住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-對外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

China’slong-runningcampaigntotightenmonetarypolicymayhavealittlemorelifeinitwitheconomistsexpectingthePeople’sBankofChinawillraiseinterestratesatleastonemoretimethisyear,asurveyofeconomistsbyDowJonesNewswiresshowedWednesday.

SixoutofteneconomistspolledsaidtheyexpectedChina’scentralbankwilllikelyraisethebenchmarklendinganddepositratesbyafurther0.25percentagepointeachthisyeartocombathighinflation.Theotherfourforecasterspredictedbetweenoneandtwohikesthroughtheendoftheyear.

ThePeople’sBankofChinaisalsolikelytoraisebanks’reserverequirementratioby50basispointsnextmonth,continuingitspatternofraisingtheratioonceamonthsofarthisyear,accordingtothesurvey.Buteconomistsexpectthepaceofsuchincreasestoslowlaterintheyear.“Withinflationstayingrelativelyhigh,theauthoritiesareunlikelytorelaxpolicytighteningintheshortterm,”ChinaInternationalCapitalCorporationLtd,economistPengWensheng(彭文生)said.

ThelatestinflationdatashowedthatChina’sconsumerpriceindexrose5.3%fromayearearlierinApril,downslightlyfromMarch’s5.4%risebutstillwellabovetheofficialfull-yeartargetofaround4%.ManyeconomistsexpectinflationtopeakinJune.

【答案】道瓊斯通訊社周三對經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，中國長期的貨幣緊縮政策可能會(huì)稍微放寬一點(diǎn)，同吋也有經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家希望中國銀行今年至少再提高一次利率。

十分之六的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家投票支持中國中央銀行在今年將基準(zhǔn)利率和存款利率分別再提高0.25個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，以應(yīng)對高通貨膨脹率。其他四個(gè)預(yù)報(bào)員預(yù)計(jì)在今年年底還會(huì)有一到兩次的提高。

調(diào)查表明，中國銀行將會(huì)延續(xù)其今年一個(gè)月提髙一次比率的態(tài)勢，在下個(gè)月可能將銀行存款準(zhǔn)備進(jìn)率提高50個(gè)基本點(diǎn)。但經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家希望今年這種提高的幅度能夠減緩。中國國際金融有限公司的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家彭文生表示，“在通脹率維持在較高水平的情況下，當(dāng)局不大可能在短期內(nèi)放寬緊縮政策”。

最新的通貨膨脹數(shù)據(jù)顯示，中國的消費(fèi)者物價(jià)指數(shù)從去年四月份開始提髙了5.3個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，相比三月份的5.4個(gè)百分點(diǎn)有所下降，但仍遠(yuǎn)高于官方大約4個(gè)百分點(diǎn)的全年目標(biāo)。許多經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家預(yù)計(jì)通貨膨脹率將在6月份達(dá)到峰值。

2.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese.

It’srainingagain.AsIlieawakeinbed,listeningtothesoundofthoserazor-sharpdropspoundingonthepavement,mymindgoesreelingdowndarkcorridorsteemingwithagonizingflashbacks,andachillfromwithinfillsmewithdread.It’sraining,again.

ItdoesthisyearinSouthernCalifornia;atleastthat’swhattheytoldmelastyearwhenImarveledattherelentlessdeterminationoftherain.Thereseemtobetwoseasonshere.Duringtherainyseason,sometimesthestormsdrenchtheareanonstopfordays.Sometimesthestormscomeandgo.Oftenpropertydamageanddisruptedlivesresult.It’shardtopredicttheintensityofthepatternsfromyeartoyear.Thenthereisthefireseason.Thattakescareofthepropertythatmanagedtosurvivethedeluge,againdisruptinglives.Thedaysconnectingtheseseasonsaremonotonous,withsomesun,somesmogandsomemoresun.ThisisnothinglikebackhomeinColorado.

