書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)石油大學(xué)（北京）考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Scarcely______themselvesintheirscatsinthetheatrewhenthecurtainwentup.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.havetheysettled

B.didtheysettle

C.hadtheysettled

D.dotheysettle

【答案】C

【解析】考查倒裝句和時(shí)態(tài)。Scarcely…when…表示“一……就……”，當(dāng)scarcely放于句首的時(shí)候，句子需要倒裝。因?yàn)楹竺鏋檫^(guò)去式，空格處的意思是在升起帷幕之前，人們沒(méi)有就座，應(yīng)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，只有C項(xiàng)符合。句意：在劇院，他們一就座帷幕就升起來(lái)了。故正確答案為C。

2.單選題

Aknockatthedooragain!Itwasthethirdtimesomeone（

）methatevening.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasinterrupted

B.hadinterrupted

C.tohaveinterrupted

D.wouldhaveinterrupted

【答案】B

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。由was和thatevening可知事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去。在某個(gè)時(shí)刻為止已經(jīng)在發(fā)生的事情，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。句意：又有人在敲門，那晚已經(jīng)是第三次有人打擾我了。故B項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgoodmentodonothing.So,asapoliceofficer,Ihavesomeurgentthingstosaytogoodpeople.

DayafterdaymymenandIstruggletoholdbackatidalwaveofcrime.Somethinghasgoneterriblywrongwithouronce—proudAmericanwayoflife.Ithashappenedintheareaofvalues.Akeyingredientisdisappearing,andIthinkIknowwhatitis:accountability.

Accountabilityisn’thardtodefine.Itmeansthateverypersonisresponsibleforhisorheractionsandliablefortheirconsequences.

Ofthemanyvaluesthatholdcivilizationtogether—honesty,kindness,andsoonaccountabilitymaybethemostimportantofall.Withoutit,therecanbenorespect,notrust,nolaw—and,ultimately,nosociety.

Myjobasapoliceofficeristoimposeaccountabilityofpeoplewhorefuse,orhaveneverlearned,toimposeitonthemselves.Butaseverypolicemanknows,externalcontrolsonpeople’sbehaviorarefarlesseffective,thatinternalrestrainssuchasguilt,shameandembarrassment.

Fortunatelytherearestillcommunities—smallertowns,usually—whereschoolsmaintaindisciplineandwhereparentsholdupstandardsthatproclaims:“Inthisfamilycertainthingsarenottolerated—theysimplyarenotdone.

Yetmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargercitiesandsuburbs,theseinnerrestraintsareloosening.Yourtypicalrobberhasnone.Heconsidersyourpropertyhisproperty;hetakeswhathewants,includingyourlifeifyouenragehim.

Themaincauseofthisbreak-downisaradicalshiftinattitudes.Thirtyyearsago,ifacrimewascommitted,societywasconsideredthevictim.Now,inashockingreversal,it'sthecriminalwhoisconsideredvictimized:byhisunderprivilegedupbringing,bytheschoolthatdidn'tteachhimtoread,bythechurchthatfailedtoreachhimwithmoralguidance,bytheparentswhodidn'tprovideastablehome.

Idon'tbelieveit.Manyothersinequallydisadvantagedcircumstanceschoosenottoengageincriminalactivities.Ifwefreethecriminal,evenpartly,fromaccountability,webecomeasocietyofexcuseswherenooneacceptsresponsibilityforanything.

WeinAmericadesperatelyneedmorepeoplewhobelievethatthepersonwhocommitsacrimeistheoneresponsibleforit.

1.Whatthewisemansaidsuggeststhat（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,ifapersonisfoundguiltyofacrim（）.

3.Comparedwiththoseinsmalltowns,peopleinlargecitieshave（）.

4.Thewriterissorrytohavenoticedthat（）.

5.Thekeypointofthepassageisthat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.it'sunnecessaryforgoodpeopletodoanythinginfaceofevil

B.it'scertainthatevilwillprevailifgoodmendonothingaboutit

C.it’sonlynaturalforvirtuetodefeatevil

D.it'sdesirableforgoodmentokeepawayfromevil

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.societyistobeheldresponsible

B.moderncivilizationisresponsibleforit

C.thecriminalhimselfshouldbeartheblame

D.thestandardsoflivingshouldbeimproved

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.lessself-discipline

B.bettersenseofdiscipline

C.moremutualrespect

D.lesseffectivegovernment

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.peopleinlargecitiestendtoexcusecriminals

B.peopleinsmalltownsstillsticktoolddisciplineandstandards

C.today'ssocietylackssympathyforpeopleindifficulty

D.peopleindisadvantagedcircumstancesareengagedincriminalactivities

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.stricterdisciplineshouldbemaintainedinschoolsandfamilies

