1、2020代 詞課前梳理代詞 (代替名詞的詞) 的分類代 詞關(guān)系代詞疑問代詞不定代詞相互代詞人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞指示代詞1：定義：人稱代詞是用來指代人、動(dòng)物或事物的代詞。它必須在人稱 (第一人稱、第二人稱、及第三人稱) 、數(shù) (單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)) 以及性 (陰性、陽性、中性) 三方面與被指代的名詞一致。 人稱代詞人稱代詞 人稱分類 第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) 主 格 Iweyouyouhesheitthey賓 格用法口訣： 人稱代詞分兩格，主格賓格來分說； 主格定把主語作，賓格作賓不會(huì)錯(cuò)。 人稱代詞主格：作主語，表示誰怎么樣了、干什么了。_ 我是一名學(xué)生。_ 他是一

2、名學(xué)生。_ 我們是學(xué)生。 人稱代詞賓格作賓語，表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。_ 我的爸媽非常喜歡我。_ 他給我一本書。人稱代詞的用法單數(shù)人稱 2，3, 1 復(fù)數(shù)人稱 1，2，3 表示犯錯(cuò) 1 在前_,_ and _ are good friends._,_, and _should return on time._and _made her angry. 人稱代詞的排序練習(xí)() 1. Miss Li invited _ have dinner with her . A. me and you B. you and I C. you and me D. I and you() 2. Who taught _

3、English last term? A. them B. their C. they D.theirs() 3. Last Sunday _had a picnic in Beihai Park.A. John, Mary and me B. John, I and Mary C. John, Mary and ID. I, John and Mary人稱代詞 it 的特殊用法一. 除了可以指人指物之外,還可以表示“時(shí)間、天氣、溫度、距離、情況”等含義。 Whats the weather like today?(今天天氣怎樣？) Its fine.(天氣晴好) Whats the time

4、? -Its 12：00.( 幾點(diǎn)啦？ 12點(diǎn)) Its a long way to go. (那可要走好長的路) It took him three days to clean his house. (打掃屋子花了他三天的時(shí)間) It is very easy to learn English. We found it very difficult to learn a foreign language well. (我們發(fā)覺要學(xué)好一門外語是非常困難的) 人稱代詞 it 的特殊用法二. it 可指不知性別的嬰兒或不確指性別的人. Who is the person over there? I

5、t is the headmaster.人稱代詞 it 固定句型1. 做某事情對(duì)某人來說是It is + adj. (+for sb.) +to do sth. 對(duì)Tom來說學(xué)習(xí)英語是非常簡單的。2. 輪到某人做Its ones turn to do sth. 輪到你回答問題了。3. 是 (某人) 做某事的時(shí)候了Its time (for sb.) to do sth. 是放學(xué)的時(shí)間了。4. 據(jù)說 Its said that 據(jù)說，茶葉是被神農(nóng)發(fā)現(xiàn)的。5. 某人花費(fèi)做某事 It takes sb. some time to do sth.6. 自從以來，已經(jīng)有 (時(shí)間) 了。 It is /

6、has been + 時(shí)段 + since + 從句 (過去時(shí)) 7. 某人發(fā)現(xiàn)/認(rèn)為/感覺到做某事是的 find sb. think feel+ it + adj. to do () 1. I found _ very difficult to make progress in my study . A. itsB. it C. that() 2. It _ my father a whole month to go on business . A. spent B. cost C. took() 3. It is great fun _ surfing on the Internet .

7、A. go B. to go C. going A) 用下列詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. _ is my aunt. We often visit _. ( she ) 2. China is a developing country. _ is in the east of Asia. ( it ) 3. These new houses are so nice. _ are very expensive. ( them ) 4. Ling Ling is a girl._ studies in a primary school.5. Mike is my classmate. _ is good

8、 at English. ( he) 6. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to _? ( she ) 7. Whats the weather like today ? _ is cloudy. ( it) 隨堂測試SheherItTheySheHeherIt代詞 (代替名詞的詞) 的分類代 詞關(guān)系代詞疑問代詞不定代詞相互代詞人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞指示代詞1. 定義：物主代詞是表示所有關(guān)系的代詞，用來說明某物屬于某人或與某人有關(guān)。 物主代詞 人稱分類 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形容詞性 myour