【答案】又下雨了。我醒著躺在床上，聽著那些犀利的的雨點(diǎn)掉落在人行道上的聲音。我的思緒陷入了黑暗的走廊，充滿了痛苦的回憶，內(nèi)心的寒意讓我充滿恐懼。又在下雨了

加利福尼亞南部，今年也如此。當(dāng)我對雨無情地下個(gè)不停感到驚奇時(shí)，至少，去年他們是這樣告訴我的。這里似乎只有兩個(gè)季節(jié)。在雨季，有時(shí)暴風(fēng)雨連續(xù)幾天不停地浸透這個(gè)地區(qū)。有時(shí)暴風(fēng)雨來去不定。往往造成財(cái)產(chǎn)損失和生活混亂，每年都很難預(yù)測這種模式的強(qiáng)度。然后是火災(zāi)季節(jié)，從洪水中幸存下來的財(cái)物就落到它手里了，再一次擾亂人們的生活。連著這些季節(jié)的日子是單調(diào)的，僅有一些太陽，一些霧和一些更多的太陽。這和回科羅拉多的家完全不同。

3.單選題

Manypeopleseemtothinkthatsciencefictionistypifiedbythecoversofsomeoftheoldpulpmagazines（廉價(jià)并且趣味低級(jí)的雜志）,theBug-EyedMonster,embodyingeverytraitandfeaturethatmostpeoplefindrepulsive,isabouttograb,andpresumablyravish,asweet,blonde,curvaceous,scantilycladEarthgirl.Thisisunfortunatebecauseitdemeansanddegradesaworthwhileandevenimportantliteraryendeavor.Incontrasttothisunwarrantedstereotype,sciencefictionrarelyemphasizessex,andwhenitdoes,itismorediscreetthanothercontemporaryfiction.Instead,thebasicinterestofsciencefictionliesintherelationbetweenmanandhistechnologyandbetweenmanandtheuniverse.Sciencefictionisaliteratureofchangeandaliteratureofthefuture,andwhileitwouldbefoolishtoclaimthatsciencefictionisamajorliterarygenreatthistime,theaspectsofhumanlifethatitconsidersmakeitwellworthreadingandstudyingfornootherliteraryfromdoesquitethesamethings.

Whatissciencefiction?Tobegin,thefollowingdefinitionshouldbehelpful:sciencefictionisaliterarysubgenrewhichpostulatesachange(forhumanbeings)fromconditionsasweknowthemandfollowstheimplicationsofthesechangestoaconclusion.Althoughthisdefinitionwillnecessarilybemodifiedandexpanded,itcoversmuchofthebasicgroundworkandprovidesapointofdeparture.

Thefirstpoint—thatsciencefictionisaliterarysubgenre—isaveryimportantone,butonewhichisoftenoverlookedorignoredinmostdiscussionsofsciencefiction.Specifically,sciencefictioniseitherashortstoryoranovel.Thereareonlyafewdramaswhichcouldbecalledsciencefiction,withKarelCapek’sRUR(Rossum’sUniversalRobots)beingtheonlyonethatiswellknown,thebodyofpoetrythatmightbelabeledsciencefictionisonlyslightlylarger.Tosaythatsciencefictionisasubgenreofprosefictionistosaythatithasallthebasiccharacteristicsandservesthesamebasicfunctionsinmuchthesamewayasprosefictioningeneral,thatis,itsharesagreatdealwithallothernovelsandshortstories.

Everythingthatcanbesaidaboutprosefiction,ingeneral,appliestosciencefiction.Everypieceofsciencefiction,whethershortstoryornovel,musthaveanarrator,astory,aplot,asetting,characters,language,andtheme.Andlikeanyprose,thethemesofsciencefictionareconcernedwithinterpretingman’snatureandexperienceinrelationtotheworldaroundhim.Themesinsciencefictionareconstructedandpresentedinexactlythesamewaysthatthemesaredealtwithinanyotherkindoffiction.Theyaretheresultofaparticularcombinationofnarrator,story,plot,character,setting,andlanguage.Inshort,thereasonsforreadingandenjoyingsciencefiction,andthewaysofstudyingandanalyzingit,arebasicallythesameastheywouldbeforanyotherstoryornovel.

1.Sciencefictioniscalledaliterarysubgenrebecause（

）.

2.Thefinalsentenceinthepassageimpliesthat

（

）.

3.Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthatpeoplereadsciencefictionespeciallyfor

（

）.

4.Anappropriatetitleforthispassagewouldbe

（

）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,thepopularimageofsciencefictionis（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.itisnotimportantenoughtobealiteraiygenre.