B.moregoodexamplesshouldbesetforpeopletofollow

C.morerestrictionsshouldbeimposedonpeople'sbehavior

D.morepeopleshouldacceptthevalueofaccountability

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一句話awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgoodmentodonothing提到曾經(jīng)以為智者說(shuō)過(guò)壞人勝利的唯一條件是好人什么都不做。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.文章最后一段提到在美國(guó)急需更多的人知道犯罪的人應(yīng)該自己承擔(dān)責(zé)任。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.文章第七段yetmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargercitiesandsuburbs,theseinnerrestraintsareloosening提到城市和城鎮(zhèn)中，人們?cè)絹?lái)越缺乏自律。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.文章倒數(shù)第三段提到幾十年前，當(dāng)罪犯犯罪之后，社會(huì)被認(rèn)為是受害者，而現(xiàn)在，罪犯反而被認(rèn)為是受害者，罪犯得到開(kāi)脫，作者認(rèn)為這是令人震驚的。由此可見(jiàn)，作者對(duì)這種情況是非常不滿的。所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.文章主要的目的是提醒人們應(yīng)該承擔(dān)責(zé)任，并且對(duì)于為罪犯開(kāi)脫這種做法很不滿，認(rèn)為犯罪的人應(yīng)該承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的責(zé)任。不然長(zhǎng)此以往，犯罪會(huì)增多，社會(huì)也會(huì)面臨瓦解。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.單選題

Massproductionis（）onlyinaneconomywithahighlydevelopedtechnology.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vulnerable

B.invaluable

C.feasible

D.compatible

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。vulnerable易受攻擊的；invaluable無(wú)價(jià)的；feasible可行的；compatible兼容的。句意：大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)只有在技術(shù)高度發(fā)達(dá)的經(jīng)濟(jì)中才可行。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

5.單選題

[A]Whenthereare[B]lowsales,companiesoftendecide[C]developingnew[D]products.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.When

B.low

C.developing

D.products

【答案】C

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】搭配。

【解題思路】decide的常用搭配是decidetodo，沒(méi)有decidedoing這個(gè)用法，所以要把developing改為todevelop，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【句意】當(dāng)銷量低迷時(shí)，公司通常會(huì)決定開(kāi)發(fā)新產(chǎn)品。

6.單選題

Manygreatinventionsareinitiallygreetedwithridiculeanddisbelief.Theinventionoftheairplanewasnoexception.AlthoughmanypeoplewhoheardaboutthefirstpoweredflightonDecember17,1903wereexcitedandimpressed,othersreactedwithpealsoflaughter.Theideaofflyinganaircraftwasrepulsivetosomepeople.SuchpeoplecalledWilburandOrvilleWright,theinventorsofthefirstflyingmachine,impulsivefools.Negativereactions,however,didnotstoptheWrights.Impelledbytheirdesiretosucceed,theycontinuedtheirexperimentsinaviation.

OrvilleandWilburWrighthadalwayshadacompellinginterestinaeronauticsandmechanics.Asyoungboystheyearnedmoneybymakingandsellingkitesandmechanicaltoys.Later,theydesignedanewspaper-foldingmachine,builtaprintingpress,andoperatedabicycle-repairshop.In1896,whentheyreadaboutthedeathofOttoLilienthal,thebrothers’interestinflightgrewintoacompulsion.

Lilienthal,apioneerinhang-gliding,hadcontrolledhisglidersbyshiftinghisbodyinthedesireddirection.ThisideawasrepellenttotheWrightbrothers,however,andtheysearchedformoreefficientmethodstocontrolthebalanceofairbornevehicles.In1990and1901,theWrightstestednumerousglidersanddevelopedcontroltechniques.Thebrothers’inabilitytoobtainenoughliftpowerfortheglidersalmostledthemtoabandontheirefforts.

Afterfurtherstudy,theWrightbrothersconcludedthatthepublishedtablesofairpressureoncurvedsurfacesmustbewrong.Theysetupawindtunnelandbeganaseriesofexperimentswithmodelwings.Becauseoftheirefforts,theoldtableswererepealedintimeandreplacedbythefirstreliablefiguresforairpressureoncurvedsurfaces.Thiswork,inturn,madeitpossibleforthebrotherstodesignamachinethatwouldfly.In1903theWrightsbuilttheirfirstairplane,whichcostlessthan$1,000.

Theyevendesignedandbuilttheirownsourceofpropulsion―alightweightgasolineengine.WhentheystartedtheengineonDecember17,theairplanepulsatedwildlybeforetakingoff.Theplanemanagedtostayaloftfor12seconds,however,anditflew120feet.

By1905,theWrightshadperfectedthefirstairplanethatcouldturn,circle,andremainairborneforhalfanhouratatime.Othershadflowninballoonsandhanggliders,buttheWrightbrotherswerethefirsttobuildafull-sizemachinethatcouldflyunderitsownpower.Asthecontributorsofoneofthemostoutstandingengineeringachievementsinhistory,theWrightbrothersareaccuratelycalledthefathersofaviation.

1.Theideaofflyinganaircraftwas（

）tosomepeople.

