書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-大連藝術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Whenyouchoseapieceofcloth,themostimportantthingthatyoushouldpayattentiontoisits______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.textile

B.content

C.style

D.texture

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)textile“紡織品”；B選項(xiàng)content“含量；（書、講話、節(jié)目等的）主題，主要內(nèi)容”；C選項(xiàng)style“設(shè)計式樣；（某個時期或群體的藝術(shù)）風(fēng)格”；D選項(xiàng)texture“質(zhì)地，手感；口感”。句意：當(dāng)你選擇一塊布的時候，最重要的是要注意它的質(zhì)地。根據(jù)語境，這里在講如何挑選布料，布料的______非常重要，D選項(xiàng)texture“質(zhì)地，手感”符合題意；而C選項(xiàng)style“設(shè)計式樣；（某個時期或群體的藝術(shù)）風(fēng)格”形容服裝更合適，布料沒太多設(shè)計樣式和風(fēng)格可言。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Smoking,whichmaybeapleasureforsomepeople,isaserioussourceofdiscomfortfortheirfellows.（1）,medicalauthoritiesexpresstheir（2）abouttheeffectofsmoking（3）thehealthnotonlyofthosewhosmokebutalsoofthosewhodon’t.Infact,non-smokerswhomust（4）inhaletheairpollutedbytobaccosmokemay（5）morethanthesmokersthemselves.

A（6）numberofourstudentshave（7）inaneffortto（8）theuniversitytobansmokingintheclassrooms.Ibelievetheyare（9）rightintheiraim.（10）,Iwouldhopethatitis（11）toachievethisby（12）thesmokerstousegoodjudgmentandshowconcern（13）othersratherthanbyregulation.

Iamthereforeaskingyouto（14）“NoSmoking”intheauditoriums,classroomsandseminarrooms.Thiswillprovethatyouhavethenon-smoker’shealthandwell-being（15）,whichisveryimportanttoalargenumberofourstudents.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Still

B.More

C.Again

D.Further

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.concern

B.trouble

C.interest

D.displeasure

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.in

C.with

D.to

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.involuntarily

B.instinctively

C.spontaneously

D.reluctantly

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.endure

B.suffer

C.undergo

D.putupwith

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.few

B.considerable

C.many

D.quantitative

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.linked

B.connected

C.associated

D.joined

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.make

B.persuade

C.cause

D.commit

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.entirely

B.totally

C.just

D.wholly

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.Butthen

B.However

C.Although

D.Moreover

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.likely

B.probably

C.capable

D.possible

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.pleading

B.begging

C.insisting

D.callingon

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.for

C.to

D.in

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.inscribe

B.decorate

C.maintain

D.claim

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.onhead

B.inheart

C.inmind

D.inyourbrain

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

第6題:B

第7題:D

第8題:B

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:D

第12題:D

第13題:B

第14題:C

第15題:C

【解析】（1）邏輯關(guān)系。前一句提到吸煙是引起同伴不愉快的原因，空格后一句提到醫(yī)學(xué)權(quán)威表明吸煙還會損害人體健康，所以前后兩句都是表示吸煙會帶來不好的影響，為遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（2）固定搭配。concern“關(guān)心”；trouble“麻煩”；interest“興趣，愛好”；displeasure“不愉快”。句意：醫(yī)學(xué)權(quán)威們表明了他們對吸煙帶來健康危害問題的關(guān)心。concernabout“關(guān)心，顧慮”。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（3）固定搭配。effecton“對的影響”，文中提到了抽煙對吸煙者和不吸煙者都有身體健康危害。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（4）上下文語境。involuntarily“無心地，不自覺地”；instinctively“本能地”；spontaneously“自發(fā)地，自然地”；reluctantly“不情愿地，勉強(qiáng)地”句意：不抽煙的人被迫吸入被煙污染的空氣。選項(xiàng)D符合題意，

（5）近義詞詞義辨析。endure特指忍耐的時間較長，強(qiáng)調(diào)時間；suffer常指遭受某些糟糕的事情；putupwith指忍受、容忍一些小事；undergo指經(jīng)歷某些過程。句意：不抽煙的人被迫吸入被煙霧污染的空氣，遭受到的傷害比吸煙的人還要多。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（6）形容詞詞義辨析。few“幾乎沒有，少的”；considerable“相當(dāng)大的”；many“大量的”，quantitative“定量的”。句意：大量的學(xué)生為教室禁煙做了努力。aconsiderablenumberof“大量的”，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（7）動詞詞義辨析。link“；連接，聯(lián)系”；connect“連接”；associate“聯(lián)系，關(guān)聯(lián)”；join“加入”。句意：很多學(xué)生加入到這種教室禁煙活動中。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（8）上下文語境。根據(jù)文章意思，是勸說學(xué)生們禁止在教室抽煙，persuadesb.todosth.“勸說某人做某事”，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（9）副詞詞義辨析。entirely“程度上整個地，徹底地”；totally“整個地”；just“僅僅，只”；wholly“全部，統(tǒng)統(tǒng)”。句意：他們在目的上完全是正確的，強(qiáng)調(diào)程度。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（10）邏輯關(guān)系。前一句表示學(xué)生們在意圖上是完全正確的，空格后面就談到希望吸煙者自己能通過自己的判斷能力或者是提高對他人的關(guān)心去禁煙而不是靠一些規(guī)則。所以前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（11）近義詞辨析。本空填形容詞“可能的”，所以排除B選項(xiàng)。常用句型“sb.islikelyto”和“itislikelythat”，排除likely,capable“能干的，有能力的”，不符合文意，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（12）動詞詞義解析。plead“懇求”；beg“請示”，語氣更加強(qiáng)烈。insist“堅持”，在文章中是號召大家禁煙，所以用“callon”短語，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（13）短語搭配。文章意思為表示對他人的關(guān)心，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（14）動詞詞義辨析。inscribe“雕刻”；decorate“裝飾”；maintain“保持”；claim“聲稱”。句意：我在這里號召大家注意聽眾席、教室和研討室的禁煙標(biāo)識。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（15）短語搭配。文章意思為將不吸煙的人的健康和幸福放在心上。“have...inmind”符合文意。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.單選題

MostscholarsagreethatIsaacNewton,whileformulatingthelawsofforceandgravityandinventingthecalculusinthelate1600s,probablyknewallthesciencetherewastoknowatthetime.Intheensuing350yearsanestimated50millionresearchpapersandinnumerablebookshavebeenpublishedinthenaturalsciencesandmathematics.ThemodemhighschoolstudentprobablynowpossessesmorescientificknowledgethanNewtondid,yetsciencetomanypeopleseemstobeanimpenetrablemountainoffacts.

Onewayscientistshavetriedtocopewiththismountainisbybecomingmoreandmorespecialized.Anotherstrategyforcopingwiththemountainofinformationistolargelyignoreit.Thatshouldn’tcomeasasurprise.Sure,youhavetoknowalottobeascientist,butknowingalotisnotwhatmakesascientist.Whatmakesascientistisignorance.Thismaysoundridiculous,butforscientiststhefactsarejustastartingplace.Inscience,everynewdiscoveryraises10newquestions.

Bythiscalculus,ignorancewillalwaysgrowfasterthanknowledge.Scientistsandlaypeoplealikewouldagreethatforallwehavecometoknow,thereisfarmorewedon’tknow.Moreimportant,everydaythereisfarmoreweknowwedon’tknow.Onecrucialoutcomeofscientificknowledgeistogeneratenewandbetterwaysofbeingignorant:notthekindofignorancethatisassociatedwithalackofcuriosityoreducationbutratheracultivated,high-qualityignorance.Thisgetstotheessenceofwhatscientistsdo：theymakedistinctionsbetweenqualitiesofignorance.Theydoitingrantproposalsandoverbeersatmeetings.AsJamesClerkMaxwell,probablythegreatestphysicistbetweenNewtonandEinstein,said,“Thoroughlyconsciousignorance...isapreludetoeveryrealadvanceinknowledge.’’

Thisperspectiveonscience—thatitisaboutthequestionsmorethantheanswers—shouldcomeassomethingofarelief.Itmakessciencelessthreateningandfarmorefriendlyand,infact,fun.Sciencebecomesaseriesofelegantpuzzlesandpuzzleswithinpuzzles—andwhodoesn’tlikepuzzles?Questionsarealsomoreaccessibleandoftenmoreinterestingthananswers;answerstendtobetheendoftheprocess,whereasquestionshaveyouinthethickofthings.

LatelythissideofsciencehastakenabackseatinthepublicmindtowhatIcalltheaccumulationviewofscience—thatitisapileoffactswaytoobigforustoeverhopetoconquer.Butifscientistswouldtalkaboutthequestions,andifthemediareportednotonlyonnewdiscoveriesbutthequestionstheyansweredandthenewpuzzlestheycreated,andifeducatorsstoppedtraffickinginfactsthatarealreadyavailableonWikipedia—thenwemightfindapubliconceagainengagedinthisgreatadventurethathasbeengoingonforthepast15generations.

1.WhichofthefollowingwouldmostscholarsagreetoaboutNewtonandscience?

2.Whichofthefollowingisbestsupportedinthispassage?

