1、第三單元第五課：英語經(jīng)貿(mào)資料漢譯The Business of America Is Business (Except)lPresident Coolidge s statement, “The business of America is business. ” still points to an important truth today一that business institutions have more prestige in American society than any other kind of organization, including the governmen

2、t. Why do business institutions possess this great prestige?商業(yè)是美國人的頭等大事1美國歷史上有一位名叫柯立芝的總統(tǒng)曾經(jīng)說過，“商業(yè)是美國人的頭等大事?！苯?天，這句話仍然可以解釋美國社會的一個重要事實：商業(yè)機構(gòu)比任何其他組織都更有威望, 包括政府在內(nèi)。為什么商業(yè)機構(gòu)的威望會這么高呢？2One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the ideal of competition than other institutions in s

3、ociety. Since competition is seen as the major source of progress and prosperity by most Americans, competitive business institutions are naturally respected. Competition is not only good in itself, it is the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom, equality of opportun

4、ity, and hard work are protected.2其中一個原因就是美國人認為，與其他社會機構(gòu)相比，商業(yè)機構(gòu)更牢固地建立在競 爭的理念之上。由于大多數(shù)美國人都把競爭視為進步與繁榮的主要源泉，具有競爭性的商業(yè) 機構(gòu)也就理所當然地受到他們的尊重。競爭不僅自身具有很多優(yōu)點，而且也是保障美國人其 他基本價值觀念得以實現(xiàn)的手段，比方個人自由、機會均等以及努力奮斗等。3Competition protects the freedom of the individual by ensuring that there is no monopoly of power. In contrast t

5、o one, all-powerful government, many businesses compete against each other for profits. Theoretically, if one business tries to take unfair advantage of its customers, it will lose to competing business which treats its customers more fairly. Where many businesses compete for the customers dollar, t

6、hey cannot afford to treat them like inferiors or slaves.3競爭可以確保沒有權(quán)力壟斷，從而保障個人的自由。與獨此一家且擁有最高權(quán)力的 政府不同，許多商業(yè)組織為獲取利潤而相互競爭。從理論上講，如果一個商業(yè)機構(gòu)企圖以不 正當?shù)氖侄纹垓_顧客，它在與公正對待顧客的商業(yè)機構(gòu)競爭時就會遭到失敗。在許多商業(yè)機 構(gòu)為賺到顧客手中的錢而相互競爭的情況下，他們不能像對待下人或奴隸一樣對待顧客，因 為那樣會給他們帶來無法承受的損失。4A contrast is often made between business, which is competitive,

7、 and government, which is a monopoly. Because business is competitive, many Americans believe that it is more supportive of freedom than government, even though government leaders are elected by the people and business leaders are not. Many Americans believe, then, that competition is as important,

8、or even more important, than democracy in preserving freedom.4商業(yè)機構(gòu)是具有競爭性的組織，而政府那么是壟斷性組織,二者經(jīng)常被拿來進行比照。 正因為商業(yè)機構(gòu)具有競爭性，許多美國人相信它們比政府更贊同自由，盡管政府的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人是 人民選舉出來的，而商業(yè)組織的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人那么不是。許多美國人認為，在保護自由方面競爭與民 主同樣重要，甚至比民主還重要。5Competition in business is also believed to strengthen the idea of equality of opportunity. Competit

9、ion is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest person regardless of his or her social class background. Competitive success is commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank based on family background. Business is therefore viewed as an expression of the idea of eq

10、uality of opportunity rather than the aristocratic idea of inherited privilege.5人們還相信，商業(yè)競爭能夠強化機會均等的思想。競爭被看作一種公開、公平的競 賽，在這種競賽中，成功屬于那些最機敏的人，不管他們的社會背景如何。在美國人眼里, 通過競爭而獲得成功通?？梢匀〈⒃诩彝ケ尘爸系纳鐣匚?。因此，人們認為商業(yè)所 表達的是機會均等的思想，而不是那種繼承特權(quán)的貴族觀念。6 “The business of America is business. ” The same statement also came fro

11、m the famous U. S. inventor and car manufacturer, Henry Ford. What he meant is that the U. S. way of life is based on the values of the business world. Few would argue with Ford s statement. A brief glimpse at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business.

12、6“商業(yè)是美國人的頭等大事?！边@句話也曾出自美國著名創(chuàng)造家兼汽車制造商亨利福 特之口。他的意思是說，美國人的生活方式是建立在商業(yè)界的價值觀念之上的。很少會有人 對福特的觀點提出異議?？焖贋g覽一份美國的日報，你就會清楚地看到美國人對商務(wù)有多么 關(guān)注。For example, nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and management, stock prices and labor problems of corporations are report

13、ed daily. In addition, business news can appear in every other section. Most national news has an important financial aspect to it.例如，幾乎每一種報紙都有個商務(wù)專欄，每天在報道交易和工程、金融和管理、股市行 情以及大公司勞資問題。此外，商業(yè)信息還會出現(xiàn)在其他任何一種專欄中。大多數(shù)國內(nèi)新聞 都與金融信息有關(guān)聯(lián)。Welfare, foreign aid, the federal budget, and the policies of the Federal Reser

14、ve Bank are all heavily affected by business. Moreover, business news appears in some of the unlikeliest places. The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as “the entertainment industryv or “show business” .社會福利、對外援助、聯(lián)邦預(yù)算以及聯(lián)邦儲藏銀行的政策問題都深受商業(yè)活動的影響。 而且，商業(yè)信息還會出現(xiàn)在最不可能出現(xiàn)的地方，就連文藝和娛樂界也常被稱作“娛樂業(yè)