2.SomepeoplethoughtthattheWrightbrothershad（

）.

3.TheWrights’interestinflightgrewintoa（

）.

4.Lilienthal’sideaaboutcontrollingairbornevehicleswas

（

）

theWrights.

5.Theoldtableswere（

）andreplacedbythefirstreliablefiguresforairpressureoncurvedsurfaces.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.boring

B.distasteful

C.exciting

D.needless

E.answernotavailable

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.actedwithoutthinking

B.beennegativelyinfluenced

C.beentoocautious

D.beenmistaken

E.actedinanegativeway

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.financialempire

B.plan

C.needtoact

D.foolishthought

E.answernotavailable

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.provenwrongby

B.oppositetotheideasof

C.dislikedby

D.acceptedby

E.improvedby

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.destroyed

B.invalidated

C.multiplied

D.approved

E.notused

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Theideaofflyinganaircraftwasrepulsivetosomepeople.”可知駕駛飛機(jī)的想法令一些人反感。因此B選項(xiàng)“使人不愉快的，令人反感的”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“無(wú)聊的”；C選項(xiàng)“令人興奮的”；D選項(xiàng)“不必要的”：E選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有答案”。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“SuchpeoplecalledWilburandOrvilleWright,theinventorsofthefirstflyingmachine,impulsivefools.”這類人稱最早的飛機(jī)發(fā)明人萊特兄弟是沖動(dòng)的傻瓜，可知一些人認(rèn)為萊特兄弟做事沖動(dòng)，不經(jīng)思考，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“thebrothers’interestinflightgrewintoacompulsion.”萊特兄弟對(duì)飛行的興趣發(fā)展成一種強(qiáng)迫行為，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“ThisideawasrepellenttotheWrightbrothers”這種想法對(duì)萊特兄弟而言是令人反感的，可知這種想法不被萊特兄弟喜歡，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“theoldtableswererepealedintimeandreplacedbythefirstreliablefiguresforairpressureoncurvedsurfaces.”舊表被及時(shí)廢除，取而代之的是第一個(gè)可靠的曲面氣壓數(shù)據(jù)，因此B選項(xiàng)“使無(wú)效，失效”符合題意。

7.寫作題

Inthispart,youarerequiredtowriteanessayofnolessthan200wordsonPrivateSchoolsinChina.Theessayshouldbebasedontheoutlinebelow:

1.Theiradvantages;

2.Theirdisadvantages;

3.Yourcomments.

【答案】PrivateSchoolsinChina

Itisknowntoallthatmoreandmoreprivateschoolshavebeensetupinourcountrysince1990s.Toacertaindegree,thoseschoolsareabletomakeupfortheshortageofschoolsinChina.Withtheadventofmoreandmoreprivateschools,alotofpeopleshowtheirinterestinthem.Asaresult,manystudentshavebeenenrolledintheseschools.

Privateschoolshavemanyadvantages.Firstofall,theyrelievethefinancialburdenofthegovernment.Althoughthegovernmenthaskeptprovidingmoneyforestablishingpubicschools,itcannotsatisfytheincreasingdemandofpubliceducation.Besides,theseschoolsusuallyprovideabetterlearningenvironmentforstudentsconsistingofbetterfacilitiesandbetterteachingequipment.Furthermore,thesalaryofteachersinprivateschoolsisnormallyhigherthanthatinpublicschools.Therefore,theycanattractqualifiedteachers.

AsfarasIamconcerned,Iwon’tsendmychildtoaprivateschool.Foronething,theteachingqualityinprivateschoolsinChinaisgenerallynotasgoodasthatinpublicschools.Foranother,thetuitionfeeinaprivateschoolisnormallyhigherthanthatinapublicschool.Lastbutnotleast,studentswhograduatefromprivateschoolsareusuallydiscriminatedagainstwhileseekingtheirjobs.

8.單選題

Accordingtogovernmentstatistics，menofallsocialclassesinBritainvisitpubsquiteregularly,（1）thekindofpubtheygotomaybedifferentandtheirreasonsforgoingthere（2）too.Nowadaystheyoftentaketheirwivesorgirl-friends,which（3）tobethecase.ThefactisthatthetypicalEnglishpubischanging,partly（4）thelicensinglawsnotbeingsostrictasthey（5）,butalsobecausepublicansaretryingto（6）awaywiththeoldVictorian（7）ofthepuband（8）providecoupleswithanatmospherewheretheycanbothenjoythemselves.Pubusednottoopen（9）atcertaintimes.Theresultwasthattheywereusually（10）withmenwhoseemedtobedrinkingasmuchaspossibleinthetime（11）Butthatkindofpubisrapidlybecomingathingofthepast.

Curiouslyenough,theoldBritishlicensinglaws,whichforeignersfoundsoobjectionableandab-surd,were（12）introducedasa（13）measuretostopworkersdrinkingintheFirstWorldWar.（14）,thestrongPuritanical（15）inParliamenttook（16）o￡thelawand（17）it.

