選擇性必修第四冊(cè)Unit1ScienceFiction完形填空·集中練Ⅰ.完形填空[一](2021·福建福州質(zhì)檢)Beinggoodatsomethingandhavingapassionforitarenotenough.Success1fundamentallyonourviewofourselvesandofthe2inourlives.Whentwelve-year-oldJohnWilsonwalkedintohischemistryclassonarainydayin1931，hehadnowayofknowingthathislifewastochangecompletely.Theclassexperimentthatdaywasto3howheatingacontainerofwaterwouldbringairbubbling(冒泡)tothesurface.4，thecontainertheteachergaveWilsontoheat5heldsomethingmorevolatile(易揮發(fā)的)thanwater.WhenWilsonheatedit，thecontainer6，leavingWilsonblindedinbotheyes.WhenWilsonreturnedhomefromhospitaltwomonthslater，hisparentsattemptedtofindawaytodealwiththecatastrophethathad7theirlives.ButWilsondidnotregardtheaccidentascatastrophic.Helearnedbraille(盲文)quicklyandcontinuedhiseducationatWorcesterCollegefortheBlind.There，henotonlydidwellasastudentbutalsobecamea(n)8publicspeaker.Later，heworkedinAfrica，wheremanypeoplesufferedfrom9forlackofpropertreatment.Forhim，itwasonethingto10hisownfateofbeingblindandquiteanothertoallowsomethingtocontinue11itcouldbefixedsoeasily.Thismovedhimtoaction.AndtensofmillionsinAfricaandAsiacanseebecauseofthe12Wilsonmadetopreventingthepreventable.Wilsonreceivedseveralinternational13forhisgreatcontributions.Helosthissightbutfounda14.Heprovedthatit’snotwhathappenstousthat15ourlives—it’swhatwemakeofwhathappens.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹約翰·威爾遜在實(shí)驗(yàn)中因出現(xiàn)事故而失明，但他沒有被命運(yùn)擊倒，而是努力奮斗改變命運(yùn)，最后取得成功。1．A.depends B．holdsC．keeps D．reflects答案A解析句意為：成功從根本上取決于我們對(duì)自己和對(duì)生活中所發(fā)生事情的看法。dependon取決于；holdon堅(jiān)持??；keepon繼續(xù)；reflecton認(rèn)真思考。故選A。2．A.dilemmas B．a(chǎn)ccidentsC．events D．steps答案C解析句意見上題解析。dilemma進(jìn)退兩難的處境；accident意外事故；event事，事件；step腳步，步驟。故選C。3．A.direct B．showC．a(chǎn)dvocate D．declare答案B解析根據(jù)主語(yǔ)experiment可知實(shí)驗(yàn)是要展示(show)一種現(xiàn)象。direct指導(dǎo)，管理；advocate提倡，倡導(dǎo)；declare宣布。故選B。4．A.Anyway B．MoreoverC．Somehow D．Thus答案C解析句意為：不知怎么地，老師給威爾遜加熱的容器誤裝了比水更容易揮發(fā)的東西。anyway無(wú)論如何，不管怎樣；moreover而且；somehow不知怎么地；thus因此。故選C。5．A.mistakenly B．casuallyC．a(chǎn)mazingly D．clumsily答案A解析句意見上題解析。mistakenly錯(cuò)誤地；casually隨意地；amazingly令人驚奇地；clumsily笨拙地。由下文事故的發(fā)生可知，老師在容器里誤裝了東西。故選A。6．A.erupted B．explodedC．emptied D．exposed答案B解析句意為：當(dāng)威爾遜把它加熱時(shí)，容器爆炸了，導(dǎo)致威爾遜雙目失明。erupt爆發(fā)，噴出；explode爆炸；empty騰空，掏空；expose揭露，使暴露。故選B。7．A.submittedto B．cateredforC．impressedon D．happenedto答案D解析句意為：兩個(gè)月后，當(dāng)威爾遜出院回家時(shí)，他的父母試圖找到一種方法來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)發(fā)生在他們生活中的災(zāi)難。submitto提交，順從……；caterfor迎合；impresson給……留下印象；happento發(fā)生。故選D。8．A.accomplished B．crucialC．specific D．innocent答案A解析句意為：在那里，他不僅是一名出色的學(xué)生，而且成了一名技藝高超的演說(shuō)家。accomplished才華高的，技藝高超的；crucial至關(guān)重要的，關(guān)鍵性的；specific特定的，具體的；innocent無(wú)辜的，天真的。故選A。9．A.deafness B．depressionC．blindness D．speechlessness答案C解析根據(jù)上文他的眼睛失明，并結(jié)合后文中的“AndtensofmillionsinAfricaandAsiacansee...”可知，在非洲有很多人因缺少適當(dāng)?shù)闹委煻?blindness)。故選C。10．A.decide B．a(chǎn)bandonC．control D．