大英三第四單元大英三第四單元大英三第四單元V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考大英三第四單元日期：20xx年X月GuidelinesforStudentsUnit4Book3PartIIn-classReadingThewordsandexpressionsstudentsaresupposedtomaster:Career,profession,job,occupationItookthisnewjobbecauseIfeltthatthecareerprospectsweremuchbetter.Elainehasbecomearealcareerwoman/girl.Helefttheteachingprofessionin1965tosetuphisownbusiness.Thebuildersareaimingtogetthejobdonebytheendofthemonth.Inthespacemarked'occupation'shewrote'policeofficer'.alternativeIwantedtogoout,butIhadnomoney.Ihadnoalternativetostayingathome.Wehavenoalternativebuttogoon.Thewaywasblocked,sowewentbyanalternativeroad.alterv.alternateSheworksonalternatedays.她隔日工作。ShealternatedbetweencheerfulnessanddeepplacencycomplacentHehadbecomecomplacentafteryearsofsuccess.Ourteamlostbecausesomeplayersbecamecomplacent.crystallize(crystal+-ize)Atwhattemperaturedoessugarcrystallize●tocrystallizeone'sideasItonlytookaweekforhertocrystallizeherdesignforthedecorations.crystaladj.clearortransparent:acrystallake;thecrystalclarityoftheirreasoningdominantthedominantpartnerinabusinessTherighthandisdominantinmostpeople.TheSovietUnionisthedominantnationofEasternEurope.Synonyms:dominant;predominant;preponderant;paramount;preeminentestimateNoun:NowI'verealizedthatmyestimateofhercharacterwasone-sided.Thenumberofpeoplewhoappliedforthecoursewas120comparedwithaninitialestimateofbetween50and100.We'llacceptthelowestofthreeestimatesforthebuildingwork.

●aconservative(=low)estimate

●arough(=notexact)estimateVerb:Governmentsourcesestimatealong-term50%increaseinrailfares.

[+(that)]Theyestimate(that)thejourneywilltakeatleasttwoweeks.

[+questionword]Itwasdifficulttoestimatehowmanytreeshadbeendestroyed.●estimation

Inmyestimation,alotofotherbanksaregoingtohavethesameproblem.flawTheysharethecharacterflawofarrogance.aflawinthecrystalthatcausedittoshatter.There'safatalflawinyourreasoning.It'sapitythatthescarflawedherskin.●flawlessforeseeforeseeing-foresaw-foreseenThosewhocanforeseedifficultiesontheirwaytosuccessmaykeepcalmwhentheyreallyappear.Synonyms:anticipate;forecast;foretell;predict;prophesy●foreseeableFormulaPlural:formulasorformulaeThechemicalformulaforwaterisH2O.(公式)thesecretformulaforanewrocketfuel.(配方)Drinkinganddrivingisaformulafortrouble.(定則)Theemployersandtheunionleadershaveagreedanacceptableformulaforwages.(原則；方案)implicationimply，implicate，implicit,implicativeHismannerofspeakingimpliesthathewasnotwillingtoaccepttheagreement."Hesmiled,buttheimplicationwasthathedidn'tbelieveme."Thepolicefoundaletterwhichimplicatedhimintherobbery.insightItwasaninterestingbook,fulloffascinatinginsightsintohumanrelationships.●insightfulInstabilityStable-unstable-instability●emotional/political/economicinstability.Thebuilding'sinstabilitymakesitextremelydangerous.Afterseveralpart-timejobs,he'snowgotastablejobinabank.moralimmoral;morality,immorality,morale●moral,ethical,virtuous：thebasicmoralvaluesofacommunityThearticlequestionstheethicalconductofcertainjournalists,whoareclaimedtohaveusedthreatsinordertoobtaininterviews.Heisnotconventionallyreligious,buthe’svirtuousinallotherrespects.pursuepursue(FOLLOW)Hewaskilledbythedriverofastolencarwhowasbeinghotlypursuedbythepolice.Wewillnotbepursuingthismatteranyfurther.He'sbeenpursuingherformonthsandyetshe'ssoclearlynotinterested.pursue(ATTEMPT)Hedecidedtopursueacareerintelevision.

