動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)be?v-ed?havebeendone?havebeendoing?havedone?havebeendoing?havebeendoing?v-ing?動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)be?v-ed?havebeendon1在高考英語中，動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)是重中之重，試題在考查固定句式中的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的同時(shí)，注重上下文的語境中考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。要了解幾種時(shí)態(tài)的一些常規(guī)規(guī)則，答題時(shí)要研讀題干，搜索出盡可能多的“時(shí)間參照信息”，尤其要注意時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)情況。在高考英語中，動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)是重中2①I'llgothereafterI________(finish)mywork.②Thewaterwillbefurtherpollutedunlesssomemeasures________(take)．③Mytrain________(leave)at6：30.④Asnow________(expect)tocomenextweek.⑤Onthewall________(hang)apicture.⑥Thiskindofcloth________(wash)well.⑦Don'ttakeitaway.It________(belong)tome.⑧Hesaidwater________(boil)at100℃.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空【答案】①finish②aretaken③leaves④isexpected⑤hangs⑥washes⑦belongs⑧boils用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空【答案】①finish②aret3一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

1、表示動(dòng)作的經(jīng)常性或真理2、表示現(xiàn)狀、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)時(shí)多用系動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞3、在條件、時(shí)間、讓步狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將來4、表示預(yù)計(jì)或規(guī)定5、方位副詞或介詞短語放在句首若句子主語是名詞，用完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，也表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；6、用于文學(xué)作品和文學(xué)評(píng)論中或者戲劇舞臺(tái)說明,也用于場景描述（如現(xiàn)場解說）7、用于交通時(shí)刻表安排一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1、表示動(dòng)作的經(jīng)常性或真理4

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和將來進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或者近階段在做的事的情況，也表示計(jì)劃、安排要做的事，還可以表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作，往往含有贊賞、厭惡、遺憾等情緒，常與always，continually，constantly，allthetime連用；過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一刻或一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行，還可以表示過去的將來動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的未完成性和暫時(shí)性，還可以表示感情色彩；將來進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)候或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)5用進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來的情況某些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示計(jì)劃或安排好了的將來動(dòng)作。常見的這類動(dòng)詞有：go，come，leave，arrive，head,fly,stay,start，takeoff等，另外，have,give構(gòu)成的部分短語?！纠縃e__________toseeyoutomorrow.A.comes B.hascome C.iscoming D.wascomingC用進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來的情況C6一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞或靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如；like，love，prefer，want，think，wish，desire，believe，know，understand，realize，recognize，doubt，feel，forgive，guess，imagine，satisfy，taste，see，be，belongto，concern，contain，cost，dependon，deserve，have(有)，haveon，lack，need，owe，own，remain，seem，sound等。1.感官系動(dòng)詞或感官結(jié)果的動(dòng)詞2.思想意識(shí)形態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變的動(dòng)詞3.只表示抽象關(guān)系不表示具體動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞（有些詞偶爾會(huì)用進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一種趨勢，如peoplearefinding...越來越發(fā)現(xiàn)）補(bǔ)充：系表結(jié)構(gòu)+being，表示一時(shí)間的舉動(dòng)一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞7【例】---Youaredrinkingtoomuch.---Onlyathome.Noone_________mebutyou.

A.isseeing B.hadseen C.sees D.sawC【例】---Youaredrinkingtoomuc8

用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：①—Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?—Notyet.Therooms____________(paint)．②Myfather________(fall)whilehe________(ride)hisbicycleand________(hurt)himself.③—Whyarehereyesred?—She____________(cry)．④He____________(fly)overtheAtlanticatthistimetomorrow.⑤You________always________(watch)TV.Whynotdosomethingmoreactive?⑥—Didyoufindthemissingcoupleinthemountainyesterday?—No，butwe________(try)togetintouchwiththemeversince.【答案】①arebeingpainted②fell；wasriding；hurt③hasbeencrying④willbeflying⑤are；watching⑥havebeentrying用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：9