a(chǎn)ccept答案D解析句意為：對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)，接受自己失明的命運(yùn)是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解決的情況下，讓事情繼續(xù)下去則完全是另一回事。decide決定；abandon拋棄；control控制；accept接受。故選D。11．A.until B．whenC．unless D．before答案B解析句意見上題解析。until直到；when在……情況下，當(dāng)……時(shí)候；unless除非；before在……之前。故選B。12．A.opposition B．a(chǎn)djustmentsC．commitment D．limitations答案C解析句意為：因?yàn)橥栠d對(duì)于預(yù)防可預(yù)防的疾病的貢獻(xiàn)，在非洲和亞洲，數(shù)千萬(wàn)人都可以恢復(fù)視力了。opposition反對(duì)；adjustment調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；commitment奉獻(xiàn)，投入；limitation限制。該空和后文中的“greatcontributions”相呼應(yīng)。故選C。13．A.scholarships B．rewardsC．a(chǎn)wards D．bonuses答案C解析句意為：威爾遜因其巨大的貢獻(xiàn)獲得了幾個(gè)國(guó)際獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。scholarship獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金；reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，回報(bào)；award獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品；bonus紅利，津貼。故選C。14．A.fortune B．recipeC．dream D．vision答案D解析句意為：他失明了，但“眼界”開闊了。fortune運(yùn)氣，財(cái)富；recipe食譜，秘訣；dream夢(mèng)，夢(mèng)想；vision視野，眼界。故選D。15．A.distinguishes B．determinesC．claims D．limits答案B解析句意為：他證明了并不是發(fā)生在我們身上的事情決定了我們的生活，而是我們?nèi)绾慰创l(fā)生的事情(決定了我們的生活)。distinguish區(qū)分，辨別；determine決定；claim宣稱；limit限制。故選B。[二](2021·江蘇泰州質(zhì)檢)Thebestexampleofuniversallyunderstoodbodylanguagemaybethesmile.Asmilecanopendoorsandteardownwallsamong1.Ihaveorganizedandreorganizedan2withthedentistformonths.Ialso3ittwiceandcalledthedaybeforetoensureallthepaperworkwouldbereadyfortheX-rays.ThenIarrived.Itwasn’t4atall.TheladythereevenhadnoideawhatIwastalkingabout.I5feltmybloodboil.Iwasgettingso6.Ididn’tyellatherbutImightaswellhavebecausethe7Iwastalkingtoherwasnotnice.Ispokedowntoherlikeshewasachildandincapable.Itwasnotagoodmoment.Thewholetimeshesmiledandwas8tome.Onlywheneverythingwasfinally9wasInice.Isatdowninthewaitingareaand10itall.HowcanImakeitbetter?HowcanImakeupformy11behavioramomentago?Icouldn’t.IcouldgiftherachocolatebarIhadonme，butthisneededmorethanthat.Itneededanhonest12.AndthatisexactlywhatIgave.IapologizedforthewayIhadspokentoherandtoldheritwaswrongofme.Sheaccepted.Againwithahope.Thatexperiencehelpsmebethatwomanwhosmilesandforgivesso13.Idon’tgetitrighteverytime.IcanberudeandwhenIam，Ialmost14myselfforit.Iamnotthatperson，notanymore.YetIcontinuetogrowandcontinueto15.It’struethatsmilevanishedmyangerandopenedadoortounderstanding.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者去看牙醫(yī)，之前已經(jīng)預(yù)約，但到了那里卻發(fā)現(xiàn)什么都沒準(zhǔn)備。作者很生氣，但卻得到了微笑，這讓作者很內(nèi)疚，同時(shí)這也讓作者感受到了微笑的力量。1．A.friends B．strangersC．patients D．relatives答案B解析句意為：微笑可以打開門，拆掉在陌生人之間的墻壁。friend朋友；stranger陌生人；patient病人；relative親戚。故選B。2．A.interview B．operationC．experiment D．a(chǎn)ppointment答案D解析句意為：數(shù)月來(lái)我一次又一次地與牙醫(yī)進(jìn)行預(yù)約。interview采訪；operation手術(shù)；experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；appointment約會(huì)，預(yù)約。故選D。3．A.confirmed B．a(chǎn)rrangedC．discussed D．a(chǎn)dmitted答案A解析句意為：我也確認(rèn)了兩次，并在前一天打電話來(lái)確認(rèn)所有的照射X光的材料都準(zhǔn)備好了。confirm證實(shí)，確認(rèn)；arrange安排；discuss討論；admit承認(rèn)。