B.itcannotbemadeintoadramaticpresentation.

C.itsharescharacteristicswithothertypesofprosefiction.

D.tocallita“genre”wouldsubjectittoliteraryjargon.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thereadershouldturnnexttocommentariesongeneralfiction.

B.Thereisnoreasonforanyreadernottolikesciencefiction.

C.Thereadershouldcompareothernovelsandstoriestosciencefiction.

D.Thosewhocanappreciateprosefictioncanappreciatesciencefiction.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thediscoveryofmeaning

B.thebeautyoflanguage

C.thedisplayofcharacter

D.thepsychologicalcomplexity

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.OntheInaccuraciesofPulpMagazines

B.TowardaDefinitionofScienceFiction

C.ATypeofProseFiction.

D.BeyondtheBug-EyedMonster.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.prejudiced

B.impartial

C.worthy

D.admiring

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Tosaythatsciencefictionisasubgenreofprosefictionistosaythatithasallthebasiccharacteristicsandservesthesamebasicfunctionsinmuchthesamewayasprosefictioningeneral,thatis,itsharesagreatdealwithallothernovelsandshortstories.”可知科幻小說具有其他小說很多相同的特點(diǎn)，因此C選項(xiàng)“它與其他類型的散文小說有著共同的特點(diǎn)”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Inshort,thereasonsforreadingandenjoyingsciencefiction,andthewaysofstudyingandanalyzingit,arebasicallythesameastheywouldbeforanyotherstoryornovel.”總之，閱讀、欣賞科幻小說和任何其它故事或小說的原因以及研究和分析它們的方法基本上是同樣的，可推測出能欣賞散文小說的那些人也能欣賞科幻小說，因?yàn)殚喿x它們的方法基本一樣，因此選D。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Andlikeanyprose,thethemesofsciencefictionareconcernedwithinterpretingman’snatureandexperienceinrelationtotheworldaroundhim.”

此外，與任何散文一樣，科幻小說的主題關(guān)注于解釋人類的本性以及人類與自身周圍世界有關(guān)的經(jīng)歷。因此A選項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)意義”符合題意。

4.主旨大意題。文章主要講述了科幻小說的定義，并介紹了它的特點(diǎn)、主題以及與其他文學(xué)作品的相同點(diǎn)，因此選B。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Manypeopleseemtothinkthatsciencefictionistypifiedbythecoversofsomeoftheoldpulpmagazines...Thisisunfortunatebecauseitdemeansanddegradesaworthwhileandevenimportantliteraryendeavor.”許多人似乎認(rèn)為科幻小說的典型代表是一些廉價(jià)并且趣味低級(jí)的雜志的封面……這是不幸的，因?yàn)樗H低了一個(gè)有價(jià)值甚至重要的文學(xué)努力?？芍髡哒J(rèn)為人們對科幻小說的流行形象是有世俗偏見的，因此選A。

4.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

不列顛的超市業(yè)主們很少如此心懷忐忑地期待著圣誕節(jié)的銷售業(yè)績。在2014年，大部分超市，特別是樂購(TESCO)這個(gè)市場領(lǐng)頭羊，過得很艱難。超低折扣商鋪，持續(xù)挖它們的墻角，侵吞他們的市場份額，而下降的食物價(jià)格也使得超市的利潤率降低。臨近圣誕節(jié)和新年的幾周通常是超市的旺盛銷售時(shí)期，它們在此期間能否喘一口氣？

涂鴉畫可能最終會(huì)消失。但是直至現(xiàn)在，這種愛好仍然受到人們的尊敬。一位涂鴉畫家說，他有很多朋友曾經(jīng)癡迷于在火車車皮廂上作畫。現(xiàn)在有了妻兒，他們只有周末去廢棄的倉庫墻上大展身手。這己經(jīng)成了周日下午的慣例——一種比坐在電視機(jī)前看足球略微健康的消遣。

【答案】RarelyhavetheChristmasresultsforBritain'ssupermarketsbeenawaitedwithsuchtrepidation.Mostofthem,especiallythemarketleader,TESCO,struggledin2014.Thehard-discountstorescontinuedtoundercutthem,gobblingupmarketshare,whilefallingfoodpricesateintotheirprofits.WouldtheseveralweeksleadinguptoChristmasandNewYear'sDay,generallythestrongestsalesperiod,bringthemsomerelief?

