1、語法專項復(fù)習(xí)三：數(shù)詞的用法【數(shù)詞命題趨勢】1.基數(shù)的用法2.序數(shù)的用法【名師點睛】一、基數(shù)用于表示事物數(shù)量的，叫基數(shù)。如：twobridges兩座，twentysoldiers20個士。1.基數(shù)的形從1到12是獨立的數(shù)：one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve。從13到19：在個位數(shù)后-teen。thirteen,fifteen,eighteen,nineteen從20到90的各整十位數(shù)都以-ty尾。twenty,thirty,fifty,eighty,ninety(4)20到100之的其他的兩位數(shù)，要在十位和

2、個位之加字符號“-”。twenty-five,thirty-two,ninety-eight百位以上的數(shù)，要在百位和十位(沒有十位和個位)之加and。101：onehundredandone258：twohundredandfifty-eight(6)英中的數(shù)每3位數(shù)一個位hundred，thousand千，million百萬,billon十從個位向前，每三位加一個“，”；第一個“，”號前是thousand(千)，第二個“，”前是million(百萬)。4，002：fourthousandandtwo7，059：seventhousandandfiftynine95，680：ninetyfiv

3、ethousand,sixhundredandeighty(7)hundred,thousand,million的用法hundred,thousand,million在任何詳盡數(shù)字從前，都要用數(shù)形式。但若是此后有數(shù)形式(其前面不能夠再加詳盡數(shù)量)。比方：twomillion200萬millionsof數(shù)百萬thousandsof數(shù)不勝數(shù)of，要用復(fù)ThousandsandthousandsofvisitorshavecometoBeijinginthelasttwomonths.在去的兩個月里有數(shù)不勝數(shù)的來者到北京。基數(shù)的法用逗號把數(shù)字從右向左三位三位地分開，如12，000.數(shù)，從左向右三位三

4、位地依照三位數(shù)法，碰上逗號就分加上逗號所表示的數(shù)。比方：43，982，567forty-theremillon,ninehundredandeighty-twothousand,fivehundredandsixty-seven基數(shù)的用法基數(shù)在句子中能夠作主、定、表和同位。TwoofthemareworkersfromChina.他之中有兩名是來自中國的工。(作主)-Howmanypiecesofbreaddoyouwant?-Iwanttwo.-你要幾片面包?我要兩片。(作)-Threetimesfiveisfifteen.3乘5等于15。(作表)Hisdaughterisonlyfive.

5、他的女兒只有5。(作表)Thefourstudentsdidntpasstheexam.4個學(xué)生考不及格。(作定)Therearetwentytwoboystudentsinourclass.我班有22個男生。(作定)Theytwowillgotoattendthemeetingwithyou.他個人將與你一起去參加那個會。(同位)基數(shù)與名用表示號。LessonEight第八No.4MiddleSchool四中325325號信箱ClassOne,GradeThree三年一班Room102102號房38ChanganStreet安街38號BusNo.1010路公共汽Tel.No.6850,325

6、8號：6850，3258數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)表示年齡和年代、月份和日期。表求確實年齡注意：年代是四位數(shù)時，各分成二位來讀：1998年：讀作：nineteenninetyeight。日期挨次數(shù)詞讀：7月10日讀作Julytenth。表示年代或人的不確實年齡，用幾十的復(fù)數(shù)形式inthe1960s二十世紀(jì)六十年代inones+數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)在某人幾十多歲intheforties在40年代Theoldmanisnowinhiseighties.這位老人現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)80多歲了。表示年、月、日in1992在1992年；inJune,1966在1966年6月；onJuly28,1978在1978年7月28號基數(shù)詞用于表示時間。表

7、示時間有兩種方法：表示“幾點過幾分”，30分鐘之內(nèi)用介詞past。八點十分tenpasteight九點一刻aquarterpastnine1230halfpasttwelve表示“幾點差幾分”，30分鐘之內(nèi)(不包括30分整)，用介詞to。(750)tentoeight(845)aquartertonine(1250)tentoone也能夠依照時刻表直接讀數(shù)字。二點四十twoforty五點半fivethirty七點一刻sevenfifteen九點零五nine0five基數(shù)詞能夠表示算式。8+4=12Eightplus(and)fouristwelve.15-9=6Fifteenminusnine