9、youryourhisheritstheir名詞性 用法口訣：物主代詞兩類型，形容詞性、名詞性。形容詞性作定語，后面定把名詞用。名詞性、獨(dú)立用，主賓表語它都充。 (1) 形容詞性物主代詞只可做定語。形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞性的作用，在句中只能做定語。 (即：形容詞性物主代詞后一定要跟上一個(gè)名詞) _我喜歡她的電腦。 _我不喜歡他的那本書。 (2) 名詞性物主代詞可作主語。 _我們的手機(jī)在這兒，他們的在那兒。 _我的鋼筆和她的一點(diǎn)都不一樣。 (3) 名詞性物主代詞可作表語。 _那個(gè)房子是你的嗎？ _是的，它是我的。 (4) 名詞性物主代詞可作賓語。 _請(qǐng)先打掃他們的房間，再打掃我們的。物主代詞的

10、用法 一、用括號(hào)中的適當(dāng)形式填空 (1) Are these _ (you) pencils? Yes, they are _ (our) . (2) Whose is this pencil?Its _ (I) . (3) I love _ (they) very much. (4) She is_ (I) classmate. (5) Miss Li often looks after_ (she) brother. (6) Are these _ (they) bags ？ No, they arent _ (their) . They are _ (we) . 隨堂測試yourours

11、themmyhertheirSheShemine二、根據(jù)句意用適當(dāng)?shù)娜朔Q代詞、物主代詞填空：1. Mary works in a book store. _ likes _work very much.2. John and I are in the same school. _ go to school together.3. Her sister makes all _ own dresses.4. I have many friends. Some of_are good at English.5. May I use _ bike? _is broken. 隨堂測試SheherWehe

12、rthemyourMine() 1. She is a friend of _. A. my B. mine C. I() 2. This isnt my pen ,it is _. A. her B. his C. him() 3. Frank cant find _ dictionary . Can you lend _ to _? A. her, mine, her B. / , yours, he C. his , yours , him() 4. _ school is much bigger than _. A. Our, their B. Ours, theirs C. Our,

13、 theirs D.Ours, theirs() 5. The dog is so poor because leg is badly hurt . A. it B. its C. its() 6. Lets clean their room first and later. A. ours B. us C. we D. I代詞 (代替名詞的詞) 的分類代 詞關(guān)系代詞疑問代詞不定代詞相互代詞人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞指示代詞反身代詞 人稱分類第一人稱第二人稱 第三人稱單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 反身代詞：表示我自己，你自己.等的詞。反身代詞的用法 作賓語，表示句子的主語和賓語為同一個(gè)人或物： He hurt h

14、imself yesterday. 作同位語：一般有兩個(gè)位置：放在所涉及的名詞、代詞之后或者放在句末： Tom himself did not know anything about it.Tom did not know anything about it himself.注意：英語的反身代詞不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)句子的主語： (誤) He asked people to do what himself did not want to do. (正) He asked people to do what he himself did not want to do.反身代詞常見固定搭配隨便吃/喝 hel

15、p oneself (to)玩得愉快 enjoy oneself自己穿衣服 dress oneself自言自語 say to oneself傷害自己 hurt oneself自學(xué) teach/learn oneself沉迷于/陶醉 lose oneself in單獨(dú)地，獨(dú)自地 by oneself照顧自己 look after oneself為自己 for oneself() 1. The man is rich , he can buy_a lot of things . A. he B. his C. himself D.herself() 2. - What a lovely card

16、! Where did you buy it? - I made it by _. A. me B. myselfC. itself D.themself() 3. “Help _ to some chicken ,”my mother said to the guest. A. yourself B. yourselves D. themselves C. your () 1. Those girls enjoyed _ in the party last night. A. them B. they C. themselves D. herself () 2. Help _ to some

17、 fish, children. A. yourself B. your C. yours D. Yourselves () 3. The film _ is very fun. A. its B. itself C. it D. its () 4. Who teaches _ math? I teach _. A. your, myself B. you, myself C. you, me D. you, herself () 5. The father will make _ a bike _. A. her, himself B. she, himself C. her, hersel

18、f D. she, herself 隨堂測試 () 6. The scarf is _, she made it_. A. herself, her B. herself, hers C. hers, herself D. her, herself () 7. Liu Hulans death was great. She thought more of others than _. A. her B. she C. hers D. herself () 8. Luckily, he didnt hurt _ terribly yesterday. A. him B. themselves C