Graffitimayeventuallydisappear.Butuntilnowthishobbyisstillrespectedbypeople.Onegraffitiartistsaysthathehasalotoffriendswhowereonceobsessedwithpaintingonthesurfaceoftraincompartment.Nowwithwivesandchildren,theyonlyhavetimeattheweekendtopaintonthewallsofabandonedwarehouses.IthasbecomesomethingtodoonaSundayafternoon—aslightlyhealthieralternativetosittingwatchingthefootball.

5.單選題

Becausetheywereunawareofhisinterestsinthebuilding,theydidnotunderstandwhyhe

AB

feltsobad.

CD

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unawareof

B.interests

C.felt

D.sobad

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。interest意為“興趣”時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞。

試題答案：B;interestin

6.問答題

The(A)fantasticachievementsofmoderntechnologyandthespeed(B)withwhichscientificdiscoveriesare(C)translatedintotechnologicalapplications(D)attesttothetriumphofhumanefforts.

【答案】B；“with”改為“at”。

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的驚人成就和科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)化為技術(shù)應(yīng)用的速度證明了人類努力的勝利。句中“withwhich”引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞“speed”，因?yàn)橛泄潭ù钆洹癮tthespeed”表示“以……的速度”，所以將B項(xiàng)的介詞“with”改為“at”。

7.問答題

Eachyear,afewso-calledtopdesignersinParisandLondonlaydownonthelawand

A

womenaroundtheworldruntoobey.Thedecreesofthedesignersareunpredictableand

B

dictatorial.Sometimetheydecidearbitrarily,thatskirtswillbeshortandwaistswillbehigh;

C

zipsareinandbuttonsareout.

D

【答案】試題答案：A;去掉on

【解析】考查固定搭配。laydown意為“制定”，介詞on在此處是多余的。

8.單選題

Contrarytotheopinionofthecommitteemembers,thechairmaninsistedonappointing

A

B

whomeverhethoughtcoulddothejobthemostadequately.

C

D

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Contraryto

B.on

C.whomever

D.themostadequately

【答案】C

【解析】考查關(guān)系代詞。句中的“hethough”可以看做是一個(gè)插入語，從句中缺少主語，因此用whoever引導(dǎo)賓語從句。

試題答案：C;whoever

9.單選題

Everycountrywithamonetarysystemofitsownhastohavesomekindofmarketwhich

A

B

C

dealersinbills,notesandotherformsofshort-termcreditcanbuyandsell.

D

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ofitsown

B.somekind

C.which

D.short-termcredit

【答案】C

【解析】考查介詞搭配。原句應(yīng)為dealerscanbuyandsellin，需要將介詞in提前，由“in+which”引導(dǎo)定語從句。

試題答案：C;inwhich

10.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

Notlongagosocialmediaheldoutthepromiseofamoreenlightenedpolitics,asaccurateinformationandeffortlesscommunicationhelpedgoodpeopledriveoutcorruption,bigotry(偏執(zhí))andlies.YetFacebookacknowledgedthatbeforeandafter2016Americanpresidentialelection,146millionusersmayhaveseenRussianmisinformationonitsplatform.Farfrombringingenlightenment,socialmediahavebeenspreadingpoison.And,becauseofhowtheywork,theywieldextraordinaryinfluence.Theymaketheirmoneybyputtingphotos,personalposts,newsstoriesandadsinfrontofyou.Theycollectdataaboutyouinordertohavealgorithms(計(jì)算程序)todeterminewhatwillcatchyoureye,inan“attentioneconomy”thatkeepsusersscrolling,clickingandsharingagainandagainandagain.EveryonewhohasscrolledthroughFacebookknowsthat,insteadofimpartingwisdom,thesystemdishesoutcompulsivestuffthattendstoreinforcepeople’sbiases.

