1、Unit1 總Day1 20006 Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect things n a Unit1 總Day1 20006 Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect things n a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of f

2、ive-stargeneral.WhyareuniformssoheUnitedAmong the arguments for uniforms, one of the eyes of most they look more n civilian（百姓的）clothes. People e conditioned expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. repairman who wears uniformtends to inspire more nhoappearsin civilian clothes. he ski

3、ll of garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, man, barber,orawaitertoloseal ）ntostepoutof Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save laundry bills. They are tax-deductible（可減稅的）. They are often more comfortable and ncivi

4、lianPrimary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, change, until retirement. When people look a

5、like, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, the Uniformsalso give rise to some practical problems. Though theyare long lasting, their initial expense is to maain, requiring profes manytypesofcivilianclothes.n the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also al dry cleaning n the home sib

6、le Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect thingsna uniform, Whyare uniformssoheUnitedhe eyes of most Among the arguments for uniforms, one of theylookmore ncivilian（百姓的UniformsalsohavemanypracticalPrimary among the arguments against is their lack of variety

7、 and consequentlossofindividualityexperiencedbypeoplewhomustwearUniformsalsogiverisetosomepracticaltheUnited 在, 。5.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe, 。5.ThebesttitleforthispassagewouldbeUniformsandTheImportanceofWearingaPracticalBenefitsofWearingaAdvantagesandDisadvantagesofD)1.IttAmericanswhoworshi

8、pvarietyandindividualitystilljudgeamanbyhisholdtheuniforminsuchhighC)enjoyhavinga al D)willrespectanelevatoroperatorasmuchasa generalin2.PeopleareaccustomedtoA)suggestsqualityta maninuniformB)discardshislC)appearstobemoreD)periorrsonincivilian3.Thechieffunctionofauniformistoprovidepracticalbenefitst

9、othemakethewearercatchthepublicinspirethewearersconfidenceinD)providetheweareral 4.Accordingtothepassage,peoplewearinguniformsareusuallyhavelittleornoindividualtendtolosetheirD)enjoy、，。在做閱讀理解題時有兩個標準：速度和準確度。四級閱讀的速度要求是 wordsperminute)70%、，。在做閱讀理解題時有兩個標準：速度和準確度。四級閱讀的速度要求是 wordsperminute)70%1）Skim2）Read

10、 the questions (without the ) 3）Scan and 1.5 分鐘左右。讀時應把題干的 For an increasing number of students at American universities, old ddenly in. reason is obvious: the graying of America means jobs. Coupled with the aging of the baby-tthenationselderlypopulationisbound（expand significantly over the next 50 y

11、ears. By 2050, 25 percent of all Americans will be n 65, up from 14 percent in 1995. The es profound questions overnment society, of course. But italso creates career edicine and health s, in law and business as well. “In addition to the doctors, were going to need more biologists, urban planners an

12、d lized lawyers,” says Professor Edward Schneider of UniversityofSouthernCaliforniasUSCSchoolofGerontology（老年學Lawyerscanlizein“elderlaw,”whichcoverseverythingfromtrustsandtonursing-homeabuseandage UniversityofSouthernCaliforniasUSCSchoolofGerontology（老年學Lawyerscanlizein“elderlaw,”whichcoverseverythi

13、ngfromtrustsandtonursing-homeabuseandage elder market because the baby boomers, 74 million strong, are likely to be the wealthiestgroup retirees in human history. “Any student who combines an expert knowledge in gerontology say,anMBAorlawdegreewillhavealicensetomoney,”oneprofessorMargarite Santos is

14、 a 21-year-old senior at USC. She began college as a biology but found she was “really bored with bacteria.”So she took a class in gerontology tshe liked it. She says, “Idid teerwork inretirement homes and it was了For an increasing number of students at American universities, old ddenly in. reason is

15、 obvious: the graying of America means jobs. Coupled with the aging of the baby-（）generation,a longer life span tthe nationselderly population is bound expand significantly over the next 50 years. By 2050, 25 percent of all Americans will be n 65, up from 14 percent in 1995. The es profound question

16、s overnment society, of course. But italso creates career edicine and health s, in law and business as well. “In addition to the doctors, were going to need more biologists, urban planners and lized lawyers,” says Professor Edward Schneider UniversityofSouthernCaliforniasUSCSchoolofGerontology（老年學La

