1、2022/8/27汽車實用英語 “ 十二五” 職業(yè)教育國家規(guī)劃教材 2022/8/27四沖程發(fā)動機構造與工作過程介紹發(fā)動機燃油供給系統(tǒng)認識發(fā)動機冷卻系統(tǒng)和潤滑系統(tǒng)認識汽車底盤構造認識汽車電氣設備和主動安全系統(tǒng)介紹項目一項目二項目三項目四項目五項目六項目七項目八汽車車身電氣設備和被動安全系統(tǒng)介紹車載網(wǎng)絡系統(tǒng)與自動駕駛技術介紹新能源汽車介紹項目九汽車性能參數(shù)及檢測設備介紹項目十汽車故障診斷儀和數(shù)據(jù)流項目十一汽車使用說明書及維修資料 項目一 四沖程發(fā)動機構造與工作過程介紹學習目標學習時間任務描述引導問題項目內容12345拓展材料61.認識關于四沖程發(fā)動機構造、工作過程的英語術語和詞匯；2.理解發(fā)動機

2、中零部件及工作過程的固定表達方法；3.運用所學知識，借助專業(yè)詞典，對發(fā)動機各總成資料進行中英文互譯；4.在教師指導下，完成與發(fā)動機構造及工作過程相關的英語資料閱讀和翻譯；5.正確完成課后練習。學習目標.時間要求:建議 4學時學習時間 任務描述以四沖程發(fā)動機為例，學習有關發(fā)動機構造及工作過程等知識，如汽缸體、汽缸蓋、活塞、連桿、進氣行程、壓縮行程、做功行程及排氣行程等，完成相關詞匯、特殊語句的認識。通過完成該任務，能閱讀關于發(fā)動機構造及工作過程的英文文獻，并能運用所學項目知識和翻譯技巧，翻譯相關文獻。引導問題你知道下圖中英文的意思嗎？項目內容Project 1Introduction to th

3、e Construction andOperation of a Four-stroke Engine項目內容Project 1Introduction to the Construction andOperation of a Four-stroke Engine項目內容Project 1Introduction to the Construction andOperation of a Four-stroke Engine項目內容Project 1Introduction to the Construction andOperation of a Four-stroke Engine項目內

4、容Project 1Introduction to the Construction andOperation of a Four-stroke Engine項目內容Project 1Introduction to the Construction andOperation of a Four-stroke EngineComponents at the top of the engine are:timing belt, camshaft timing pulley, camshaft,rocker arms and shafts, intake valves and springs,exh

5、aust valves and springs, piston (shown as Figure 1-1).項目內容Project 1Introduction to the Construction andOperation of a Four-stroke EngineComponents at the front of the engine are: piston,connecting rod, crankshaft, crankshaft timing pulley,timing belt, crankshaft pulley and balancer (shown as Figure

6、1-2).項目內容Project 1Introduction to the Construction andOperation of a Four-stroke EngineComponents at the rear of the engine are: fl ywheel, starter ring gear, piston，connecting rod ,crankshaft and crankshaft fl anger (shown as Figure 1-3).項目內容Project 1Introduction to the Construction andOperation of

7、 a Four-stroke EngineComponents at the bottom of the engine are: four pistons, connectingrods, crankshaft balance weights, crankshaft main-bearing journals,pulley，balancer ,fl ywheel and timing belt (shown as Figure 1-4).項目內容Project 1Introduction to the Construction andOperation of a Four-stroke Eng

8、ineThe oil pan, or sump, is attached to the bottom of the crankcase and closes off the internal parts (shown as Figure 1-5). 項目內容Project 1Introduction to the Construction andOperation of a Four-stroke EngineThe large end of the connecting rod connects to the crankshaft and the small end connects to

9、the piston (shown as Figure 1-6).項目內容Project 1Introduction to the Construction andOperation of a Four-stroke EngineThe most common engine is the four-stroke piston engine. These four strokes are intake stroke,compression stroke, power stroke and exhaust stroke(shown as Figure 1-7).項目內容Project 1Intro