3.Whyisitareliefthatscienceisaboutthequestionsmorethantheanswers?

4.Theexpression“takeabackseat”（Line1，Paragraph5）probablymeans(

)

5.Whatistheauthor’sgreatestconcerninthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Newtonwastheonlypersonwhoknewallthescienceinthe1600s.

B.Newton’slawsofforceandgravitydominatedsciencefor350years.

C.SinceNewton’stime,sciencehasdevelopedintoamountainoffacts.

D.AhighschoolstudentprobablyknowsmoresciencethanNewtondid.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Ascientistisamasterofknowledge.

B.Knowledgegeneratesbetterignorance.

C.Ignoranceisasignoflackofeducation.

D.Goodscientistsarethoroughlyignorant

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Becausepeoplelikesolvingpuzzles.

B.Becausequestionsmakescienceaccessible.

C.Becausetherearemorequestionsthananswers.

D.Becausequestionspointthewaytodeepanswers.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.takeabackplace

B.haveadifferentrole

C.beofgreaterpriority

D.becomelessimportant

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theinvolvementofthepublicinscience.

B.Scientists’enjoymentofignorance.

C.Theaccumulationofscientificknowledge.

D.Newton’sstandinginthehistoryofscience.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：關(guān)于牛頓和科學(xué)，大多數(shù)學(xué)者同意以下哪一種觀點(diǎn)？根據(jù)第一段第一句“MostscholarsagreethatIsaacNewton…probablyknewallthesciencetherewastoknowatthetime”和第三句“ThemodemhighschoolstudentprobablynowpossessesmorescientificknowledgethanNewtondid…”,在牛頓的時代他可能知曉那個年代所有的科學(xué)知識，但現(xiàn)代高中生擁有的科學(xué)知識可能都比他要多。A選項(xiàng)only過于絕對，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：下列哪項(xiàng)最能得從本文中獲取依據(jù)？根據(jù)第二段第四句“Sure,youhavetoknowalottobeascientist…”，懂得多的人才能當(dāng)科學(xué)家，因此推出A選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家是知識大師”。根據(jù)第三段第四句“Onecrucialoutcomeofscientificknowledgeistogeneratenewandbetterwaysofbeingignorant…”，科學(xué)知識的一個重要成果是產(chǎn)生新的、更好的無知方式，B選項(xiàng)的主語應(yīng)為科學(xué)知識。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干：為什么科學(xué)關(guān)注的是問題而不是答案？由題干中的question、answer可定位到文章第四段最后一句“Questionsarealsomoreaccessibleandoftenmoreinterestingthananswers;answerstendtobetheendoftheprocess,whereasquestionshaveyouinthethickofthings”，作者認(rèn)為，人們更容易了解問題（questionsarealsomoreaccessible）。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.詞義推測題。題干：”takeabackseat”可能是指______。第五段第一句“LatelythissideofsciencehastakenabackseatinthepublicmindtowhatIcalltheaccumulationviewofscience—thatitisapileoffactswaytoobigforustoeverhopetoconquer”提到，人們越來越不在乎科學(xué)的這一面了。因此這里的“takeabackseat”指“變得沒俺么重要”。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干：作者在這篇文章中最關(guān)心的是什么？全文講的是科學(xué)與大眾的關(guān)系，文章最后總結(jié)道“thenwemightfindapubliconceagainengagedinthisgreatadventurethathasbeengoingonforthepast15generations”，作者關(guān)注的是讓大眾參與到科學(xué)中來。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.單選題

Moviedirectorsusemusicto（

）theactiononthescreen.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contaminate

B.compliment

C.contemplate

D.complement

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。contaminate“污染”；compliment“恭維”；contemplate“沉思，注視”；complement“補(bǔ)充”。句意：電影導(dǎo)演用音樂來補(bǔ)充熒幕上的動作。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.翻譯題

Canapersonconsiderhimselfathinking,creative,responsiblecitizenandnotcareabouthistory?Cananinstitutionthatproposestofostersuchattributesdosowithoutincludinghistoryinitscurriculum?Manycollegestudentswouldanswersuchaquestionwithanimmediate"Yes!"Butthosewhoarequicktoanswerdosowithoutreflectingonwhathistorytrulyisandhowandwhyitisimportant.

Historyisboring,complainmanystudents.Unfortunately,alotofpeoplepickupabadtasteofhistoryfromtheprimaryandsecondaryschools.Toomanylower-levelhistorycourses(andcollegelevel,too)arerifewithrotememorizationofdatesandeventsdeemedimportantbytheteacherandtextbooks,coupledwithmonotonelecturesthatcouldinducecomasinhyperactivechildren.