8、is(leaves)six.79=63Seventimesnineissixtythree.306=5Thirtydividedbysixisfive.二、序數(shù)詞表示數(shù)量的次序或事物的地址的詞，叫作序數(shù)詞。1.序數(shù)詞的形式從第一到第三為獨立的特別形式first,second,third.從第4到第19以基數(shù)詞加“th構(gòu)”成：fourth,fifth,sixth,seventh,eighth,ninthtenth,eleventh,twelfth,thirteenth,fourteenthfifteenth,sixteenth,seventeenth,eighteenth,nineteenth第

9、20以上的的序數(shù)詞從20到90等以ty結(jié)尾的十位整數(shù)，把y改成i再加“eth構(gòu)”成序數(shù)twentieth,thirtieth,fortieth,fiftieth,sixtieth,seventieth,eightieth,ninetieth100的序數(shù)詞為：hundredth。其他的兩位或多位數(shù)，只將個位改成序數(shù)詞，其他仍用基數(shù)詞表示：twenty-first,thirty-second,fortythirdtwohundredandninth-eighth(第298)threethousand,sevenhundredandtwenty-first(第3721)注意：fifth,ninth,

10、twelfth與原基數(shù)詞拼寫不同樣。序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式為阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加序數(shù)詞最后兩個字母組成。122nd(第122)，38th(第38)，281st(第281)2983rd(第2983)，1320th(第1320)基變序口訣基變序，有規(guī)律，詞尾要加th。一二三，特別記，詞尾分別tdd。八去t，九去e。五和十二ve要用f替。整十?dāng)?shù)y尾變ie，再加th莫忘記。若遇幾十幾，只變個位就可以。2.序數(shù)詞的用法序數(shù)能夠作主、表、狀和定Thesecondisbetterthanthefirst.第二個比第一個好。(作主)Hehasbuiltfivebridgessince1950,nowheisstarting

11、onthesixth.自1950年以來，他已建筑五座了，在他正開始建第六座。(作)Maryisthefirsttocompletethetestpaperinherclass.(作表)是她班上第一個完成卷的人。Shealwayscomesfirst.她是第一個到。(作狀)ThiswasthefirsttimehecametoChina.是他第一次來中國。(作定)序數(shù)在使用，平時前面要加定冠the；但是若是序數(shù)前出不定冠表示“再,“又。Youcandoitasecondtime.你能夠做第二次。(作定)(2)序數(shù)能夠表示日期。a或an,ItsSeptemberthefirsttoday.今天是9

12、月1日。IthappenedonSeptember18th,1931.生在1931年9月18日。序數(shù)能夠表示號。thetwelfthlesson(=Lesson12)第十二thesecondparagaph(=ParagraphTwo)第二段thefourthMiddleSchool(=No.4MiddleSchool)第四中學(xué)thethirtyeighthroom(=Room38)第38號房thetenthpage(Page10)第10三、數(shù)的特定表示法和法(1)分?jǐn)?shù)表示法分?jǐn)?shù)的組成分?jǐn)?shù)的組成分子用基數(shù)，分母用序數(shù)，分子若是大于1，分母序數(shù)一般都用復(fù)數(shù)形式。1/2：a(one)half,1/

13、25：atwentyfifth,1/3：a(one)third,1/4：aquarter2/5：twofifths,1/100：ahundredth，3/100：threehundredths,3/4：threequarters5/1000：fivethousandths分?jǐn)?shù)的整數(shù)和分?jǐn)?shù)之用and接31：threeandahalf51作fiveandaquarter24注意：表示“某一整體的幾分之幾”，使用：分?jǐn)?shù)+of+the+名。Shespentonethirdofhersalariesyesterday.她昨天花去了薪水的三分之一。Onehalfofthestudentsareforeig

14、ners.一半的學(xué)生是外國人。Theyhavecoveredthreefifthsofthedistance.他已走完了五分之三的距離。小數(shù)表示法小數(shù)只能用基數(shù)表示。其中小數(shù)點作point，零作zero；小數(shù)點此后按數(shù)字依次出；整數(shù)部分零，能夠省略不。0.9：zeropointnine或pointnine8.025：eightpoint0twofive3.58：threepointfiveeight99.87：ninetyninepointeightseven0.016：0point0onesix(3)百分?jǐn)?shù)表示法%作percent18%：eighteenpercent99.9：ninetyn