Openinghoursare（18）limitedtoeighthoursaday,butthepublicancannowchoosewhichhours（19）himbest.Andthesedaysyoucanevengetacupofcoffeeifyouprefer（20）beer.ButinspiteofthisthePuritanswouldneverdreamofadmittingthatapubcouldbecomearepeatableplace.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.and

B.though

C.when

D.as

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.disagree

B.diverge

C.vary

D.deviate

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.usednot

B.notused

C.used

D.isused

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.because

B.becauseof

C.for

D.inthat

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.were

B.are

C.used

D.hadbeen

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.take

B.do

C.keep

D.go

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.sight

B.image

C.appearance

D.perception

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.then

B.instead

C.further

D.still

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.except

B.exceptfor

C.only

D.onlyfor

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.covered

B.crowded

C.full

D.plenty

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.available

B.proper

C.probable

D.accessible

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.ordinarily

B.generally

C.originally

D.formerly

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.perpetual

B.temporary

C.uniform

D.temperate

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.Nevertheless

B.However

C.Afterwards

D.Furthermore

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.factor

B.element

C.component

D.atom

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.advantage

B.profit

C.use

D.charge

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.retained

B.contained

C.maintained

D.protected

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.even

B.just

C.but

D.still

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.suit

B.match

C.meet

D.agree

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.against

B.for

C.with

D.to

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:B

第8題:B

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:A

第12題:C

第13題:B

第14題:C

第15題:B

第16題:A

第17題:A

第18題:D

第19題:A

第20題:D

【解析】1.邏輯推理。句意：據(jù)英國(guó)政府統(tǒng)計(jì)，所有社會(huì)階級(jí)的人都會(huì)頻繁光顧酒吧，他們選擇的酒吧

類型可能不同。空格前后句子為讓步關(guān)系。故B項(xiàng)正確。

2.詞義辨析。句意：盡管他們選擇的酒吧類型可能不同，去的理由也。disagree不同意；diverge偏離；vary不同；deviate脫離，出軌。And為并列連詞，因此，空格處應(yīng)表達(dá)跟different相似的含義。故選C。

3.語(yǔ)法分析。句子想表達(dá)的是：與以往情況不同，他們現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常帶著他們的妻子和女朋友去酒吧。因此，空格處應(yīng)為否定，排除C，D項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)usednot后面接tobethecase表示“過(guò)去不是這樣”，符合句意且語(yǔ)法正確。

4.語(yǔ)法分析。句意：事實(shí)是典型的英國(guó)酒吧正在改變，部分原因是特許經(jīng)營(yíng)法不如之前那么嚴(yán)格。

C、D項(xiàng)后面應(yīng)接完整的從句，而空后為動(dòng)詞ing形式，故選B。

5.語(yǔ)法分析。句意：特許經(jīng)營(yíng)法不如之前那么嚴(yán)格。因此此處應(yīng)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而主語(yǔ)是“they”，因此A項(xiàng)“were”正確。

6.詞義辨析。句意：同時(shí)也因?yàn)榫频昀习逑胍f維多利亞時(shí)代酒吧的形象。doawaywith廢除；takeaway帶走，擺脫；keepaway使離開(kāi)；goawaywith私奔。故B項(xiàng)符合句意。

7.詞義辨析。句意：想要擺脫舊式維多利亞時(shí)代的酒吧。sight視力；image形象；appearance外貌；perception知覺(jué)。故B項(xiàng)符合句意。

8.邏輯推理。句意：想要擺脫舊式維多利亞時(shí)代的酒吧形象，為伴侶提供一個(gè)雙方都能玩得開(kāi)心的環(huán)境。前后并無(wú)遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。B項(xiàng)instead表示“取而代之的是”，符合句意。

9.詞義辨析。句意：除了在特定時(shí)間段，其他時(shí)間酒吧均不開(kāi)門。except除了；exceptfor除了……以外；only只有；onlyfor要是沒(méi)有。B和D選項(xiàng)中都有介詞for，后面應(yīng)接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，因此排除，C項(xiàng)only不符合句意。故選A。

10.詞義辨析。句意：結(jié)果是酒吧里經(jīng)常人，人們總是在酒館開(kāi)門的時(shí)間內(nèi)盡情暢飲。Becrowdedwith搭配表示“擠滿”。而C，D項(xiàng)也表示“擠滿的”，但它們與介詞“of”搭配。故選B。

11.詞義辨析。句意：在的時(shí)間內(nèi)盡情暢飲。available可利用的，可獲得的；proper適合的；probable可能的；accessible可進(jìn)入的。D選項(xiàng)為干擾項(xiàng)，而D項(xiàng)后面接名詞時(shí)要接介詞to。故選A。

12.詞義辨析?？崭袼诰渲v述了英國(guó)營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照法律的歷史以及后來(lái)情況。因此，C項(xiàng)originally“最初”正確。