10、duction to the Construction andOperation of a Four-stroke EngineEngine manufacturers basically use three distinct ways to arrange the cylinders in an engine: in-line, V-shape or opposed (shown as Figure 1-8).項目內容Project 1Introduction to the Construction andOperation of a Four-stroke Engine2.Translat

11、e the following words or phrases into Chinese.1）intake stroke 2）timing gear 3）water pump4）connecting rod 5）combustion chamber 6）crankpin7）bottom dead centre 8）cylinder head 9）fan pulley3.Translate the following words or phrases into English.1）汽缸體 2）齒圈 3）曲軸箱4）油底殼 5）正時皮帶 6）活塞環(huán)7）點火分電器 8）火花塞 9）主軸承軸頸Prac

12、tical Reading2ZZ-GE Engine借助專業(yè)詞典，對2ZZ-GE發(fā)動機資料進行中英文互譯。拓展材料拓展內容拓展材料The 2ZZ-GE engine is an in-line, 4-cylinder,1.8-liter, 16-valve DOHC engine (shown asFigure 1-9). This engine meets the EuropeanSTEP regulations.The VVTL-i (Variable Valve Timing and Liftintelligent)system, the DIS (Direct Ignition Sys

13、tem)and an air injection system have been adopted on this engine in order to improve performance, fuel economy and reduce exhaust emissions.請借助專業(yè)詞典，翻譯上述資料拓展材料請借助專業(yè)詞典，翻譯上述總成與零件拓展材料 謝謝觀看！2022/8/27汽車實用英語 “ 十二五” 職業(yè)教育國家規(guī)劃教材 2022/8/27四沖程發(fā)動機構造與工作過程介紹發(fā)動機燃油供給系統(tǒng)認識發(fā)動機冷卻系統(tǒng)和潤滑系統(tǒng)認識汽車底盤構造認識汽車電氣設備和主動安全系統(tǒng)介紹項目一項目二項目三

14、項目四項目五項目六項目七項目八汽車車身電氣設備和被動安全系統(tǒng)介紹車載網(wǎng)絡系統(tǒng)與自動駕駛技術介紹新能源汽車介紹項目九汽車性能參數(shù)及檢測設備介紹項目十汽車故障診斷儀和數(shù)據(jù)流項目十一汽車使用說明書及維修資料項目二 發(fā)動機燃油供給系統(tǒng)認識學習目標學習時間任務描述引導問題項目內容12345拓展材料61.認識關于燃油供給系統(tǒng)的組成和作用等的英語術語和詞匯；2.理解電子燃油噴射系統(tǒng)的固定表達方法；3.運用所學知識，借助專業(yè)詞典，對關于燃油供給系統(tǒng)資料進行中英文互譯；4.在教師指導下，完成與發(fā)動機燃油供給系統(tǒng)相關的英語資料閱讀和翻譯；5.正確完成課后練習。.時間要求:建議 4學時學習時間學習目標 以汽油發(fā)動機

15、為例，學習有關發(fā)動機燃油供給系統(tǒng)知識，包括油箱、油泵、燃油濾清器、供油管、噴油器、燃油壓力調節(jié)器及回油管以及電子燃油噴射系統(tǒng)等，完成相關詞匯、特殊語句的認識。通過完成該任務，能閱讀關于發(fā)動機燃油供給系統(tǒng)的英文文獻，并能運用所學項目知識和翻譯技巧，翻譯相關文獻。 任務描述引導問題你知道下圖中英文的意思嗎？項目內容Project 2 Acquaintance with Engine Fuel System項目內容Project 2 Acquaintance with Engine Fuel System項目內容Project 2 Acquaintance with Engine Fuel Syst

16、em Multipoint injection is the most commonly used, and consists of fuel tank, fuel pump, fi lter, fuel rail, injectors, pressure regulator, air cleaner and ducting, throttle valve, air flow meter, plenum chamber, intake manifold and electronic control unit (ECU) (shown as Figure 2-1) .項目內容Project 2

