書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-太原幼兒師范高等專科學(xué)?？荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Yearsofresearchhadeducatedmeabouthowsugar,fat,andsaltchangethebrain.Iunderstoodsomeoftheparallelsbetweenhyperpalatablefoodsanddrugsofabuse,andaboutthelinksamongsensorystimulation,cues,andmemory.I’dmetenoughpeoplelikeClaudiaandMariatounderstandhoweventhethoughtoffoodcouldcausethemtolosecontrol.

ButIwasn’tfullypreparedforthediscoveriesImadeaboutirresistibilityandwhoosh,theMonsterThickburgerandBaked!CheetosFlamin’Hot,aboutindulgenceandpurplecows.Withoutnecessarilyunderstandingtheunderlyingscience,thefoodindustryhasdiscoveredwhatsells.

IwassittingatChili’sGrill&BarinChicago’sO’HareAirportwaitingforalate-nightflight.Atanearbytableacoupleintheirearlyfortieswasdeepintoameal.Thewomanwasoverweight,withabout180poundsonherfive-foot-four-inchframe.TheSouthwesternEggrollsshehadorderedwerelistedasastartercourse,buttheenormousplatterinfrontofherhadbeenheapedwithfood.Thedishwasdescribedonthemenuas"smokedchicken,blackbeans,com,Jackcheese,redpeppers,andspinachwrappedinsideacrispyflourtortilla,"anditwasservedwithacreamyavocado-ranchdippingsauce.Despiteitsname,thedishlookedmorelikeaburritothananeggroll,anonly-in-Americafusionapproach.

Iwatchedasthewomanattackedherfoodwithvigorandspeed.Sheheldtheeggrollinonehand,dunkeditintothesauce,andbroughtittohermouthwhileusingtheforkinherotherhandtoscoopupmoresauce.Occasionallyshereachedoverandspearedsomeofhercompanion’sFrenchfries.Thewomanatesteadily,workingherwayaroundtheplatewithscantpauseforconversationorrest.Whenshefinallypaused,onlyalittlelettucewasleft.

Hadsheknownsomeonewaswatchingher,I’msureshewouldhaveeatendifferently.Hadshebeenaskedtodescribewhatshehadjusteaten,sheprobablywouldhavesubstantiallyunderestimatedherconsumption.Andshewouldprobablyhavebeensurprisedtolearnwhattheingredientsinhermealreallywere.

Thewomanmighthavebeeninterestedinhowmyindustrysource,whohadcalledsugar,fat,andsaltthethreepointsofthecompass,describedherentree.Deep-fryingthetortilladrivesdownitswatercontentfrom40percenttoabout5percentandreplacestherestwithfat.“Thetortillaisreallygoingtoabsorbalotoffat,”hesaid.“Itlookslikeaneggrollissupposedtolook,whichiscrispyandbrownontheoutside.”

Thefoodconsultantreadthroughotheringredientsonthelabel,keepinguparunningcommentaryashedid.“Cookedwhitemeatchicken,binderadded,smokeflavor.Peoplelikesmokyflavor—it’sthecavemaninthem.”

“There’sgreenstuffinthere,”hesaid,notingthespinach.“ThatmakesmefeellikeI’meatingsomethinghealthy.”

“ShreddedMontereyJackcheese...Theincreaseinper-capitaconsumptionofcheeseisoffthechart.”

Thehotpeppers,hesaid,“addalittlespice,butnottoomuchtokilleverythingelseoff.”Hebelievedthechickenhadbeenchoppedandformedmuchlikeameatloaf,withbindersadded,whichmakesthosecalorieseasytoswallow.Ingredientsthatholdmoisture,includingautolyzedyeastextract,sodiumphosphate,andsoyproteinconcentrate,furthersoftenthefood.Inoticedthatsaltappearedeighttimesonthelabelandthatsweetenersweretherefivetimes,intheformofcom-syrupsolids,molasses,honey,brownsugar,andsugar.

“Thisishighlyprocessed?”Iasked.

“Absolutely,yes.Allofthishasbeenprocessedsuchthatyoucanwolfitdownfast...choppedupandmadeultrapalatable...Veryappealinglooking,veryhighpleasureinthefood,veryhighcaloricdensity.Rulesoutallthatstuffyouhavetochew.”

Byeliminatingtheneedtochew,modernfoodprocessingtechniquesallowustoeatfaster.“Whenyou’reeatingthesethings,you’vehad500,600,800,900caloriesbeforeyouknowit,”saidtheconsultant.“Literallybeforeyouknowit.”Refinedfoodsimplymeltsinthemouth.

