1、The History, Current Status, and Future Prospects of Barefoot Doctors in ChinaChina Rural Health AssociationDr. Wang Shucheng Author synopsis Education experience: March 1978 - In 1982, student of Bethune Medical University in Changchun City of clinical study 1988 - 1990 San Diego State University o

2、f United States Work experience: In 1983 - 1999 Head of PHC Division in Ministry of Health 2000 present China Deputy Director of Rural Health Association The definition of barefoot doctors The main contents of the reportFormation and Development of Barefoot Doctors in ChinaCurrent SituationThe Futur

3、e of Village Doctors in ChinaCase studyExperience Formation and Development of Barefoot Doctors in China Formation and Development of Barefoot Doctors in China First stage1949 to 1965 Formation and Development of Barefoot Doctors in China First stage1949 to 1965Second stage1966 to 1978 Formation and

4、 Development of Barefoot Doctors in China First stage1949 to 1965Second stage1966 to 1978Third stage1978 to present Current Situation Current SituationVillage Doctors and Clinics in ChinaTable1: Number of Village Clinics and Their Health Workers19851990199520002005(1) Number of Villages 940617 74327

5、8 740150 734715 652718 (2) Villages with Clinic625992 646529 655105 652923 583209 % (2)/(1)66.687.088.5 89.883.7Number of Village Clinics777674803956 804352709458 583209 Set-up by villages 305537 266137297462300846 313633 Joint-venture8803 87149 9068189828 38561 Branch of Township Health Center 2976

6、9 29963 36388 4710132396 Private323904 381844354981 255179 180403 Others 29661 38863 24840 16486 18216 Licensed Assistant Doctors103863 Village Doctors& Assistants1293094 1231510 13310171319359 916532 of which：Village Doctors643022 776859 955933 1019845 864168 Village Doctors& Assistants Per village

7、 1.801.641.811.811.40Village Doctors& Assistants Per 1000 Rural Population 1.551.381.481.441.05Note: （1）Number of Villages means number of villager committees. （2）2005 agriculture population is estimated.Table 2: No. of Village Clinics and Their Health Workers by Region in 2006 Region No. of Village

8、 No. of Village Clinics % of Villages with Clinic Village Doctors & Assistants Total 624680 609128 88.1957479East 238577 211297 79.5328778Middle 202488 212235 92.9349354 West 183615 185596 94.0279347 Beijing 3957 2762 69.84019 Tianjing3825 2380 62.25178Heibei4911552907 100.073038 Shanxi 28172 22123

9、78.546318 Inner Mongolia1121913066100.017731Liaoning1176821345100.025854Jilin9211 859493.313188Heilongjiang 905512548 100.022482 Table 2: No. of Village Clinics and Their Health Workers by Region in 2006 Region No. of Village No. of Village Clinics % of Villages with Clinic Village Doctors & Assista

10、nts Shanghai 1862 1642 88.21919Jiangsu 17303 1265673.136720Zhejiang329311643849.915561Anhui2001922372100.046271Fujian 14485 17470100.029452Jiangxi 17571 22089100.0 35280Shandong 8128356779 69.9 101813Henan 4836261336 100.0 104788Hubei 2582824226 93.8 41200Hunan44270 38227 86.339827 Guangdong 1950524

11、810 100.0 32753Guangxi 1436322367100.035407 Table 2: No. of Village Clinics and Their Health Workers by Region in 2006 Region No. of Village No. of Village Clinics % of Villages with Clinic Village Doctors & Assistants Hainan2543 210882.9 2471Chongqing 972210539 100.0 21299Sichuan 50299 51247100.0 7

12、3707Guizhou 19669 19660100.0 26072Yunan 12882 13608100.0 35478Tibet 5746 3473 60.4 3167Shaanxi 27537 25280 91.8 32679 Gansu16823 13781 81.9 17448Qinghai 4163 4180 100.0 4804Ningxia 2376 2793 100.0 4149Xinjiang 8816 5332 60.5 7406 Current SituationVillage Doctors and Clinics in ChinaPreparation and Q

13、ualification of Village Health Workers Current SituationVillage Doctors and Clinics in ChinaPreparation and Qualification of Village Health WorkersResponsibilities and Tasks of Village Health Workers Current SituationVillage Doctors and Clinics in ChinaPreparation and Qualification of Village Health

14、 WorkersResponsibilities and Tasks of Village Health Workers Infrastructure of Village Clinics Current SituationVillage Doctors and Clinics in ChinaPreparation and Qualification of Village Health WorkersResponsibilities and Tasks of Village Health Workers Infrastructure of Village ClinicsManagement

15、of Village Clinics The Future of Village Doctors in China The Future of Village Doctors in China Policy Supports The Future of Village Doctors in ChinaPolicy SupportsFinancial Supports The Future of Village Doctors in China Policy SupportsFinancial SupportsEducation and Technical Support Case studyV

16、illage Clinics in Shenyang CityShenyang city has 8 counties and districts (rural areas) with 1932 villages. In 2001, we randomly selected and surveyed 66 villages at different economic levels. There were 26,460 households in these villages, an average of 401 households with 1,436 persons per village

17、. Total population was 94,754 at these villages. Annual per capita e for peasants in 2001 was 2,637 RMB. There were 123 village clinics at these villages, 1.68 per village, a lower density than the average in the province of 1.74 but higher than that of the country of 0.98. The average room space of

18、 each village clinics was 46.83 square meter. Capital asserts per village clinic was 7,480 RMB. There were 135 village doctors, 2.05 per village, much higher than that of province and country. 80 village doctors were trained in the past 2 years. The cumulative training time for each doctor was 3.5 m

19、onths. On average, each doctor served 734 patients. The survey showed that when residents became sick, 76.67 percent of residents went to village clinics, 14.63 percent to township health centers, and 1.6 percent to county hospitals and above. Experience ExperienceAs the social-economic condition is

20、 still under-developed in rural area, government and the people should pay more attention to rural health problems and strive to keep peasants healthy. Due to limited funds, governments should bring up more rural health workersvillage doctors, who are suitable to rural situation. ExperienceAs the so

21、cial-economic condition is still under-developed in rural area, government and the people should pay more attention to rural health problems and strive to keep peasants healthy. Due to limited funds, governments should bring up more rural health workersvillage doctors, who are suitable to rural situ

22、ation. Governments should provide funds and teachers for village doctors continuous education so that skill mix of village doctors could meet the increasing medical needs of village residents. ExperienceAs the social-economic condition is still under-developed in rural area, government and the peopl

23、e should pay more attention to rural health problems and strive to keep peasants healthy. Due to limited funds, governments should bring up more rural health workersvillage doctors, who are suitable to rural situation. Governments should provide funds and teachers for village doctors continuous educ

24、ation so that skill mix of village doctors could meet the increasing medical needs of village residents.In China, township health centers and village clinics are nonprofit health organizations. Keeping their public characteristics would maximally protect health right of peasants. ExperienceAs the so

25、cial-economic condition is still under-developed in rural area, government and the people should pay more attention to rural health problems and strive to keep peasants healthy. Due to limited funds, governments should bring up more rural health workersvillage doctors, who are suitable to rural situ

26、ation. Governments should provide funds and teachers for village doctors continuous education so that skill mix of village doctors could meet the increasing medical needs of village residents.In China, township health centers and village clinics are nonprofit health organizations. Keeping their publ

27、ic characteristics would maximally protect health right of peasants.Village doctors should be supervised and monitored in order to improve their professional competency and prevent wastage and abuse of drugs and supplies. ExperienceAs the social-economic condition is still under-developed in rural area, government and the people should pay mo