一般將來時(shí)注意區(qū)別willdo，begoingtodo，beabouttodo，bedoing，betodo：①willdo表示事物的固有屬性或按自然規(guī)律的必然趨勢，此外，還表示說話間的臨時(shí)決定或者習(xí)慣傾向性，意愿，相信將來要發(fā)生的事；②begoingtodo表示計(jì)劃、打算要做某事，還表示根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的跡象，對(duì)未來進(jìn)行推斷；一般將10③beabouttodo表示立即的將來，因此，不與表示將來的具體時(shí)間狀語連用；注意和when從句的搭配；④有些動(dòng)詞如come，go，arrive，leave，begin等，其一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)亦可表示按計(jì)劃或安排將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；⑤betodo表示按計(jì)劃或安排要做的事，意為“應(yīng)該（常常和第二、三人稱用）；也表示想要，打算；注定會(huì)”，③beabouttodo表示立即的將來，因此，不與表示11

用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：①Ladiesandgentlemen，pleasefastenyoursafetybelt.Theplane________(take)off.②Lookatthetimetable.Flight4026________(take)offat18：20.③Ifyou____________(succeed)，youshouldworkhard.④Lookatthedarkclouds.It____________(rain)．⑤—Thelightisstillon.—Sorry.I________(go)andturnitoff.【答案】①istaking②takes③aretosucceed④isgoingtorain⑤willgo用所給動(dòng)詞12“bedueto+動(dòng)詞原形”表示將來的用法表示按計(jì)劃或時(shí)間表預(yù)期將要發(fā)生某事?！纠縏hestrike________beginonTuesday.A.isdueto B.isaboutto C.shall D.aregoingto【例】Theteachersaid，“Alltheexercises_____behandedinontime.”A.will B.areto C.areaboutto D.aregoingtoAB“bedueto+動(dòng)詞原形”表示將來的用法【例】The13

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的基本用法主要強(qiáng)調(diào)“過去”和“現(xiàn)在”的關(guān)系，須注意下面幾點(diǎn)：(1)指過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。(2)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般不與具體的過去時(shí)間狀語或when從句連用。(3)短暫性動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)一般不與段時(shí)間狀語連用。(4)常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語有：in/overthepast/lastfewyears，bynow，upto/untillnow，sofar，already，yet，since，forfiveyears，recently，lately，before，never，once，today，thisweek(month，year)，manytimes，just等?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)14【例】---I’msorry，butIdon’tquitefollowyou.DidyousayyouwantedtoreturnonSeptember20?---Sorry，I____________myselfclear.WewanttoreturnonOctober20.A.hadn’tmade B.wouldn’tmakeC.don’tmake D.haven’tmade【例】---IhearJanehasgonetotheHolyIslandforherbirthday.---Oh，hownice!Doyouknowwhenshe________?A.wasleaving B.hadleft C.hasleft D.leftDD【例】---I’msorry，butIdon’tq15

用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：①—Ihaven'tseenyouforages.Haven'tyougraduatedfromcollege?—Yes.I________(study)EnglishforfouryearsinNanjingUniversity.②Where________you________(put)mybook?Ican'tfinditanywhere.③Althoughhehaslivedwithusforyears，he________(notleave)usmuchimpression.④Mybrotherisanactor.He________(appear)inseveralfilmsinthepastfewyears.⑤—LiPinmaynotcometonight.—Buthe________(promise)．【答案】①studied②have；put③hasn'tleft④hasappeared⑤promised

16特殊句型1.It／This／Thatisthefirst／secondtimethat+陳述句；此句型中that引導(dǎo)的從句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。2.It／This／Thatisthe+最高級(jí)+名詞that+陳述句…，此句型中that引導(dǎo)的從句也常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。3.Itis/(hasbeen)+段時(shí)間+since+句子（一般過去時(shí)4.Itwillbe+段時(shí)間+before+句子（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）5.Itwas+段時(shí)間+before+句子（一般過去時(shí)）特殊句型17區(qū)別下列幾組句子：①HehaslivedinLondonforthreeyears.(現(xiàn)在還住在倫敦)HelivedinLondonforthreeyears(現(xiàn)在不在倫敦了)②It'stwoyearssincehesmoked.(他不抽煙已兩年了，注意持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表達(dá)的意思)It'stwoyearssincehebegantosmoke.(他抽煙已有兩年了)區(qū)別下列幾組句子：18③Thisisthefirst/second...time(that)Ihave_visitedtheschool.Thiswasthefirst/second...timeIhad_visitedtheschool.④Hewaswritingabooklastyear.(去年他在寫一本書)Hewroteabooklastyear.(去年他寫了一本書)⑤IthoughthewasanAmerican.(我原以為他是美國人)IthinkheisanAmerican.(我覺得他是美國人)③Thisisthefirst/second...ti19