15、inepointninepercent0.6%：zeropointsixpercent0.05%：0point0fivepercent注意：數(shù)與表示位的名一起使用作定，位名必用數(shù)。二十英的：atwentypoundnote算式的表示方法加法“加”用plus,and或add表示；“等于”用is,make,equal等表示.1+2=？可表示：Howmuchisoneplustwo?一加二等于多少？1+2=3Oneplustwoisthree.Oneandtwoisequaltothree.Oneandtwomakethree.Oneaddedtotwoequalsthree.Ifweaddonet

16、o/andtwo,wegetthree.減法“減“用minus或takefrom表示。9-3=？Howmuchisnineminusthree?九減三等于多少？9-3=6Nineminusthreeissix.Takethreefromnineandtheremainderissix.Three(taken)fromnineissix.乘法“乘”用time（）或multiply表示。23=?Howmuchistwotimesthree?二乘以三等于多少？23=6二乘以三等于六。Twotimesthreeis/aresix.Multiplytwobythree,wegetsix.Twomulti

17、pliedthreemakessix.除法“除”用divide的去分形式表示153=?Howmuchisfifteendividedbythree?十五除以三等于多少？153=5Fifteendividedbythreeisfive.Fifteendividedbythreeequals/gives/makesfive.其他算式的寫法和法比率、乘方、開方等算式的法1：2作theratioofonetotwo15：3作Theratiooffifteentothreeequalsfive.2數(shù)前加every,表示每/每隔.everytendays=everyninthday每十天(每隔九天)注:e

18、very+基數(shù)+復(fù)數(shù)名=every+(序數(shù)-1)+數(shù)名(6)“多少又一半”的表達法:基數(shù)+and+ahalf+名復(fù)數(shù)=基數(shù)+名(數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù))+and+ahalfhalfanhour半小twoandahalfhours=twohoursandahalf(7)倍數(shù)倍數(shù)+as+形(副)原+as倍數(shù)+形(副)比+thanIhavethreetimesasmanyasyou.我有你三倍那么多Thisfishis3timesheavierthanthatone.序數(shù)與冠a/an用。序數(shù)前加不定冠a/an,表示“又一”、“再一”的意思。如：Pleasetryitasecondtime.再一。但基數(shù)與more用

19、，并放在more前，表示“別的有”、“有”的意思。如：Illtakeonemore(=another)pencil.我要一支筆。Wevejuststarted!Thereweretwentymoretreestobeplanted!我才開始呢!有20棵要栽呢!【考點講解】【考例1】Inourcity,_middleschoolstudentswanttoworkasateacherinthefuture.2009年重A.thousandB.thousandofC.thousandsofD.twothousandof【剖析】答案C。觀察數(shù)詞的用法。thousandsof是一個詞組，意為“數(shù)不勝數(shù)

20、的”，表示一個大概的數(shù)量，注意這時thousand用復(fù)數(shù)，且前面不能夠加明確的數(shù)字。【考例2】Theroadisover_metreslong2008Asixhundredandfifty-twoCsixhundred，fifty-two年南Bsixhundredsandfifty-twoDsixhundred，fiftyandtwo【剖析】答案A。本考數(shù)的寫形式。在英中，百位與十位之平時用知，答案在A與B之中，在表示確實的數(shù)字，hundred不能夠用復(fù)數(shù)形式。【考例3】Wearesurethe_0lympicGamesinBeijingnextYearwilland接，由此可beoneof_

21、gamesinhistory2007云港Atwenty-ninemoresuccessfulBtwenty-ninth；moresuccessfulCtwenty-ninth；themostsuccessfulD.twenty-nine;themostsuccessful【剖析】答案C。剖析本題綜合觀察序數(shù)詞表次序，基數(shù)詞表數(shù)量的用法。句意為：來年的北京奧運會為第二十九屆奧運會，這是不爭的事實，此處應(yīng)使用序數(shù)詞表次序，由此可確定答案在B與C之中；再由句意可知，后邊應(yīng)是一個最高等的句子，因此C項正確。【考例4】Qinghai-TibetRailway(青藏鐵路)wascompletedlasty