36.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheauthor’sdescriptionofthewomaneatinginparagraphfour?

37.Accordingtothepassage,themainreasonwhypeopleovereatisthat（）.

38.ThefollowingareallingredientsintheeggrollsEXCEPT（）.

39.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesthemainideaofthepassage?

40.InthefirstsentenceofParagraphfour,theword“vigor”mostnearlymeans（）.

問題1選項

A.ThewomanpreferstoeatatChili’svs.otherrestaurants.

B.Thewomantrulyenjoysthefoodsthatshechoosestoeat.

C.Thewoman’sefficiencyatcleaningherplateaddstoherdiningexperience.

D.Theauthorisdisgustedbythewoman’sconsumption.

問題2選項

A.saltandsweeteners,likecorn-syrupsolidsandbrownsugar,areaddedtothefood

B.wedon’thavetochewourfoodverymuch

C.peoplelikesmokyflavor

D.sugar,fatandsaltchangethebrain

問題3選項

A.darkmeatchicken

B.salt

C.binders

D.honey

問題4選項

A.Ifyoueattoomuchfoodtooquickly,you’llgainweightandbecomeunhealthy.

B.Becauserefinedfoodisirresistibleandeasytoeat,itmaskshowunhealthyitis,leavingpeopleunawareofthepoorfoodchoicesthey’remaking.

C.Chili’sisoneoftherestaurantsintheU.S.servingunhealthyfoodtoconsumerstoday.

D.FoodconsultantsandauthorsaremakingAmericansawareoftheirunhealthyeatinghabits,thus,creatinghealthiergenerationsforyearstocome.

問題5選項

A.pleasure

B.flamboyance

C.lethargy

D.energy

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】36.細節(jié)推斷題。本題采用排除法。將信息點定位為文章第四段。即可排除A、B、C三項。又根據(jù)第五段首句Hadsheknownsomeonewaswatchingher,I’msureshewouldhaveeatendifferently.（如果她知道有人在看著她，我肯定她會吃得不一樣）得出本題答案。

37.

細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干中的overeat，將信息點定位到文章最后一段，從而得出本題答案。選項A、C和D文中都有提及，但這些并不是引起暴飲暴食的原因。

38.

細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞eggrolls，將信息點定位為原文第七段。選項A中的darkmeatchicken與原文第七段第二句Cookedwhitemeatchicken,binderadded,smokeflavor.Peoplelikesmokyflavor—it’sthecavemaninthem.中的whitemeatchicken表達意思相反，從而得出本題答案。

39.

文章主旨題。原文的第一段第一句為本文的主題句，指出sugar、fat和salt改變了人們的大腦，然后列舉了一些例子，并且在文章最后一段對這些例子進行了總結(jié)，指出這種情況產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。從而得出本題答案。

40.語義題。根據(jù)題干，將信息定位為文章第四段。結(jié)合上下文語意，原句中attacked（攻擊）這個詞不能與pleasure（快樂）同時發(fā)生，排除；因為woman并沒有意識到誰在關(guān)注她，排除flamboyance（華麗）；lethargy“昏睡”意味著懶惰，與主題無關(guān)，排除。D項符合句意，與后文提到的calories（卡路里，熱量單位）對應(yīng)。從而得出本題答案。

2.單選題

Financial

regulators

inBritainhaveimposedaratherunusualruleonthebossesofbigbanks.Startingnextyear,anyguaranteedbonusoftopexecutivescouldbedelayed10yearsiftheirbanksareunderinvestigationforwrongdoing.Themainpurposeofthis“clawback”ruleistoholdbankersaccountableforharmfulrisk-takingandtorestorepublictrustinfinancialinstitution.Yetofficialsalsohopeforamuchlargerbenefit:morelongtermdecision-makingnotonlybybanksbutalsobyallcorporations,tobuildastrongereconomyforfuturegenerations.

“Short-termism”orthedesireforquickprofits,hasworsenedinpubliclytradedcompanies,saystheBankofEngland'stopeconomist,AndrewHaldane.Hequotesagiantofclassicaleconomies,AlfredMarshall,indescribingthisfinancialimpatienceasactinglike“Childrenwhopicktheplumsoutoftheirpuddingtoeatthematonce”ratherthanputtingthemasidetobeeatenlast.

