The width of A is=A isin width表示A的面積是：A isin areaThe farm is 50 kilometers in areaThe building almost doubled in floor area.表示大約：approximately, roughly, about, around表示一塊地：a patch of land/ a stretch of land表示從A延伸到：A extended/ stretched from

35、toThe park extended from Main Street to King George StreetThis period stretched from the mid-eighteenth century to the late nineteenth century表示比較，“與所不同的是” Unlike A, BCompared with A, BAwhile/ whereas BIn comparison/ in contrast/ by contrast, B表示可以“使用”：available表示可以“容納”：can accommodate表示理論上講：in theo

36、ry, theoretically, hypothetically表示但事實(shí)上：but in reality/ however, realistically/ yet in practice/ but in fact/as a matter of fact, though表示在某處建造了A：A was built in=was constructed in=was established in表示在某處又增建了A：A was added to=an addition was made to,which was A表示改動原建筑或原場地：v. change/ modify/ remodeln.

37、change/modification/remodeling表示A被改造成了B：A was turned into/ was transformed into/ was converted into B表示A被搬走或拆掉：A was removed/ demolished/ taken down from表示A被B取代了：A was replaced by B/ A made way for B表示A的面積縮?。簍he size of A was reduced to only half of/ one third of the original size表示A的面積擴(kuò)大:A was expa

38、nded to twice its size=the size of A almost doubled表示A向XX方向延伸：expand/extend northward/southward/eastward/westward表示A經(jīng)歷了：A experienced/ witnessed/saw起初：at first=initially=in the beginning=originally接著：then=next=after that=in the following stage=in the next/subsequent period=afterward在這個階段：at this poi

39、nt=in this phase=in this stage最終：finally=eventually=in the endPart 3 流程圖對于流程圖，本人從來沒有準(zhǔn)備過。我覺得沒必要撿了芝麻丟了西瓜。畢竟它出現(xiàn)的頻率很低，而且?guī)缀鹾茈y準(zhǔn)備。有見及此，對于那些在考試當(dāng)中遇到流程圖的烤鴨們，我只能說：“不要慌，不要怕，前面就是天堂，一路走好！”TASK 2 大作文Part 1. 考官是怎么改卷子的？知己知彼，百戰(zhàn)百勝，所以“考官是怎么改卷子的，他以什么為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的評分”的尤為重要。經(jīng)過朋友的介紹，我認(rèn)識了Steward，他是一位資深的寫作老師和改卷老師，在悉尼大學(xué)語言中心工作(那些在悉尼的朋友，

40、如果想找他的話，請給我留言，我有他的聯(lián)系方式)。我上了他兩小時的課，他幫我改了12篇大作文和2篇小作文。我覺得這短短的兩小時，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)比上什么新東方新航道環(huán)球雅思什么保7班精品班重要得多得多。after all，很多中國雅思老師還是處于意淫階段?？粗牧?2篇文章，發(fā)現(xiàn)他改作文的模式非常非常的mechanical，他說考官一般會在1小時內(nèi)改六份作文（including task 1 and task2），那就是說平均5分鐘改一篇。在這五分鐘里，他就死死地盯著評分規(guī)則，從task response, coherence and cohesion, lexical resources, gramma

41、tical range and accuracy 這四個方面評分。而且讓我無比深刻的是：雅思是一門語言能力考試，它側(cè)重于測試學(xué)生的語言表達(dá)能力，而不是思維能力。記?。汉诵脑~是語言表達(dá)！Part 2. 雅思寫作7分是什么樣的概念以下是雅思寫作的7分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(a). task response: addresses allparts of the task presents a clear position throughoutthe reponse presents, extend and supports main ideas, but there may be a tendency to ove

