1、Argument 典型題精講（7）(4 題，共0.0 分17777, The following recommendation appeared in a memo from the mayor of the town of Two years ago, the nearby town of Ocean View built a new municipal golf course and resort hotel. During the past two years, tourism in Ocean View has increased, new busi nesses have opene

2、d there, and Ocean Views tax revenues have risen by 30 percent. T herefore, the best way to improve Hopewells economyand generate additional tax re venuesis to build a golf course and resort hotel similar to those in Ocean View. Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assump

3、tions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and w hat the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.1, The arguer does not demonstrate how the golf course and the hotel actually contributed to the economy. (cause- effect 2, Wil

4、l the constructions be equally effective in the future? 3, OV and Hopewell may not be comparable. (false analogy) 4, The arguer ignores other possible methods. (necessity)1, The arguer does not demonstrate how the golf course and the hotel actually contributed to the economy. (cause- effect 2, Will

5、the constructions be equally effective in the future? 3, OV and Hopewell may not be comparable. (false analogy) 4, The arguer ignores other possible methods. (necessity)本題【0.027171, The following is a letter to the editor of the Waymarsh Traffic here in Waymarsh is becoming a problem. Although just

6、three years ago a stat e traffic survey showed that the typical driving commuter took 20 minutes to get to w ork, the commute now takes closer to 40 minutes, according to the survey just comple ted. Members of the town council already have suggested more road building to addres s the problem, but as

7、 well as being expensive, the new construction will surely disruptsome of our residential neighborhoods. It would be better to follow the example of the nearby city of Garville. Last year Garville implemented a policy that rewards people w ho share rides to work, giving them coupons for free gas. Po

8、llution levels in Garville ha ve dropped since the policy was implemented, and people from Garville tell me that co mmuting times have fallen considerably. There is no reason why a policy like Garvilles shouldnt work equally well in Waymarsh.Write a response in which you discuss what specific eviden

9、ce is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.We need evidence about/ to prove 1, how the policy actually contributed to the improvements (cause- effect fallacy)2, The policy will be equally effective in the future. (時效性) 3, comparability

10、between G and W (false analogy)4, other possible methods .We need evidence about/ to prove 1, how the policy actually contributed to the improvements (cause- effect fallacy)2, The policy will be equally effective in the future. (時效性) 3, comparability between G and W (false analogy)4, other possible

11、methods 本題【0.038181, The following appeared in a business As a result of numerous complaints of dizziness and nausea on the part of consumers of Promofoods tuna, the company requested that eight million cans of its tuna be retu rned for testing. Promofoods concluded that the canned tuna did not, aft

12、er all, pose a health risk. This conclusion is based on tests performed on samples of the recalled can s by chemists from Promofoods; the chemists found that of the eight food chemicals m ost commonly blamed for causing symptoms of dizziness and nausea, five were not fou nd in any of the tested cans

13、. The chemists did find small amounts of the three remaini ng suspected chemicals but pointed out that these occur naturally in all canned foods. Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be addressed in o rder to decide whether the conclusion and the argument on which it is

14、 based are reaso nable. Be sure to explain how the answers to the questions would help to evaluate the 1, How about the batch information and total amount of the tuna cans sold?2, Other substances that could cause these 3, Does the fact that the chemicals were not found so far ne cessarily indicate

15、that there isnt any such chemicals in the c (all above: does the test make any 4, How much of these chemicals is there in canned food prod uced by other companies?5, How much of them is dangerous? (incomplete 1, How about the batch information and total amount of the tuna cans sold?2, Other substanc

16、es that could cause these 3, Does the fact that the chemicals were not found so far ne cessarily indicate that there isnt any such chemicals in the c (all above: does the test make any 4, How much of these chemicals is there in canned food prod uced by other companies?5, How much of them is dangerou

17、s? (incomplete 本題【0.049191, Three years ago, because of flooding at the Western Palean Wildlife Preserve, 100 l ions and 100 western gazelles were moved to the East Palean Preserve, an area that i s home to most of the same species that are found in the western preserve, though in larger numbers, an

18、d to the eastern gazelle, a close relative of the western gazelle. Th e only difference in climate is that the eastern preserve typically has slightly less ll. Unfortunately, after three years in the eastern preserve, the imported western gazell e population has been virtually eliminated. Since the

19、slight reduction in rainfall cannot be the cause of the virtual elimination of western gazelle, their disappearance must ha ve been caused by the larger number of predators in the eastern preserve.Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.We need evidence about/ to prove 1, the diffe