動詞及動詞詞組辨析動詞及動詞詞組辨析動詞及動詞詞組辨析V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考動詞及動詞詞組辨析日期：20xx年X月動詞和動詞詞組辨析上海市風(fēng)華初級中學(xué)沈潔第一部分知識點(diǎn)梳理動詞辨析borrow;lend;keepborrow借入（不能與延續(xù)性時(shí)間狀語連用）常用于borrowsth.fromsb.IborrowedapenfromMaryyesterday.lend借出（不能與延續(xù)性時(shí)間狀語連用）常用于lendsb.sth.或lendsth.tosb.WouldyoulendyourMP4tomekeep保存，保留（引申為“借用”）能和表示時(shí)間段的時(shí)間狀語及howlong等連用HowlongmayIkeepthisdictionarycost;pay;spend;take(形式)主語謂語賓語補(bǔ)語人spendTimeormoneyonsth./(in)doingsth.物或事costmoney事taketimeormoney人paymoneyJane______muchmoneyonpets.ThisTVset______memuchmoney.It______metenminutestogotothepostoffice.We’ll______youinafewdays.carry;fetch;take;bringbring某人從某地帶來某物carry某人保持拿某物的狀態(tài)fetch某人往返一趟取得某物take某人將某物從某地拿走She______herbabyinherarms._____therubbishaway.Rememberto______meanumbrella.Goand_______thedictionary.invent;discover;createinvent通過想象或?qū)嶒?yàn)創(chuàng)造出以前不存在的東西Bellinventedthetelephonein1876.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)早已存在，只是一直未被人發(fā)現(xiàn)或知道的東西Shediscoveredthedogunderthedog.create通過想象創(chuàng)造出新的人物形象或戲劇角色Hecreatedmanyfamouscharacters.memorize;rememberremember指一件事或印象是在記憶中，多想想可以想得出Hellencouldnotrememberwhenshehadbeensohappy.memorize有意識地去“默記”或“熟記”以留下印象MyEnglishteacheraskedustomemorizethesenewwords.raise;riseraise舉起，提起，增加（及物動詞）Tomraisedhisarmsabovehishead.rise人或物從低處向高處上升，數(shù)量增加（不及物動詞）Look,thesunisrising.lookat;see;watchwatch觀看某個(gè)正在或?qū)⒁l(fā)生、移動或變化的事物或事件等HeiswatchingTV.see看見某物（強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果）Itwassodarkhecouldhardlysee.lookat用視線投注在某物上（強(qiáng)調(diào)行為）Studentsarelookingattheteacher.steal;robsteal暗中偷竊別人錢財(cái)（常用stealsth.fromsb.）Mybikehasbeenstolen.rob用暴力搶劫別人財(cái)物(常用robsb.ofsth.)Shewasrobbedofherring.say;speak;tell;talksay說（著重于所說的話。作及物動詞時(shí)，后接名詞、代詞、動詞不定式等或that/wh-從句作賓語）Hispassportsaysheis29.speak說（著重開口發(fā)出的聲音。多作不及物動詞，如作及物動詞，后接languages）IwassosurprisedthatIcouldnotspeak.tell告訴，講給別人聽Tellyouthetruth.talk多作連續(xù)性的說話和交談Theyaretalkingbusiness.damage;hurtdamage常指車輛、房屋、莊稼等無生命物體受損或毀壞而失掉其價(jià)值、用途或外表Hiscarwasdamagedinanaccident.hurt指肉體上的傷害，也可指精神上的傷害Hehurthisbackwhenhefell.accept;receiveaccept接受（表示接受者經(jīng)過考慮，愿意接受）Iacceptedtheinvitation.receive收到（強(qiáng)調(diào)行為本身，不涉及收受者是否接受）Ireceivedaninvitation.YesterdayI_____aletter______Mary.Idid________hisinvitationbutIdidn’t_______it.arrive;get;reacharrive到達(dá)（不及物動詞，后面跟地點(diǎn)時(shí)，必須加介詞in或at）Iarrivedatbusstop.get到達(dá)（后接名詞要加to;表示到家用gethome）Whendidyougethomeyesterdayeveningreach到達(dá)（及物動詞，后面直接跟表地點(diǎn)的名詞）TheyreachedLosAngelesonSaturday.