42、r-generalise and/or supporting ideas may lack focus.用中文最簡單的理解是：首尾都要回答問題，允許泛泛而談。這就是說，我們沒必要花太多的精力去考慮觀點(diǎn)是否絕對嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)是否意義深刻，關(guān)鍵是要告訴考官你的思考邏輯。這就是劍橋雅思的魅力，它要考你的不是你的思維能力，而是你的語言表達(dá)能力。哪怕在ridiculous的觀點(diǎn)，只要你能用最恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z言去表達(dá)，你也可以同樣得7分（當(dāng)然，如果你的目標(biāo)是8分，你就當(dāng)我癡人說話吧）。還有就是說，很多題目本身包含很廣泛的概念，很多大學(xué)教授用十幾萬字都解釋不清的關(guān)系，怎么就能讓我們這些門外漢用三言兩語就解釋好呢。說了這么多，

43、我想說的是，如果你從一開始就習(xí)慣背誦滿分作文，習(xí)慣復(fù)制別人的觀點(diǎn)，這樣的復(fù)習(xí)方法會很吃力（我不敢說是錯的，那是確實(shí)低效，甚至有賭博成分），事倍功半。畢竟我們都是正常人，我們都有自己的思考能力和理解能力，我們說的每一個觀點(diǎn)都是make sense，不make sense的是我們沒把那個觀點(diǎn)說清楚。(b). coherence and cohesion logically organisesinformation and ideas, there is clear progression throughout lises a range of cohesive devicesappropriate

44、ly although there may be some under-or over use presents a clear topicwithin each paragragh用中文最簡單的意思是：分段分點(diǎn)，每點(diǎn)之前必須有連接詞。這一點(diǎn)非常非常容易達(dá)到（我總結(jié)了大量這樣的詞匯，明天或者后天上傳上來）。然后那個考官最為推介的范式（以argumentation的題目為例，因?yàn)閞eport類的文章更死板了）：開頭段+主體段（讓步一段，支持（反對）兩段）+結(jié)尾段。其實(shí)說白了，就是我們最熟悉不過的模版。 也就是說，模版是非常有用的，之所以變成沒用（serve no helpful purpose）

45、是因?yàn)橛媚７兜哪莻€人沒有用（想起粵語里面的一句歇后語，叫“太監(jiān)撒尿”）。至于怎么用模版才能變得不落于俗套，下文回答問題7的時候會有詳細(xì)分析。(c). lexcial resource uses a sufficient rangeof vocabulary to allow some flexibility and precision uses less common lexical itemswith some awareness of style and collocation may produce occasional errosin word choice, spelling and

46、/or word formation用中文最簡單的意思是：足夠就好，不需要多；一兩個大詞就夠，不需要濫。一說到單詞，相信我們并不陌生，甚至認(rèn)為學(xué)英語就是背單詞，寫作就是單詞的選美與堆砌。盡管我們都知道這是不對的，但是依舊默默地堅(jiān)持著，比如說背誦一大堆同義詞代換，一大堆除了莎士比亞見過之外其他人都沒見過的大詞。這樣的復(fù)習(xí)會很累而且會逐漸把雅思寫作從邏輯表述變成詞匯大雜燴。至于何謂是足夠的單詞，何謂是less common lexical items，這就是問題6的范疇了。經(jīng)過我寫了大概30篇雅思作文，我覺得我們需要的詞匯其實(shí)真的不多（我的詞匯表一定會upload上來，估計(jì)在明天或者后天）。我想說

47、的是，記單詞最好的方法是，把單詞放到句型或者例句上面來，然后句型或者例句一定要與雅思寫作topic 相關(guān)。如果不相關(guān)，證明那個詞就算記住了，也不會用。(d). Grammatical range and accuracy uses a variety of complex structures produces frequent error-free sentences has good control of grammar and punctuation but may make a few mistake用中文最簡單的意思是：句子結(jié)構(gòu)多樣性和允許語法錯誤的存在。對于句子結(jié)構(gòu)多樣性，這一點(diǎn)，