17、wyerscanlizein“elderlaw,”whichcoverseverythingfromtrustsandtonursing-homeabuseandage elder marketbecause the baby boomers, 74 million strong, are likelyto be the wealthiestgroup retirees in human history. “Any student who combines an expert knowledge in gerontology say,anMBAorlawdegreewillhavealicen

18、setomoney,”oneprofessorMargarite Santos is a 21-year-old senior at USC. She began college as a biology but found she was “really bored with bacteria.”So she took a class in gerontology tshe liked it. She says, “Idid teerwork inretirement homes and it was是“old jobs確1. “ old A)Americaddenly(Line1,Para

19、.1)mostprobablymeans “”. e a nation of old peoplee B)gerontologyC)moreelderlyprofessorsarefoundonAmericanD)Americancollegeshaverealizedtheneedofenrollingolder2.WiththeagingofAmerica,lawyerscanbenefitA)fromtheadoptionofthe “elderB)fromrenderingltotheal C)byenrichingtheirD)bywinningthetrustoftheelderl

20、ytopromotetheir3.Whycanbusinessmenmake heemergingelder RetireesaremoregenerousinspendingTheycanemploymoreC)ThesessanenormousD)D)bywinningthetrustoftheelderlytopromotetheir3.Whycanbusinessmenmake heemergingelder RetireesaremoregenerousinspendingTheycanemploymoreC)ThesessanenormousD)Therearemoreelderl

21、ypeoplen4.Whocanmake bighenewcenturyaccordingtotheA)Retireeswhoarebusiness-B)TheteerworkersinretirementC)CollegegraduatesnMBAorlawD)als goodknowledgeof5.Itcanbeseenfromthe ttheofAmericaselderlypopulationA)willprovidegoodjobanyB)willean urdenonmayleadtonursinghomeabuseandage willcreatenewfieldsofstud

22、yin2 1中根本沒有提校園里有越來越多的老年教授；D)選項也犯了一類錯誤，并沒有提2到)B)3C)4D)5199514%長到 25%和的5199514%長到 25%和的 ，The fitness t began in the late 1960s and early 1970s centered aerobic exercise（有氧操）. Millions of individuals became engaged in a variety of activitiesandliterallythousandsofhealthspasdevelopedaroundthecountrytoca

23、pitalize（獲利on this erest in fitness, particularly aerobic dancing for females. Anumber of spas existed prior to this aerobic fitness movement, evena national chain with ost cities. However their focus was not on aerobics, but rather on weight-training programs to develop muscular mass, strength, and

24、 endurance in their primarily male enthusiasts. fitness spas did not seem to benefit llyfromtheaerobic fitnessmovementtobetter since medicalopiniontweight-trainingprogramsofferedfew,ifany,healthInrecentyears,however,weighttraininghase increasinglypopular for malesandfemales. Many current programs fo

25、cus not only on butonaerobic fitnessasmuscular nd Historically, most physical-fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for health-related reasons, but primarily because such components have been related to performance in athletics. However, in recent years

26、, evidence t training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and might also offer some health benefits as well. The American College of Sports Medicine t weight training be part of a total fitness program for healthy Increased participation in such training is one of the specific p

27、hysical activity and fitness objectivesofHealthyPeople2000:NationalHealthPromotionandDiseasePrevention38.Whatwastheattitudeofdoctorstowardsweighttraininginhealthitive.B)Indifferent.C)Negative.D)These fitnessspas didnotseemto benefitllyfromtheaerobic fitness tobetterhealth,sincemedicalopinionhealthtw

28、eight-trainingprogramsofferedfew,if很多同學看到原文中的“itive.B)Indifferent.C)Negative.D)These fitnessspas didnotseemto benefitllyfromtheaerobic fitness tobetterhealth,sincemedicalopinionhealthtweight-trainingprogramsofferedfew,if很多同學看到原文中的“fewhealth benefitsC) Negative 。ItcameassomethingofasurprisewhenDiana,

29、sofWales,madeatriptoin 1997, to support the Red Withinhoursofarrivinginn for a total ban on all nel screensaroundtheworldwerefilledwith images scausedby landmines.“Iknewthe istics,”shehercomfortingvictimsinjured in“But putting a face to those figures brought the reality home to me; like when I met S