動詞詞組辨析join;takepartin;attendjoin加入組織Tomjoinedthearmywhenhewas18.takepartin參加活動Healwaystakespartinoutdooractivities.attend出席Heattendedameeting.bemadeof;bemadeupofbemadeof由…制成（在成品中可看見原料）Thetableismadeofwood.bemadeupof由…組成（指各個(gè)部分組成整體）Thebridgemodelismadeupofmanypiecesofpaper.beusedto;usedtobeusedto(現(xiàn)在)習(xí)慣（beusedtosth./doingsth.）I’musedtoworkingwithhimnow.usedto過去常常做某事（usedtodo）Myfatherusedtosmoke.happen;takeplacehappen（當(dāng)主語為”事”）發(fā)生happentosb.；（當(dāng)主語為”人”）碰巧happentodoWhendidtheearthquakehappenHehappenedtoknowtheplace.takeplace發(fā)生（指事先計(jì)劃或預(yù)想到）；舉行某種活動Themeetingtookplaceat8:00asplanned.7.lookfor;findout;findlookfor尋找（強(qiáng)調(diào)行動）Kittyislookingforherdog.find找到（強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果）Ican’tfindmycarkey.findout查明（具體事因，真相等）Hewantedtofindoutwhattheproblemwas.其他(1)looklookafter 照看，照料 lookat看 lookforwardtodoingsth.期待著looklike 看上去像 lookout注意留神 lookup查尋，抬頭看putputoff延期 puton穿，戴上，上演 putout撲滅 putup舉起，掛起taketakealook看一看 takeamessageforsb.給某人捎個(gè)口信takeup開始從事takeaway拿走 takeone’sadvice聽從某人勸告 takechargeof負(fù)責(zé)，管理takeholdof抓住 takenotes記筆記 takeoff脫掉（衣服）起飛takecareof照料 takeout取出 takeanunderground(train)乘地鐵turnturnup/down (把音量等)調(diào)高、調(diào)低 turnon/off開、關(guān)掉（電燈、電視、收音機(jī)等）turnout結(jié)果是，證明是 turnover翻（車、頁），翻身 turninto變成 getgetalong/on(with)進(jìn)展，與---相處 getback返回 getup起床geton/off上、下車 getreadyfor為---準(zhǔn)備 getridof擺脫gettiredof對---感到厭倦 getto到達(dá) getintothehabitof養(yǎng)成---的習(xí)慣makemakeadecision作出決定 makeafilm拍電影 makeafire生火makealiving謀生 makeamistake犯錯(cuò)誤 makeanoise弄出聲makefriendswith與---交朋友 makefunof拿---開玩笑 makemoney賺錢makeprogress 取得進(jìn)步 makethebed整理床鋪makeupone’smind下決心gogoahead 向前走，去吧 goforaswim去游泳 goshopping去購物gohome 回家 goon繼續(xù) goonadiet實(shí)行節(jié)食goonapicnic 去野餐 goonwith/doingsth.繼續(xù)做某事 goout熄滅goover復(fù)習(xí) gosightseeing去觀光 gowrong出錯(cuò)gotobed 就寢 gotocollege上大學(xué) gotoschool上學(xué)gotosleep入睡 gotothecinema/movie(s)看電影goto(the)hospital去醫(yī)院（看?。﹌eepkeepadiary記日記 keepfit保持健康 keep---from使---免于keepintouch(with) 保持聯(lián)系 keepoff阻擋，不讓---接近 keepquiet保持安靜keepsb.busy讓某人忙不停 keepdoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事四、其他（2）askfor請求 carefor照顧、喜歡 getreadyfor準(zhǔn)備leavefor動身去 lookfor尋找 payfor付錢preparefor準(zhǔn)備 searchfor搜查 waitfor等待2.awayrunaway逃跑 throwaway扔掉 takeaway拿走thinkof想起 getridof擺脫 gettiredof對---感到厭倦hearof聽說 runoutof用完、耗盡 takeholdof抓住takechargeof負(fù)責(zé)、管理dieof因—病而死 dreamof夢想hearfrom收信 learnfrom從---學(xué)到 keepfrom阻止，使---免于protectfrom保護(hù)—免受 preventfrom妨礙、阻止某人做某事 stopfrom阻止---做tellfrom 區(qū)分、辨別 comefrom來自offgetoff下車 keepoff阻擋，不讓---接近 putoff延期see---off送行 showoff炫耀withcommunicatewith與---交流 dealwith處理beconnectedto/with與---連接 keepintouchwith與---保持聯(lián)系makefriendswith與---交朋友 playwith與---一起玩sharewith分享 talkwith/tosb.