【答案】不久前，隨著精準(zhǔn)的信息和毫不費(fèi)力的交流幫助好人挖出了腐敗、趕走了偏執(zhí)，擊敗了謊言，社會(huì)媒體展示了一個(gè)更加開明的政治的前景。然而，F(xiàn)acebook承認(rèn)，在2016年美國總統(tǒng)大選前后，1.46億用戶可能在其平臺(tái)上看到了俄羅斯的虛假信息。社交媒體非但沒有帶來啟迪，反而在傳播毒藥。而且，由于他們的工作方式，他們具有非凡的影響力。他們通過在你面前放照片、個(gè)人帖子、新聞故事和廣告來賺錢。他們收集關(guān)于你的數(shù)據(jù)，以便在一個(gè)讓用戶不斷滾動(dòng)、點(diǎn)擊和分享的“注意力經(jīng)濟(jì)”中，有算法來決定什么會(huì)吸引你的眼球。每個(gè)瀏覽過Facebook的人都知道，這個(gè)系統(tǒng)并沒有傳授智慧，而是發(fā)布一些強(qiáng)迫性的東西，這些東西往往會(huì)強(qiáng)化人們的偏見。

11.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.

1.Theideawasapowerfulvariableinexplainingwhysomecountriesfaredfarbetterthanothers:topromoteincomegrowthovermanyyears,heavyinvestmentinschoolingwasnecessary.Andithelpedexplaintheshrinkageoffamiliesinwealthycountries:ifincreasingvalueisplacedonhumancapital,parentsmustinvestmoreineachchild,makinglargefamiliescostly.ManycriticsbristledatBecker’smarket-drivenlogic,whichseemedtoreducepeopletocold,calculatingmachine.

2.Whichisit?Thehomeoffreespeech,theruleoflawandtherichworld’smostdynamiceconomy?Oralandofsocialdecay,septicpoliticsandtherichworld’sworstroadsandschools?Americadividesforeignobserves.Itdividesforeignfirms,too.Somebossesfallheadoverheelsforitsinsatiableconsumersanddazzlingtechnology.Otherexecutivesareputoffbyitsinsufferablelawyersandhypocriticalprotectionism.DonaldTrumppromisestogiveforeignfirmsarudeawakeningwhenhereachestheWhiteHouse:lastmonthhebeatupToyotaformakingcarsinMexicoandsellingthemnorthoftheborder.ButintruthmanyforeignfirmsfelloutoflovewithAmericayearsago.

【答案】1.在解釋為何一些國家比其他國家過得好得多時(shí)，這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的變量：對教育進(jìn)行大量的投資是有必要的，為了促進(jìn)多年來的收入增長。而且該觀點(diǎn)也有助于解釋富裕國家里的家庭規(guī)?？s小的原因：如果人力資本的價(jià)值不斷増加，那么父母就必須要為在每個(gè)孩子身上投入更多，而這會(huì)使得大家庭的成本更大。許多批評(píng)者對貝克爾的市場驅(qū)動(dòng)邏輯感到憤怒，該邏輯似乎讓人變得冷漠、精于計(jì)算。

2.美國屬于哪一種呢？是言論自由、法治之地、富裕世界中最具活力的經(jīng)濟(jì)體？還是社會(huì)墮落、政治腐敗、道路和學(xué)校狀況都是發(fā)達(dá)國家中最糟糕的國家？外國觀察家對美國的情況看法不一。外國公司也同樣如此。一些老板為其無法滿足的消費(fèi)者和眼花繚亂的技術(shù)而神魂顛倒。其他高管則對其令人難以忍受的律師和虛偽的保護(hù)主義而感到厭惡。唐納德?特朗普承諾當(dāng)他入主白宮后，會(huì)讓外國公司如夢初醒：上個(gè)月，他嚴(yán)厲譴責(zé)了豐田在墨西哥生產(chǎn)汽車并向美國北部銷售的行為。但事實(shí)上，許多外國公司在多年前就失去了對美國的興趣了。

12.單選題

AnneWhitney,asophomore（大學(xué)二年級(jí)學(xué)生）atColoradoStateUniversity,firsthadaproblemtakingtestswhenshebegancollege.“Iwasalwayswellpreparedformytests.SometimesIstudiedforweeksbeforeatest.YetIwouldgointotakethetest,onlytofindIcouldnotanswerthequestionscorrectly.Iwouldblankoutbecauseofnervousnessandfear.Icouldn’tthinkoftheanswer.MylowgradesonthetestsdidnotshowwhatIknewtotheteacher.”Anotherstudentinbiologyhadsimilarexperiences.Hesaid,“Myfirstchemistrytestwasverydifficult.Then,onthesecondtest,Isatdowntotakeit,andIwassonervousthatIwasshaking.Myhandsweremovingupanddownsoquicklythatitwashardtoholdmypencil.IknewthematerialandIknewtheanswers.YetIcouldn’tevenwritethemdown!”