Weneedtodecidesoonwhatmarketingstrategyweshouldpursueforthesenewproducts.

MichaelEvansisleavingthecompanytopursuehisownbusinessinterests.●pursuitresortAmonthofholidaysinthesummerresortwillcertainlybringyouaround.Thisrestaurantismyfavoriteresort.●topasswithoutresortingtocheating●Heronlyresortistelevision.●inthelastresort●toresorttoforce(v.)strikingThechildbearsastrikingresemblancetotheparents.Synonyms:noticeable;observableundergoSheunderwentanoperationonatumorinherleftlunglastyear.

CinemainBritainisundergoingarevivalofpopularity.PhrasesandExpressionsatstakeincaseTakeinventoryofTakestockofWishfulthinkingDifficultsentencesorusefulexpressionsfromthetext:1Careerplanningdoesnotnecessarilyfollowroutineorlogicalsteps.Eachofusplacesweightondifferentfactorsandmayconsidercertainphasesofcareerplanningatdifferenttimes.Careerplanningincludesgatheringinformationaboutourselvesandaboutoccupations,estimatingtheprobableoutcomesofvariouscoursesofaction,andfinally,choosingalternativesthatwefindattractiveandfeasible..2Manyobservershavepointedoutthatstudentsarenotveryefficientcareerplanners.Theyciteevidencethat(1)moststudentschoosefromamongaverynarrowgroupofoccupations;(2)asmanyas40to60percentchooseprofessionaloccupations,wheninrealityonly15to18percentoftheworkforceisengagedinprofessionalwork;(3)youngmenshowastrikinglackofinterestinclerical,sales,andserviceoccupations,althoughthesefieldsoffermanyjobopportunities;and(4)asmanyasathirdofthestudentsareunabletoexpressanychoiceofoccupation.3IntheirbookDecisionMaking,IrvingJanisandLeonMannidentifyseriousflawsinthewaysmanypeoplemakedecisions.Theseflawsseemtobeassociatedwiththepatternspeopleusetocopewithproblems.Thefirstflawiscomplacency.Peoplewhoignorechallenginginformationaboutthechoicestheymakedemonstratecomplacency.Peoplewhotaketheattitudethat"Itwon'taffectme"or"Itwillneverhappen"usecomplacencyasadominantpatternofbehaving.Ofcourse,complacencyisappropriateforanydecisioninwhichnothingmuchisatstake4Asecondflawinthewaypeoplecopewithdecisionsisdefensiveavoidance.Whenconfrontedwithadecisionandunabletobelievetheycanfindanacceptablesolution,somepeopleremaincalmbyresortingtowishfulthinkingordaydreaming.Studentswhofailtothinkabouttheimplicationsoftheircareerchoicesoftenengageinrationalization(deceivingoneselfwithself-satisfyingbutincorrectexplanationsforone'sbehavior)orprocrastination(puttingoffordelaying).Facingthesituationmayproduceanxiety,butexaminingalternative5Athirdflawishypervigilance.Thisoccursincareerdecisionmakingwhenpeoplebelievethereisnotenoughtimetofindasolutionandtheypanic.Theysearchfranticallyforcareerpossibilitiesandseizeonhastilyinventedsolutions,overlookingtheconsequencesoftheirchoiceaswellasotheralternatives.Peoplewhoareinapanicsometimesdonotthinkclearlyorlogically.6Thebestcopingbehaviorisvigilance.Vigilantdecisionmakingoccurswhenpeoplebelievethat(1)achoiceshouldbemade,(2)theycanfindasolution,and(3)thereisenoughtime.Undertheseconditions,studentscanconductaneffectivesearchforalternativecareers,carefullyevaluateeachalternative,andworkoutcontingencyplansincaseoneoranotherriskappears.7Followingarethekeystocareerplanning.81.Studyyourself.Thisisthekeytocareerplanning.Understandingwhatyouarelike,whatyouvalue,andwhatyouwanttobecomeisthefoundationforallcareerplanning.Instudyingyourself,youexamineyourstrengthsandweaknesses,yourgoals,andthetrendsinyourpersonaldevelopment.Theself-understandingthatyougainenablesyoutoimaginehowcertainoccupationsmaybestfityourpersonality,interests,abilities,andgoals.Allcareerdecisionsrequireustolearnbothaboutourselvesandaboutwork,andtointegratethesetwokindsofknowledge.92.Writeyourcareergoalsdown.Atechniqueusefulfororganizingideasaboutyourcareerdevelopmentisactuallytowritethemdownbytimeblocksinyourlife.Writingsomethingdownforcesyoutocrystallizeyourthinkingandtorecognizeunclearandhalf-formedideas.Itmayleadtonewinsightsaboutyourpossibilitiesandmayhelpyoutoseenewrelationships,patterns,andtrends,ortoidentifygapsinyourthinkingaboutyourcareerdevelopment.103.Reviewyourplansandprogressperiodicallywithanotherperson.Everysooften,takestockofyoursituationandconsiderwhatstepshavetobetakennext.Takinginventoryofprogressandplanningfurtherstepscanhelpyoucopewiththechangesthatyouundergoandthechangesthattakeplaceinthelabormarket.Talkingoveryourplanswithacollegecounselor,yourparents,andyourfriendshelpsyoudefineyourgoalsandimproveyourcareerplansormakethemwork.114.Ifyouchooseacareerthatdoesnotfityou,youcanstartover.Today,growingnumbersofmenandwomenarechangingcareersorgettingsecondstartsincareersthathavegreaterappealtothem.Manyofthosewhofindthattheirlineofworkisunsatisfactoryretrainthemselvesforadifferentoccupation.Oftentheirnewoccupationisonethattheyoverlookedwhentheywereyoungorthattheydidnothaveanopportunitytopursueatthattimeforfinancialorotherreason.12Sociologistssaythattherearefewchangesincareersthatinvolve"downward"movement;mostinvolvethetraditionalbusinessof"gettingahead".Societynolongerattachesthestigmaof"instability"totheideaofcareerhopping,asitoncedid.13Jobchangesandcareershiftsoccuratallages.Ithasbeenestimatedthatasmanyasoneoutoffourmaleworkersbetweentheagesoftwentyandtwenty-fivechangetheirlinesofwork.Abouthalfthatnumberdosobetweentheagesoftwenty-fiveandforty-four..14Careerplanningdoesnotguaranteethatalltheproblems,difficulties,ordecision-makingsituationsthatfaceyouinthefuturewillbesolvedormadeanyeasier.Noformulacanbegiventodothat.Butcareerplanningshouldhelpyoutoapproachandcopebetterwithnewproblems,suchasdecidingwhetherornottoentereducationalortrainingprograms,decidingwhetherornottochangejobs,andanalyzingthedifficultiesyouarehavingwithasituationoraperson.15Nobodycanforeseewhatthefutureholdsforanyofus.Therearesocial,emotional,andmoralconsiderationsinourfuturethatcannotbeforeseen.Butthemostimportantlessonofthisoften-unhappymodernworldisthatprogresscomesfromplanning.Ignoranceaboutone'scareerisnotbliss;reasonisbetterthanchanceandfate.Althoughthereisnosurewaytomakecareerplansworkout,therearethingsthatyoucandonowtoshapeyourcareerpossibilities.(1,046words)Students’Tasks:Practiceasmuchaspossiblethein-classreading(includingnewwordsandphrases,text,grammaritemsetc.)sothatyouwillbefullypreparedtodothefollowingintheclass:dictation(words,phrasesorsentencesfromthetext)readaloudandlearnthembyheart:1Careerplanningdoesnotnecessarilyfollowroutineorlogicalsteps.Eachofusplacesweightondifferentfactorsandmayconsidercertainphasesofcareerplanningatdifferenttimes.Careerplanningincludesgatheringinformationaboutourselvesandaboutoccupations,estimatingtheprobableoutcomesofvariouscoursesofaction,andfinally,choosingalternativesthatwefindattractiveandfeasible.15Nobodycanforeseewhatthefutureholdsforanyofus.Therearesocial,emotional,andmoralconsiderationsinourfuturethatcannotbeforeseen.Butthemostimportantlessonofthisoften-unhappymodernworldisthatprogresscomesfromplanning.Ignoranceaboutone'scareerisnotbliss;reasonisbetterthanchanceandfate.Althoughthereisnosurewaytomakecareerplansworkout,therearethingsthatyoucandonowtoshapeyourcareerpossibilities.answerordiscussthequestionsconcerningthetopicofthetextsummarizethethreeflawsindecisionmakingandthe4keystocareerplanning.FinishQuizfromnceonline.ItisdueDec.31finishtheexercises;(Vocabularyexerciseson162&Translationexerciseonpage163.)Vocabulary1.Directions:Completethefollowingsentenceswithappropriateformsofthewordsgiven.1)Theairpollutionexceedsmost____________levelsby10timesormore.