TheaveragetimeforholdingastockinboththeUnitedStatesandBritain,henotes,hasdroppedfromsevenyearstosevenmonthsinrecentdecades.Transientinvestors,whodemandhighquarterlyprofitsfromcompanies,canhinderafirm'seffortstoinvestinlong-termresearchortobuildupcustomerloyalty.Thishasbeendubbed"quarterlycapitalism"Inaddition,newdigitaltechnologieshaveallowedmorerapidtradingofequities,quickeruseofinformation,andthusshortensattentionspansinfinancialmarkers."Thereseemstobeapredominanceofshort-termthinkingattheexpenseoflong-terminvesting,"saidCommissionerDanielGallagheroftheUSSecuritiesandExchangeCommissioninspeechthisweek.

IntheUS,theSarbanes-OxleyActof2002haspushedmostpubliccompaniestodeferperformancebonusesforseniorexecutivesbyaboutayear,slightlyhelpingreduce“short-termism”.InitslatestsurveyofCEOpay,TheWallStreetJournalfindsthat"asubstantialpart”ofexecutivepayisnowtiedtoperformance.

Muchmorecouldbedonetoencourage“l(fā)ong-termism,”suchaschangesinthetaxcodeandquickerdisclosureofstockacquisitions.InFrance,shareholderswhoholdontoacompanyinvestmentforatleasttwoyearscansometimesearnmorevotingrightsinacompany.

Withincompanies,therightcompensationdesigncanprovideincentivesforexecutivestothinkbeyondtheirowntimeatthecompanyandonbehalfofallstakeholders.Britainruleisaremindertobankersthatsocietyhasaninterestintheirperformance,notjustfortheshorttermbutforthelongterm.

1.AccordingtoParagraph1,onemotiveinimposingthenewruleisthe（

）.

2.AlfredMarshallisquotedtoindicate（

）.

3.Itisarguedthattheinfluenceoftransientinvestmentonpubliccompaniescanbe（

）.

4.TheUSandFranceexamplesareusedtoillustrate（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

問題1選項

A.enhancebanker'ssenseofresponsibility

B.helpcorporationsachievelargerprofits

C.buildanewsystemoffinancialregulation

D.guaranteethebonusesoftopexecutives

問題2選項

A.theconditionsforgeneratingquickprofits

B.governments'impatienceindecision-making

C.thesolidstructureofpubliclytradedcompanies

D."short-termism"ineconomicsactivities

問題3選項

A.indirect

B.adverse

C.minimal

D.temporary

問題4選項

A.theobstaclestopreventingshort-termism

B.thesignificanceoflong-termthinking

C.theapproachestopromotinglong-termism

D.theprevalenceofshort-termthinking

問題5選項

A.FailureofQuarterlyCapitalism

B.PatienceasaCorporateVirtue

C.DecisivenessRequiredofTopExecutives

D.FrustrationofRisk-takingBankers

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)題。題目中明確出題段落(AccordingtoParagraph1)及相應(yīng)的信息點(onemotiveinimposingthenewrule)，因此，答案來源句則為第一段的第三句(Themainpurposeofthis“clawback”ruleistoholdbankersaccountableforharmfulrisk-takingandtorestorepublictrustinfinancialinstitution這個規(guī)則主要目的是讓銀行家為不良風(fēng)險負責(zé)以及修復(fù)公眾對金融機構(gòu)的信任)，那么答案基本就很容易提取出來。選項中的“senseofresponsibility”則對應(yīng)到句中的“enhancebanker'ssenseofresponsibility（增加銀行的責(zé)任），其他的選項則與最佳選項無緣，在定位區(qū)間中沒有相應(yīng)的信息。

2.細節(jié)題。題干中的定位信息在“AlfredMarshall”上，直接定位到第二段的第二句，定位信息里的“thisimpatience”則是回指第二段首句的"short-termism"，故信息點則為"short-termism"，所以最佳選項則為"short-termism"ineconomicactivities，而其他選項在定位信息中未提及。

3.細節(jié)題。此題的定位信息為題干的“transientinvestment”，直接定位到第三段的第二句“Transientinvestors,whodemandhighquarterlyprofitsfromcompanies,canhinderafirm'seffortstoinvestinlong-termresearchortobuildupcustomerloyalty”，從四個選項的褒貶正負來看indirect、minimal和temporary為中性的表述，只有B選項的adverse為明確的負面表達，意思為“不利的”，與原文中的“hinder”對應(yīng)上。

4.例證題。根據(jù)題干的具體信息定位，美國和法國的例子是用來支撐什么論點。原文的第五、六段則提供了具體的信息，第五段中美國延遲發(fā)放才上任一年左右的高管績效津貼，繼而促進緩解“短期主義”盛行的現(xiàn)狀；第六段則提及在法國持股兩年以上者擁有更大的選票權(quán)。所以，最佳選項應(yīng)為“促進長期主義的方法”。

5.主旨題。題干中的title為標題題的信息，所以此題考查的是文章的主旨大意。B選項里的patience可以對應(yīng)到全文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的主題詞"short-termism"和"long-termism"，corporate本身在文章中出現(xiàn)多次，所以B選項為最佳標題，體現(xiàn)主旨大意；其余選項均不能概括全文，故排除。

3.寫作題

Directions:Inthispart,youareexpectedtowriteacompositionentitledProsConsofBuyingaCarinnolessthan200words.Yourcompositionshouldbebasedonthefollowingoutlines.