Thesetwoyoungstudentswereexperiencingsomethingcalledtestanxiety.Becauseastudentworriesandisuneasyaboutatest,hisorherminddoesnotworkaswellasitusuallydoes.Thestudentcannotwriteorthinkclearlybecauseoftheextremetensionandnervousness.Althoughpoorgradesareoftenaresultofpoorstudyhabits,sometimestextanxietycausesthelowgrades.Recently,testanxietyhasbeenrecognizedasarealproblem,notjustanexcuseorafalseexplanationoflazystudents.

Specialuniversityadvisingcoursestrytohelpstudents.Inthesecourses,advisorstrytohelpstudentsbyteachingthemhowtomanagetestanxiety.Atsomeuniversities,studentstaketeststomeasuretheiranxiety.Ifthetestsshowtheiranxietyishigh,thestudentscantakeshortcoursestohelpthemdealwiththeirtensions.Thesecoursesteachstudentshowtorelaxtheirbodies.Studentsaretrainedtobecomecalminverytensesituations.Bycontrollingtheirnervousness,theycanlettheirmindsworkatease.Learnedinformationthencomesoutwithoutdifficultyonatest.

AnexpertattheUniversityofCaliforniaexplains,“Withalmostallstudents,relaxationandlessstressarefeltaftertakingourprogram.Mostofthemexperiencebettercontrolduringtheirtests.Almostallhavesomeimprovement.Withsome,theimprovementisverygreat.”

1.To“blankout”isprobably（

）.

2.Poorgradesareusuallytheresultof

（

）.

3.Testanxietyhasbeenrecognizedas

（

）.

4.Todealwiththisproblem,studentsatsomeuniversitieswould

（

）.

5.AUniversityofCaliforniaadvisorsaid（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobelikeablanket

B.tobesureofananswer

C.tobeunabletothinkclearly

D.toshowknowledgetotheteacher

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.poorsleepinghabit

B.laziness

C.lackofsleep

D.inabilitytofromgoodstudyhabits

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.anexcuseforlaziness

B.theresultofpoorstudyhabits

C.arealproblem

D.somethingthatcannotbechanged

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.takeashortcourseonanxiety

B.readaboutanxiety

C.taketeststoevaluatetheiranxiety

D.taketeststoprovetheyarenotanxious

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.allstudentscouldovercometheanxietyaftertakingaspecialtestanxietyprogram

B.almostallstudentsfeltlessstressaftertakingaUniversityofCaliforniaadvisingcourse

C.studentsfounditdifficulttoimproveeventhoughtheyhadtakenaspecialtestanxietycourse

D.studentsfounditeasytorelaxassoonastheyenteredaUniversityofCaliforniaadvisingcourse.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.詞義題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“onlytofindIcouldnotanswerthequestionscorrectly.Iwouldblankoutbecauseofnervousnessandfear.Icouldn’tthinkoftheanswer.”卻發(fā)現(xiàn)我不能正確回答這些問題。我……因?yàn)榫o張和恐懼，我無法想到答案?？赏茰y此處指頭腦一片空白，不能正常思考，因此C選項(xiàng)“不能清楚地思考”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Althoughpoorgradesareoftenaresultofpoorstudyhabits”盡管成績不好往往是不良的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣導(dǎo)致的，可知D選項(xiàng)“無法養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Recently,testanxietyhasbeenrecognizedasarealproblem,notjustanexcuseorafalseexplanationoflazystudents.”可知考試焦慮已被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)真實(shí)存在的問題，因此選C。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Atsomeuniversities,studentstaketeststomeasuretheir

anxiety.Ifthetestsshowtheiranxietyishigh,thestudentscantakeshortcoursestohelpthemdealwiththeirtensions.”在一些大學(xué)里，學(xué)生通過考試來測量他們焦慮，如果考試顯示他們的焦慮程度很高，學(xué)生可以參加短期課程，幫助他們應(yīng)對自身的緊張，因此選A。注意題干問的是處理焦慮問題的方法，C選項(xiàng)不符題意，參加測試評(píng)估焦慮的目的是刪選需要參加課程的學(xué)生。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Withalmostallstudents,relaxationandlessstressarefeltaftertakingourprogram.”幾乎所有的學(xué)生在參加我們的課程后都能感受到放松和較少的壓力，因此B選項(xiàng)“在參加一個(gè)加州大學(xué)建議課程后，幾乎所有學(xué)生都感到較少的壓力”符合題意。