17、Acquaintance with Engine Fuel System The fuel supply system consists of the fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel filter, fuel supply pipe, fuel injector, fuel pressure regulator and fuel return pipe (shown as Figure 2-2) .項目內容Project 3 Acquaintance with Engine Coolingand Lubricating Systems The vapor pipe ven

18、ts the fuel tank to the charcoal canister. Other pipes connect the fuel pump to the carburetor, and the charcoal canister to the engine (shown as Figure 2-3) .項目內容Project 3 Acquaintance with Engine Coolingand Lubricating Systems項目內容Project 3 Acquaintance with Engine Coolingand Lubricating Systems Th

19、e air induction system consists of the air cleaner, air flow meter, throttle valve, air intake chamber, intake manifold runner and intake valve (shown as Figure 2- 4) . The ECU receives signals from the various sensors, processes them and adjusts the amount of fuel that is delivered from the injecto

20、rs. This enablesthe air-fuel ratio to be adjusted to suit many different operating conditions (shown as Figure 2-5).項目內容Project 3 Acquaintance with Engine Coolingand Lubricating Systems項目內容Project 3 Acquaintance with Engine Coolingand Lubricating Systems項目內容Project 3 Acquaintance with Engine Cooling

21、and Lubricating Systems2.Translate the following words or phrases into Chinese.1）electronic fuel injection 2）charcoal canister 3）single point fuel injection4）fuel fi lter 5）engine startability 6）engine compartment7）pressure regulator 8）fuel return pipe 9）air fl ow meter3.Translate the following word

22、s or phrases into English.1）燃油供給系統(tǒng) 2）燃油濾清器 3）空氣流量計 4）電子燃油噴射 5）多點燃油噴射 6）冷起動噴油器7）節(jié)氣門體燃油噴射 8）空氣進氣系統(tǒng) 9）輸油管拓展材料Practical ReadingEngine Measurement and Performance Characteristics拓展內容拓展材料 The former chapters presented the scientific principles upon which the automobile engine operates. It is time to expan

23、d on the topic of engine operation by exploring the many factors that influence engine performance. These factors include bore, stroke, displacement, compression ratio, compression pressure, volumetric efficiency, thermo efficiency, and mechanical efficiency. There are a few negative factors that ad

24、versely affect the normal combustion process and can cause power loss and serious engine damage. These factors are, of course, detonation and surface ignition.Bore The bore of an engine is a measurement taken inside the cylinder. Actually the bore is the diameter of the cylinder itself. The larger t

25、he cylinder bore, of course, the more powerful will be the power stroke because a bigger piston has more area on which the high pressure combustion gases can push down.拓展材料Stroke Stroke is also a basic cylinder measurement. However, in this case, the measurement is that of the actual piston travel w

26、ithin the cylinder as it moves from TDC to BDC or back again. A square engine is one that has a bore and stroke of the same dimension; whereas, an oversquare engine has a bore greater than its stroke. Displacement Manufacturers commonly use displacement to indicate engine size; this specification is

27、 really a measurement of cylinder volume. In otherwords, when the piston moves up from BDC to TDC, it displaces or pushes away a given volume of gases. Of course, the number of cylinders that an engine has, will determine total enginedisplacement. Therefore, engine displacement is always equal to th

28、e piston displacement of one cylinder multiplied by the number of cylinders in the engine. 拓展材料Compression Ratio Another design feature of an engine that determines the total power output of an engine is compression ratio. Compression ratio is a measure of the cylinder volume in cubic inches above t

29、he piston when it is at TDC (its clearance volume) compared to the cylinder volume above the piston when it is at BDC. When considering this statement, total cylinder volume appears to be the same thing as piston displacement, but it is not. Total cylinder volume is equal to piston displacement plus

30、 combustion chamber volume. The combustion chamber volume, with the piston at top dead center (TDC) is commonly known as clearance volume. Compression ratio is nothing more than the total volume of a cylinder divided by the clearance volume. The formula for fi nding compression ratio is then (total