有人贊成買私家車

有人反對買私家車

我的看法

【答案】略

4.單選題

Thismonumentimagewasdesignedto（stirup）emotionsofaweandrespect,butcouldscarcelyevokefeelingsofwarmthandaffection.

問題1選項

A.tangle

B.teem

C.stipulate

D.agitate

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。stirup表示“激起，煽動”；A項tangle“（使）纏結(jié)在一起，（使）亂成一團”，B項teem“大量出現(xiàn)，充滿”，C項stipulate“規(guī)定，保證”，D項agitate“搖動，騷動”。句意：這個紀念碑形象的設(shè)計是為了激起敬畏和尊敬的情緒，但幾乎不能喚起溫暖和喜愛的感情。根據(jù)句意可知，該題選擇D項正確。

5.單選題

Manypeoplewhoareotherwisecommittedtolow-carbonlife-styleswill（）fromparticipatinginanactionthatmightinvolvesignificantlevelsofpoliceharassmentorevenviolence.

問題1選項

A.takeoff

B.betakenoff

C.putoff

D.beputoff

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配和語法題。takeoff“離開，起飛”；putoff“脫下”。句意：許多堅持低碳生活的人將拒絕參加那些大量警察干預(yù)甚至暴力的行動。所以是主動從這些活動中離開，不參加。選項A符合題意。

6.單選題

Withallitsadvantages,thecomputerisbynomeanswithoutits（）.

問題1選項

A.boundaries

B.restraints

C.confinements

D.limitations

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項boundaries“邊界，界限”；B選項restraints“限制，禁止”；C選項confinements“監(jiān)禁”；D選項limitations“局限性，（限制）因素”。句意：盡管計算機有許多優(yōu)點，但它決不是沒有（）。通過題干可以看出這里表達的意思是“計算機雖然優(yōu)點很多，但是也會有局限性”，因此D選項符合題意。

7.不定項選擇題

InonlytwodecadesAsianAmericanshavebecomethefastest-growingU.S.minority.Astheirchildrenbeganmovingupthroughthenation’sschools,itbecameclearthatanewclassofacademicachieverswasemerging.Theirachievementsarereflectedinthenation’sbestuniversities,wheremathematics,scienceandengineeringdepartmentshavetakenonadecidedlyAsiancharacter.ThisspeciallikingformathematicsandscienceispartlyexplainedbythefactthatAsian-AmericanstudentswhobegantheireducationsabroadarrivedintheU.S.withasolidgroundinginmathematicsbutlittleornoknowledgeofEnglish.Theyarealsoinfluencedbythepromiseofagoodjobaftercollege.Asiansfeeltherewillbelessunfairtreatmentinareaslikemathematicsandsciencebecausetheywillbejudgedmoreobjectively.Andthereturnontheinvestmentineducationismoreimmediateinsomethinglikeengineeringthanwithanartsdegree.

MostAsian-AmericanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparentswhoaredeterminedthattheirchildrentakefulladvantageofwhattheAmericaneducationalsystemhastooffer.Aneffectivemeasureofparentalattentionishomework.AsianparentsspendmoretimewiththeirchildrenthanAmericanparentsdo,andithelps.ManyresearcheralsobelievethereissomethinginAsianculturethatneedssuccess,suchasidealsthatstressfamilyvaluesandemphasizeeducation.

BothexplanationsforacademicsuccessworryAsianAmericansbecauseoffearsthattheyfeedatypicalracialimage.ManycanrememberwhenChinese,JapaneseandFilipinoimmigrantswerethevictimsofsocialisolation.Indeed,itwasnotuntil1952thatlawswerelaiddowngivingallAsianimmigrantstherighttocitizenship.

1.Whilemakingtremendousachievementsatcollege,Asian-Americanstudents（）.

2.WhatarethemajorfactorsthatdeterminethesuccessofAsianAmericans?

3.FewAsian-Americanstudentsmajorinhumansciencesmainlybecause（）.

4.Whydothetwo“explanations”(Para.3,Line.1)worryAsianAmericans?

5.Theauthor’stoneinthispassageis（）.