13.問答題

CharlesDarwin’s“OntheOriginofSpecies”iscreditedwithsparkingevolution’srevolution

A

inscientificthought,butmanyobservershadponderedevolutionbeforehim.Itwasunderstood

B

theidea’ssignificanceandsellingittothepublicthatmadeDarwingreat,accordingtotheArnold

C

D

Arboretum’snewdirector.

【答案】試題答案：B;understanding

【解析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。understood一般用于beunderstoodas（被理解為），understanding意為“理解的”。

14.問答題

SincetheUnitedStatesmaintaineditsdubiousdistinctionofhavingthehighestdivorceratein

A

B

theworld,thetemporarydeclineindivorcedidnotoccurtothesameextentinEurope.Contrary

C

tofearsoftheexperts,theroleofbreadwinnerandhomemakerwasnotabandoned.

D

【答案】試題答案：A;Although/While

【解析】考查連詞。由“theUnitedStatesmaintaineditsdubiousdistinctionofhavingthehighestdivorcerateintheworld（美國的離婚率仍然是世界上最高的，這一點(diǎn)令人懷疑）”和“thetemporarydeclineindivorcedidnotoccurtothesameextentinEurope（在歐洲，離婚率的暫時(shí)下降并沒有達(dá)到同樣的程度）”可知此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用although或while。

15.單選題

“Howmanyofyouhavebeenangryatleastoncetoday?”askedtheconductorofananger-managementseminar.AccordingtoanarticleinTheNewYorkTimes,mostofthoseintheroomraisedtheirhands.“Thefactis,”theseminarleadercontinued,“peoplegetangryatanaverageof10to14timesaday.Butangerisespeciallyendemictowork.Ifyouhaveajob,you’reguaranteedtogetangry.”

Upwouldhavegonemyhand,hadIbeenintheroomandheardthatlastremark.AndIwouldhaverespectfullydisagreed.

Althoughsomestatisticsindicatethatthenumberofon-the-jobflare-upshasincreasedinrecentyears,toholdontothenotionthatworkplaceangeristhereforeguaranteediscounterproductive.Itleavesonewiththeimpressionthatanyeffortstoremaineven-temperedatworkare,atbest,onlyabandit.

Anger-managementexpertsdoofferafewcommon-senseguidelinestominimizework-relatedanger:don’tletitfaster;don’tlookforsnubsinwhatarepurelyinnocentincidents;don’tgetcaughtupinotherpeople’sgripes;ifyoustarttolosecontrol,takeabreak.

Iwouldadd,pray.

Insteadofsittingtherefumingoversomeencounter,whynotusethetimetolistenforGod’sthoughts,hismessagestoyou?Tobesure,theywillsnuffouttheheatofangerandbringcalmness,clarity,andhealing.“ForIknowthethoughtsthatIthinktowardyou,thoughtsofpeace,andnotofevil,togiveyouanexpectedend.”

Betterstill,onecanactpreemptivelytopreventavolatileatmosphereonthejob.Agoodstartistoconsiderthatthepeopleweworkwith—whetherit’sthepersonatthedeskacrossfromoursorthepresidentofthecompany—arenotwhatweseeonthesurface.

Ifwetakeitforgrantedthatourcoworkersaresomanyindividualsmerelyofanassortmentofphysicalandemotionalcharacteristics,thenouroverallexpectationsonthejob,aswellasourconcernforthewell-beingofthoseweworkwith,arelimited.Butourtruenatureisn’tthesumofmaterialandsometimesfieryemotionalelements.EachoneofusisGod’schild.Everyone’strueselfhoodcomesfromthisonesource—God,divineSpirit—andisthereforepurelygoodandspiritual.