與---談話ondependon依賴、依靠 comeon快，跟我來 geton上車goon繼續(xù) holdon等一等（別掛電話） liveon靠---生playatrickon作弄 puton穿，戴上，上演 relyon依靠tryon試穿 turnon打開updressup穿著打扮 lookup查尋，抬頭看 wakeup醒來，叫醒growup 成長 putup舉起、掛起 takeup開始從事pickup拾起 shupup住口 stayup熬夜outpickout 挑選出 pointout指出 putout撲滅sellout售完 takeout取出 turnout結(jié)果是、證明是workout做出、算出 findout查明真相 goout熄滅lookout注意、留神第二部分練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)Choosethebestanswer()isthekindofpersonwhompeopleliketomake______.Afriendwith Bfriendsof Cfriends Dfriendswith()2.Howlonghavethey_______thecomputerAbought Bhad Cborrowed Dsold()’srainingheavilyoutside.Rememberto_______theraincoattohimwhenyougothere.Abring Btake Ccarry Dbuy()littleboycan______thetopoftheshelf.Agetto Barriveat Creach Dreceive()_______thesedogsathomewhentheSmithsareabroad.Alooksup Blooksfor Clooksafter Dlooksin()can______waterintoiceorsteam.Aturnto Bturn Cturnoff Dturnon()7.Theplane______herefortenminutesalready.Ahascome Bhasbeen Chasbeento Dhasstopped()8.Thoughthechildisveryyoung,hecanalready_______thetime.Atalk Bsay Cread Dtell()’sunnecessaryforusto________somuchmoneyontheseuselessbooks.Acost Bspend Ctake Dpay()10.Haveyou_______whotookawaymykeyAfound Bfoundout Clookedfor Dgot()______livinginthecountrysidetothecity.Alikes Bprefers Cenjoys Dloves()12.Theearthisourhome.Wemust______theland,airandwaterclean.Achange Bshare Cnotice Dkeep()girlsenjoy______skirtsinspring.Awearing Bdressing Cputtingon Dhaving()I_______yourdictionary ----Ofcourse.Butyoumustn’t_______ittoothers.Aborrow,lend Bborrow,borrow Clend,borrow Dlend,lend拓展練習(xí)()1.JudylikesChinesepaintingandshe______thehobbygroupatschool.Ahastakenpartin BhasjoinedChasattended Dhascomeinto()2.Hecould_______neitherFrenchnorGerman,soI_____withhiminEnglish.Aspeak,talked Btalk,told Csay,spoke Dtell,talked()3.Idon’tknowSam’stelephonenumber.Willyouplease_____inyouraddressbookformeAlookupit Blookitup Clookforit Dlookatit()areverysadandangrytohearthatthebadmilkpowder_____thedeathofover30babies.Amade Bdid Cbrought Dcaused()5.TheVIPs(VeryImportantPersons)from21countrieswill_____theAPECinShanghaithisautumn.Ahold Btakepartin Cjoin Dattend()magnificenttheBundlooksatnig