書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣西師范大學(xué)漓江學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Don’tbothertoarrangeameal,becausewehavejusthadlunchandabletoeatanything（

）

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.neitherhenorIare

B.neitherhenorIis

C.neitherInorheis

D.neitherhenorIam

【答案】D

【解析】句意:不用費(fèi)心再安排一頓飯了，我們剛吃過(guò)午飯，我們都吃不下了。

語(yǔ)法題。考查主謂一致。neither..nor..，either...or..,notonly...butalso...都是就近原則，也就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和最近的主語(yǔ)保持?jǐn)?shù)或者謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一致，故排除A項(xiàng)和B項(xiàng)。英語(yǔ)中同時(shí)有第三人稱和第一人稱時(shí),一般第一人稱放后面,故選D。

2.單選題

Hemakesan（）casethattheocean’sforgottencornershavebecometoodangeroustoneglect.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.eminent

B.eligible

C.eloquent

D.animated

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。eminent“杰出的；有名的”；eligible“合格的；合適的”；eloquent“雄辯的；有說(shuō)服力的”；animated“生機(jī)勃勃的；活躍的”。句意：他用一個(gè)______案例證明被遺忘的海洋角落已經(jīng)變得非常危險(xiǎn)，不應(yīng)該被忽視。根據(jù)句意可知選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.單選題

Nobodywouldexpectacitywatersystemdesignedfor1mresidentstobeabletohandlea1,000-foldincreaseinpopulationinjustafewyears.Yetthatiswhattheinternet’sfundamentaladdressingschemehashadtoaccommodate.WhenthenetworkwasfirstestablishedtherewereonlyahandfulofcomputercentresinAmerica.Insteadofchoosinganumberingsystemthatcouldsupportafewthousandormillionaddresses,theinternet’sdesignersforesightedlyoptedforonethatcouldhandle4billion.Butnoweventhatisnotenough.

Theaddressingsystem,calledinternetprotocolversion4(IPv4),cannotkeepupwiththefloodofcomputers,mobilephones,hand-heldgadgets,gamesconsolesandevencarsandrefrigeratorsfloodingontothenetwork.Nearly85%ofavailableaddressesarealreadyinuse;ifthistrendcontinuestheywillrunoutby2011,theOrganisationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment,athink-tankforrichcountries,warnedinMay.

Theshortageisnottheonlyproblem;sotooisgrowingcomplexity.IPv4addressesareallocatedinblockstonetworkoperators.Thepathtoreacheachnetworkispublishedonagloballistthatisconstantlyupdated.Bigcomputers,calledrouters,usetheseentriestoguidetheflowoftrafficacrosstheinternet.Butasmoredevicesandnetworkslinktotheinternet,itbecomesnecessarytosubdividetheaddressblocksintoever-smallerunits.Thisrisksovertaxingthemillionsofroutersthathandletheinternet’straffic,whichmustberegularlyupgradedtokeepup.WeretherenoalternativetoIPv4,partsoftheinternetwouldeventuallysufferfromsporadicoutages.

Fortunatelyanewsystemdoesexist,calledinternetprotocolversion6,whichprovides3.4X1038addresses.ThismeansIPv6addressescanbeallocatedtonetworkoperatorsandcompaniesinmuchlargerquantities.Italsoprovidesacleanslateforestablishingnewpathsovertheinternet,reducingcomplexity.Butswitchingmeansupgradingmillionsofdevices.

Infact,supportforIPv6isalreadywidelyavailableinsoftwareandhardware,butithasnotbeenusedmuch.OnlyafewresearchinstitutionsandtheAmericangovernmenttooktheIPv6plungeearlyon.(InAmericaallfederalagenciesmustbecapableofusingIPv6byJune30th2008,byexecutiveorder.)

Butinrecentmonthsthepaceofchangehaspickedup.InFebruaryMrVixie,anetworkengineer,flippedaswitchthatmeansdomainnamescannowmapontoIPv6addresses.Thismayheraldmorewidespreadadoptionofthenewprotocol,sinceitmeansthatanyorganisationcanuseIPv6addresseswithitsdomainnames,anduserscanaccessthemwithoutspecialrigging.

1.Fromthefirstparagraphwemayinferthatthedesignoftheinternet’sfundamentaladdressingschemeis（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,theaddressingsystemIPv4（）.

3.Thepotentialproblemwithinternetprotocolversion4todayisthat（）.