13.詞義辨析。句意：一戰(zhàn)期間引進(jìn)的法律，只是的措施以阻止工人飲酒。perpetual永遠(yuǎn)的；temporary暫時(shí)的；uniform始終如一的；temperate溫和的。因此，B項(xiàng)符合句意。

54.邏輯推理。句意：，強(qiáng)大的清教徒……。Nevertheless然而；However然而；Afterwards后來(lái)；Furthermore此外?？崭窈蟊硎竞髞?lái)發(fā)生的事情，故選C。

55.詞義辨析。factor因素；element社會(huì)的某一集團(tuán)，組成集團(tuán)的個(gè)體；component組成部分；atom原子?？崭裉幹盖褰掏絼?shì)力，故選B。

56.固定搭配。句意：國(guó)會(huì)中的清教徒勢(shì)力利用這一法律。Takeadvantageof為固定搭配，表示“利用”。

57.詞義辨析。句意：國(guó)會(huì)中的清教徒勢(shì)力利用這一法律，使得這一條款保留了下來(lái)。retained保留；contained包含；maintained維修；protected保護(hù)。故選A。

58.邏輯推理。句意：開(kāi)業(yè)時(shí)間仍然限定在八個(gè)小時(shí)。even甚至；just只是；but但是；still仍然。故選D。

59.詞義辨析。句意為“但是現(xiàn)在酒店老板可以選擇最自己的時(shí)間段。suit適合；match與……相配；meet遇見(jiàn)；agree同意。因此，A項(xiàng)符合句意。

60.固定搭配。prefersth.tosth.為固定搭配，表示比起后者，更喜歡前者。

9.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Greatemotionalandintellectualresourcesaredemandedinquarrels;staminahelps,asdoesacapacityforobsession.Butnooneisbornagoodquarreler;thecraftmustbelearned.

Therearetwogenerallyrecognizedapprenticeships.First,anduniversallypreferred,isalongchildhoodspentinthecompanyoffractioussiblings.Afterseveralyearsofrainyafternoons,brothersandsistersdevelopasurefeelforthetacticsofattritionandthenicetiesofstrategysonecessaryinfirst-ratequarrelling.

Theonlychild,orthechildofpeacefulorrepressedhouseholds,islikelytogrowupfailingtounderstandthatquarrels,unlikearguments,arenotaboutanythingleastofallthepursuitoftruth.Theapparentsubjectofaquarrelisamerepretext;therealbusinessisthequarrelitself.

Essentially,adversariesinaquarrelareouttoestablishorrescuetheirdignity.Ifencetheelementaryprinciple:anythingmaybesaid.Theunschooled,probablynolessquarrelsomebyinclinationthananyoneelse,mayspendanhourwithknockingheart,siftingtheconsequencesofroilingthisoldacquaintancealyingfraud.Toolate!Withacheerfulwavetheoldacquaintancehaslefttheroom.

Thosewhomisstheirfirstapprenticeshipmaycaretoenrollinthesecond,thebadmarriage.Thiscanbeperilousfortheneophyte;themutualintimacyofspousesmakesthematoncemorevulnerableandmoredangerousinattack.Oncesexisinvolved,thestakesarehigherallround.

Andthereisanunspokenrulethatthosewholove,orhaveloved,oneanotheraregrantedalicenseforunlimitedbeastlinesssuchasisdeniedtomereswornenemies.Forallthat,someofourmosttenaciousblackbeltquarrelershavecometoitlateinfifeandmasteredeverythrow,fromtheCrushingSilencetotheGloatingApology,inlessthantenyearsofmarriage.

Aquarrelmaylastyears.AmongbroodingtypesKithtimeontheirhands,likewriters,halfalifetimeisnotuncommon.Initsmostrefinedform,aquarrelmayconsistoftheparticipantsnottalkingtoeachother.Theywillneedtoschemelaboriouslytoappearinpublictogethertoregistertheirsilence.

Brief,violentquarrelsarealsoknownasrows.Inallcasestheessentialingredientremainsthesame;theoriginalcausemustbeforgottenassoonaspossible.Fromhereon,dignity,pride,self-esteem,honoratethecrucialissues,whichiswhyquarrellinglikejealousy,isanall-consumingbusiness,virtuallyaprofession.Forthequarrelersveryself-hoodisonthefine.Toloseanargumentisabriefdisappointment,muchlikelosingagameoftennis;buttobecrushedinaquarrel...ratherbiteoffyourtongueandspreaditatyouropponents’feet.

1.Unschooledquarrelersaresaidtobeatadisadvantagebecause（）.

2.Accordingtothewriter,quarrelsbetweenmarriedcouplesmaybe（）.

3.Whenquarrellingbothchildrenandmarriedcouplesmay,accordingtothewriter（）.

4.Thedifferencebetweenaquarrelandanargumentissaidtobethat（）.