問題1選項

A.feeltheyaremistreatedbecauseoflimitedknowledgeofEnglish.

B.areafraidthattheiracademicsuccessesbearastrongAsiancharacter

C.generallyfeelitashametohavetodependontheirparents

D.stillworryaboutunfairtreatmentinsociety

問題2選項

A.AsolidfoundationinbasicmathematicsandAsianculture.

B.Hardworkandintelligence.

C.HardworkandalimitedknowledgeofEnglish.

D.AsiancultureandtheAmericaneducationalsystem.

問題3選項

A.theirEnglishisnotgoodenough

B.thereisawidedifferencebetweenAsianandWesterncultures

C.theyareafraidtheymightmeetwithunfairjudgmentintheseareas

D.theyknowlittleaboutAmericancultureandsociety

問題4選項

A.TheyareafraidthattheywouldagainbeisolatedfromAmericansocietyingeneral.

B.PeoplewouldthinkthatAsianstudentrelyontheirparentsforsuccess.

C.Asian-Americanswouldbethreattootherminorities.

D.AmericanacademicachievementshavetakenontoostronganAsiancharacter.

問題5選項

A.sympathetic

B.objective

C.critical

D.doubtful

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句ManyresearcheralsobelievethereissomethinginAsianculturethatneedssuccess,suchasidealsthatstressfamilyvaluesandemphasizeeducation（許多研究者還認為，亞洲文化中有一些東西需要成功，比如強調(diào)家庭價值觀和強調(diào)教育的理想）以及第三段第一，二句BothexplanationsforacademicsuccessworryAsianAmericansbecauseoffearsthattheyfeedatypicalracialimage.ManycanrememberwhenChinese,JapaneseandFilipinoimmigrantswerethevictimsofsocialisolation（這兩種對學(xué)業(yè)成功的解釋都讓亞裔美國人感到擔(dān)憂，因為他們擔(dān)心自己會形成一種典型的種族形象。許多人還記得，中國、日本和菲律賓移民曾是社會孤立的受害者）可以判斷出D選項“仍然擔(dān)心社會上的不公平待遇”正確以及B選項“擔(dān)心他們的學(xué)術(shù)成就帶有強烈的亞洲特色”錯誤，亞裔美國學(xué)生擔(dān)心他們的學(xué)術(shù)成就帶有強烈的亞洲特色根本原因是害怕亞洲特色會讓他們在社會上遭遇不公平的待遇；A選項“覺得自己因為英語知識有限而受到不公平對待”在原文中未提及；根據(jù)文章第二段第一句MostAsian-Americanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparents（大多數(shù)亞裔美國人把他們的成功歸功于父母的影響）可知C選項“通常覺得依靠父母是件可恥的事”錯誤；因此D選項符合題意。

第2題:細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文第一段ThisspeciallikingformathematicsandscienceispartlyexplainedbythefactthatAsian-AmericanstudentswhobegantheireducationsabroadarrivedintheU.S.withasolidgroundinginmathematicsbutlittleornoknowledgeofEnglish（這種對數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)的特別喜愛部分是由這樣一個事實解釋的：亞裔美國學(xué)生在國外開始接受教育時，在美國有堅實的數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)，但很少或根本不懂英語）以及第二段最后一句ManyresearcheralsobelievethereissomethinginAsianculturethatneedssuccess,suchasidealsthatstressfamilyvaluesandemphasizeeducation（許多研究者還認為，亞洲文化中有一些東西需要成功，比如強調(diào)家庭價值觀和強調(diào)教育的理想）可知A選項“扎實的數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)和亞洲文化”正確以及C選項“努力學(xué)習(xí)和有限的英語知識”錯誤；B選項“勤奮和智慧”在原文未提及；根據(jù)第二段MostAsian-AmericanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparentswhoaredeterminedthattheirchildrentakefulladvantageofwhattheAmericaneducationalsystemhastooffer.Aneffectivemeasureofparentalattentionishomework.AsianparentsspendmoretimewiththeirchildrenthanAmericanparentsdo,andithelps（大多數(shù)亞裔美國人把他們的成功歸功于父母的影響，他們決心讓自己的孩子充分利用美國教育系統(tǒng)提供的東西。衡量父母注意力的一個有效方法是家庭作業(yè)。亞洲父母比美國父母花更多的時間和孩子在一起，這很有幫助）可以得知D選項“亞洲文化和美國教育制度”錯誤，美國教育制度并不是決定亞裔美國人成功的主要因素；因此A選項符合題意。