4.ItisimpliedthatIPv6addresses（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingmayserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.over-populated

B.verypopular

C.outofdate

D.ratherirrational

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.willrunoutby2011

B.cannotkeepupwithsomuchinformation

C.isover-loadedwithtoomanyfunctions

D.isdamagedbyathink-tankforrichcountries

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.nearly85%ofavailableaddressesarealreadyinuse

B.carsandrefrigeratorsarefloodingontothenetwork

C.itisgrowingintoakindofcomplexity

D.thereisashortageofavailableaddressesinthenearfuture

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.arenotverypopularforsometechnicalreasons

B.areproducedinmuchlargerquantities

C.areupgradingmillionsofdevices

D.canbeanalternativetoIPv4

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theinternet’sfundamentaladdressingscheme

B.Theprincipleofinternetprotocolversion4(IPv4)

C.Thepotentialproblemwiththeexistingaddressingsystem

D.Analternativeinternetprotocoltodealwithaddressshortage

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文第一段的首句“Nobodywouldexpectacitywatersystemdesignedfor1mresidentstobeabletohandlea1,000-foldincreaseinpopulationinjustafewyears.沒(méi)有人會(huì)想到，一個(gè)為100萬(wàn)居民設(shè)計(jì)的城市供水系統(tǒng)，能夠在短短幾年內(nèi)應(yīng)對(duì)人口增長(zhǎng)1000倍的情況。”以及最后兩句“Insteadofchoosinganumberingsystemthatcouldsupportafewthousandormillionaddresses,theinternet’sdesignersforesightedlyoptedforonethatcouldhandle4billion.Butnoweventhatisnotenough.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的設(shè)計(jì)者深謀遠(yuǎn)慮地選擇了能夠處理40億個(gè)地址的編號(hào)系統(tǒng)，而不是能夠支持幾千或幾百萬(wàn)個(gè)地址的編號(hào)系統(tǒng)。但現(xiàn)在，即使這樣也還不夠?！庇纱丝芍?，這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)是不合理的，因?yàn)闆](méi)有考慮到人口暴增的問(wèn)題，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Theaddressingsystem,calledinternetprotocolversion4(IPv4),cannotkeepupwiththefloodofcomputers,mobilephones,hand-heldgadgets,gamesconsolesandevencarsandrefrigeratorsfloodingontothenetwork.這個(gè)被稱為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)協(xié)議4(IPv4)的尋址系統(tǒng)無(wú)法跟上涌入網(wǎng)絡(luò)的電腦、手機(jī)、手持設(shè)備、游戲機(jī)，甚至是汽車和冰箱。”由此可知，IPv4尋址系統(tǒng)跟不上如此多的信息，所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段首句“Theshortageisnottheonlyproblem;sotooisgrowingcomplexity.短缺并不是唯一的問(wèn)題；復(fù)雜性也在不斷增加?！庇纱丝芍?，IPv4潛在的問(wèn)題是不斷增加的復(fù)雜性，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.詞義推斷題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句以及第四段的首句“WeretherenoalternativetoIPv4,partsoftheinternetwouldeventuallysufferfromsporadicoutages.Fortunatelyanewsystemdoesexist,calledinternetprotocolversion6,…如果沒(méi)有IPv4的替代方案，部分互聯(lián)網(wǎng)最終將遭遇不定時(shí)的中斷。幸運(yùn)的是，一種新的系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)存在，叫作IPv6……”接著后面提到IPv6彌補(bǔ)了IPv4的不足，由此可推斷，IPv6可以作為IPv4的替代品，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章前半部分首先提出了IPv4所出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題，接著后面講到了解決這些問(wèn)題的替換方案，也就是IPv6，所以選項(xiàng)D作為標(biāo)題更恰當(dāng)。

4.單選題

Hewas（）forhisyearsofservicetothecompanywithagrandfarewellpartyandseveralpresents.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.awarded

B.rewarded

C.warded

D.safeguarded

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。award“授予，判定”；reward“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，獎(jiǎng)賞”；ward“避開(kāi)，保衛(wèi)，守護(hù)”；safeguard“保護(hù)，保衛(wèi)”。句意：他因數(shù)年對(duì)公司的貢獻(xiàn)而獲得獎(jiǎng)賞，公司為他舉行了一個(gè)隆重的歡送會(huì)還有幾樣禮物。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.單選題

Althoughthistheorywasneverrigidlydisproved,thedoctrinewasgenerallyabandoned（）theopposingview.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.infavorof

B.inplaceof

C.insteadof

D.intermsof

【答案】A

【解析】介詞詞組辨析。infavorof“贊同，支持”；inplaceof“代替”；insteadof“代替，而不是……”；intermsof“在……方面”。句意：盡管這一理論沒(méi)有被嚴(yán)格地被反駁過(guò)，但是教條會(huì)被拋棄，而轉(zhuǎn)向它的對(duì)立面。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.單選題

Topicsofconversationshouldbe（）totheexperiencesandinterestsofthestudents.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rigid

B.rigorous

C.relevant

D.remarkable

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。rigid嚴(yán)格的，死板的；rigorous嚴(yán)格的，嚴(yán)酷的；relevant相關(guān)的，常與介詞to搭配，意為與……相關(guān)；remarkable卓越的，非凡的。只有relevant能與句中的to搭配。句意：對(duì)話的主題應(yīng)該與學(xué)生的經(jīng)歷和興趣相關(guān)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

7.單選題

Thoughthe37-year-oldmanhadobserved300differentspottydogsforonly2hours,hecouldrecall（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whatfeatureseachdoghad