過去完成時(shí)

過去完成時(shí)表示一件事情發(fā)生在過去，而另一件事情先于它發(fā)生(即表示“過去的過去”)。常用的時(shí)間狀語有：bythen，bythattime，bytheendof，before2000，bythetime，[注]也表示原打算做但未做的幾種表達(dá)：Ihadhoped/expected/meant/intended/...todo...，but...＝Ihoped/expected/...tohavedone...，but...＝Iwouldlike/lovetohavedone...，but...＝Iwastohavedone...，but...＝Iwasgoingtohavedone...，but...＝Iwouldhavedone...，but...haddone的結(jié)構(gòu)也用于虛擬語氣中對(duì)過去的假設(shè)。過去完成時(shí)20特殊句型1.It／This／Thatwas

thefirst／secondtimethat+陳述句；此句型中that引導(dǎo)的從句常用過去完成時(shí)。2.It／This／Thatwasthe+最高級(jí)+名詞that+陳述句…，此句型中that引導(dǎo)的從句也常用過去完成時(shí)。3.Itwas+段時(shí)間+since+句子（過去完成時(shí)）4.Hardly/scarcely/rarelyhadsbdonesthwhen/before+句子（過去時(shí)）

5.Nosoonerhadsbdonesththan

+句子（過去時(shí)）特殊句型21將來完成時(shí)將來完成時(shí)表示到將來某一時(shí)間，某一動(dòng)作將會(huì)完成，常用的時(shí)間狀語為“by＋將來的某個(gè)時(shí)間”:bythetime，bytheendof，by...。如：Theywillhavecompletedtheprojectbytheendofnextyear.【例】BythetimeJanegetshome，heraunt__________forLondontoattendameeting.A.willleave B.leaves C.willhaveleft D.leftC將來完成時(shí)C22

用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：①Helen________(leave)herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband________(come)home.②I________(hope)tomeetMr.Thompsonthismorning，butIfoundnobodyleftintheroom.③Bythetimehe________(return)home，theworkhadbeenfinished.④Bythetimehereturnshome，thework____________(finish)．⑤WeplantoreachtheNorthPoleinmid－July，andbythenwe____________(walk)forsixweeks.【答案】①hadleft；came②hadhoped③returned④willhavebeenfinished⑤willhavewalked用所給23關(guān)于語態(tài)的考點(diǎn)一、定義與用法英語的語態(tài)分為主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，而被動(dòng)語態(tài)則表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。被動(dòng)語態(tài)由“be／get+過去分詞”構(gòu)成?！纠?】Thiscoastalarea_______anationalwildlifereservelastyear.A.wasnamedB.named C.isnamedD.names【例2】Thisoldbookcase__________whenwemovedit.A.damaged B.hasdamaged C.gotdamaged D.wasbeingdamagedAC關(guān)于語態(tài)的考點(diǎn)AC24二、兩種特殊的被動(dòng)語態(tài)1.雙賓語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)英語中有些動(dòng)詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語，如：give，buy，bring，show，pass，offer，lend，leave，tell，write，sing，teach等，這些動(dòng)詞用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，可以將其中任何一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，而另一個(gè)賓語仍保留在謂語后面。如：Heboughtmemanybooks?！鶬wasboughtmanybooks.或Manybookswereboughtforme.2.短語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)短語動(dòng)詞是由“動(dòng)詞+介詞”，“動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞”等結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)中，不能漏掉其后的介詞?！纠?】---WhydoesLinglinglooksounhappy?---She___________byherclassmates.A.haslaughed B.haslaughedatC.hasbeenlaughed D.hasbeenlaughedatD二、兩種特殊的被動(dòng)語態(tài)D25三、主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的若干情形1.連系動(dòng)詞(如look，sound，smell，feel，taste，prove等)要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)?！纠?】Althoughalloftheapples____________，noneofthem__________good.A.havebeentasted；tasteB.havebeentasted；aretastedC.havetasted；tasteD.havetasted；aretasted2.英語中有些動(dòng)詞如：open，close，shut，lock，move，read，wash，clean，cook，cut，wear，carry等，當(dāng)主語是物，且又表示主語的特征或狀態(tài)時(shí)，要用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義?！纠?】Beingpopularwithcustomers，theproducts__________wellandmaybe__________intwomonths.A.sell；sellout B.aresold；sellout