30、andra, 13-year-oldgirlwhohadlostherleg,andpeoplelikeThe s concluded simple message: “We must stop landmines”.And usedeveryopportunityduringhervisittorepeatthisBut, back in London, her views were not shared by some members of the ernment, which refused to support a ban on these weapons. Angry ns laun

31、ched attack on the she press. They described her as “very ill-informed”and a cannon（亂放 的人Thesrespondedbybrushingasidethecriticisms: “Thisisadistraction（干擾wedonotneed.AllImtryings ition parties, the media and the public y voiced their support for s.Tomakemattersworseforernment,itsoontthesstrip been a

32、pproved by the Foreign Office, t she was in fact very well-informed about both situation in Angola and the ernments policy regarding landmines. The result was severeembarrassmentforTo try and limit the damage, the Foreign Secretary, Malcolm Rifkind, t t it ss views on landmines were not very differe

33、nt ernment policy, “working towards” matter was “a misForthe a worldwide ban. The Defence Secretary, Michael Portillo, claimed the ion or misunderstanding.”s,thetriptothiswar-torncountrywasanexcellentopportunitytousepopularity to show the world how much destruction and suffering landmines can cause.

34、 She ttheexperiencehadalsogivenherthechancetogetcloser topeopleandtheir21. sDianapaidavisittoAngolain1997A)toclarifytheernmentsstandontoestablishherimageasafriendoflandminetoinvestigatethesufferingsoflandminevictimstovoice hersupportforatotalbanof22.What didDianameanwhenshesaid “. putting a faceto t

35、hose figuresbrought realityhome tome”(Line5,Para.A)MeetingthelandminevictimsmadehervetheShejustcouldntbeartomeetthelandminevictimsfacetoTheactualsituationinAngolamadeherfeellikegoingbackSeeingrealityhome tome”(Line5,Para.A)MeetingthelandminevictimsmadehervetheShejustcouldntbeartomeetthelandminevicti

36、msfacetoTheactualsituationinAngolamadeherfeellikegoingbackSeeingthepainofthevictimsmadeherrealizetheseriousnessofthe23.SomemembersoftheernmentcriticizedDianabecauseA)shehadnotconsultedernmentbeforetheB)shewasill-informedofernmentsC)theywereactuallyedtobanningD)theytshehadretedthesituationin24.Howdid

37、DianarespondtotheA)ShemademoreonShepaidnoattentiontoSherosetoarguewithherShe metthe13-year-oldgirlas25.WhatdidsDianathinkofhervisittoIIIIdcausedembarrassmenttothed ypromoteddbroughtherclosertotheordinarydaffectedherrelationswiththe1997 際性受害者的身影。王 13 王 把它總結為簡單的一句話須?？蛡兺?王 以漠視來回應這些批評和公眾都對王 表示了支持。表明王 對M

38、alcolm ，王 。國防部長 Michael 對于王 來說，到這個飽受與王1997【DItcameassomethingofasurprisewhensofWales,madeatriptoAngolain1997,tosupporttheRednfor a ban onall nelandes，22. tome王 說Putting【】D13 ，ban onall nelandes，22. tome王 說Putting【】D13 ，istics后面but 的轉(zhuǎn)折以及l(fā)ike 的運用和句 王 【些的”出 tthe sstriphadbeenapprovedbytheForeignOffice,

39、tshewasinernments very well-informed about both the situation in Angola and the regarding landmines”即“事實表明王 王 sresponded【brushingasidethecriticismsbrushasidepaynoattentionto王 【unit1 總論ay2 題型及應對策略一（主旨題的。ThepassageismainlyaboutWhichofthefollowingexpressesthemainideaoftheWhat is eraltopicoftheTheauthor

40、ismainlyconcernedwithTheheme ofthe passage isParagraph2ismainlyaboutWhichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheauthorsWhatisthe authorseinwritingthisThebesttitleofthispassageis。Sport not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well a

41、s re to win can create sive amount 。Sport not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as re to win can create sive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes（運動員）. Stress can be emotional, or psychological and researc

42、h has t it can lead to burnout. Burnout beendescribedas orquittingofantwasatone time The early years of development are critical years for learning about lf. The setting here valuable can take place. Young athletes can, for le, how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other l t will be t

43、 their feedback throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all youngsters can y affect their children. Youngsters may take their parentsand criticismstoheartandfindaflaw（缺陷Coaches and parents should also be t youth sport participation does e work for children. e of the game shou

44、ld not be more n sof learningthe sportand other life odays youthsport setting, young may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the Followingagame,manyparentsandcoachesfocusoneandfindfaultwithitive reinforcement should be provided regardless of itive reinforcement mot

45、ivates and has a greater effect on e. n tAgain,criticismcancreatehighlevelsofstress,whichcanleadtoSomepessimisticexpertsttheautomobileisboundtoodisuse.Theyseeday in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay.