B.whatfeatureshadeachdog

C.whathadfeatureseachdog

D.whatfeatureshadeachdoghad

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知缺賓語(yǔ)，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有whatfeatureseachdoghad是個(gè)正確的從句，可以擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，句意為：盡管這位37歲的男子對(duì)300只不同的斑點(diǎn)狗只觀察了兩個(gè)小時(shí)，但他能回憶起每只狗的特點(diǎn)。故答案選A，其他幾項(xiàng)語(yǔ)序有誤。

8.單選題

Languageelementsaretoaliteraturework（

）constructionmaterialstoabuilding.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.which

C.what

D.so

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)合句意可知are后面缺個(gè)名詞做表語(yǔ)，只有what可以，句意為：語(yǔ)言對(duì)于文學(xué)作品而言就如建筑材料對(duì)于建筑物一樣。故答案選C。

9.翻譯題

WehavenoideaifonlineadsworkInthesummerof2003,ViacomexecutiveMelKarmazinmanagedtosumupoldmedia’shorroroftheInternetwithoneofbusinesslore’sgreatestvulgaron-liners.Karmazin,aswaggeringformeradsalesmanandonetimeCBSCorporationpresident,hadmadeanexpeditiontocheckoutSiliconValley'shottestyoungupstart:Google.Sittinginthefuturesearchgiant’soffices,helistenedindismayasitsfounders,LarryPageandSergeyBrin,anditsCEO,EricSchmidt,detailedthemanywaystheircompanycouldtrackandanalyzetheeffectivenessofonlineadvertising.Thiscouldnotpossiblybegoodforbusiness,Karmazinthought,1.Ithadalwaysbeennearlyimpossibleformarketerstotellwhichoftheiradsworkedandwhichdidn’tandthelesstheyknew,themoreanetworklikeCBScouldchargefora30-secondspot.Artwasfarmoreprofitablethanscience.

Adecadelater,someonefinallyseemstobe,well,messingwithGoogle'sownbagoftricks.Lastyear,agroupofeconomistsworkingwitheBay’sinternalresearchlabissuedamassiveexperimentalstudywithasimplestartlingconclusion:Foralarge,well-knownbrand,searchadsareprobablyworthless.2.Thismonth,theirfindingswerere-releasedasaworkingpaperbytheNationalBureauofEconomicResearchandgreetedwitharoundofcoverageaskingwhetherInternetadvertisingofanykindworksatall.

“Weknowalotlessthantheadvertisingindustrywouldlikeustothinkweknow,"StevenTadelis,oneoftheeBaystudy’sco-authors,toldme.

AskGoogle.FacebookorTwitter,ofcourse,andthey’llreliablybustoutthird-partyresearchexplainingthattheiradsworkjustfine,evenifconsumersdon’talwaysclickonthem.Anentireecosystemofanalyticscompanies,includingbignameslikeComScoreandNielsen,hasevolvedtotellclientswhichonlineadvertisementsgivethemthebiggestbangfortheirbucks,Especiallycutting-edgefirms,suchasDialogic.Haveevenfoundwaystodrawcorrelationsbetweentheadsconsumersseeonlineandwhattheybuyinstores.Weareswimmingindata.3.AndthereareplentyofprofessionalsouttherehappytotellcorporateAmericawhatallthatdatameans,withthehelpofsomefancymathematicalmodels.

Theproblem,accordingtoTadelisandothers,isthatmuchofthedatawebsitesgenerateismoreorlessuseless.Someoftheproblemsarepracticallyasoleasmarkingitself.Forinstance,companiesliketorunlargeadcampaignsduringmajorshoppingseasons,likeChristmas.ButifsalesdoublecomeDecember,it’shardtosaywhethertheadortheholidaywasresponsible.Companiesalsounderstandablyliketotargetaudiencestheythinkwilllikewhatthey’reselling.Butthatalwaysleadstothenaggingquestionofwhetherthecustomerwouldhavegoneandpurchasedtheproductregardless.Economistscallthisissue“endogeneity.”DerekThompsonattheAtlanticdubsittheI-was-gonna-buy-it-anywayproblem.”

ButtheInternetalsogunksupattemptsatanalysisinitsownspecialways.Forinstance,ifsomebodysearchesfor“Amazon,bananaslicer,”andclicksonasearchadthatpopsuprightnexttohisresults,chancesarehewouldhavemadeittoAmazon’ssitewithouttheextranudge.EvenifhenevertypedthewordAinzaon,hestillmighthavegottentothesitethroughthenaturalpowerofsearch.4.Intheend,itallcomesdowntotheevergreenchallengeofdistinguishingcorrelation(e.gaFaccebookusersawanadandthenboughtsomeshoes)fromcausation(e.g.,aFacebookuserboughtsomeshoesbecausehesawanad).