故選A。4．A.crowded B．readyC．open D．busy答案B解析句意為：一點(diǎn)也沒有準(zhǔn)備好。crowded擁擠的；ready有準(zhǔn)備的；open開的；busy忙碌的。根據(jù)后一句“TheladythereevenhadnoideawhatIwastalkingabout.”可知，此處為一切都沒有準(zhǔn)備好，故選B。5．A.mildly B．roughlyC．privately D．immediately答案D解析句意為：我馬上就感覺到血液沸騰。mildly溫和地；roughly艱難地；privately私自，私下地；immediately立即，馬上。故選D。6．A.mad B．sadC．humorous D．curious答案A解析句意為：我變得很生氣。getmad生氣，發(fā)火。故選A。7．A.habit B．wayC．a(chǎn)ccent D．tune答案B解析habit習(xí)慣；way方法；accent口音，方言；tune語(yǔ)調(diào)，曲調(diào)。根據(jù)后一句“Ispokedowntoherlikeshewasachildandincapable.”可知，我對(duì)她說(shuō)話的方式并不好，故選B。8．A.rude B．a(chǎn)ttachedC．friendly D．devoted答案C解析句意為：她一直在微笑，對(duì)我很友好。rude粗魯?shù)?；attached附屬的，依戀的；friendly友好的；devoted忠誠(chéng)的，獻(xiàn)身的。故選C。9．A.figured B．a(chǎn)ddedC．made D．sorted答案D解析句意為：最后當(dāng)一切都安排妥當(dāng)，我的態(tài)度才好起來(lái)。figure計(jì)算，解決；add增加；make做；sort安排妥當(dāng)。故選D。10．A.reflectedon B．workedatC．calledat D．wentthrough答案A解析句意為：我坐在等候室，反思發(fā)生的一切。reflecton仔細(xì)想，反思；workat致力于；callat拜訪；gothrough經(jīng)歷(苦難)。故選A。11．A.unnecessary B．impoliteC．impossible D．unfair答案B解析句意為：我怎樣才能彌補(bǔ)之前無(wú)禮的行為？unnecessary不必要；impolite不禮貌的；impossible不可能的；unfair不公平的。故選B。12．A.comment B．promiseC．a(chǎn)pology D．suggestion答案C解析comment評(píng)論；promise承諾；apology道歉；suggestion建議。根據(jù)下文“IapologizedforthewayIhadspokentoher”可知，選C。13．A.slowly B．easilyC．frequently D．tightly答案B解析句意為：那次經(jīng)歷幫助我成了那個(gè)微笑的并容易原諒別人的女人。slowly慢慢地；easily容易地；frequently頻繁地；tightly緊緊地。故選B。14．A.teach B．forgiveC．hate D．see答案C解析句意為：每當(dāng)我很粗魯?shù)臅r(shí)候，我就很討厭自己這個(gè)樣子。teach教；forgive原諒；hate討厭；see看到。故選C。15．A.expand B．reactC．overcome D．learn答案D解析句意為：然而，我繼續(xù)成長(zhǎng)，繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)。expand擴(kuò)張；react反應(yīng)；overcome克服；learn學(xué)習(xí)。故選D。語(yǔ)法填空＋讀后續(xù)寫·綜合練Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空(2021·福建泉州質(zhì)檢)WangHongmei，amasterintheForbiddenCity，specializesinrestoringdamagedpaintings.“Ifoundconservationofpaintingsextremely1.(challenge)atthebeginningwhenIoftenhadtostandforhoursalldaylongduetothenatureofthework.”Wang2.(recall)．“Commitmentandtime3.(gradual)calmeddownmyheart.”IttakesaseasonedconservationistlikeWangawholeyear4.(restore)justthreetofourpaintings.Sometimestheworkcouldtakeeven5.(long)．Ascenicpaintingover170squaremetersinsize,6.wascreatedbyEmperorQianlongforhisretirement，wasworn.Wangandhercolleaguesspentfiveyearsrestoringthepaintingtoitspreviousbrilliance.“Thesetreasuresarenotsimplyindividualitems，7.heritages(遺產(chǎn))ofthecraftandspiritpassedonbytheartists，collectorsandconservationistsofthepast，”QuFeng，oneofWang’s8.(workmate)，said.“Strengthenedconservationeffortssymbolizeincreasingnationalpowerand9.(proud)．Ifwecanprotectourculturalheritagetothebestofourabilities，ournationwillcometobelieve10.itselfmorefirmly.”DuetotheeffortsbythemastersintheForbiddenCity，thepublicnowcanhaveafurtherunderstandingofculturalheritageprotection.語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了故宮里專門修復(fù)受損的畫作的大師王紅梅的工作性質(zhì)，以及她和她的同事對(duì)于這份工作的領(lǐng)悟。1．