InsteadofsimplymakingstudentsmemorizewhenPearlHarborwasattackedbyJapanese,teachersshouldconcentrateoninstillinganunderstandingofwhytheJapanesefelttheyhadnoalternativebuttoattacktheUnitedStates.Historyisadisciplineofunderstanding,notmemorization.

Anothercommoncomplaintisthathistoryisunimportant.Buteventhemostfanaticantihistorystudents,iftheywerehonest,wouldhavetoadmitthathistoryisimportantatleastwithinthenarrowconfinesoftheirowndisciplinesofstudy.Whybeanartistifyouaremerelygoingtorepeatthepast(andprobablynotasexpertly,sinceyouwouldhavetospendyourtimeformulatingtheoriesRevolutionagain?Howcouldanyonehopetobeamathematician,orascientist,withoutknowingthefield'shistory?Evenageniusneedsabasefromwhichtobuild.Historyhelpsprovidethatbase.

【答案】（1）一個人可以自認(rèn)為是有思想、有創(chuàng)造性、有責(zé)任心的人，卻對歷史毫不在意嗎？一所提倡培養(yǎng)人的這類優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)的學(xué)院會沒有歷史課程嗎？

（2）很多低年級的歷史課程（甚至是大學(xué)的歷史課程）都只是要求學(xué)生對老師和教科書認(rèn)為重要的歷史日期和事件進(jìn)行死記硬背，還伴隨著枯燥乏味的講課，使原本思想活躍的學(xué)生都變得昏昏欲睡。

（3）老師們不宜讓學(xué)生只是簡單記住日本偷襲珍珠港事件的時間，還應(yīng)該將日本為何別無選擇地襲擊美國的原因慢慢灌輸給學(xué)生，最終讓他們理解。

（4）然而，即使是那些十分盲目地反對歷史的學(xué)生，只要他們還算誠實(shí)，也不得不承認(rèn)，至少在他們自己所學(xué)的學(xué)科中，歷史對他們來說是重要的。

（5）如果一個人不知道數(shù)學(xué)界或科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的歷史，他又怎能有望成為數(shù)學(xué)家或者科學(xué)家呢？即使是頗有天賦的人，也需要有一個良好的基礎(chǔ)去發(fā)展成為天才。歷史就是幫助打牢基礎(chǔ)的關(guān)鍵因素。

6.單選題

Thepoisonproducedbythespider'sskinisso（）thatitwillparalyzeabirdoramonkeyimmediately.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lethal

B.liable

C.tedious

D.profound

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞的辨析題。lethal"致死的,致命的";liable"有責(zé)任的,有義務(wù)的";tedious"乏味的,單調(diào)的";profound"知識淵博的。句意：蜘蛛皮膚產(chǎn)生的毒液是致命的，它會立即使一只鳥或一只猴子癱瘓。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

7.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatetheunderlinedpartofthefollowingtextintoEnglish.Writeyourtranslationontheanswersheet.(10points)

春暖花開之日，人們的視野里滿是粉桃白李，綠野芳蹤；秋風(fēng)瑟瑟之際，人們的視野里盡為衰草枯枝，黃葉遍地。因此而引發(fā)了多少傷春悲秋的感嘆。但這些感嘆卻實(shí)際出于心靈的視野，超乎眼睛看到的范圍。

一個熱愛生命的、富于想象的人，他的心靈“看”到、更感受到的，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過他的目力所及。這樣的話，即使他是盲人，也能擁有一個絢爛多姿的世界。反之，有的人雖耳聞目睹人間百態(tài)，卻不會用心去體察、領(lǐng)悟，那么他心靈的視野就只是一片茫茫的白色。

如果處在心靈的荒漠中，誰都會為這無際的空虛而感到寂寞、孤獨(dú)甚至恐懼。其實(shí)，這荒漠只是視野中的“海市蜃樓”?！巴饷娴氖澜纭备杪曇琅f悅耳，花草依舊芳艷，熱情的朋友們正向你走來。只要你自己能夠撥開眼前的迷霧，仔細(xì)審視“視野”中的景象，正視內(nèi)心的細(xì)微感動，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)視野中的美景，自然而然地擺脫這無援的境地。

【答案】【參考譯文】

Ifyoufeelyourselfinadesertofheart,youwouldcertainlyfeellonelyandevenfrightenedamongsuchavastspaceofemptiness.Infact,itisjustavisionarymirage,commontomanypeople.Infact,therearealwayspleasantmelodiesintheworldoutside,aswellasprettyscenesandwarm-heartedfriendswalkinguptoyou.Youaresuretoseethebeautyinyourvisionandgetawayfromthehelplesssituationifyoucanseethroughthemistaroundyou,studythescenesinyourvision,faceeverylittlemoveinyourheart.