Thereis,however,awaytogetaroundthesehurdles.Runanalyticscompaniesdon’tdothat,relyinginsteadonelaboratestatisticalregressionsthattrytoflaweddata.Butit’stherouteTapeless—nowabusinessprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley—andhiscollaboratorstookwitheBay.5.Intheirfirsttest,theresearcherslookedatwhatwouldhappenifthecompanystoppedbuyingadsnexttoitsownname,whichseemedlikethemostobviouswasteofmoney.Todoso,theypulledtheadsfromYahooandMSNbutleftthemrunningonGoogle.Itturnedout,theadvertisingmadevirtuallynodifference.YeteBaywasspendingdollarseverytimeacustomerclickedanadinsteadofthelinksittingrightbelowit.

【答案】1.營(yíng)銷人員通常幾乎不可能告訴他們哪些廣告有效，哪些沒(méi)有。而且他們知道得越少，像CBS這樣的網(wǎng)絡(luò)可能會(huì)在30秒內(nèi)索要越多的費(fèi)用。

2.本月，研究調(diào)查結(jié)果由國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)研究局作為工作文件而重新發(fā)布，并引發(fā)了一輪關(guān)于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)廣告是否有效的討論。

3.有很多專業(yè)人士樂(lè)于借助一些奇特的數(shù)學(xué)模型，告訴美國(guó)企業(yè)所有數(shù)據(jù)的含義。

4.最后，這一切都?xì)w結(jié)于一個(gè)長(zhǎng)久的挑戰(zhàn)：區(qū)分相關(guān)性（比如，一個(gè)臉書(shū)用戶看了一個(gè)廣告，然后買了雙鞋）與因果關(guān)系（比如，一個(gè)臉書(shū)用戶買了一雙鞋，是因?yàn)榭吹搅艘粋€(gè)廣告）。

5.在第一次測(cè)試中，研究人員研究了如果該公司停止以自己的名義購(gòu)買廣告將會(huì)發(fā)生什么，這似乎明顯浪費(fèi)了錢。

10.單選題

Thisyearmarkthe100thanniversaryofthedeadliesteventinU.S.history:theSpanishinfluenzaepidemicof1918.Althoughscienceandtechnologyhaveadvancedtremendouslyoverthepastcentury,thePandemicperilremains;arecentexerciseattheJohnsHopkinsCenterforHealthSecurityshowedthatanepidemicofaninfluenza-likeviruscouldkill15millionAmericansinasingleyear.

Themedicalcommunity’sresponsetothisdangeris,understandably,focusedonresearchandresponse—discoveringnewvaccines,therapeutics,anddiagnosticsandfightingongoingepidemics,suchasthecurrentEbolaoutbreakinCongo.Buttheseurgentundertakingsarenotsufficient.IftheWorldistotacklemanyfactorsthatraiseourriskofadevastatingpandemic,themedicalcommunitymayhavetoentertheatresofoperationbeyondthelaboratorybenchandthetreatmentunitandpubliclyengagewithcontroversialissuesthatsomeobserverswouldconsidernonmedical.Indeed,Ibelievethatonlysucheffortscansaveusfromthesocialtrends,politicalmovements,andpolicyfailuresthatarcelevatingourriskofapandemic.Therearethreeaspectsinparticularwherethemedicalcommunity’sinterventionisurgentlyneeded.

Firstistherisingtideofisolationismandxenophobia(排外)inmanyhigh-incomenations,particularlytheUnitedStatesandEuropeancountries.Thebeliefthatisolatingourselvesfromtheworldcanpreventthespreadofdiseasesisirrational:wecanbuildnowallhighenoughtokeepoutinfectiousdiseasesanddisease-bearingvectors.

Thesecondtrendisthegrowingtideofantiscientificthinkingandresistancetoevidence-basedmedicine.Inlow-incomecountries,skepticismaboutvaccinesisaneverlastingchallenge,butwhatweareseeingintheUnitedStatesandEuropeissomethingverydifferent,andverydangerous.Thegrowingrefusalofparentsinhigh-incomecountriestovaccinatetheirchildrenisthetipofanicebergthatcouldsinkusallintheeventofanepidemicdemandingrapidvaccinedeploymentandacceptance.

Finally,andperhapsmostfundamentally,medicalprofessionalscanstepintothepublicarenatotakeonunpleasantandcontentiouspoliticalissuessuchasclimatechangeandisolationism.Manymembersofthemedicalcommunityprefertoavoidbecominginvolvedincontroversialissuesthatseemtobeoutsidethescopeofmedicalconcerns,buttheirvoicesareneededtoconfrontsuchissues.

1.Whatdoestheauthormainlydointhefirstparagraph?

2.Toaddresstheincreasingriskofpandemics,theauthorsuggeststhatthemedicalcommunity（

）.

3.AccordingtoParagraph3,whatdotheUnitedStatesandEuropeancountriesneedtodotopreventinfectiousdiseasesanddisease-bearingvectors?

4.WhatcanbesaidofthesecondtrendmentionedinParagraph4?

5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Warntheworldagainsttheupcominginfluenzapandemic.

B.Givecredittotremendousadvancesinscienceandtechnology.

C.Remindthereadersofthepotentialdevastatingpandemicperils.