48、我覺得我們中國學(xué)生肯定沒問題的，什么定語從句，什么名詞性從句，什么狀語從句，倒裝句，虛擬語態(tài)，被動語態(tài)等，我們只會過猶不及。從我的個人經(jīng)驗(yàn)來看，我有時候會把定語從句和同位語從句搞亂（并不是我們不知道有什么不同，而是一緊張就很容易忽視了）。說到語法錯誤，我可以說，我們中國學(xué)生最最最常犯的語法錯誤都是非常低級（請參考part.4內(nèi)容）。Part 3. 雅思寫作7分所需要的詞匯(a). 雅思寫作必備連詞-只要掌握了這些連詞，就能符合到coherence and cohesion 7分以上的要求以下為英語寫作(雅思寫作，學(xué)術(shù)論文等)必備的連詞匯總。以下的內(nèi)容參考了悉尼大學(xué)本科學(xué)生orientation

49、 handbook里面關(guān)于如何preparing for essays的總結(jié)，再加上本人的積累。有些連詞與下面的句型匯總重合，請以句型匯總為重點(diǎn)。對于應(yīng)該雅思寫作和大學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)論文絕對綽綽有余，希望能幫助大家。 為了更好地分享我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我將以下的詞語劃分成三組 用下劃線highlight的是適用那些總感覺雅思寫作寫不長、寫不滿250字、需要灌水的同學(xué) 用粗體highlight的是適用于那些每次都寫得太長、寫爆格，務(wù)實(shí)的同學(xué) 用斜體highlight的是適用于那些有強(qiáng)烈大詞欲，渴望用大詞整死考官的同學(xué) To signal sequence or additionAccordingly, actual

50、ly, additionally, afterwards, again, also, and, another, as was previously stated, as well as, at the same time, besides this, consistent with this, correspondingly, equally important, finally, further, furthermore, in addition, in a like manner, in the first place, in the same way, including, initi

51、ally, last, likewise, more importantly, moreover, next, originally, overall, primarily, similarly, to begin with, too, what is more. To signal timeAfter, afterward, as long as, at first, at last, at length, at the same time, before, concurrently, currently, during, finally, following, immediately, i

52、n the future, in the meantime, last but not least, later, meanwhile, next, once, presently, rarely, simultaneously, sometimes, subsequently, then, this time, until, until then, whenever, while. To show resultsAccordingly, as a result, consequently, for this reason, hence, in other words, in that cas

53、e, it follows that, it is evident that, otherwise, owing to, resulting from this, so it can be seen that, that being the case, therefore this implies, this suggests that, thus, under these circumstances. To introduce evidence/support/reasonsContradictory to this, contrarily, in support of this, it f

54、ollows, this is clear because, the evidence foris, the reasons forare, this is supported by, to affirm this, to attest to this, to corroborate, to explain, to further confirm, to further verify, to list, to substantiate this, in substantiation. To signal repetition, summary, or conclusionAccordingly

55、, all in all, all together, as a final point, as a result, as I have noted, as indicated earlier, as mentioned, as previously stated, as we have seen, briefly, by and large, consequently, finally, given these facts, hence, in brief, in conclusion, in other words, in short, in summary, to sum up, in

56、summation, on the whole, overall, since, so, summing up, then, therefore, thus, thus we can see that, to conclude, to recapitulate, to repeat, to review. To introduce causes or effectsAccordingly, as a result, because, consequently, due to, for as much as, for that reason, hence, in as much as, in t

57、hat, in view of, on account of, owing, since, then, therefore, thus, to narrow the focus, after all, from this perspective, from this point of view, given this context, in fact, in order to, in other words, in particular, in this case, in this context, indeed, particularly, put another way, specific

58、ally, that is, this is particularly true when, under certain, circumstances, up to a point, with this in mind. To contrast,After all, although, alternately, and yet, at the same time, be that as it may, bu, contrastingly, conversely, despite, dissimilarly, even though, for all that, however, in cont

59、rast, in contrast to this, in opposition to this, in reality, in spite of this, inconsistent with this is that, instead, meanwhile, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, on the contrary, on the one hand, on the other hand, otherwise, paradoxically, rather than, regardless of, still, though, wh

60、ereas, when in fact, yet. To compareAlso, analogous to, another similar issue is, at the same time, by the same token, equally, in comparison, in like manner, in similar fashion, in the same way, likewise, similarly. To clarifyIn other words, that is, that is to say, this means that, to clarify, to