C.sell；willbesoldout D.aresold；willbesoldoutAC三、主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的若干情形AC263.toblame/let/rent/hire用作表語，通常用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。【例6】Thepolicyispartly__________forcausingtheworstunemploymentinEurope.A.tobeblamedB.toblame C.beingblamed D.blaming4.“主語+be+形容詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式通常要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。這類形容詞常見的有：convenient，comfortable，dangerous，difficult，hard，easy，impossible，interesting，nice，pleasant，safe，tough，tricky，unpleasant等。【例7】Thechairlooksratherhard，butinfactitisverycomfortable____________.A.tositB.tositonC.tobesaton D.forsitting【例8】Alotofpeoplefindmodernartveryhard____________.A.understood B.tobeunderstoodC.tounderstand D.beingunderstoodBBC3.toblame/let/rent/hire用作表語275.不定式用于某些動(dòng)詞(如：have[有]，get，want，need等)的賓語后作定語時(shí)，如果不定式的邏輯主語是句子的主語，通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義?！纠?】Ihavesomeclothes_____________now，soIcan’tgoouttoplay.A.towash B.tobewashed C.washing D.beingwashed注：若不定式的邏輯主語不是句子的主語，則應(yīng)用被動(dòng)式。【例10】Sir，doyouhavesomething____________?I’mfreenow.A.totype B.typing C.tobetyped D.tohavetypedAC5.不定式用于某些動(dòng)詞(如：have[有]，get，wan286.在“with+賓語+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式表示將來的動(dòng)作，且其邏輯主語是句子的主語，該不定式常用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)?！纠?1】Withsomanydifficultproblems__________，Idon’tknowifI’llhavetimetogocampingwithmyfriendsthisweekend.A.tosettleB.settled C.tobesettled D.havetobesettled7.beworth后的動(dòng)名詞要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。如：Thesetenbooksrecommendedbythiswell-knownwebsitearereallyworth__________.

***注：而worthy多用beworthyofbeingdone或beworthytobedone【例12】Thebookisworthy__________againbecauseitisveryinstructive.A.reading B.toread C.toberead D.ofreadingCAreading6.在“with+賓語+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式表示將來的動(dòng)29四、不及物動(dòng)詞和有些及物動(dòng)詞(短語)無被動(dòng)語態(tài)常見的有occur，takeplace，happen，breakout，belongto，appear，disappear，cost，last，agreewith等。【例13】Greatchanges___________inthecityandalotoffactories____________·A.havebeentakenplace；havebeensetupB.havetakenplace；havebeensetupC.aretakenplace；aresetupD.weretakenplace；weresetup【例14】Inastruggle____________formanyyears，theAboriginesclaimedequalrightsforallAustralians，buttheAustraliangovernmentdidn’tpasslawstostrengthentherightsuntilthe1960’s.A.thatlasting B.lasted C.thatwaslasted D.thatlastedBD四、不及物動(dòng)詞和有些及物動(dòng)詞(短語)無被動(dòng)語態(tài)BD30其它典型考點(diǎn)***在need，want，require，deserve后接動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式，相當(dāng)于tobedone。如：Thewatchneedsrepairing（=toberepaired).Hedeservespraising/praise/tobepraised.***“get＋過去分詞”可以表示被動(dòng)，也表示遭遇某種不良狀況，此結(jié)構(gòu)比較口語化。用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：①Thepatient________(treat)onceaweek.②Hefelloffthebuildingand________(kill)．【答案】①getstreated/istreated②gotkilled/waskilled其它典型考點(diǎn)【答案】①getstreated/istre31***感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)是動(dòng)詞原形，改成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)要加to。將下列句子改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)：①Isawhimfalldown.Hewasseen____________．②Imadehimwashthedishes.Hewasmade____________．【答案】①tofalldown②towashthedishes***感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)【答案】①tofall32***“據(jù)說/據(jù)報(bào)道/……”的表達(dá)：