46、They t the car will remain a meansofurbanheforeseeableThe motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It e smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not ered by the gasoline Thecarofthefutureshouldbefarmorepollution-npresenthe future will still be the main problem Re

47、gardless of er source, the edsolutiontothisproblemistheautomatedWhentheautoentersthehighwaysystemaretractable（可伸縮的）armwilldropthe auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to ering subway Once attached to the rail, the care eredfrom the system, control of the vehicle will pass to a central

48、 computer. The computer will then monitor all of cars The driver willuseephone to dial instructions about his o the The computer will calculate the best route,and reserve space for the car all the way to the exitfromthehighwayThedriverwillthenbefreetorelaxandwaitfortheThe computer will calculate the

49、 best route,and reserve space for the car all the way to the exitfromthehighwayThedriverwillthenbefreetorelaxandwaitforthebuzzer（蜂鳴器twill warn him of hiscomingexit. It is t anautomated highway will beable to 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 present-dayt can be carried by 出E

50、xerciseThe biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist gun, but man with the portable computer in business he last 15 years, pilots have reported over 100 tcouldhave beencausedbyerference.Thesourceoferference remains unconfirmed, but increasingly, experts are ing the blame at

51、electronicsuchasportablecomputers,radioandcassetteplayersandRTCA,anizationwhich advises the aviation（航空）industry, t all airlines ）such from being used during “critical”stages of particularlytake-ndlanding.Someexperts have gonefurther,calling fora totalbanduringflights. Currently, rules on using thes

52、e are left up to individual airlines. And some airlines prohibit passengers from using such equipment during take-nd landing, arereluctanttoenforceatotalban,tmanypassengerswanttoworkduringThe difficulty is predicting how electromagnetic fields might affect an computers. Experts t portable emit radia

53、tion which affects those which aircraft use for navigation and communication. But, because they have not been able reproduce these effects in a laboratory, they have no way of knowing whether mightbedangerousorThe taircraft may be vulnerable（易受損的erference raises the tterrorists may use radio system

54、in order to damage navigation equipment. As worrying, though, is the passenger who cant hear the instructions to turn off his radio because the musics too loud.Q:Thepassageismainlyabouta newregulationforallthedefectsofelectronicC)siblecauseofaircraftD)effectivesafetymeasuresforair【Exerciseveitornoto

55、ptical（錯覺）cancuthighwayJapan is a case in . s reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly percentusingasimpleopticaledonthe makedriversttheyaredrivingntheyreallyare,andthusdriversslowNow the American planning to repeat Japans tion Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D. C. s. Starting

56、next year, the foundation will chevrons atterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns highwaysive speed plays a major role in as much as one atterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns highwaysive speed plays a major r

57、ole in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accordingtothefoundation.Tohelpreducethoseaccidents,thefoundationwillconductitstestsareaswherespeed-relatedhazardsarethegreatestcurves,exitslopes,trafficcircles,andSome t straight, horizontal bars ed across roads can initially the average speed of dri

58、vers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed onths e usedtoseeingtheed Chevrons,scientistssay,notonlygive driversthe t they are driving n they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic acci

59、dents.Q:ThepassagemainlydiscussesA)anewwayofhighwayspeedB)a tternforinganewapproachtotraininganewtypeofoptical和【Exercisealong the lines comprising its rail system. Of major concern to Amtrak and its advertising agency DDB Needham, were the long-distance western routes where ridership had been declin

60、ing Atone time,trainswere the onlypracticalwaytocrossthe vastareasof the west.Trains were fast, very luxurious,and quite convenient comparedto other forms of transpor ion existing at the time. However, times change and the automobile became Americas standard of convenience. Also, air travel had easi