31、volume) / (clearance volume) .拓展材料 謝謝觀看！2022/8/27汽車實用英語 “ 十二五” 職業(yè)教育國家規(guī)劃教材 2022/8/27四沖程發(fā)動機構造與工作過程介紹發(fā)動機燃油供給系統(tǒng)認識發(fā)動機冷卻系統(tǒng)和潤滑系統(tǒng)認識汽車底盤構造認識汽車電氣設備和主動安全系統(tǒng)介紹項目一項目二項目三項目四項目五項目六項目七項目八汽車車身電氣設備和被動安全系統(tǒng)介紹車載網(wǎng)絡系統(tǒng)與自動駕駛技術介紹新能源汽車介紹項目九汽車性能參數(shù)及檢測設備介紹項目十汽車故障診斷儀和數(shù)據(jù)流項目十一汽車使用說明書及維修資料項目三 發(fā)動機冷卻系和潤滑系認識學習目標學習時間任務描述引導問題項目內容12345拓展材料

32、61.認識關于發(fā)動機冷卻系統(tǒng)和潤滑系統(tǒng)組成、作用等的英語術語和詞匯；2.理解發(fā)動機冷卻系統(tǒng)和潤滑系統(tǒng)的固定表達方法；3.運用所學知識，借助詞典，對關于冷卻系統(tǒng)和潤滑系統(tǒng)等資料進行中英文互譯；4.在教師指導下，完成與發(fā)動機冷卻系統(tǒng)和潤滑系統(tǒng)相關的英語資料閱讀和翻譯；5.正確完成課后練習。.時間要求:建議 4學時學習時間學習目標 以汽油發(fā)動機為例，學習有關發(fā)動機冷卻系統(tǒng)的水套、節(jié)溫器、水泵、散熱器、風扇等，以及潤滑系統(tǒng)中主要零部件等，認識相關術語、詞匯和特殊語句。通過完成該任務，能閱讀關于發(fā)動機冷卻系統(tǒng)和潤滑系統(tǒng)的英文文獻，并能運用所學項目知識，對相關文獻進行翻譯。 任務描述引導問題你知道下圖中英

33、文的意思嗎？項目內容Project 3 Acquaintance with Engine Coolingand Lubricating Systems項目內容Project 3 Acquaintance with Engine Coolingand Lubricating Systems The cooling system of a water-cooled engine consists of the engine water jacket, thermostat, water pump, radiator, radiator cap, fan, fan drive belt and ne

34、cessary hoses (shown as Figure 3-1).項目內容Project 3 Acquaintance with Engine Coolingand Lubricating Systems The radiator It is constructed to hold a large amount of water in tubes or other passages which provide a large area in contact with the atmosphere (shown as Figure 3-2).項目內容Project 3 Acquaintan

35、ce with Engine Coolingand Lubricating Systems The oil pump, oil filter and together with oil pan, make up the lubricating system of the engine (shown as Figure 3-3).項目內容Project 3 Acquaintance with Engine Coolingand Lubricating Systems項目內容Project 3 Acquaintance with Engine Coolingand Lubricating Syst

36、ems Oil fi lter is placed in the engine oil system to remove dirt and abrasives from the oil （shown asFigure 3-5）.項目內容Project 3 Acquaintance with Engine Coolingand Lubricating Systems項目內容Project 3 Acquaintance with Engine Coolingand Lubricating Systems2.Translate the following words or phrases into

37、Chinese.1) cooling system 2) thermostat 3) radiator cap 4) radiator core 5) lubricating system 6) crankcase ventilation 7) viscosity index improver 8) varnish 9) oil sludge3.Translate the following words or phrases into English.1) 水泵 2) 防凍液 3) 水冷式發(fā)動機 4) 潤滑系 5) 滑潤劑 6) 抗氧劑7) 發(fā)動機沉積物 8) 機油濾清器 9)金屬與金屬接觸拓