D.ReflectontheseverityoftheSpanishinfluenzaepidemicof1918.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.focusmoreontheurgentundertakings

B.paymoreattentiontoresearchandresponse

C.makequickerresponseinfightingongoingepidemics

D.getmoreactivelyengagedwithissuesotherthanmedical

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Tobuildhighwalls.

B.Tomaintainanopenmentality.

C.Toisolatethemselvesfromeachother.

D.Tolearnfromotherhigh-incomenations.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Skepticismaboutvaccinescanbetackledeasily.

B.Antiscientificthinkingisnotseriousinlow-incomecountries.

C.High-incomecountriesshouldlearnfromlow-incomecountries.

D.Parentalresistancetovaccinatingtheirchildrencanbedisastrous.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Medicalconcernsareascontroversialasnonmedicalissues.

B.Medicalprofessionalsshouldbemoreconcernedwithmedicalissues.

C.Moreandmoremedicalprofessionalsareinvolvedincontroversialissues.

D.Themedicalcommunityshouldplayamoreactiveroleincontroversialissues.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whatdoestheauthormainlydointhefirstparagraph?作者在第一段主要做什么？

A.Warntheworldagainsttheupcominginfluenzapandemic.A.警告世界警惕即將到來(lái)的流感大流行。

B.Givecredittotremendousadvancesinscienceandtechnology.B.把功勞歸于科學(xué)技術(shù)的巨大進(jìn)步。

C.Remindthereadersofthepotentialdevastatingpandemicperils.C.提醒讀者潛在的毀滅性流行病的危險(xiǎn)。

D.ReflectontheseverityoftheSpanishinfluenzaepidemicof1918.D.回顧1918年西班牙流感疫情的嚴(yán)重性。

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】第一段“雖然科學(xué)和技術(shù)在過(guò)去一個(gè)世紀(jì)中取得了巨大的進(jìn)步，但流行病的危險(xiǎn)仍然存在。”可知這里作者想“提醒讀者注意潛在的毀滅性流行病的危險(xiǎn)”，故C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“警告世界警惕即將到來(lái)的流感大流行?！?，屬于對(duì)第一段的片面理解，該選項(xiàng)以偏概全；

B選項(xiàng)“把功勞歸于科學(xué)技術(shù)的巨大進(jìn)步?！?，對(duì)第一段的片面理解，屬于以偏概全；

D選項(xiàng)“回顧1918年西班牙流感疫情的嚴(yán)重性。”，第一段沒(méi)有提及嚴(yán)重性，屬于無(wú)中生有。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Toaddresstheincreasingriskofpandemics,theauthorsuggeststhatthemedicalcommunity（）.為了應(yīng)對(duì)不斷增加的流行病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，作者建議醫(yī)學(xué)界____。

A.focusmoreontheurgentundertakingsA.把更多的精力放在緊急的事情上

B.paymoreattentiontoresearchandresponseB.多注意研究和應(yīng)對(duì)

C.makequickerresponseinfightingongoingepidemicsC.迅速應(yīng)對(duì)疫情

D.getmoreactivelyengagedwithissuesotherthanmedicalD.積極參與醫(yī)療以外的問(wèn)題

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位至原文第二段第二句和第三句“但這些緊急措施是不夠的。如果我們要應(yīng)對(duì)諸多引起毀滅性流行病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的因素，醫(yī)學(xué)界可能要超越實(shí)驗(yàn)室和治療單位，進(jìn)入實(shí)際，并公開(kāi)參與某些觀察家認(rèn)為的非醫(yī)學(xué)的爭(zhēng)議性問(wèn)題?！笨芍髡呓ㄗh醫(yī)學(xué)界要參與醫(yī)療以外的問(wèn)題。D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“把更多的精力放在緊急的事情上”，文中沒(méi)有提及屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“多注意研究和應(yīng)對(duì)”，文中沒(méi)有提及屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“迅速應(yīng)對(duì)疫情”，可以定位到倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句“高收入國(guó)家的父母越來(lái)越拒絕為孩子接種疫苗，這只是冰山一角，一旦出現(xiàn)需要迅速部署和接受疫苗的疫情，我們所有人都可能陷入困境。”，從中可知原文只是提到一旦出現(xiàn)需要迅速部署和接受疫苗的疫情，我們所有人都可能陷入困境，并沒(méi)有說(shuō)為了應(yīng)對(duì)不斷增加的流行病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，作者建議醫(yī)學(xué)界應(yīng)該迅速應(yīng)對(duì)疫情，屬于張冠李戴。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

AccordingtoParagraph3,whatdotheUnitedStatesandEuropeancountriesneedtodotopreventinfectiousdiseasesanddisease-bearingvectors?根據(jù)第3段，美國(guó)和歐洲國(guó)家需要做什么來(lái)預(yù)防傳染病和攜帶疾病的媒介？