5.Inthepassageasawhole,thewritertreatsquarrellingasifitwere（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theirinsultsfailtooffendtheiropponent

B.theyrevealtheirnervousnesstotheiropponent

C.theysufferfromremorseforwhatthey’vesaid

D.theyareapprehensiveaboutspeakingtheirminds

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.physicallyviolent

B.extremelybitter

C.essentiallytrivial

D.sincerelyregretted

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.beparticularlybrutal

B.usepolitenessasaweapon

C.employskillfulmaneuvers

D.exaggeratetheirfeelings

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theformerinvolvesindividualegos

B.theformerconcernsstrongpointsofview

C.thelatterhaswell-establishedmiles

D.thelatterconcernstrivialissues

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.amilitarycampaign

B.asocialskill

C.amoralevil

D.anaturalgift

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。沒(méi)上過(guò)學(xué)的吵架者在吵架中不占優(yōu)勢(shì)的原因是，選項(xiàng)A“他們的羞辱不能激怒對(duì)手”；選項(xiàng)B“他們?cè)趯?duì)手面前表現(xiàn)出緊張”；選項(xiàng)C“他們對(duì)自己說(shuō)的話感到悔恨”；選項(xiàng)D“他們害怕表露自己的心聲”，根據(jù)文章第四段中“Theunschooled,probablynolessquarrelsomebyinclinationthananyoneelse,mayspendanhourwithknockingheart,siftingtheconsequencesofroilingthisoldacquaintancealyingfraud.沒(méi)怎么受過(guò)教育的人，同樣也跟其他人一樣熱衷于吵架，他們會(huì)花上很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間捶胸頓足，不斷回想自己是怎么激怒了老熟人而陷入了他的騙局”，由此可知這些沒(méi)上過(guò)學(xué)的人在吵架的時(shí)候因?yàn)闆](méi)什么技巧，激怒別人之后就陷入了別人挖的坑里，于是他們不停的回想，不停的后悔自己所說(shuō)的話，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。

第2題:推理判斷題。根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)，已婚夫婦之間的爭(zhēng)吵也許會(huì)……選項(xiàng)A“劇烈的身體攻擊”；選項(xiàng)B“極度的尖酸刻薄”；選項(xiàng)C“基本上很瑣碎”；選項(xiàng)D“真誠(chéng)的道歉”，根據(jù)文章第六段的首句話“相愛(ài)的或者曾經(jīng)相愛(ài)的人之間存在著一種不言而喻的規(guī)定，他們?cè)试S對(duì)方無(wú)限制的使用傷人的語(yǔ)言，就像是兩個(gè)不共戴天的仇人一樣?！备鶕?jù)這句話我們可以知道已婚夫妻之間的爭(zhēng)吵會(huì)非常的尖酸刻薄，表現(xiàn)得像兩個(gè)不共戴天的仇人一樣，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。

第3題:小孩子和已婚夫婦之間吵架的共同點(diǎn)是什么，選項(xiàng)A“特別的野蠻”；選項(xiàng)B“把禮貌當(dāng)作一種武器”；選項(xiàng)C“運(yùn)用非常有技巧的策略”；選項(xiàng)D“夸大感覺(jué)”，根據(jù)文章中分別對(duì)小孩子吵架和夫妻吵架的描寫，小孩子“developasurefeelforthetacticsofattritionandthenicetiesofstrategysonecessaryinfirst-ratequarrelling.明確的知道在最高級(jí)的吵架中技巧和戰(zhàn)略的必要性”，由此可知小孩子的吵架非常注重技巧與戰(zhàn)略；文章第六段在提及夫妻吵架之后接著說(shuō)道“someofourmosttenaciousblackbeltquarrelershavecometoitlateinfife持久的吵架黑帶通常在比較晚的時(shí)候練成；inlessthantenyearsofmarriage不超過(guò)婚后十年的時(shí)間”，可知作者想表達(dá)的是婚后，夫妻會(huì)變得非常擅于吵架，婚后的吵架會(huì)使他們練就吵架的技巧，這個(gè)從“黑帶”一詞可以體現(xiàn)出來(lái)，所以小孩子和已婚夫婦兩者在吵架上的共同點(diǎn)就是非常具有技巧或者策略，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。