8.問答題

CharlesDarwin’s“OntheOriginofSpecies”iscreditedwithsparkingevolution’srevolution

A

inscientificthought,butmanyobservershadponderedevolutionbeforehim.Itwasunderstood

B

theidea’ssignificanceandsellingittothepublicthatmadeDarwingreat,accordingtotheArnold

C

D

Arboretum’snewdirector.

【答案】試題答案：B;understanding

【解析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。understood一般用于beunderstoodas（被理解為），understanding意為“理解的”。

9.單選題

Thelawondrinkinganddrivingis（

）stated.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.extravagantly

B.empirically

C.explicitly

D.exceptionally

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)extravagantly“揮霍無度地”；B選項(xiàng)empirically“以經(jīng)驗(yàn)為主地”；C選項(xiàng)explicitly“明確地，明白地”；D選項(xiàng)exceptionally“例外地，特殊地”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)aw法律”和“stated被表明，被解釋”，可知“明確地”符合題意，句意為：有關(guān)醉酒駕駛的法律規(guī)定得很清楚。故正確答案選C。

10.單選題

Understandingtheflexibilityofaprospectivepartner'snegotiateddealstermsprovidescriticalinsightintothenegotiationprocess（）whatyoucanexpecttoachieveduringthenegotiationofterms.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intermsof

B.incaseof

C.infavorof

D.inviewof

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。intermsof依據(jù)，在…方面；incaseof以免；infavorof有利于，支持；inviewof鑒于，考慮到。句意：從談判的過程中，你期待能實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情的方面，了解潛在合作伙伴的談判條件的靈活性為談判過程提供了重要的視角?？崭窈蟮膬?nèi)容是談判的一方面，故A項(xiàng)正確。

11.翻譯題

修剪樹木可能是為了確保樹木有一個所要求的形狀或大小。

傳統(tǒng)上，電視一直是一種大眾轉(zhuǎn)播傳媒。我們對電視最熟悉，因?yàn)樗砸环N相似的形式存在近50年了。

你可以相信，一個作家付出的努力越大，寫作效果就會越好，得到的回報也就越大。

一個婦女當(dāng)她扮演起多重角色的時候，她會感到更加幸福。

很明顯，在一種體制下，如果每一項(xiàng)決定都只是根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)習(xí)慣來做，那么，社會就會很難進(jìn)步。

【答案】Thepurposeofpruningtreesistoensurethatthetreeshaveadesignedshapeorsize.

Traditionally,TVhadbeenakindofpopularbroadcastmedia.Wearemostfamiliarwithtelevision,foritisasimilarformofexistencefornearly50years.

Itisbelievedthatthemoreeffortawritermakesthebettereffecthewouldobtainandthegreaterresultshewillreceive.

Awomanwhoplaysmanyroleswouldfeelhappier.

Obviously,inasystem,ifeverydecisionmakingisbasedontraditionalhabits,thesocietywouldbeverydifficulttodevelop.

12.單選題

Youmustfacethefactthatinyourinmostheartyouhatethethoughtofmoving.Itiseasiestnottoleavetheroomswhereyourchildrenpassedthroughtheirwonderfulchildhoodandannoyingteenstoafriendlybutslightlydistantcommunitysuddenly.

Until,suddenlyoneday,thedistanceisabsoluteandtheyaregrownupandgone.Thenyoufindyourselflivingintoolargeahouse,whichconsumesinitsmaintenancetoomuchenergyandmoney.Whenwefoundourselvesinthissituationafewyearsago,wedeterminedtomovewhilewestillhadthestrengthandbeforetheemotionaltentacles（觸角）thattheoldhousehadwrappedaroundusbecametoopowerfultobebroken.Movewhileyoucan!Butbesureyoureallywantto,anddonotmovetoooften.Itisanexhaustingprocess.

Yourfirsttaskistofindahousethatwillsuityou.Itmustbesmaller,quieter,easiertorun,andmoreconvenientlyplacedfortransport.Notsosmall,though,thatitwillnotelegantlyaccommodateyourlargestpiecesoffurniture,andlocatednottoofarfromtheneighborhoodwheresomanyfriendshipshavebeenbuiltup.

Atlastwefoundone:alateVictoriancottage,inastreetwherethehouses,allsmall,rangefromlate18thtomid20thcentury.Itwasnearenoughtowherewewantedtolive.Ithadnobasement,whichwasagreatconvenienceforaginglegs.Therewereonlytwofloorsabovegroundlevel:oneforourselvesandonewherefriends,children,andgrandchildrencouldspreadthemselveswhentheycametostay.Eachfloorhadtworooms.Therewasakitchenonthegroundfloor,withthebathroomaboveit.