A.Tobuildhighwalls.A.建造高墻。

B.Tomaintainanopenmentality.B.保持開(kāi)放的心態(tài)。

C.Toisolatethemselvesfromeachother.C.使他們彼此隔離。

D.Tolearnfromotherhigh-incomenations.D.向其他高收入國(guó)家學(xué)習(xí)。

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)出處提示詞Paragraph3與題干信息可定位至原文第三段，該段提到了美國(guó)和歐洲國(guó)家在預(yù)防流行病上具有排外和孤立的思潮。由第三段第二句“認(rèn)為將自己與世界隔絕就能防止疾病傳播的想法是不合理的：我們無(wú)法筑起足夠高的墻來(lái)阻擋傳染病和傳播疾病的媒介?！庇纱司淇芍粦?yīng)該有排外和獨(dú)立他國(guó)的思想，所以B選項(xiàng)“保持開(kāi)放的心態(tài)”是美國(guó)和歐洲國(guó)家需要做的。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“建造高墻?！保山忸}思路可知文中提到“我們無(wú)法筑起足夠高的墻來(lái)阻擋傳染病和傳播疾病的媒介。”，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“使他們彼此隔離。”，由解題思路可知文中提到“認(rèn)為將自己與世界隔絕就能防止疾病傳播的想法是不合理的”，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“向其他高收入國(guó)家學(xué)習(xí)?！?，文中沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WhatcanbesaidofthesecondtrendmentionedinParagraph4?第四段提到的第二種趨勢(shì)是什么？

A.Skepticismaboutvaccinescanbetackledeasily.A.對(duì)疫苗的懷疑很容易解決。

B.Antiscientificthinkingisnotseriousinlow-incomecountries.B.反科學(xué)思想在低收入國(guó)家并不嚴(yán)重。

C.High-incomecountriesshouldlearnfromlow-incomecountries.C.高收入國(guó)家應(yīng)該向低收入國(guó)家學(xué)習(xí)。

D.Parentalresistancetovaccinatingtheirchildrencanbedisastrous.D.父母對(duì)給孩子接種疫苗的抵制可能是災(zāi)難性的。

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)出處提示詞Paragraph4與題干信息詞secondtrend可定位至原文第四段第一句“第二個(gè)趨勢(shì)是越來(lái)越多的反科學(xué)思維和對(duì)循證醫(yī)學(xué)的抵制”。該趨勢(shì)中提到“在低收入國(guó)家，對(duì)疫苗的懷疑是一個(gè)永恒的挑戰(zhàn)”以及“高收入國(guó)家的父母越來(lái)越拒絕為孩子接種疫苗”，因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)疫苗的懷疑很容易解決?！?，原文提到“對(duì)疫苗的懷疑是一個(gè)永恒的挑戰(zhàn)”，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“反科學(xué)思想在低收入國(guó)家并不嚴(yán)重?！保山忸}思路可知與第二種趨勢(shì)相反，屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“高收入國(guó)家應(yīng)該向低收入國(guó)家學(xué)習(xí)。”，該段沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?從最后一段可以推斷出什么？

A.Medicalconcernsareascontroversialasnonmedicalissues.A.醫(yī)療問(wèn)題和非醫(yī)療問(wèn)題一樣具有爭(zhēng)議性。

B.Medicalprofessionalsshouldbemoreconcernedwithmedicalissues.B.醫(yī)療專業(yè)人員應(yīng)該更關(guān)注醫(yī)療問(wèn)題。

C.Moreandmoremedicalprofessionalsareinvolvedincontroversialissues.C.越來(lái)越多的醫(yī)療專業(yè)人員卷入了有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題。

D.Themedicalcommunityshouldplayamoreactiveroleincontroversialissues.D.醫(yī)療界應(yīng)該在有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題上發(fā)揮更積極的作用。

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)出處提示詞lastparagraph與題干信息可定位至原文最后一段第一句“最后，也許是最根本的，醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)人員可以步入公共舞臺(tái)，處理令人不快和有爭(zhēng)議的政治問(wèn)題，如氣候變化和孤立主義”，由此句可知醫(yī)學(xué)人員可以多去處理醫(yī)學(xué)以外的有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題。因此D選項(xiàng)符合原文，選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“醫(yī)療問(wèn)題和非醫(yī)療問(wèn)題一樣具有爭(zhēng)議性?！?，文中沒(méi)有提及屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“醫(yī)療專業(yè)人員應(yīng)該更關(guān)注醫(yī)療問(wèn)題?！保c最后一段意思相反，原文是希望醫(yī)學(xué)人員處理醫(yī)學(xué)以外的有爭(zhēng)議的政治問(wèn)題等，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“越來(lái)越多的醫(yī)療專業(yè)人員卷入了有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題?！?，文中沒(méi)有提及屬于無(wú)中生有。

11.單選題

Themostinterestingnewcarsmayowe()thesimplewisdomofhiringafewtalentedpeopleandallowingthemtowork.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lesslocalfree-spiritednessthan