第3題:細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文第一段Asiansfeeltherewillbelessunfairtreatmentinareaslikemathematicsandsciencebecausetheywillbejudgedmoreobjectively.Andthereturnontheinvestmentineducationismoreimmediateinsomethinglikeengineeringthanwithanartsdegree（亞洲人認為，數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)等領(lǐng)域的不公平待遇將會減少，因為他們將受到更客觀的評判。教育投資的回報在工程類專業(yè)比文科學(xué)位更直接）可知C選項“他們害怕在這些方面可能會遇到不公平的判斷”正確；根據(jù)第一段ThisspeciallikingformathematicsandscienceispartlyexplainedbythefactthatAsian-AmericanstudentswhobegantheireducationsabroadarrivedintheU.S.withasolidgroundinginmathematicsbutlittleornoknowledgeofEnglish（這種對數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)的特別喜愛部分是由這樣一個事實解釋的：亞裔美國學(xué)生在國外開始接受教育時，在美國有堅實的數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)，但很少或根本不懂英語）可以得知A選項“他們的英語不夠好”并不是少有亞裔美國學(xué)生主修人文科學(xué)主要原因；B選項“亞洲和西方文化之間有很大的差異”以及D選項“他們對美國文化和社會知之甚少”在原文未提及；因此C選項符合題意。

第4題:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一，二句BothexplanationsforacademicsuccessworryAsianAmericansbecauseoffearsthattheyfeedatypicalracialimage.ManycanrememberwhenChinese,JapaneseandFilipinoimmigrantswerethevictimsofsocialisolation（這兩種對學(xué)業(yè)成功的解釋都讓亞裔美國人感到擔(dān)憂，因為他們擔(dān)心自己會形成一種典型的種族形象。許多人還記得，中國、日本和菲律賓移民曾是社會孤立的受害者）可以判斷出A選項“他們害怕自己會再次被孤立于美國社會之外”正確；根據(jù)文章第二段第一句MostAsian-Americanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparents（大多數(shù)亞裔美國人把他們的成功歸功于父母的影響）可知B選項“人們會認為亞洲學(xué)生依靠他們的父母獲得成功”錯誤；C選項“亞裔美國人會對其他少數(shù)族裔構(gòu)成威脅”以及D選項“美國人的學(xué)術(shù)成就帶有強烈的亞洲色彩”在原文中未提及，錯誤；因此A選項符合題意。

第5題:推理判斷題。A選項“同情的；交感神經(jīng)的；共鳴的；贊同的；和諧的；合意的”；B選項“客觀的”；C選項“批評的，愛挑剔的；危險的”；D選項“可疑的；令人生疑的；疑心的；不能確定的”；本文是從客觀的觀點去看亞裔美國人在學(xué)業(yè)方面的成功，作者并沒有同情，批判或者是懷疑，只是客觀的陳述目前亞裔美國人在學(xué)業(yè)方面存在的情況，因此B選項符合題意。

8.單選題

Tom,diditever（

）toyouthatyouwouldbepunishedforcheatingonexams?

問題1選項

A.happen

B.occur

C.reflect

D.strike

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。happen“發(fā)生,碰巧”；occur“發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)”；reflect“反應(yīng)”；strike“撞擊；罷工”。句意：湯姆，你是否曾想過會因為考試作弊受到處罰呢？occurto“想起，突然想起”。選項B符合題意。

9.單選題

Becausefolkartisneithercompletelyrejectednoracceptedasanartformbyarthistorians,theirfinalevaluationsofitnecessarilyremain（

）.

問題1選項

A.arbitrary

B.estimable

C.unspoken

D.equivocal

【答案】D

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。arbitrary“任意的，任性的”；estimable“值得尊敬的”；unspoken“未說出口的，不言而喻的”；equivocal“模棱兩可的，意義不確的”。句意：因為藝術(shù)家既不會完全否認也不接受民間藝術(shù)是一種藝術(shù)形式，他們關(guān)于它（民間藝術(shù)）的評論是模棱兩可的。選項D符合題意。

10.單選題

Ifyouholdontoawinningattitude,you’llmakeagreatereffortandalsocreatepositivemomentum.

問題1選項

A.influence

B.strength

C.outlook

D.consequence

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。momentum表示“動量，動力”；A項influence“影響”，B項strength“力量，力氣”，C項outlook“展望，態(tài)度，觀點”，D項consequence“結(jié)果”。句意：如果你堅持一種必勝的態(tài)度，你就會做出更大的努力，也會創(chuàng)造積極的勢頭。根據(jù)句意可知B項正確。

11.單選題

It’shightimewe（）cuttingdowntherainforests.