22、earItisthe_railwaythatconnectsTibetwiththe0therpartsofChina2008鹽城AfirstBsecondCthirdDfourth【剖析】答案A。本題觀察序數(shù)的用法。句意為：青藏鐵路是第一條將西藏與其他地區(qū)連接起來的鐵路干線?！究祭?】HarryPotterandtheDeathlyHallows,_bookoftheseries(系列)，willbeforsaleonJuly212008湖南懷化AseventhBtheseventhCseven【剖析】答案：B由句意“系列叢書的第七本書將在年數(shù)詞前要加定冠詞the，應(yīng)選B?！究祭?】Abou

23、t_ofthestudentsinourschoolarehoys7月21日被銷售”可知此空要用序數(shù)詞，且序常德AthirdfifthsBthreefifthsCthreefifth【剖析】答案B。在英語中表示分?jǐn)?shù)的方式為“序數(shù)詞+基數(shù)詞”，若是分子大于1，則分母用復(fù)數(shù)形式?！究祭?】(2004年上海市徐匯區(qū)中考試題)About_studentsinourclasscandescribethatplaceinEnglish.A.three-fifthsB.three-fifthC.third-fiveD.third-fifths【剖析】答案：A。該題觀察的是分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法。分子用基數(shù)詞表示，分母

24、用序數(shù)詞表示。分子大于1時，分母應(yīng)加-s，因此應(yīng)選A?！究祭?】(2004年河北省中考試題)Nine_poundsaweek?Thatsverygood.A.hundredofB.hundredsofC.hundredsD.hundred【剖析】答案：D。該題觀察的是數(shù)詞的用法。Ninehundred是一個詳盡的數(shù)量，這是數(shù)詞不能夠用復(fù)數(shù)形式，后邊也不能夠加of。因此應(yīng)選D。【中考演練】()1.ItissaidthatSARShaskilledmorethan_peopleworldwide.A.threehundredsB.threehundredsC.threehundredsD.thre

25、ehundred)2.Howmanyworkersarethereinyourfactory?Therearetwo_.A.hundredsB.hundredC.hundredofD.hundredsof)3.Whichisthesmallestnumberofthefour?_.A.Two-thirdsB.AhalfC.AquarterD.Three-fourths)4.Whatdoyouthinkofawar,LiMing?Ivenoidea.Butitsafactthat_peoplehadtoleavetheirhometownduringtheWarA.threethousandsB

26、.thousandofC.thousandsofD.severalthousands()5.Weallthinkthatthe_centurywillbringusmorehopes.A.twenty-firstB.twentieth-firstC.twenty-oneD.twentieth-one()6.Canyouwritethenumbereighty-fivethousand,sixhundredandtwenty-six?Yes,itis_.A.856620B.85626C.58662D.58626()7.WhenwasthePRCfounded?Itwasfoundedon_.A.

27、July1,1921B.October1,1949C.August1,1927D.May1,1922()8.Iwas8yearsoldwhenmyfatherwas31.Thisyearmyfatheristwicemyage.HowoldamI?A.21B.22C.23D.24()9._ChinesearelookingforwaystolearnEnglishwellbeforeBeijing2008Olympics.A.ThousandB.ThousandsC.ThousandofD.Thousandsof()10.Bothofthetworulersarebroken.Iwanttob

28、uya_one.A.threeB.thirdC.forthD./()11DuringWorldWarII,aJewish(猶太)ladywasprotectedbyalocalfamilyinShanghaiinher_.A.fiftiesB.fiftyC.fiftiethD.thefiftieth()12-HowoftenaretheOlympicGamesheld？-_fouryears.A.EveryB.EachC.InD.For()13Iveread_sportsnewsabouttheF1racetoday.A.twoB.piecesC.twopiecesD.twopiecesof(

29、)14_thestudentsintheseprimaryschoolisaboutthreethousand,_ofthemaregirls.A.Anumberof;twothirdB.Thenumberof;twothirdsC.Anumberof;twothirdsD.Thenumberof;twothird()15.Theriverthroughourcity,whichisabout_,iscleanagain.A.6000metreslongB.6000-metres-longC.6000-metre-longD.6000metrelong()16Itisreportedthatt