Itissaid/reported/believed/known/...＋that從句，?？筛臑椋簊b./sth.issaid/reported/believed/known...＋to｛It'ssaidthathehasleftthestage.＝Heissaidtohaveleftthestage.be+表語be+V-ingV-原形havedonesth.***“據(jù)說/據(jù)報(bào)道/……”的表達(dá)：be+表語33Thanksforlistening!Thanksforlistening!ThanksThanksforlistening!Thanksfo34動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)be?v-ed?havebeendone?havebeendoing?havedone?havebeendoing?havebeendoing?v-ing?動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)be?v-ed?havebeendon35在高考英語中，動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)是重中之重，試題在考查固定句式中的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的同時(shí)，注重上下文的語境中考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。要了解幾種時(shí)態(tài)的一些常規(guī)規(guī)則，答題時(shí)要研讀題干，搜索出盡可能多的“時(shí)間參照信息”，尤其要注意時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)情況。在高考英語中，動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)是重中36①I'llgothereafterI________(finish)mywork.②Thewaterwillbefurtherpollutedunlesssomemeasures________(take)．③Mytrain________(leave)at6：30.④Asnow________(expect)tocomenextweek.⑤Onthewall________(hang)apicture.⑥Thiskindofcloth________(wash)well.⑦Don'ttakeitaway.It________(belong)tome.⑧Hesaidwater________(boil)at100℃.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空【答案】①finish②aretaken③leaves④isexpected⑤hangs⑥washes⑦belongs⑧boils用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空【答案】①finish②aret37一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

1、表示動(dòng)作的經(jīng)常性或真理2、表示現(xiàn)狀、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)時(shí)多用系動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞3、在條件、時(shí)間、讓步狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將來4、表示預(yù)計(jì)或規(guī)定5、方位副詞或介詞短語放在句首若句子主語是名詞，用完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，也表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；6、用于文學(xué)作品和文學(xué)評(píng)論中或者戲劇舞臺(tái)說明,也用于場景描述（如現(xiàn)場解說）7、用于交通時(shí)刻表安排一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1、表示動(dòng)作的經(jīng)常性或真理38

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和將來進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或者近階段在做的事的情況，也表示計(jì)劃、安排要做的事，還可以表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作，往往含有贊賞、厭惡、遺憾等情緒，常與always，continually，constantly，allthetime連用；過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一刻或一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行，還可以表示過去的將來動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的未完成性和暫時(shí)性，還可以表示感情色彩；將來進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)候或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)39用進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來的情況某些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示計(jì)劃或安排好了的將來動(dòng)作。常見的這類動(dòng)詞有：go，come，leave，arrive，head,fly,stay,start，takeoff等，另外，have,give構(gòu)成的部分短語?！纠縃e__________toseeyoutomorrow.A.comes B.hascome C.iscoming D.wascomingC用進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來的情況C40一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞或靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如；like，love，prefer，want，think，wish，desire，believe，know，understand，realize，recognize，doubt，feel，forgive，guess，imagine，satisfy，taste，see，be，belongto，concern，contain，cost，dependon，deserve，have(有)，haveon，lack，need，owe，own，remain，seem，sound等。1.感官系動(dòng)詞或感官結(jié)果的動(dòng)詞2.思想意識(shí)形態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變的動(dòng)詞3.只表示抽象關(guān)系不表示具體動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞（有些詞偶爾會(huì)用進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一種趨勢，如peoplearefinding...越來越發(fā)現(xiàn)）補(bǔ)充：系表結(jié)構(gòu)+being，表示一時(shí)間的舉動(dòng)一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞41【例】---Youaredrinkingtoomuch.---Onlyathome.Noone_________mebutyou.

