1、The less anxious and more relaxed the learner, the better their language acquisition. 所謂的語(yǔ)氣是指說(shuō)話人對(duì)所指的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)所持有的態(tài)度。 和時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)一樣，語(yǔ)氣也是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表明說(shuō)話人講話的目的和意圖。英語(yǔ)中有四種語(yǔ)氣：陳述語(yǔ)氣，疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣，祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。語(yǔ) 氣 Mood、陳述語(yǔ)氣：陳述一個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，表示所說(shuō)的是事實(shí)。There are two sides to every question.、疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣：用來(lái)提出問(wèn)題，表示疑問(wèn)。Is this your book?、祈使語(yǔ)氣：表示講話人對(duì)對(duì)方

2、的請(qǐng)求、命令、號(hào)召、勸告、警告、禁止等。Dont be late for class.Be seated, please.、虛擬語(yǔ)氣：用來(lái)表示假設(shè)、愿望、建議、請(qǐng)求、命令、猜測(cè)、可能、空想等非真實(shí)情況。句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用一種特殊形式，稱為虛擬語(yǔ)氣。條件從句主句動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去式（be常用were）would/should/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形If there were no subjunctive mood , English would be easier.If I had time to spare, I would come too.2. 表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反條件從句主句had過(guò)去

3、分詞would/should/could/might +have doneIf he had been warned, he would not have taken that food.You didnt let me drive. If we had driven in turn, youwouldnt have got so tired.條件從句主句動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去式should/could +動(dòng)詞原形were to +動(dòng)詞原形would/should/could/might動(dòng)詞原形If I knew his address, I would send the letter to him.I

4、f you were to come tomorrow, I should ask you to helpme with my work.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.條件從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去式（be常用were）would/should/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反 had過(guò)去分詞would/should/could/might +have done與將來(lái)現(xiàn)實(shí)可能相反動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去式should/could +動(dòng)詞原形were to +動(dòng)詞原形would/should/could/might動(dòng)

5、詞原形2. would ratherId rather you went home now.I would rather you had told me the truth.He suggested that we should put the meeting off . She urged that he write and accept the post. Our commander ordered that all the wounded soldiers should be sent to hospital at once. She asked that she should be s

6、ent to work in the countryside. I propose that he go to the meeting instead of me. He insisted that this matter be taken over at the meeting. Face 3: 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在表語(yǔ)從句 和同位語(yǔ)從句中 在proposal, suggestion, order, requirement, desire, decision, advice, plan, necessity等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中，可用“(should)動(dòng)詞原形”表達(dá)虛擬語(yǔ)氣。His sug

7、gestion is that the meeting (should) be put off. He made the suggestion that the meeting (should) be put off. Face 4: 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在主語(yǔ)從句中 It +be + suggested/required/requested/ demanded/ that It is ordered that we (should) go at once.It has been instructed that the meeting (should) be put off.2. It +be+ nece

8、ssary/ essential/ important/ impossible/ strange/natural/ a pity/ that帶有一種情感(必要、適當(dāng)、驚奇、遺憾等) “竟然會(huì)”，從句中的should可以省略。It is necessary that he (should) listen to the radio frequently.It is strange that he should not have learned English. It is strange that he should have no friends.It is a great pity that

9、he should be so careless. Face 5: 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在狀語(yǔ)從句中 虛擬語(yǔ)氣as if/as though在引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法The two strangers talked as if they had been friends for years.It seems as if it were spring.He spoke as though he had known it.2. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在目的狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法在in case, for fear that, in order that, so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用“should/cou

10、ld/might動(dòng)詞原形”表達(dá)虛擬語(yǔ)氣。In order that she could catch the train, she hurried through her work.I will not make a noise for fear that I might disturb you.Take the umbrella with you in case it should rain.4. 錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句有時(shí)主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作在時(shí)間上并不一致，這種條件句叫做混合條件句，又成為錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句If the doctor hadnt come, the patient would

11、 be dead now.If he had studied harder, he would be able to answer the test questions now. Face 7: 含蓄條件句非真實(shí)條件句中的條件從句有時(shí)并不直接表示出來(lái)，只暗含在句子中，這種句子叫做含蓄條件句。具體分為以下幾種：B. 通過(guò)介詞短語(yǔ)表達(dá)條件（without, but for 要是沒(méi)有的話） Without electricity, human life would be quite different today. (=If there were no electricity, ) But for

12、the storm, I would have arrived much earlier. (=If it had not been for the storm, )通過(guò)連詞otherwise, or, but, but that, though, once等表達(dá)條件She came to town yesterday, otherwise/ or (=if she hadnt come) I would not have met her.Einstein cared little for money, though (=if he had cared for money) he could

13、have been very rich.D. 通過(guò)分詞短語(yǔ)表達(dá)條件Given more attention (=If they had been given more attention), the trees could have grown better.Supposing it should rain (=If it were to /should rain), we would still go.E.無(wú)詞句來(lái)暗示條件Such mistakes could have been avoided.(暗示條件從句if we had been more careful)It was so qui

14、et, you could have heard a pin drop.(暗示條件從句if it had dropped to the ground)You should have done it better.(暗示條件從句if you had tried it harder)You might stay here forever.(你可以永遠(yuǎn)呆在這兒. (暗含if you wanted to)We would have succeeded. 我們本來(lái)是會(huì)成功的. (暗含if we had kept trying)I would appreciate a little of your tim

15、e.謝謝你給我一點(diǎn)時(shí)間吧. (暗含if you were so kind as to give me a little of your time.)Were I you ( =If I were you), I would do morepractice.Had you arrived (=If you had arrived) at the station ten minutes earlier, you could have caught the train.Should he come( =If he should come), tell him to ring me up.Had he not drunk alcohol ( =If he hadnt drunk alcohol), he wouldnt have had such an awfu