/14Heandcolleaguespointoutmethodological（方法的）faultsinsomeofthestudiesthatclaimplantshavebrain-likecommandcenters,animal-likenervecellsandchangingpatternsofelectricitythataresimilartoactivityfoundinanimalbrains.Butbeyondthedebateoverhowthesestudiesareconducted,Taiz'steamarguesthatplantconsciousnessdoesn'tevenmakesensefromanevolutionary（進(jìn)化的）pointofview.Complicatedanimalbrainsadvancedinparttohelpalivingbeingcatchamealandavoidbecomingone,Taizsays.Butplantsarerootedtothegroundandrelyonsunlightforenergy,aninactivelifestylethatdoesn'trequirequickthinkingoroutsmartingapredator（捕食者）ortheenergeticallyexpensivenervoussystemsthatenablethosebehaviors.“Whatusewouldconsciousnessbetoaplant?”Taizasks.Theenergyrequiredtopowerawarenesswouldbetoocostly,andthebenefitfromsuchawarenesstoosmall.Ifaplantworriedandsufferedwhenfacedwithathreat,itwouldbewastingsomuchenergythatitwouldn'thaveanylefttodoanythingaboutthatthreat,Taizsays.Imagineaforestfire."It'sunbearabletoevenconsidertheideathatplantswouldbeconsciousbeingsawareofthefactthatthey'rebeingburnedtoashes,watchingtheyoungtreesdieinfrontofthem,"Taizsays.Thefrighteningsceneillustrates"whatitwouldactuallycostaplanttohaveconsciousness."Furthermore,plantshaveplentytodowithouthavingtobeconscious,too.Withsunlight,carbondioxideandwater,plantscreatethecompounds（化合物）thatsustainmuchoftherestoflifeonEarth,Taizpointsout."Isn'tthatenough?"AccordingtoParagraph1,aplantneurobiologistwouldmostprobablyagreethat.plantsarecapableofindependentthinkingplantsareasbiologicallycomplexasanimalsplantsdevelopednervoussystemsforsurvivalplantsfeelemotionsinthesamewayasanimalsWhatdoestheunderlined"one”inParagraph4referto?Apredator.Ameal.Aninactiveplant.Alivingbeing.WhichstatementdoesLincholTaizbelieve?Plantspossessbrain-likecommandcenters.Thelifestyleofplantsrequiresnervoussystems.Itisunnecessaryforplantstohaveconsciousness.Nervoussystemsenableplantstofighttheirpredators.LincolnTaizintroducesaforestfireto.A.suggestnewwaystostudythebehaviorsofplantsdiscussthepossibilityofplantsescapingadisasterillustratehowplantsmakedecisionsinfaceofdangersproveconsciousnesswoulddoplantsmoreharmthangood第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whydoesrainseemtomakeyousleepy?ThisspringontheeastcoastoftheUS,itfeelslikewe'velosttouchwiththesun.InWashington,DC,14ofthefirst17daysofMaywererainy.(46).Itmeansthatforme,Maryhasbeenoneofthemonthsl'vefeltthesleepiest.Thedullweathercanhitalmostallofoursensesinawaythatgivesasigntousitistimeforasleep.First,there'swhatwesee-orrather,whatwedon't.(47)Whenit'srainingandskiesarecloudy,wemissoutourbody'sinternalalarmclock.AsNaomi,ascientistfromCentralonQueenslandUniversitysaid,whenyoudon'tseethesunlightfirstthinginthemorning,yourbodynevergetsthesignalthatitneedstoshiftintodaytimemode.(48)Plantsproduceoilsduringdryperiods,possiblytostopseedsfromdeveloping.Whenitrains,thewaterbringsouttheoilsandtheymixwithachemicaltocreatea"musky”smell.(49).Additionally,afterathunderstormthere'sachanceyoumaysmellozone(臭氧)，whichisgeneratedwhenlightninginteractswiththeair.Somecompareitssmelltothatofcleanbedsheets.Rainsoundsarealsocomforting.Therhythmicpatternofrainhittingaroof,umbrella,orthegroundbelowiscalled"pinknoise."Pinknoiseisacategoryofbackgroundnoisethathasallofthefrequenciesthathumancanhearandhaslowervolumesathigherfrequencies.Accordingtosomeresearch,itmayimproveourqualityofsleepbydecreasingourbrainactivity.