(accept)2)Whatissoimpressiveabouttheircompanyisthe____________oftheservicetothepublic.(efficient)3)IknowthatthegovernmentiscuttingbackitsspendingbutI’mnotsurewhatthe____________areforourdepartment.(imply)4)Hisdrinkingandpoorbehaviorshows____________ofcharacter.(stable)5)Ipouredmythoughtsoutonpaperinanattemptto____________myfeelings.(rational)6)Medical____________ofsuchacomplexproblemwillcostalotofmoney.(evaluate)7)Thecompanycanonlyblameitselffortheentirely____________messthatitisnowin.(foresee)8)Hisgreatestachievementwasthe____________ofnewfarmingmethods.(invent)9)“Don’tworry,”Jennyadded__________.“IcheckedwithLizziefirst.”(haste)10)The____________ofgettingalltheanswerscorrectisonlyaboutoneinten.(probable)11)Teachersmustbefreetoexercisetheir____________judgment.(profession)12)This_____________bookisoneofthemostthought-provokingthatI’veeverread.(challenge)13)She’srather____________aboutherfamilybackground—whenyouaskheraboutit,shenevergivesyouadirectanswer.(defend)14)Hehasaveryoutgoing___________andmakesfriendseasily.(personal)2.Directions:Fillintheblankswithanappropriatephrasefromthebox.Changetheformifnecessary.seizeonresorttoeverysooftenincaseleadtoinrealityatstaketakestockoftalkoverstartover1)Ihavegotthekey______________wewanttogoinside.2)______________,shespendsaweekendinLondon.3)Hispunishing(累人的)workschedulehadmadehim______________drugs.4)Let’s______________theproblemwithourteacher.5)Maybewecanforgetwhathashappenedand______________.6)Theywereclaimingrecordprofitswhen,______________,thecompanywasclosetobankruptcy.7)Ifwelosethecontract,hundredsofjobsare______________.8)He______________thesuggestionasawayofgettingoutofhisfinancialdifficulties.9)Thebankhasofferedarewardforanyinformation______________thearrestoftheman.10)Aftertwoyearsspentteachingabroad,shereturnedhomeforamonthto______________herlife.3.Directions:Fillinthefollowingblankswithappropriatewordschosenfromthelistprovided.CpleteholdtechnicalpromotewayeducatebothprovidesuchneededwhentoearlyhireupwhoprogramopportunityThereareseveralwaysofenteringmostoccupations.Apathwaytomanyskilledtradesisthroughapprenticeship(學(xué)徒身份)programs.Eachyearsome270,000personsareinapprenticeship1)________inthiscountry,andsome60,000completethetwo-to-five-yearprograms.Another2)________toentermanyoccupationsistoentertradeor3)________schools.Manycommunitieshavesuchschools,andtheyoffer4)________short-term(lessthantwoweeks)andlong-term(twoyearsorlonger)programs. Anotherpathwaytosomeoccupationsisthetraining5)________byindustryorgovernment.Somecompaniesselectyoungpeoplefortraining6)________theybelievewillstaywiththecompanyforalongtime.Automobilecompanies,airlines,andpublicutilities(公用事業(yè)單位),7)________asgasandelectriccompanies,areexamples.Ingovernmentprogramsyoungpeoplecanlearnskills8)________foremployment.Themilitaryservicealsoprovidestraining9)________thathelpsomeindividuals10)________theycometoenterthecivilianworkforce. Otherpathways11)________occupationsarethejunio