19、. himself D. they () 9. I cant mend my shoe _. Can you mend it for _? A. myself, me B. myself, I C. me, I D. I, me 隨堂測試代詞 (代替名詞的詞) 的分類代 詞關(guān)系代詞疑問代詞不定代詞相互代詞人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞指示代詞指示代詞是用來指示或標(biāo)識(shí)人或事物的代詞。近指遠(yuǎn)指單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 1) this 和these 一般用來指 在時(shí)間或空間上較近的事物或人， that 和those 則 指時(shí)間和空間上較遠(yuǎn)的事物或人， This is a pen and that is a pencil

20、 We are busy these days In those days the workers had a hard time.this 這個(gè)that 那個(gè)these 這些those 那些1.This /these 指下文要提到的事物Please remember this：youre the best student in the eyes of teachers.What I want to say is this: pronunciation is very important in learning English2.That /those 指上文提到過的事物My mom wont

21、 give me any money, thats a big problem.I had a cold. Thats why I didnt come.Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai 指示代詞4.電話用語，this介紹自己，that 詢問對(duì)方-Hello，this is Anna.Whos that？ -Hi, this is Allen speaking.-Is that Jack speaking? 指示代詞6.口語中，this用語介紹他人 -This is my Eng

22、lish teacher，Alex. -Nice to meet you.3.有時(shí)為了避免重復(fù)提到的名詞，?？捎胻hat或those代替Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai7. 當(dāng)所指代的人物已確定， 再次提及時(shí)則用相應(yīng)的人稱代詞-Are those your teachers?-Yes,they are./No,they arent.-Is this your pen?-No, it isnt.指示代詞() 1. The population of Shanghai is larg

23、er than _ of Jinan. A. that B. this C. it() 2. The radios made in Beijing are as good as _ made in Qingdao. A. that B. these C. those() 3. What I want to tell you is _the film will be at eight. A. it B. this C. thatone，that 和it的區(qū)別 one 表示泛指， that 和 it 表示特指。that與所指名詞為同類，但不是同一個(gè)， 而it 與所指名詞為同一個(gè)。it 做形式賓語

24、I cant find my hat. I think I must buy one. (不定) 我找不到我的帽子了。我想我該去買一頂。 The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought. (同類但不同個(gè)) 你買的那頂帽子比我買的大。 I cant find my hat. I don t know where I put it. ( 同一物) 我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了。 1. 翻譯下列詞組.這個(gè)男孩_. . 那位老師_.這些貓_. . 那些獅子_.這只山羊_ . 那支藍(lán)鋼筆_.二.將下列句子譯成英語.那些鉛筆是李明的_.這紅衣服是

25、你妹妹的嗎？_?.這是個(gè)好老師？_? 隨堂測試代詞 (代替名詞的詞) 的分類代 詞關(guān)系代詞疑問代詞不定代詞相互代詞人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞指示代詞 疑問代詞疑問代詞詞義例句who“誰”Who wants to go with me?whomwho 的賓格形式，“誰”To whom are you talking?whosewho 的所有格，“誰的”Whose book is this? whatwhat “什么”Whats your father? -He is a worker. whichWhich “哪一個(gè)”，指在一定范圍內(nèi)特指的人或物Which one do you like best

26、?1. Can you tell me_book it is?2. _is your father? He is a teacher.3. _is the man in the car? Hes my brother.4._do you like better, spring or winter?5. _ is the population of the world today?6. _ jumped the longest of all in the long jump?7. - _ colour is your mothers dress? -Its black.8. -_ is your

27、 car? -The red one in front of the tree.9. -_ of the following can you often find on a medicine bottle? -I know, sir. Its instruction. 隨堂測試whoseWhatWhoWhichWhatWhoWhatWhichWhat代詞 (代替名詞的詞) 的分類代 詞關(guān)系代詞疑問代詞不定代詞相互代詞人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞指示代詞1. 關(guān)系代詞用來引導(dǎo)定語從句。 它代表先行詞，同時(shí)在從句中作一定的句子成分，The girl to whom I spoke is my cous