38、展材料Practical ReadingCooling - system Problems拓展內容借助專業(yè)詞典，對發(fā)動機冷卻系統(tǒng)故障進行中英文互譯。拓展材料 Engine overheating, loss of coolant and slowly warm-up are the most common problems with cooling systems.Overheating Overheating is noticed by a high temperature-gauge reading. The main causes are loss of coolant and accu

39、mulation of rust and scale in the system. Coolant that is discolored or rusty indicates lack of maintenance. Rust, scale and corrosion that form in the coolant passages will restrict coolant fl ow and particles carried into the radiator tank will clog the tubes. Overheating can sometimes be caused b

40、y a fault in the ignition or fuel systems. Any loss of power due to a retarded spark or a poor fuel mixture could cause a problem, but poor engine performance should be more noticeable than overheating. 拓展材料 Coolant Loss Coolant loss is evident by the need to constantly top up the coolant in the res

41、ervoir. Bad coolant leaks are easy to find, but leaks which occur only under operating pressure are more diffi cult to locate and the system would have to be pressure-tested. External leaks could come from the radiator, water pump, hose connections, or core plugs in the cylinder block or head. Inter

42、nal leaks could be due to a faulty cylinder head gasket, a cylinder head with a warped surface, or enlarged water passages in the cylinder head and water pump due to corrosion. Other less well-known causes of metal loss are cavitations or electrolysis.拓展材料 Slowly Warm-up The likely cause of a slowly

43、 warm-up is that the thermostat is faulty and not closing, or that it has beenremoved. The silicone clutch on a variable-speed fan could be faulty, or an electric fan may not be cutting out whenthe engine is cold. 拓展材料 謝謝觀看！2022/8/27汽車實用英語 “ 十二五” 職業(yè)教育國家規(guī)劃教材 2022/8/27四沖程發(fā)動機構造與工作過程介紹發(fā)動機燃油供給系統(tǒng)認識發(fā)動機冷卻系統(tǒng)

44、和潤滑系統(tǒng)認識汽車底盤構造認識汽車電氣設備和主動安全系統(tǒng)介紹項目一項目二項目三項目四項目五項目六項目七項目八汽車車身電氣設備和被動安全系統(tǒng)介紹車載網(wǎng)絡系統(tǒng)與自動駕駛技術介紹新能源汽車介紹項目九汽車性能參數(shù)及檢測設備介紹項目十汽車故障診斷儀和數(shù)據(jù)流項目十一汽車使用說明書及維修資料項目四 汽車底盤構造認識學習目標學習時間任務描述引導問題項目內容12345拓展材料61.認識汽車底盤中關于傳動系統(tǒng)、行駛系統(tǒng)、轉向系統(tǒng)和制動系統(tǒng)等的英語術語和詞匯；2.理解汽車底盤各系統(tǒng)中零部件及其工作過程的英語固定表達的方法；3.運用所學知識，借助專業(yè)詞典，對關于汽車底盤構造資 料進行中英文互譯；4.在教師指導下，完成

45、與汽車底盤構造及工作過程相關的英語資料閱讀和翻譯；5.正確完成課后練習。學習目標.時間要求:建議 6 學時學習時間以民用汽車為例，學習有關變速器、離合器、差速器、傳動軸、制動器、輪胎和懸架等汽車底盤知識，完成相關術語、詞匯、特殊語句的認識。通過完成該任務，能閱讀關于汽車底盤構造及工作過程的英文文獻，并能運用所學項目知識和翻譯技巧，翻譯相關文獻。 任務描述引導問題你知道下圖中英文的意思嗎？項目內容Project 4 Acquaintance with AutomotiveChassis Construction項目內容Project 4 Acquaintance with AutomotiveC

46、hassis Construction項目內容Project 4 Acquaintance with AutomotiveChassis Construction項目內容Project 4 Acquaintance with AutomotiveChassis Construction A motor vehicle consists of a number of sections which, for convenience, can be considered as follows: the engine assembly, the frame or chassis, the power

47、train, the running gear, the electrical system and the body (shown as Figure 4-1).項目內容Project 4 Acquaintance with AutomotiveChassis Construction The shafts that carry the gears are: the input shaft, the countershaft (or cluster), the main shaft (or output shaft) and the reverse idler shaft (shown as