15、” 或“演藝業(yè)”。第六課：漢語經(jīng)貿(mào)資料英譯如何克服當前出口低迷的局面1近年來，中國出口廠商受到了亞洲金融危機的沖擊。該地區(qū)許多國家的經(jīng)濟不景氣 引起消費市場萎縮，貨幣疲軟使購買力下降。有的國家政局不定、經(jīng)濟不穩(wěn)，貿(mào)易保護主義 升級，外交摩擦抬頭。這些使得對該地區(qū)的出口十分困難。我們必須采取有效措施來對付這 種局面。How to Beat the Export Slump1 In recent years, Chinese exporters have seen their efforts undercut by the spreading financial crisis in Asia. T

16、he lifeless economies of many countries in the region have caused their consumer markets to shrink. Their teetering currency rates have caused their purchasing power to be weakened. In some cases political instability, changing economic circumstances, mounting protectionist barriers or diplomatic ro

17、ws have made it difficult for us to export to those countries. We must find ways to beat the export slump.2我們要大力推進外貿(mào)體制改革，走集團化的道路，組建以外貿(mào)為龍頭的工貿(mào)、農(nóng)貿(mào)、 技貿(mào)相結(jié)合的企業(yè)集團，以增強企業(yè)的競爭力。老的大中型國有企業(yè)必須進行技術(shù)改造以增 強活力，對有條件的大中型企業(yè)應(yīng)授予其進出口經(jīng)營權(quán)。工業(yè)企業(yè)自營出口，這是我國外貿(mào) 體制改革的一個重大步驟。2We must press forward with the reform in the management syst

18、em of foreign trade. Conglomeration一forming allies of farming, manufacturing, or scientific research with foreign trade as the locomotive一points the way ahead to strengthened competitiveness. Outmoded state enterprises, large and medium-sized, should be revamped to become more viable. Those enterpri

19、ses better positioned should be granted the license to move into exporting field. The orientation of industry towards the export market is a major step in the reform of China s foreign trade regime.3必須優(yōu)化傳統(tǒng)的出口商品結(jié)構(gòu)，靠價格和數(shù)量競爭的時代已一去不復(fù)返了。在當今 激烈競爭的世界上，只有以質(zhì)取勝和改善售前售后服務(wù)才能行得通。要通過精加工和深加工 提高出口商品的附加值;要努力生產(chǎn)適銷對路的名特

20、優(yōu)新產(chǎn)品和“拳頭”產(chǎn)品打入國際市場。 由于市場形勢千變?nèi)f化，出口產(chǎn)品必須不斷地更新?lián)Q代，做到你無我有，你有我優(yōu)，勝人一 籌。3The traditional pattern of export products needs to be optimized. Gone are the days when merchandise geared to price competition on mass market had its way. Now, in the highly competitive world the concepts of ,fine quality or else no ex

21、portn and “good service before and after sales” should be the order of the day. Methods of fine or intricate processing should be used to increase the added value on export commodities. And efforts must be made to turn out premium and novel products or the so-called “hard-punch” items that can edge

22、into foreign markets. With the market changing so quickly, export companies should keep moving up-market一go where others cannot go or do whatever they have a competitive edge over their rivals.4要全方位地開拓國際市場，市場多元化是立于不敗之地的關(guān)鍵。俗話說：“不能在 一棵樹上吊死?！痹谶x擇新辟市場時要權(quán)衡其風險與機會，并且要反響迅速；要隨時跟蹤市 場變化情況，以便選擇有利時機和地點抓緊出口。只有那些富有

23、活力、洞察力和應(yīng)變力的企 業(yè)才能在市場景氣時大顯身手，而在市場蕭條時也能站穩(wěn)腳根。當某些市場疲軟時，總還有 另一些市場堅挺，所以能夠做到“東方不亮西方亮”。4 It is important to tap the market potential extensively around the world. And geographical diversification is the key to survive the unsteady world market. It is no good to “put all our eggs in one basket，as the saying g

24、oes. The selection of new markets should be done by evaluating both their risks and opportunities 一simultaneously and quickly. Monitor all markets constantly so that we can export to the right countries or regions and at the right time. Only a dynamic, forward-looking and viable export company is ca

25、pable of weathering over the bad times and making a good killing in good times. When some markets slump, there are always other markets remaining buoyant. Therefore, we can gain on the swings what was lost on the roundabouts.5出口商品必須有一流的品質(zhì)、款式、包裝和裝潢，但行之有效的廣告宣傳和促銷活 動也很重要，尤其要提高用外語針對國外市場進行宣傳的能力。赴國外參展，派人員

26、出國推 銷，在國外建立生產(chǎn)或銷售點等等，一定要講求實效。最后，引進國外的技術(shù)和資金以提高 我國出口商品的質(zhì)量和勞動生產(chǎn)率，通過加強管理降低本錢，通過加強培訓以提高人員的素 質(zhì)，等等，都是不可忽視的方面。通過落實各項優(yōu)惠政策，搞好基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，完善配套服 務(wù)，掀起一個吸引外資的新高潮。5Our export products must have first class quality, design, styling and presentation. But effective publicity, advertising and promotion are also essential. Development of expertise in advertising i