28、in.跟我講話的姑娘是我表妹。(該句中whom既代表先行詞the girl，又在從句中作介詞to的賓語。)The girl whom I spoke to is my cousin. 關(guān)系代詞2. 關(guān)系代詞有主格，賓格和屬格之分，并有指人與指物之分。 在限定性定語從句中，that 可指人也可指物， 關(guān)系代詞限定性非限定性限定性指人指物指人或指物主 格whowhichthat賓 格whomthatthat屬 格whoseof which/whoseof which/whose代詞 (代替名詞的詞) 的分類代 詞關(guān)系代詞疑問代詞不定代詞相互代詞人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞指示代詞 不定代詞沒有明確指定

29、代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的詞叫不定代詞。不定代詞分為_和 _.普通不定代詞復(fù)合不定代詞相同點(diǎn)均可修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，表示“一些”不同點(diǎn)some一般用于肯定句中，也可用于疑問句，表示提出建議或邀請(qǐng)，或希望得到肯定回答any一般用于否定句和疑問句，用于肯定句時(shí)表示“任何”普通不定代詞1. some & anyWould you like _ coffee?some2. few / a few & little / a little 老師，我還是分不清楚 few 和 little 的區(qū)別。有沒有什么辦法讓我記住它們呢？few 用一個(gè)手的手指能數(shù)過來，修飾可數(shù)；little 用一個(gè)手的手指數(shù)

30、不過來，修飾不可數(shù)。2. few / a few & little / a little 可數(shù)few不可數(shù)little那 a few 和 few 如何區(qū)分呢？我總搞不清楚哪個(gè)“有一點(diǎn)”，哪個(gè)“幾乎沒有”那請(qǐng)你觀察一下它們有什么最明顯的不同？a few 有“a”；few 沒有“a”。所以，a few“有啊”；few“沒有啊” 。2. few / a few & little / a little 1. In this way they can make the trip with just _money.2. There were _ eggs in the fridge, you should

31、 buy some.3. Theres _ time left.Hurry up! 不定代詞含義數(shù)量關(guān)系作定語時(shí)名詞的數(shù)作主語時(shí)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)固定用法both兩者都=2復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)both A and Bboth of either兩者中的任何一個(gè)=2單數(shù)單數(shù)either. or.(就近原則)neither兩者都不=2單數(shù)單數(shù)neither.nor.(就近原則)all三者或三者以上都3單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)all+名詞復(fù)數(shù)all of the.none三者或三者以上都不3單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)none of.each每一個(gè)2單數(shù)單數(shù)each+名詞each of.every每一個(gè)3單數(shù)單數(shù)either neither

32、both() 1. Either Tom or the twins _ the way to the shop. A. know B. knows C. finds() 2. Neither you nor I _ a scientist. A. is B. are C. am() 3. Both Tom and Mary _ hard. A. studies B. study C. studyingeither or 或者或者;要么.要么就近原則neither nor 兩者都不both and 兩者都復(fù)數(shù)謂語4. every 和 eacheach (常與of連用) every (不直接與of

33、連用) 兩者或以上的每一個(gè)人或物 三者或以上每一個(gè)人或物each 和 “every+名詞” 作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式every other 每隔Eg: every other day 每隔一天 = every two daysEach boy havs a dictionary. 每個(gè)孩子都有字典。Every boy havs a dictionary 所有孩子都有字典。 () 1. I gave them _ an apple. A. every B. each C. each of() 2. There is a line of trees on _ side of the stre

34、et. A. every B. each C. both() 3. She goes shopping _ five days. A. every B. each C. each of() 4. 他隔天來這里。 He came here _ day.every othernone no onenoneno one沒有什么人 / 物“沒有人” 只能指人回答 how many 問句回答 who 問句none of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 / them 謂語用單數(shù)() 1. How many people are there in the room? _. A. None B. No one C. Lucy(

35、) 2. Who is in the room? _. A. None B. No one C. one() 3. _ of them knew about the plan because it was secret. A. SomeB. AnyC. No one D. None5. other, the other, others, the others, another5. other, the other, others, the others, another不定代詞意義用法說明other泛指別的; 其他的后可+名詞，也可不加the other兩者中的另一個(gè)后可以有名詞，常與one連