(50)Thedifficultyinwakingup,thefresh,earthyscents,andthepeaceoftheraintappingonwindowsareenoughtomakeanyonewanttogobacktobedfortheday.Sadly,noneofthisevidenceisenoughtojustifydoingso;butitcanatleastexplainwhyyoumayfeelalittlesleepyonthesecloudydays.A.Noisescanmakeusfeelsleepierduringthedaytime.Theothershavebeencloudyanddullforatleastpartoftheday.Thatearthysmellofraincanmakeyoufeelcalmandcomfortable.Itmakesiteasierforustowakeupfromoursleepthenightbefore.SunlightcausesourbodiestostopproducingwhatmakesussleepyatnightAndyou'llalsosmellthatwhenyouareinyourgardenturningoveryoursoilYoucanlistentoanhourofrainonawindowhere,ifyouintendtotestitout第三部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，35分）第一節(jié)（15分）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你的英國好友Jim從書上看到了中國學(xué)生做“課間操”的圖片，向你詢問有關(guān)情況。請你給他回復(fù)郵件，介紹相關(guān)信息，內(nèi)容包括：1）課間操的基本情況（時間、次數(shù)…）；2）你們做課間操的感受。注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于50；開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。提示詞：課間操exercisebetweenclassesDearJim,Yours,LiHua（請務(wù)必將作文寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)）第二節(jié)（20分）

假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。請根據(jù)下面四幅圖的先后順序，為學(xué)校?？坝⒄Z角”投稿，介紹你參加學(xué)?！吧锷鐖F(tuán)”在學(xué)校生物園地種植蔬菜的過程。注意：詞數(shù)不少于60。flAflA請務(wù)必將作文寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)）2020北京西城高三二模英語參考答案第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）1.with2.hadworked/workedwhat4.placing5.easily6.wasspent7.myself8.depth9.called10.While/Although/Though第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）11.B12.A13.C14.A15.B16.D17.C18.B19.A20.C21.D22.C23.D24.A25.C26.B27.A28.B29.D30.D第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）31.B32.C33.C34.A35.D36.A37.B38.D39.A40.C41.D42.A43.B44.C45.D第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）B47.E48.C49.F50.G第三部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，35分）第一節(jié)（15分）OnePossibleVersionDearJim,Howiseverythinggoing?Iamgladtohearfromyou.Inyourletter,youmentionedthephotoyousawinthebook,whereweChinesestudentsaredoing“exercisebetweenclasses”.Learningthatyouwanttoknowwhatitis,Ifeelverypleasedtotellyoumoreaboutit.Asadailyroutine,doingexerciseisanessentialpartofourschoollife,whichisconductedbetweenclasseseveryday.Soitiscalled“exercisebetweenclasses”inChina.Designedespeciallyforprimaryandmiddleschoolstudents,exercisebetweenclassescontainssomebasicmovementslikejumping,moving,running,clapping,andkicking.Usuallywedoitbetweenthesecondandthethirdclassesinthemorning,atthesamepacetothemusic,whichlasts20minutes.AsfarasIamconcerned,itisnecessaryandbeneficialtodoexercisebetweenclasses.Firstofall,asthefamoussayinggoes,"Lifeliesonexercise."Tomaintainphysicalfitnessandoverallhealth,wemustinvolveourselvesinregularsportspractice.What'smore,wecankeepapleasantmoodbydoingexerciseregularly.Besides,byattendingtheexercise,welearnmoreaboutteamworkanddiscipline.Ifyouhaveanyfurtherquestions,justletmeknow.Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（20分）OnePossibleVersionLastweek,I,togetherwithsomeofmyclassmates,participatedinanactivityheldbyourschool'sAssociationofBiologywhosethemewas“PlantingVegetables”,whichprovedtobeanunforgettableandfulfillingexperience.Uponhearingtherelativenewsofthisclub,someofuswerefilledwithgreatcuriosityandimmediatelydecidedtosignupattheplaceofregistration.Wefilledinsomebasicformsandcouldn'twaittodosomethingfantastic.Butbeforethat,attheverybeginning,alloftheparticipantswereinvolvedinalecture,duringwhichourteachertaughtussomeknowledgeandfundamentalskillsabouthowtogetthevegetableswellplanted.Whilehewasexplainingthetheoriespatiently,wewereallabsorbedinitandfinallymasteredthetheoreticalknowle