第4題:推理判斷題。吵架和爭(zhēng)論之間的區(qū)別是什么，選項(xiàng)A“前者涉及個(gè)人自尊心”；選項(xiàng)B“前者關(guān)心強(qiáng)硬的觀點(diǎn)”；選項(xiàng)C“后者建立了良好的規(guī)則”；選項(xiàng)D“后者涉及細(xì)小的問(wèn)題”；根據(jù)文章最后一段中對(duì)于吵架的描寫“dignity,pride,self-esteem,honorandthecrucialissues,whichiswhyquarrellinglikejealousy,isanall-consumingbusiness,virtuallyaprofession尊嚴(yán)，驕傲，自尊，榮譽(yù)和其他關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題是消耗所有精力的堪稱專業(yè)的工作，它們解釋了為什么說(shuō)吵架就和妒忌一樣”，這說(shuō)明吵架是涉及個(gè)人的自尊心的，而對(duì)于爭(zhēng)論的描寫“Toloseanargumentisabriefdisappointment,muchlikelosingagameoftennis輸?shù)粢粓?chǎng)爭(zhēng)論只是片刻的失望，就像輸?shù)粢粓?chǎng)網(wǎng)球比賽一樣”，由此可知爭(zhēng)論不會(huì)涉及個(gè)人的自尊心，簡(jiǎn)單的只是一種專業(yè)知識(shí)或者其他個(gè)人能力的較量，所以吵架和爭(zhēng)論最大的區(qū)別就是吵架是涉及個(gè)人自尊心的，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)A。

第5題:推理判斷題?？v觀全文，作者描寫吵架就像描寫……選項(xiàng)A“一場(chǎng)軍事行動(dòng)”；選項(xiàng)B“一門社會(huì)技術(shù)”；選項(xiàng)C“一種不好的品德”；選項(xiàng)D“一種自然天賦”，作者在描寫吵架的時(shí)候多處強(qiáng)調(diào)了吵架的技巧與戰(zhàn)略，以及吵架技巧的兩個(gè)養(yǎng)成階段，仿佛吵架就像一門技術(shù)一樣，需要我們練習(xí)與學(xué)習(xí)；作者還舉了在社交場(chǎng)合吵架的例子，有技巧的人會(huì)贏，沒(méi)有技巧的會(huì)輸，強(qiáng)調(diào)了吵架這門技術(shù)的社會(huì)性，所以作者是在像描寫一種社會(huì)技術(shù)一樣的在描寫吵架這門學(xué)問(wèn)，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。

10.單選題

Wantaglimpseofthefutureofhealthcare?Takealookatthewaythevariousnetworksofpeopleinvolvedinpatientcarearebeingconnectedtooneanother:andhowthisnewconnectivityisbeingexploitedtodelivermedicinetothepatient—nomatterwhereheorshemaybe.

Onlinedoctorsofferingadvicebasedonstandardizedsymptomsarethemostobviousexample.Increasingly,however,remotediagnosis(telemedicine)willbebasedonrealphysiologicaldatafromtheactualpatient.AgroupfromtheUniversityofKentuckyhasshownthatbyusinganoff-the-shelfPDA(personaldataassistance)suchasaPalmPilotplusamobilephone,itisperfectlyfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsoverthetelephone.Withthiskindofequipmentinafirst-aidkit,thecryaskingwhethertherewasadoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast.

Othermedicaltechnologygroupsareworkingonapplyingtelemedicinetoruralcare.Andatleastoneteamwantstousetelemedicineasatoolfordisasterresponse—especiallyafterearthquakes.Overall,thetrendistowardsprovidingglobalaccesstomedicaldataandexpertise.

Butthereisoneproblem.BandwidthisthelimitingfactorfortransmittingcomplexmedicalimagesaroundtheworldCTscansbeingoneofthebiggestbandwidthconsumers.Communicationssatellitesmaybeabletocopewiththeshort-termneedsduringdisasterssuchasearthquakes,warsorfamines.Butmedicineislookingtowardsboththesecond-generationInternetandthird-generationmobilephonesforthefutureofdistributedmedicalintelligence.

Doctorshavemettodiscusscomputer-basedtoolsformedicaldiagnosis,trainingandtelemedicine.Withthefallingpriceofbroadbandcommunications,thenewtechnologiesshouldusherinanerawhentelemedicineandthesharingofmedicalinformation,expertopinionanddiagnosisarecommon.

46.Thebasisofremotediagnosiswillbe______.

47.TheSentence“thecryaskingwhethertherewasadoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast”means______.

48.Allthefollowingstatementsaretrueexceptthat______.

49.Theword“problem”inthefourthparagraphreferstothefactthat______.

50.Apropertitleforthepassagemaybe______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.standardizedsymptomsofapatient

B.personaldataassistance

C.transmittedcomplexmedicalimages

D.realphysiologicaldatafromapatient

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.nowpeopleprobablywouldnotaskifthereisadoctorinthehouse

B.patientsusedtocryandaskiftherewasadoctorinthehouse

C.inthepastpeopleoftencriedandaskediftherewasadoctorinthehouse

D.patientsarenowstillaskingifthereisadoctorinthehouse

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.itisnowfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsovertelephone

B.floodisnotamongthedisastersmentionedinthepassage

C.thetrendinapplyingtelemedicineistowardprovidingglobalaccesstomedicaldata

D.telemedicineisbeingusedbymanymedicalteamsasatoolfordisasterresponse

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.therearenotenoughmobilephonesfordistributingmedicalintelligence