問題1選項

A.stopped

B.hadtostop

C.shallstop

D.stop

【答案】A

【解析】句意:是我們停止砍伐熱帶雨林的吋候了。

語法題。考查虛擬語氣。it'shightime（that）sb.didsth.為固定句式,表示“是吋候某人該做某事了”,故排除C，D。B項為“必須,不得不”的過去式,而“it'shightime（that）sb.didsth.”潛在的含義有“必須”的意思,故排除。因此答案選A。

12.單選題

Theideasexpressedinthearthistorian’sbookaremore（

）thanonewouldexpectonthebasisofherrather（

）treatmentofhersubjectintheopeningpages.

問題1選項

A.riguing

B.accessible...recondite

C.hidebound...reactionary

D.insightful...innovative

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。compelling“引人注目的，不可抗拒的”；intriguing“有趣的，迷人的”；accessible“易接近的，可進入的，可理解的”；recondite“深奧的，隱藏的”；hidebound“死板的，保守的，頑固的”；reactionary“保守的，反動的”；insightful“有深刻見解的，富有洞察力的”；innovative“革新的，創(chuàng)新的”。句意：跟她在開篇對主題的深奧表述，對于讀者而言，這個藝術(shù)史學(xué)家書中的觀點要容易理解很多。選項B符合題意。

13.單選題

Onanaverageofsixtimesaday,adoctorinHollandpractices“active”euthanasia:intentionallyadministeringalethaldrugtoaterminallyillpatientwhohasaskedtoberelievedofsuffering.Twentytimesaday,life-prolongingtreatmentiswithheldorwithdrawnwhenthereisnohopethatitcanaffectanultimatecure.“Active”euthanasiaremainsacrimeontheDutchstatutebookspunishableby12yearsinprison.Butaseriesofcourtcasesoverthepast15yearshasmadeitclearthatacompetentphysicianwhocarriesitoutwillnotbeprosecuted.

Euthanasia,oftencalled“mercykilling”,isacrimeeverywhereinWesternEurope.ButmoreandmoredoctorsandnursesinBritain,Germany,Hollandandelsewherereadilyadmittopracticingit,mostofteninthe“passive”formofwithholdingorwithdrawingtreatment.Thelongsimmeringeuthanasiaissuehaslatelyboiledoverintoasometimesfiercepublicdebate,withbothsidesclaimingthemantleofultimaterighteousness.Thoseopposedtothepracticeseethemselvesup-holdingsacredprinciplesofrespectforlife,whilethoseinfavorraisethebannerofhumanetreatment.Afteryearsonthedefensive,theadvocatesnowseemtobegainingground.RecentpollsinBritainshowthat72percentofBritishsubjectsfavoreuthanasiainsomecircumstances.Anastonishing76percentofrespondentstoapolltakenlatelastyearinFrancesaidtheywouldlikethelawchangedtodecriminalizemercykillings.

Reasonsforthelatestsurgeofinterestineuthanasiaarenothardtofind.Europeans,likeAmericans,arenowlivinglonger.TheaverageEuropeanmalenowlivestotheageof72,womantoalmost8A.sDerekHumphrey,aleadingBritishadvocateof“rationaleuthanasia”,says,“l(fā)ingeringchronicdiseaseshavereplacedcriticalillnessastheprimarycauseofdeath.”

Andsotheeuthanasistshavebeguntopresstheircasewithgreaterforce.Theyarguethateveryhumanbeingshouldhavetherightto“diewithdignity”,bywhichtheyusuallymeantherighttoescapethehorrorsofapainfulordegradinghospitalization.Mostadvocatesofvoluntaryeuthanasiahavearguedthattherighttodieshouldbeaccordedonlytotheterminallyandincurablyill,butthemovementalsoincludesasmallminoritywhobelieveineuthanasiaforanyonewhorationallydecidestotakehisownlife.

Thatrightisunlikelytogetlegalrecognitionanytimeinthenearfuture.EvenintheNetherlands,theproposalsnowbeforeParliamentwouldrestricteuthanasiatoasmallnumberofcasesandwouldsurroundeventhosewithelaboratesafeguards.

1.AccordingtoParagraph1,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

2.Euthanasiais,oftencalled“mercykilling”,whichimpliesthat（）.

3.“Boiledover”(Line4,Para.2)means（）.

4.Mostadvocatesofvoluntaryeuthanasiaholdthat（）.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardseuthanasiais（）.

問題1選項

A.“Active”euthanasiaisregardedasacrimebyDutchlaw.

B.Thedoctorwhocarriesouteuthanasiawillbecharged.

C.Anunqualifieddoctorcarryingouteuthanasiawillbeaccused.

D.“Active”euthanasiaexecutiveswillbesentencedto12yearsimprisonment.