48、 Figure 4-2).項目內容Project 4 Acquaintance with AutomotiveChassis Construction The clutch allows you to connect and disconnect the engine and the transmission (shown as Figure 4-3) .項目內容Project 4 Acquaintance with AutomotiveChassis Construction The typical automatic transmission combines a fl uid torqu

49、e converter, a planetary gear system, and a hydraulic control system in a ingle unit (shown as Figure 4-4).項目內容Project 4 Acquaintance with AutomotiveChassis Construction The drive shaft connects the transmission output shaft to the differential pinion shaft (shown as Figure 4-5).項目內容Project 4 Acquai

50、ntance with AutomotiveChassis Construction A typical differential carrier assembly includes the final-drive gears (the crown wheel and pinion), the differential case and the differential gears.項目內容Project 4 Acquaintance with AutomotiveChassis Construction The key components that make up the steering

51、 system are the steering wheel, steering column, steering shaft, steering gear, drag link, steering knuckle arm and tie-rod assembly (shown as Figure 4-7 and Figure 4-8).項目內容Project 4 Acquaintance with AutomotiveChassis Construction項目內容Project 4 Acquaintance with AutomotiveChassis Construction The b

52、raking system includes the service (foot) brakes system for use when the vehicle is being driven, and a parking brake system, usually hand operated, which is applied when the vehicle is parked (shown as Figure 4-9).項目內容Project 4 Acquaintance with AutomotiveChassis Construction Drum brakes use an int

53、ernal expanding brake shoe with the lining attached, working within the confi nes of a rotating brake surface called a brake drum.項目內容Project 4 Acquaintance with AutomotiveChassis Construction Disc brakes employ a brake disc that rotates with the wheel. The brake disc is usually referred to as a bra

54、ke rotor (shown as Figure 4-11).項目內容Project 4 Acquaintance with AutomotiveChassis Construction項目內容Project 4 Acquaintance with AutomotiveChassis Construction Tires (shown as Figure 4-13) and wheels are important to vehicle ride, handling, and fuel economy項目內容Project 4 Acquaintance with AutomotiveChas

55、sis Construction The suspension components include the springs, axle, shock absorbers, arms and rods.項目內容Project 4 Acquaintance with AutomotiveChassis Construction項目內容Project 4 Acquaintance with AutomotiveChassis Construction2.Translate the following words or phrases into Chinese.1）steering shaft 2）

56、automatic transmission 3）chassis 4）universal joint 5）steering system 6）braking system7）service brake system 8）parking brake system3.Translate the following words or phrases into English.1）傳動系統(tǒng) 2）手動變速器 3）差速器 4）后輪驅動 5）轉向盤 6）鋼板彈簧7）制動蹄 8）懸架系統(tǒng) 9）制動踏板拓展材料Practical ReadingThe Introduction to the Electronic

57、ally Controlled Air Suspension拓展內容借助專業(yè)詞典，對電控空氣懸架進行中英文互譯。拓展材料 The electronically-controlled air suspension (ECAS) system allows different ride heights to be either manually or automatically selected. By changing the volume of air in each of the air springs, the system maintains ride height and qualit

58、y regardless of load. System components are as follows:ASU-Air Supply Unit The ASU supplies clean dry air and distributes it to the air springs, which includes the following major parts. A compressor for supply of compressed air to the air springs. The compressor assembly includes a solenoid exhaust

59、 valve to enable air released from the springs to be discharged to atmosphere. An electronic control unit is for control of the ECAS system. A dryer/filter to ensure that the air supplied to the springs is clean and dry. Electrical solenoid valves for distribution of air to and from the springs, and

60、 to and from an air reservoir (if fitted).拓展材料Height Sensors Height sensors are mounted between the chassis and the axle. These provide a voltage signal to the ECU that varies as the distance between the chassis and the axle varies, e.g. as happens when the vehicle is being loaded or unloaded. More