30、hetrainaccidentinIndiakilled_people.NoChinesewas_them.A.twohundred;amongB.twohundreds;amongC.twohundred;betweenD.twohundreds;between()17Duringtheseven-dayMayDayholiday,familieswentsightseeing.A.thousandB.thousandsC.thousandsandthousandsD.thousandsof()18Whatsonefourthandahalf,doyouknow?Yes,its_.A.two

31、sixthsB.threefourthsC.onethreeD.threesixths()19_ofthestudentsaregirlsinourclassA.TwothreeBTwothreesCTwothirdsDSecondthree()20Thedoctorworkedfor_aftertwelveoclock.A.twomorehoursB.twoanotherhourC.moretwohoursD.anothertwohour()21.The_WorldTableTennisChampionshipbegan_themorningofMay25,2010_Moscow,Russi

32、a.(2010年咸寧)A.Fifty;in;inB.Fiftieth;on;inC.Fiftieth;in;onD.Fifty;on;in()22.Whatapity!LiuXiangdidntwinthe_hurdles（跨欄）.(2010巴中市)A.110-meterB.110-metersC.110meter()23.CanIhelpyou?Idlike_formytwindaughters.(濱州市二一)A.twopairofshoesB.twopairsofshoeC.twopairofshoeD.twopairsofshoes()24._girlstookpartintheHapp

33、yGirlCompetitionbutonlyfewofthemsucceeded.(定西市2010年)A.MillionofB.ManymillionofC.OnemillionofD.Millionsof()25Thereare_peopleinthesupermarket.Itssocrowded.(2010年山東省萊蕪市)AhundredBhundredsChundredofDhundredsof()26Doyouknowtheboy_issittingnexttoPeter?Yes.HeisPetersfriend.Theyarecelebratinghis_birthday.(20

34、10年四川眉山市)A.who;ninthB.that;ninethC./;ninethD.which;ninth()27.Igotagoodpresentonmy_birthday.(2010年四川省宜賓市)A.nineB.ninthC.thenineD.theninth()28.IhearyourpenfriendisvisitingLianyungangagain.Isitthe_timeforhim?Yes,andhewillcomeforathirdtimenextspring.(2009年連云港)A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.fourth()29._girlstoo

35、kpartintheSuperGirlcompetitionbutonlyfewofthemsucceed.A.OnemillionofB.MillionsofC.ThousandsandmillionsD.Twomillions()30.CanIhelpyou?Idlike_formytwindaughters.A.twopairofshoesB.twopairsofshoesC.twopairofshoeD.twopairsofshoe()31.Eachofushastowritea_reporteverythreeweeks.A.two-thousand-wordsB.two-thous

36、and-wordC.two-thousands-wordsD.two-thousands-word()32.Nowchildren,pleaseturntoPage_andlookatthe_picture.A.Twenty-three;fifthB.Twenty-three;fiveC.Twenty-third;fifthD.Twenty-third;five()33.Excuseme,couldyoutellmewherethenearestpostofficeis?Thenearestpostoffice?Youwillhavetowalk_.A.500-metresawayB.500m

37、eterfarC.500metresfartherD.500metre-faraway()34.Thisisabigclass,and_ofthestudentsaregirls.A.twothirdB.secondthreeC.twothirdsD.twothree()35.Duringtheentrance(升學(xué))exams,thereare_parentswaitingfortheirchildrenoutsidetheirtestcenter.A.thousandsofB.thousandofC.thousandD.thousands()36._peoplewillwatchBeiji

38、ngOlympicGamesonTVin2008.A.MillionofB.MillionsofC.FivemillionsD.Million()37.Howoldisyourson?_.Wehadaspecialpartyforhis_birthdaylastSunday.A.Nine;nineB.Nine;ninthC.Ninth;nineD.Ninth;nine()38.Thisisthe_timein_daysthathehasmadethesamemistakes.A.second;thirdB.two;threeC.two;thirdD.second;three()39.Howma

39、nypeoplewillcometoBeijingfortheOlympicGamesin2008?Itshardtosay_people,Ithink.A.MillionofB.MillionsofC.TwomillionsofD.twomillions()40.MothersDayfallson_SundayofMay.A.twoB.secondC.thesecond()41.ItwasthesecondtimeforChinatosendamanned(人的)spaceshipintothesky,butitwasthe_timeforFeiJunlongandNieHaishengtogotothespace.A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.last()42.Katelivesin_.Mineisnexttoh