1.Thepassageconcernsbuying（）.

2.Thepassageimpliesthatgrown-upchildrenare（）.

3.Theauthordecidedtomove（）.

4.Theauthoradvisespeopleinhisownsituation（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,theirnewhousehad（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ahouseforanewlymarriedcouple

B.alargehouseforagrowingfamily

C.abetterhousewhenpeoplehavemoremoneytoinvest

D.asmallerhouseforolderpeoplewhosechildrenhavelefthome

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.morefriendlytotheirparentswhentheyaregrownup

B.distantfromtheirparents

C.friendlybutnotveryclose

D.annoying

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.whentheirhousegavethemtoomuchworkandcosttoomuchtorun

B.whentheygrewtiredoftheirhouse

C.whentheysuddenlygotthestrengthtodoso

D.beforethehousecollapsed

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.tomoveintoaverysmallhouse

B.tomovesomewherewherethelargestpossiblepiecesoffurniturewillfit

C.nottomovetoofarfromthemainroad

D.tochoosesomewherenotsonoisy

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.twofloors

B.threefloors

C.fourfloors

D.twobathrooms

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問：這篇文章提到買（）。D選項(xiàng)“為一個孩子離家的老人買一棟小房子”，定位到倒數(shù)第二段，第二句Itmustbesmaller,quieter,easiertorun,andmoreconvenientlyplacedfortransport.（它必須更小，更安靜，更容易運(yùn)行，更方便運(yùn)輸。）我們可以看出來這個房子應(yīng)該是很小的，并且是給老人住的，因此答案是D。A選項(xiàng)“為一對新人買房子”，B選項(xiàng)“為一個不斷壯大的家庭買一個大房子”，C選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)人們有更多資金時買一棟更好的房子”。

2.判斷推理題。題干問：文章暗示長大的孩子會（）。C選項(xiàng)“更加友好但是不那么親近”，答案定位到第一段whereyourchildrenpassedthroughtheirwonderfulchildhoodandannoyingteenstoafriendlybutslightlydistantcommunitysuddenly.（在這里，你的孩子在一個友好但有點(diǎn)疏遠(yuǎn)的社區(qū)里度過了美好的童年和令人討厭的少年。）我們可以得出，孩子長大后變得更友好，但是也和父母有了距離，因此答案為C。A選項(xiàng)“在他們長大之后對他們的父母更好”，B選項(xiàng)“和父母會產(chǎn)生距離”，D選項(xiàng)“煩人的”。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問：作者決定搬家（）。A選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)他們的房子帶給他們太多的家務(wù)并且需要花費(fèi)很多去打理”，根據(jù)題干我們定位到第二段ahouse,whichconsumesinitsmaintenancetoomuchenergyandmoney.（它消耗了太多的精力和金錢來維護(hù)。）因此答案為A。B選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)他們厭倦了他們現(xiàn)在的房子”，C選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)他們突然有能力去搬家了”，D選項(xiàng)“在房子倒塌之前”。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問：作者建議處于像他這種情況的人（）。B選項(xiàng)“搬到能裝下最大家具的地方”，定位到第三段Notsosmall,though,thatitwillnotelegantlyaccommodateyourlargestpiecesoffurniture（不過也不是太小，不能很好地擺放你最大的家具），因此作者建議這樣人們搬到一個能放得下自己最大家具的房子，不一定要很小，答案為B。A選項(xiàng)“搬進(jìn)去一個非常小的房子”，C選項(xiàng)“不要搬到離主路太遠(yuǎn)的地方”，D選項(xiàng)“選一個不那么吵的地方”。

5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問：根據(jù)原文，這個新房子有（）。A選項(xiàng)“兩層”，定位到最后一段Therewereonlytwofloorsabovegroundlevel（只有地上兩層），我們可以得出這個房子只有兩層；Therewasakitchenonthegroundfloor,withthebathroomaboveit.（一樓有一間廚房，上面是浴室。）通過最后一句話我們可以得出，只有一個洗手間，因此答案為A。B選項(xiàng)“三層”，C選項(xiàng)“四層”，D選項(xiàng)“兩個衛(wèi)生間”。

13.單選題

Themanufacturerwasforcedtoreturnthemoneytotheconsumersunder（）oflaw.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.guideline

B.definition

C.constraint

D.identity

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。guideline“指導(dǎo)方針”;definition“定義,解說”;constraint“約束,強(qiáng)制”;identity“身份,特性,一致”。句意:生產(chǎn)商迫于法律的約束不得不把錢退還給客戶。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

14.單選題

Theexposuretoforeignculturesgraduallyledtothe____ofpeople’swayoflifeinthiscountry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.distribution