B.CTscansareoneofthebiggestbandwidthconsumers

C.bandwidthisnotadequatetotransmitcomplexmedicalimagesaroundtheworld

D.communicationssatellitescanonlycopewiththeshort-termneedsduringdisasters

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ImprovementinCommunications

B.TheInlineDoctorIsIn

C.ApplicationofTelemedicine

D.HowtoMakeRemoteDiagnosis

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】46.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“遠(yuǎn)程診斷的基礎(chǔ)將是……”。第二段的第二句話提到Increasingly,however,remotediagnosis(telemedicine)willbebasedonrealphysiologicaldatafromtheactualpatient.（然而，越來(lái)越多的遠(yuǎn)程診斷（遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療）將基于實(shí)際患者的真實(shí)生理數(shù)據(jù)），由此可知，遠(yuǎn)程診斷的基礎(chǔ)是患者的真實(shí)生理數(shù)據(jù)，因此D項(xiàng)“病人真實(shí)的生理數(shù)據(jù)”正確；A項(xiàng)“病人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化癥狀”，第二段第一句話提到Onlinedoctorsofferingadvicebasedonstandardizedsymptomsarethemostobviousexample.（網(wǎng)上醫(yī)生根據(jù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化癥狀提供建議就是最明顯的例子），由此可知根據(jù)病人標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化癥狀診斷的是網(wǎng)上醫(yī)生，而不是遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療；B項(xiàng)“個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)輔助設(shè)備”，第二段第三句提到AgroupfromtheUniversityofKentuckyhasshownthatbyusinganoff-the-shelfPDA(personaldataassistance)suchasaPalmPilotplusamobilephone,itisperfectlyfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsoverthetelephone（肯塔基大學(xué)的一個(gè)研究小組已經(jīng)證明，通過(guò)使用現(xiàn)成的PDA（個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)輔助設(shè)備），如掌上電腦和移動(dòng)電話，通過(guò)電話傳輸病人的生命體征是完全可行的），由此可知，個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)輔助設(shè)備是用來(lái)傳輸病人生命體征，只是一種傳輸途徑而已，這與題干的問(wèn)題沒(méi)有干系；C項(xiàng)“傳輸復(fù)雜的醫(yī)學(xué)圖像”，倒數(shù)第二段第二句提到BandwidthisthelimitingfactorfortransmittingcomplexmedicalimagesaroundtheworldCTscansbeingoneofthebiggestbandwidthconsumers.（帶寬是在世界各地傳輸復(fù)雜醫(yī)學(xué)圖像的限制因素，CT掃描是最大的帶寬消耗之一），這里只是提到了帶寬限制了傳輸復(fù)雜醫(yī)學(xué)圖像，沒(méi)有提到傳輸復(fù)雜醫(yī)學(xué)圖是遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療的基礎(chǔ)，所以不選。故該題選D。

47.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“thecryaskingwhethertherewasadoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast這句話的意思是……”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第二段AgroupfromtheUniversityofKentuckyhasshownthatbyusinganoff-the-shelfPDA(personaldataassistance)suchasaPalmPilotplusamobilephone,itisperfectlyfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsoverthetelephone.Withthiskindofequipmentinafirst-aidkit,thecryaskingwhethertherewasadoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast.（肯塔基大學(xué)的一個(gè)研究小組已經(jīng)證明，通過(guò)使用現(xiàn)成的PDA（個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)輔助設(shè)備），如掌上電腦和移動(dòng)電話，通過(guò)電話傳輸病人的生命體征是完全可行的。由于急救箱里有這樣的設(shè)備，家里是否有醫(yī)生的要求可能已經(jīng)成為過(guò)去。），由此可知，隨著遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)藥的應(yīng)用，醫(yī)生和病人不需要在同一個(gè)地方才能進(jìn)行醫(yī)學(xué)救治，因此要求醫(yī)生在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)已經(jīng)成為了過(guò)去式；我們這里的cry表示“需求，要求”。A項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在人們可能不會(huì)問(wèn)家里有沒(méi)有醫(yī)生”符合題意；B項(xiàng)“病人常?？拗鴨?wèn)家里有沒(méi)有醫(yī)生”和C項(xiàng)“在過(guò)去，人們經(jīng)常哭著問(wèn)家里有沒(méi)有醫(yī)生”中，cry理解錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)“病人現(xiàn)在還在問(wèn)房子里是否有醫(yī)生”，原文已經(jīng)提到要求醫(yī)生在場(chǎng)是過(guò)去式了，所以該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故該題選A。

48.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“下面所有的陳述都是正確的，除了……”。A項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在通過(guò)電話傳送病人的生命體征是可行的”，文中第二段第三句提到itisperfectlyfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsoverthetelephone（通過(guò)電話傳輸病人的生命體征是完全可行的），因此A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)“洪水不在文中提到的災(zāi)難之列”，第四段第三句提到Communicationssatellitesmaybeabletocopewiththeshort-termneedsduringdisasterssuchasearthquakes,warsorfamin