“Man(includingwoman)istheoffspring,notofthelowest,butofthehighestqualitiesofMind,”wroteMaryBakerEddy,theauthorofScienceandHealthwithKeytotheScriptures.ThisdivineMind,orGod,isexpressingineachofusthese“highqualities”asourrealnature,respectfulandloving,andrevealingouractualrelationtooneanotherassonsanddaughtersofGod.

Whatweshouldbecountingonatwork,then,oranywhereelsewherepeoplecomeintocontactwithoneanother,isanatmosphereinwhicheveryonefeelsupheldbyGod’sthoughtsofpeace.Inthisatmosphere,solidrelationshipsdevelopandsolutionsappeareveninsituationswhereitwasbelievedthatnonewerepossible.

So,insteadofbracingforashowdownwithafellowworker,youcanarriveatworkfilledwiththeconvictionthatyouandyourcolleagues,clients,andcustomers,areallinherentlygood-natured—God-natured—theoffspringofatotallylovingcreator.You’recertaintohavehigher-expectations,morecompassion,morepatience.Arealpeacemakerattitude.

Thisisdoingmorethanmanagingwork-relatedanger.Thisishelpingtoeliminatingit.

1.Whatdoesthesentence“Butangerisespeciallyendemictowork”inthe1stparagraphmean?

2.What’sthemeaningofthefirstsentenceinthe2paragraph“Upwouldhavegonemyhand”?

3.Whatguidelinesdotheanger-managementexpertsoffertosubdueworkplaceanger?

4.WhatdoestheauthorofScienceandHealthwithKeytotheScripturestrytoconveytothereadersinthe

book?

5.What’sthemainideaofthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Angerforsurewouldcauseharmtoone’swork.

B.Angerisasinevitableinworkplaceasindisposition(不舒服，微恙)toaperson.

C.Angercanthreatenone’spositioninaworkplace.

D.Angerislikeanindisposition;itisunavoidablebutinsignificant.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Iwouldhaveraisedmyhand.

B.Iwouldhavevetoedtheproposalbyraisingmyhand.

C.Iwouldhavestronglyopposedtotheview.

D.Iwouldhavedisagreedandairedmyownview.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Calmdownandtrytosolvetheproblem.

B.Takeabreathbeforeyoulosecontrol.

C.Divertyourattentiontopleasantthings.

D.Alloftheabove.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.ManiscreatedbyGodwithbenevolentqualities.

B.Humanbeing’srealnatureisasrespectfulasGod.

C.WearealloffspringofGod,andourrelationshipswithothersarethatofbrotherhoodorsisterhood,sothere’snoreasonforconflicts.

D.Alloftheabovepoints.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Weshouldsparenoeffortstoeliminateworkplaceanger.

B.Praycanhelpminimizework-relatedanger.

C.TheChristianatmosphereinwhicheveryonefeelsasequalsonsanddaughtersofGodshouldbeadvocatedtoreduceworkplaceanger.

D.Amongvarioussolutionstoworkplaceanger,resortingtopeacebyvirtueofChristianbeliefismostefficient.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.語義推測題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Butangerisespeciallyendemictowork”定位到文章第一段“…peoplegetangryatanaverageof10to14timesaday.Butangerisespeciallyendemictowork.Ifyouhaveajob,you’reguaranteedtogetangry.”可知人們平均每天會(huì)生氣10到14次。但是生氣在工作中尤其普遍。如果你在工作，你肯定會(huì)生氣?？膳袛喑鰬嵟诠ぷ髦惺遣豢杀苊獾模瑫?huì)令人感到不適。故選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.語義推測題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Upwouldhavegonemyhand”定位到文章第二段“Upwouldhavegonemyhand,hadIbeenintheroomandheardthatlastremark.AndIwouldhaverespectfullydisagreed.”，可知如果我當(dāng)時(shí)在房間里，聽到最后兩句話，我也會(huì)舉起我的手。并且會(huì)尊重性地表達(dá)我的反對意見?？膳袛喑鲎髡邥?huì)舉手表示對這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的贊同。故選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Anger-managementexperts...guidelines”定位到文章第四段“Anger-managementexpertsdoofferafewcommon-senseguidelinestominimizework-relatedanger:don’tletit