B.disintegration

C.disorder

D.destruction

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.distribution分配；分布B.disintegration分裂；解體

C.disorder騷亂；動亂D.destruction摧毀；毀滅

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：對外國文化的接觸逐漸導(dǎo)致了這個國家人民生活方式的……。根據(jù)邏輯，接觸外國文化會逐漸導(dǎo)致本國人們生活習(xí)慣的變化，從而慢慢解體。因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)distribution“分配；分布”，不符合語境；

C選項(xiàng)disorder“騷亂；動亂”，指大群人的暴力行為，不符合語境；

D選項(xiàng)destruction“摧毀；毀滅”，指毀壞某物的行為或被毀滅的過程，而題目中強(qiáng)調(diào)的是結(jié)果，該選項(xiàng)不符合語境。

【句意】外來文化的接觸逐漸導(dǎo)致了這個國家人們生活方式的解體。

15.單選題

Visualrecognitioninvolvesstoringandretrievingmemories.Neuralactivity,triggeredbytheeye,formsanimageinthebrain’smemorysystemthatconstitutesaninternalrepresentationoftheviewedobject.Whenanobjectisencounteredagain,itismatchedwithitsinternalrepresentationandtherebyrecognized.Controversysurroundsthequestionofwhetherrecognitionisaparallel,one-stepprocessoraserial,step-by-stepone.PsychologistsoftheGestaltschoolmaintainthatobjectsarerecognizedaswholesinaparallelprocedure:theinternalrepresentationismatchedwiththeretinalimageinasingleoperation.Otherpsychologistshaveproposedthatinternalrepresentationfeaturesarematchedseriallywithanobject’sfeatures.Althoughsomeexperimentsshowthat,asanobjectbecomesfamiliar,itsinternalrepresentationbecomesmoreholisticandtherecognitionprocesscorrespondinglymoreparallel,theweightofevidenceseemstosupporttheserialhypothesis,atleastforobjectsthatarenotnotablysimpleandfamiliar.

1.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,Gestaltpsychologistsmakewhichofthefollowingsuppositionsaboutvisualrecognition?

I.Aretinalimageisinexactlythesameformsasitsinternalrepresentation.

II.Anobjectisrecognizedasawholewithoutanyneedforanalysisintocomponentparts.

III.Thematchingofanobjectwithitsinternalrepresentationoccursinonlyonestep.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthematchingprocessinvisualrecognitionis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.explaininghowthebrainreceivesimages

B.synthesizinghypothesesofvisualrecognition

C.examiningtheevidencesupportingtheserialrecognitionhypothesis

D.discussingvisualrecognitionandsomehypothesesproposedtoexplainit

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.IIonly

B.IIIonly

C.IandIIIonly

D.IIandIIIonly

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.notaneuralactivity

B.notpossiblewhenanobjectisviewedfortheveryfirsttime

C.notpossibleifafeatureofafamiliarobjectischangedinsomeway

D.nowfullyunderstoodasacombinationoftheserialandparallelprocesses

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章第一句為整段的中心句，根據(jù)文章第一句，“Visualrecognitioninvolvesstoringandretrievingmemories.”，可知本文的話題為視覺識別。下文對視覺識別的過程和原理通過一系列的假設(shè)進(jìn)行具體的闡釋。可判斷出作者在本文涉及到的主要問題是討論視覺識別，并提出一些假設(shè)來解釋它。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第五句，“PsychologistsoftheGestaltschoolmaintainthatobjectsarerecognizedaswholesinaparallelprocedure:theinternalrepresentationismatchedwiththeretinalimageinasingleoperation.”，格式塔學(xué)派的心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為，物體是通過一個并行的過程被識別為一個整體的：內(nèi)部表征與視網(wǎng)膜圖像是在一個單獨(dú)的操作中匹配的?？膳袛喑觥耙粋€物體作為一個整體被識別，不需要拆解成組成部分”和“物體與其內(nèi)部圖像的匹配只需要一步”都是格式塔學(xué)派心理學(xué)家對視覺識別做出的假設(shè)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二、三句，“Neuralactivity,triggeredbytheeye,formsanimageinthebrain’smemorysystemthatconstitutesaninternalrepresentationoftheviewedobject.Whenanobjectisencounteredagain,itismatchedwithitsinternalrepresentationandtherebyrecognized.”，視覺識別的過程為：由眼睛觸發(fā)的神經(jīng)活動在大腦的記憶系統(tǒng)中形成一個圖像，這個圖像構(gòu)成了被觀察物體的內(nèi)部表象。當(dāng)這個物體再次被看到時，物體與它內(nèi)部的表象進(jìn)行匹配，從而識別該對象?？膳袛喑龈鶕?jù)本文，視覺識別中的匹配過程是不可能發(fā)生在一個物體第一次被看到時。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