B.lesslocalfree-spiritednessthanto

C.tolesslocalfree-spiritednessthanto

D.lesstolocalfree-spiritednessthanto

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。oweto“歸功于”是固定搭配，與比較級(jí)less…than連用，應(yīng)為owelessto…thanto…。句意：最有趣的新車與其說(shuō)得益于當(dāng)?shù)氐淖杂删?，還不如說(shuō)是得益于一種簡(jiǎn)單的智慧，即雇傭幾個(gè)能人，并讓他們?yōu)橹ぷ?。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.單選題

Heisholdinga（）positioninthecompanyandexpectstobepromotedsoon.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.subordinate

B.succeeding

C.successive

D.subsequent

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:他如今在公司任一個(gè)（）職位，他期望能夠盡快升職。

subordinate下級(jí)的，次要的；succeeding以后的；successive連續(xù)的，接替的；subsequent后來(lái)的，隨后的。根據(jù)后半句“他期望能夠盡快升職”推測(cè)，A項(xiàng)subordinate次要的符合句意。

13.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Whenyouchooseafreezer,rememberit’sprobablygoingtobewithyouforalongtime.Nosinglestyleorsizeisbest,soit’simportanttoknowwhichfreezerisrightforyourneeds.

First,decideifyouwantanuprightorchestmodel.Uprightsaremoreconvenient.Theirstoragespaceismoreaccessibleandtheytakeuplessfloorarea.However,chestmodelsaremoreenergy-efficientbecauselesscoldairescapeswhentheyareopen.

Ifyou’rebuyinganupright,you’llhavetochoosebetweenfrostlessormanualdefrost.Chestfreezersarealwaysmanual.Frostlessfreezersautomaticallydefrostatpresetintervalsandremovethewater.Manualmodelsmustbedefrostedbyhandeveryfewmonthsorwheneverfrostaccumulatestoaboutaquarterofaninch.

Tohelpyourfreezerreacharipeoldage,trytofindaspotthat’scool,dry,andawayfromdrafts.Draftsandheatwillraisethefreezer’scabinettemperatureandmakeitworkhardertokeepcool.Thatmeanswastedenergyandashortenedcompressorlife.

Dryairisimportantbecausehighhumiditycancausethefreezertorustoutsideandfrostupinside.Withpropercare,afreezercanserveyoufor15yearsormore.

Frostlessmodelsrequirelesscarethanmanualdefrostfreezers.Theinteriorofafrostlessunitshouldbewashedperiodicallywithwarmwaterandbakingsodaoramildsoap,rinsed,anddried.

Togetthemostfromyourfreezer,checkregularlytomakesureit’sprovidingatruezero-degreetemperature.

Keepthefreezeratleastthree-quartersfull.Theemptieritgets,themoreenergyiswaswasted.Ifmorethanthreepoundsoffoodpercubicfootofstoragespaceisaddedevery24hours,theresultinghighorlowtemperaturescandamagethefood.

1.WhichisNOTthedifferencebetweenuprightmodelfreezerandchestmodelfreezer?

2.Theunderlinedword“manual”inthethirdparagraphmeans（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,choosingthebestplaceforyourfreezermeans（

）.

4.WhichisNOTmentionedaboutthefactorswhichcaninfluencethelifespanoffreezers?

5.Whichstatementbestdescribesthemainideaofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Anuprightmodeltakeslessroomontheground.

B.Anuprightfreezeriseasierforpeopletoputinandtakeoutfood.

C.Achestfreezerismoreeffectivethananuprightone.

D.Achestmodelneedmanualdefrostwhileanuprightoneneedn’t.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.man-made

B.automatic

C.usinghands

D.everlasting

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.puttingitinanunheatedgarageifpossible

B.tryingtokeepitawayfromheat,drafts,andhumidity

C.locatingitnearasinkifitisamanual-defrostmodel

D.locatingitascloseaspossibletothekitchendoor

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Humidity

B.Propercare

C.Theamountofstorage

D.Surroundingtemperature

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itdiscussestheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoffreezers.

B.Ittellsthemosteconomicalwaystouseafreezer.

C.Itexplainshowtodefrostamanual-defrostfreezer.

D.Itoffersadviceaboutchoosingandcaringforafreezer.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：立式冰柜和箱式冰柜的區(qū)別是什么？A選項(xiàng)“立式冰柜占的空間更小?！?；B選項(xiàng)“直立式冰箱更便于人們放入和取出食物?！?；C選項(xiàng)“箱式冰箱比立式冰箱更有效?！保籇選項(xiàng)“箱式冰柜需要人工除霜，而立式冰柜則不需要?！?。第二段第二句話：Uprightsaremoreconvenient.Theirstoragespaceismoreaccessibleandtheytakeuplessfloorarea.However,chestmodelsaremoreenergy-efficient…（立式冰箱比較方便。它們的存儲(chǔ)空間更方便，占用的面積更少。然而，箱式冰柜更節(jié)能……），由此可以看出A、B、C正確；雖然前面半句正確但是文章沒(méi)有提到立式冰柜不需要除霜，所以答案選D。