36、用，構(gòu)成 one.the other. others泛指別的人或物是 other 的復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指別的人或物 (但不是全部) ，相當(dāng)于名詞，后不可接 名詞，構(gòu)成 some.others. 結(jié)構(gòu)the others特指其余所有的人或物是the others的復(fù)數(shù)形式,相當(dāng)于名詞。特指其余所有的人或物another任何一個(gè)，另一個(gè)指三者或三者以上中的任何一個(gè)，用作形容詞或代詞; 同種類的另一個(gè)5. other, the other, others, the others, anotheranother特殊用法：another+基數(shù)詞+可數(shù)名詞=基數(shù)詞+more+可數(shù)名詞 I need anothe

37、r five apples.= I need five more apples. 1. He has two brothers.One is a doctor，_is a teacher,2. I dont like this one. Show me _.3. -Which of the two T-shirts would you like to choose? -Both.Then I can give one to my brother and leave _ to myself. A. another B. the other C. other 4. Tom and Mary hav

38、e arrived, but _ in your class arent here yet. A. the others B. others C. the other 5. One of the sides of the road should be painted yellow, and_ white. A. the other Banother C. others 6. This pair of trousers is too short. Would you please show me _ one.A. other B. others C. another() 4. I have tw

39、o brothers. _is a doctor, _ is a soldier.A. One, the otherB. One, otherC. The one, the other() 5. Some people hope to be more successful while _ simply want to feel more comfortable A. the othersB. othersC. the otherD. another() 6. - Is this your sock ? - Yes, it is . Where is_? A. another B. the ot

40、her one C. others D.one() 7. She promised her parents to write_-while she was away. A. other dayB. other daysC. every other dayD. any other day() 1. There isnt _ fish in the fridge，we need to buy _ for supper. Mom,wait for me.Ill go with you together A.some,some B. some,any C. any,some () 2. As we k

41、now，Mango TV has made many TV plays by themselves. _ of them is popular with youth. A.Each B. Every C. Everyone () 3. Although all the girls have tried their best , only _ pass the exam. A. few B. a few C. a little() 4. Dont worry .There is _ time left . A. little B. a little C. few 隨堂測試() 5. You ar

42、e so great! _ people in the school can do it . A. A little B. Little C. Few() 7. Either Tom or the twins _ the way to the shop. A. know B. knows C. finds() 8. Neither you nor I _ a scientist. A. is B. are C. am() 9. Both Tom and Mary _ hard. A. studies B. study C. studying() 10. The students are all

43、 from Foshan . They _ like their city . A. both B. all C. either 隨堂測試() 11. Lucy and Lily _ agree with us. A. all B. both C. neither() 12. How are your parents ? They are _ fine. A. both B. all C. no() 14. Tom and Mary have arrived, but _ in your class arent here yet. A. the othersB. others C. the o

44、ther () 15. One of the sides of the road should be painted yellow, and_ white. A. the otherBanotherC. others () 16. This pair of trousers is too short. Would you please show me _ one.A. otherB. others C. another 隨堂測試復(fù)合不定代詞 body 代人thing 代物one 代人everysomeanyno【敲黑板兒】:1. 復(fù)合不定代詞做主語的時(shí)候，謂語動(dòng)詞用_.2. 當(dāng)形容詞或else

45、 修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)，形容詞或else必須放在復(fù)合不定 代詞之后,也就是_.3. 復(fù)合不定代詞不能和 of 連用。【敲黑板兒】1. everyone = everybody, anyone = anybody, 只指人，不能與of短語連用； every one, any one可指人也可指物，一定要與of連用才可以。 Is anybody here? 有人嗎？ You can take any one of these. 你可以隨便拿一個(gè)。 2. no one 和 none 的用法 no one 只能指人，none 既可指人，也可指物. There is _ in the room.注意：“

46、none of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，在句中作主語時(shí)，后面動(dòng)詞用單復(fù)數(shù)均可。 None of us is a student. =None of us are students.【敲黑板兒】3. no one 、 none、nothing 的用法 how many 提問用 none回答 what 提問用 nothing來回答 who 提問用 no one/nobody回答 1. -What is in the classroom? -_. 2. -How many fish did you catch? -_. 3. -Who is in the classroom? -_.() 1. Do you have _ to do this evening? A. important something B. anything important C. something important () 2. _ is watching TV . Lets turn it off . A . Somebody B. Anybody