16.單選題

Tryingto（）thebestcourseofactioninthefaceofthedecliningmarket,heconsultedCharlesBillwhohadworkedforaleadingfirminChicagoasmarketingconsultantformanyyears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reasonout

B.markout

C.spellout

D.sendout

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。reasonout“推理出，推論出”；markout“規(guī)劃；制定”；spellout“講清楚”；sendout“發(fā)送，派遣”。根據(jù)后面heconsultedCharlesBill“他咨詢了查爾斯?比爾”可知他是“為了制定最好的行動方案來面對衰退的市場”，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

17.單選題

Itistruethat____awildplantintoamajorfoodcropsuchaswheatrequiresmuchresearchtime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.multiplying

B.breeding

C.magnifying

D.generating

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析與上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)multiply“使大幅增加”；B選項(xiàng)breed“培養(yǎng)；培育（動植物）”；C選項(xiàng)magnify“放大；夸贊；夸大”；D選項(xiàng)generate“使形成；產(chǎn)生（電等能量）”。句意：確實(shí)____一種野生植物變成像小麥這樣的主要糧食作物需要大量的研究時間。原文表達(dá)的是通過研究把野生植物培育成糧食作物，B選項(xiàng)breed“培養(yǎng)；培育（動植物）”最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

18.單選題

Everyoneshouldbefreetoenjoytherightsandfreedoms______intheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRights.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.laidout

B.laidinto

C.laiddown

D.laidoff

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.laidout展示；安排B.laidinto痛打；痛斥

C.laiddown放下；制定D.laidoff解雇；休息

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息therightsandfreedoms（權(quán)利和自由）和theUniversalDeclarationofHumanRights（《世界人權(quán)宣言》）可知，《世界人權(quán)宣言》規(guī)定了人們享有的權(quán)利和自由，空格處表示“制定，規(guī)定”符合句意，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)恰當(dāng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】人人都應(yīng)享有《世界人權(quán)宣言》規(guī)定的權(quán)利和自由。

19.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

OurculturehascausedmostAmericanstoassumenotonlythatourlanguageisuniversalbutthatthegesturesweuseareunderstoodbyeveryone.WedonotrealizethatwavinggoodbyeisthewaytosummonapersonfromthePhilippinestoone’sside,orthatinItalyandsomeLatin-Americancountries,curlingthefingertooneselfisasignoffarewell.

ThoseprivatecitizenswhosentpackagestoourtroopsoccupyingGermanyafterWorldWarIIandmarkedthemGIFTtoescapedutypaymentsdidnotbothertofindoutthat“Gift”meanspoisoninGerman.Moreover,weliketothinkofourselvesasfriendly,yetweprefertobeatleast3feetoranarm’slengthawayfromothers.LatinsandMiddleEasternersliketocomecloserandtouch,whichmakesAmericansuncomfortable.

Ourlinguisticandculturalblindnessandthecasualnesswithwhichwetakenoticeofthedevelopedtastes,gestures,customsandlanguagesofothercountries,arelosingourfriends,businessandrespectintheworld.

EvenhereintheUnitedStates,wemakefewconcessionstotheneedsofforeignvisitors.Therearenoinformationsignsinfourlanguagesonourpublicbuildingsormonuments;wedonothavemultilingualguidedtours.Veryfewrestaurantmenushavetranslations,andmultilingualwaiters,bankclerksandpolicemenarerare.OurtransportationsystemshavemapsinEnglishonlyandoftenweourselveshavedifficultyunderstandingthem.

Whenwegoabroad,wetendtoclusterinhotelsandrestaurantswhereEnglishisspoken.Theattitudesandinformationwepickupareconditionedbythosenatives—usuallythericher—whospeakEnglish.Ourbusinessdealings,aswellasthenation’sdiplomacy,areconductedthroughinterpreters.

Formanyyears,AmericaandAmericanscouldgetbywithculturalblindnessandlinguisticignorance.Afterall,Americawasthemostpowerfulcountryofthefreeworld,thedistributorofneededfundsandgoods.

Butallthatispast.Americandollarsnolongerbuyallgoodthings,andweareslowlybeginningtorealizethatourproperroleintheworldischanging.A1979Harrispollreportedthat55percentofAmericanswantthiscountrytoplayamoresignificantroleinworldaffairs;wewanttohaveahandintheimportantdecisionsofthenextcentury,eventhoughitmaynotalwaysbetheupperhand.

1.ItcanbeinferredthatAmericansbeingapproachedtoocloselybyMiddleEas