問題2選項

A.peopleshouldshowsympathyforaterminallyillpatient

B.somedoctorsmurderpatientsshieldingthemselvesfrommercy

C.humanetreatmenttodyingpatientsshouldberequired

D.thedyingpatientsaresufferingfromthepainandtheydon’twanttoliveon

問題3選項

A.burst(into)

B.makethewaterhotenoughtoboil

C.causegreatanger

D.fightoneanother

問題4選項

A.onlyterminallyillpatientscanhaveeuthanasia

B.ifanyonewhorationallydecidestoendhislife,hecanhaveeuthanasia

C.peopleshouldrespectlife

D.nomatterwhatpunishmenttheyget,theywillcarryouteuthanasiatopatients

問題5選項

A.positive

B.negative

C.objective

D.uncertain

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。A選項“主動的安樂死被荷蘭法律認為是一種犯罪”和D選項“主動安樂死的執(zhí)行者將被判12年的監(jiān)禁”可以定位到文章首段中“‘Active’euthanasiaremainsacrimeontheDutchstatutebookspunishableby12yearsinprison.”中文翻譯為：主動的安樂死在荷蘭的法典上仍然是一種需判刑12年的監(jiān)禁。C選項“實行安樂死的不合格醫(yī)生將會被控告”可以定位到文章首段“Butaseriesofcourtcasesoverthepast15yearshasmadeitclearthatacompetentphysicianwhocarriesitoutwillnotbeprosecuted.”中文翻譯為：但是過去15年的一系列法庭案件卻明確表示，實行安樂死的稱職醫(yī)生將不被指控。同時可知B選項“實行安樂死的醫(yī)生將會被起訴”與文章不符合，故選B。

2.【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“mercykilling”可以定位到原文第二段“whilethoseinfavorraisethebannerofhumanetreatment.”中文翻譯為：而那些安樂死的支持者卻高舉人道對待的旗幟?？芍狢項正確，譯為“垂死的病人應(yīng)該需要人道的對待”。

3.【試題解析】詞匯題。A：爆發(fā)（成）；B：讓水熱得足以沸騰；C：造成巨大的憤怒；D：相互打架。題干關(guān)鍵詞“boilover”意為：爆發(fā)。因此A選項正確。

4.【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞mostadvocatesofvoluntaryeuthanasia可以定位到原文倒數(shù)第二段中“Mostadvocatesofvoluntaryeuthanasiahavearguedthattherighttodieshouldbeaccordedonlytotheterminallyandincurablyill”，中文翻譯為：大多數(shù)自愿安樂死的支持者認為，去死的權(quán)利應(yīng)該只給予晚期絕癥病人，可以得知A選項“只有晚期絕癥病人可以安樂死”正確。

5.【試題解析】觀點態(tài)度題。A:positive“積極的”；B:negative“消極的”；C:objective“客觀的”；D:uncertain“不確定的”。全文作者都是用客觀的態(tài)度來描述安樂死這個話題，因此可以推測出C選項正確。

14.單選題

Hecan’tmaintainenoughequilibriumtorideabike.

問題1選項

A.courage

B.composure

C.silence

D.balance

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項courage“勇氣，膽量”，B項composure“鎮(zhèn)靜，沉著”，C項silence“沉默，寂靜”，D項balance“平衡，余額”。句意：他騎自行車不能保持足夠的平衡。根據(jù)句意可知，equilibrium在句中表示“平衡”。因此，該題選擇D項。

15.單選題

Themanagementshouldgive（

）totheworkers,safetyoperationovereveryotherconsideration.

問題1選項

A.precedence

B.coherence

C.affluence

D.coincidence

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。precedence“優(yōu)先”；coherence“一致，連貫性”；affluence“富裕，豐富”；coincidence“巧合”。根據(jù)句意“工人的安全操作問題”應(yīng)該是管理層優(yōu)先考慮的問題，所以選項A符合題意。

16.單選題

Theideaoftravelingthrough（

）spacetootherplanetsinterestsmanypeopletoday.

問題1選項

A.a

B.the

C./

D.one

【答案】C

【解析】考查冠詞。句意：漫游太空去另一個星球這個想法現(xiàn)在引起了很多人的興趣。

sun、star一樣是物質(zhì)名詞，是獨一無二的事物，所以前面應(yīng)該加定冠詞the，因此答案選C。特指世界上獨一無二的事物或自然現(xiàn)象。但space表示“太空”，nature表示“大自然”時，均不能與冠詞連用。

17.單選題

MarketshadfearedthatDollymightdisruptproductionintheGulfofMexico,butthestormmis