第2題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A“人造的”；B選項(xiàng)“自動(dòng)的”；C選項(xiàng)“使用手的”；D選項(xiàng)“永恒的”。定位到文章第三段第一句Ifyou’rebuyinganupright,you’llhavetochoosebetweenfrostlessormanualdefrost（如果你要買直筒式的，你必須在無(wú)霜和（）除霜之間做出選擇。）這里根據(jù)句意是說(shuō)有兩種冰箱做選擇，有些冰箱是無(wú)霜冰箱，既然是做選擇也就是另一些是有霜的，這些有霜冰箱不能自動(dòng)除霜就需要手動(dòng)來(lái)除霜。所以這里答案選C，其他選項(xiàng)不符合題意。

第3題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：根據(jù)文章，為你的冰箱選擇最好的地方意味著……A選項(xiàng)“如果可能的話，把它放在沒(méi)有暖氣的車庫(kù)里”；B選項(xiàng)“盡量讓它遠(yuǎn)離熱量，氣流和濕度”；C選項(xiàng)“如果它是手動(dòng)除霜型，就把它放在水槽附近”；D選項(xiàng)“把它放在離廚房門越近越好”。根據(jù)題干定位到第四段第一句話…trytofindaspotthat’scool,dry,andawayfromdrafts（……找一個(gè)涼爽、干燥、遠(yuǎn)離穿堂風(fēng)的地方），B選項(xiàng)是這句話的同意替換，所以答案選B選項(xiàng)。文章沒(méi)有建議把冰箱放在某個(gè)具體的地方，所以答案A、C、D都不能選。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：影響冰箱壽命的因素有哪些沒(méi)有提到？A選項(xiàng)“濕度”；B選項(xiàng)“適當(dāng)?shù)木S護(hù)”；C選項(xiàng)“存儲(chǔ)的數(shù)量”；D選項(xiàng)“周圍的溫度”。定位到文章第四段第一句…trytofindaspotthat’scool,dry,andawayfromdrafts（……找一個(gè)涼爽、干燥、遠(yuǎn)離穿堂風(fēng)的地方）這里講了溫度和濕度，所以答案A、D排除；定位到第五段第二句話Withpropercare,afreezercanserveyoufor15yearsormore.（如果使用得當(dāng)，冰箱可以為你服務(wù)15年甚至更久）這里講的是維護(hù)和保養(yǎng)，所以B選項(xiàng)排除；答案選C選項(xiàng)。

第5題:主旨大意題。A選項(xiàng)“它討論了冰箱的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)”；B選項(xiàng)“它告訴了最經(jīng)濟(jì)的使用冰箱的方法”；C選項(xiàng)“它解釋了如何解凍一個(gè)手動(dòng)解凍冰柜”；D選項(xiàng)“它提供了選擇和照顧冰箱的建議”。定位到文章第一段第一句話Whenyouchooseafreezer…（當(dāng)你選冰箱的時(shí)候……）；第二段第一句話First,decideifyouwantanuprightorchestmodel.（首先，決定你是想要一個(gè)直立的還是箱型的）；第四段第一句話Tohelpyourfreezerreacharipeoldage…（為了讓你的冰箱壽命更長(zhǎng)……）從這些可以看出這篇文章是關(guān)于冰箱的選擇和保養(yǎng)的文章，所以答案選D。

14.單選題

By1900,manymunicipalitieshadbeguntorestricttheuseofautomobilesinordertoensurepedestriansafety.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.amplify

B.standardize

C.limit

D.prohibit

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.amplify擴(kuò)大B.standardize使標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化

C.limit限制D.prohibit禁止

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析

【解題思路】劃線詞部分語(yǔ)義為“____汽車的使用，以確保行人的安全”，原詞restrict“限制”，C選項(xiàng)limit“限制”最符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)amplify“擴(kuò)大”，不符合原句語(yǔ)義；

B選項(xiàng)standardize“使標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化”，不符合原句語(yǔ)義；

D選項(xiàng)prohibit“禁止”，指完全不讓使用，不符合原句語(yǔ)義。

【句意】到1900年，許多城市開(kāi)始限制汽車的使用，以確保行人的安全。

15.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingpassageintoChinese

Itissimpleenoughtosaythatsincebookshaveclassesfiction,biography,poetry―weshouldseparatethemandlakefromeachwhatitisrightthateachshouldgiveus.Yetfewpeopleaskfrombookswhatbookscangiveus.Mostcommonlywecometobookswithblurredanddividedminds,askingoffictionthatitshallbetrue,ofpoetrythatitshallbefalse,ofbiographythatitshallbeflattering,ofhistorythatitshallenforceourownprejudices.Ifwecouldbanishallsuchpreconceptionwhenweread,whatwouldbeanadmirablebeginning.Donotdictatetoyourauthor,trytobecomehim.Behisfellowworkerandaccomplice.Ifyouhangback,andreserveandcriticizeatfirst,youarepreventingyourselffromgettingthefullestpossiblevaluefromwhatyouread.Butifyouopenyourmindaswidelyaspossible,thensignsandhintsofalmostimperceptiblefinesse,f