答案challenging解析考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析可知，此處是findsth./sb.＋adj.結(jié)構(gòu)，所填空應(yīng)是形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故填challenging。2．答案recalled解析考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)前面的“found”可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故填recalled。3．答案gradually解析考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析可知，此處是副詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)calmeddown。故填gradually。4．答案torestore解析考查固定搭配?！癐ttakessb.＋time＋todosth.”，固定句式，意為“花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間做某事”。故填torestore。5．答案longer解析考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。結(jié)合句意可知，本句在時(shí)間上與前文“awholeyear”有比較含義，應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。故填longer。6．答案which解析考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞。分析可知，此處為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞指代先行詞Ascenicpainting，指物，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which。7．答案but解析考查固定用法。分析可知，此處考查固定搭配not...but...，意為“不是……而是……”。故填but。8．答案workmates解析考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。此處是“oneof＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)。故填workmates。9．答案pride解析考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。結(jié)合空前并列連詞and可知，所填空應(yīng)與“power”在詞性上保持一致，用名詞作increase的賓語(yǔ)，表示抽象意義，為不可數(shù)。故填pride。10．答案in解析考查固定短語(yǔ)。believeinsb.相信某人。故填in。Ⅲ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。AfternoonwasMrsConroy’sfavoritetimeofaday.Afteraday’shardwork，hereyesweretiredandherfeethurt.Sheenjoyedthenicenap(小睡)shetookonthebus，especiallyinthesecolddays.MrsConroyhadmadefriendswiththebusdriver，MrAngstrom.Healwayswokeherupbeforeherstop.Sheusuallyfeltfreshwhenshegotoffthebus.Buttodaywasdifferent.MrAngstromwasn’tdriving.Atallyoungmaninanewuniformsatinthedriver’sseat.“Where’sMrAngstrom？”askedMrsConroy，droppinghermoneyintothebox.“Idon’tknow.Sick，Iguess.Ijustworkhere，lady.Steptothebackseat，”themansaidemotionlessly.MrsConroyhopedthatMrAngstromwasallright.Shedidn’tlikethisnewdriver.Shedecidednottosleeponthewayhometoday.Shedidn’twanttoaskthisdrivertowakeherup.Hedidn’tlooklikethetypewho’dwanttodoanyoneafavor.MrsConroytriedtokeephereyesopen，butthegentlerockingofthebushadacalmeffect.Withinafewminuteshereyesclosed.Withherheaddroppingtohershoulders，MrsConroyfellfastasleep.ThenextthingMrsConroyknew，ahandwasonhershoulder.Someonewasshakingherawake.“Wakeup，lady.We’vecometotheendoftheline.”MrsConroyopenedhereyes.Thebusdriverlookeddownather.“Timeforyoutogetoffthebus.”MrsConroyturnedawayandlookedoutofthewindow.“WhereamI？”sheasked.“IwassupposedtogetoffatEssexAvenue.”“You’reatthelaststop，lady.Comeon，getoffthebus.Ihaveascheduletokeepto.”MrsConroywashavingtroublewakingup.Thebusdrivertookherarmandhelpedherdownthebus.“Waitaminute，”shesaidinasharpvoice.“Thisisn’tEssexAvenue.HowcanIgethome？Canyouridemeback？”shebegged.“Sorry，lady.It’sagainsttherules，”thedriversaidasheclosedthedoor.注意：續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。MrsConroywatchedthebusdisappeardowntheroad.