A.isseeing B.hadseen C.sees D.sawC【例】---Youaredrinkingtoomuc42

用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：①—Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?—Notyet.Therooms____________(paint)．②Myfather________(fall)whilehe________(ride)hisbicycleand________(hurt)himself.③—Whyarehereyesred?—She____________(cry)．④He____________(fly)overtheAtlanticatthistimetomorrow.⑤You________always________(watch)TV.Whynotdosomethingmoreactive?⑥—Didyoufindthemissingcoupleinthemountainyesterday?—No，butwe________(try)togetintouchwiththemeversince.【答案】①arebeingpainted②fell；wasriding；hurt③hasbeencrying④willbeflying⑤are；watching⑥havebeentrying用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：43

一般將來時(shí)注意區(qū)別willdo，begoingtodo，beabouttodo，bedoing，betodo：①willdo表示事物的固有屬性或按自然規(guī)律的必然趨勢，此外，還表示說話間的臨時(shí)決定或者習(xí)慣傾向性，意愿，相信將來要發(fā)生的事；②begoingtodo表示計(jì)劃、打算要做某事，還表示根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的跡象，對(duì)未來進(jìn)行推斷；一般將44③beabouttodo表示立即的將來，因此，不與表示將來的具體時(shí)間狀語連用；注意和when從句的搭配；④有些動(dòng)詞如come，go，arrive，leave，begin等，其一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)亦可表示按計(jì)劃或安排將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；⑤betodo表示按計(jì)劃或安排要做的事，意為“應(yīng)該（常常和第二、三人稱用）；也表示想要，打算；注定會(huì)”，③beabouttodo表示立即的將來，因此，不與表示45

用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：①Ladiesandgentlemen，pleasefastenyoursafetybelt.Theplane________(take)off.②Lookatthetimetable.Flight4026________(take)offat18：20.③Ifyou____________(succeed)，youshouldworkhard.④Lookatthedarkclouds.It____________(rain)．⑤—Thelightisstillon.—Sorry.I________(go)andturnitoff.【答案】①istaking②takes③aretosucceed④isgoingtorain⑤willgo用所給動(dòng)詞46“bedueto+動(dòng)詞原形”表示將來的用法表示按計(jì)劃或時(shí)間表預(yù)期將要發(fā)生某事?！纠縏hestrike________beginonTuesday.A.isdueto B.isaboutto C.shall D.aregoingto【例】Theteachersaid，“Alltheexercises_____behandedinontime.”A.will B.areto C.areaboutto D.aregoingtoAB“bedueto+動(dòng)詞原形”表示將來的用法【例】The47

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的基本用法主要強(qiáng)調(diào)“過去”和“現(xiàn)在”的關(guān)系，須注意下面幾點(diǎn)：(1)指過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。(2)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般不與具體的過去時(shí)間狀語或when從句連用。(3)短暫性動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)一般不與段時(shí)間狀語連用。(4)常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語有：in/overthepast/lastfewyears，bynow，upto/untillnow，sofar，already，yet，since，forfiveyears，recently，lately，before，never，once，today，thisweek(month，year)，manytimes，just等?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)48【例】---I’msorry，butIdon’tquitefollowyou.DidyousayyouwantedtoreturnonSeptember20?---Sorry，I____________myselfclear.WewanttoreturnonOctober20.A.hadn’tmade B.wouldn’tmakeC.don’tmake D.haven’tmade【例】---IhearJanehasgonetotheHolyIslandforherbirthday.---Oh，hownice!Doyouknowwhenshe________?A.wasleaving B.hadleft C.hasleft D.leftDD【例】---I’msorry，butIdon’tq49

用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：①—Ihaven'tseenyouforages.Haven'tyougraduatedfromcollege?—Yes.I________(study)EnglishforfouryearsinNanjingUniversity.②Where________you________(put)mybook?Ican'tfinditanywhere.③Althoughhehaslivedwithusforyears，he________(notleave)usmuchimpression.④Mybrotherisanactor.He________(appear)inseveralfilmsinthepastfewyears.⑤—LiPinmaynotcometonight.—Buthe________(promise)．【答案】①studied②have；put③hasn'tleft④hasappeared⑤promised

50特殊句型1.It／This／Thatisthefirst／secondtimethat+陳述句；此句型中that引導(dǎo)的從句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。2.It／This／Thatisthe+最高級(jí)+名詞that+陳述句…，此句型中that引導(dǎo)的從句也常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。3.Itis/(hasbeen)+段時(shí)間+since+句子（一般過去時(shí)4.Itwillbe+段時(shí)間+before+句子（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）5.Itwas+段時(shí)間+before+句子（一般過去時(shí)）特殊句型51區(qū)別下列幾組句子：①HehaslivedinLondonforthreeyears.(現(xiàn)在還住在倫敦)HelivedinLondonforthreeyears(現(xiàn)在不在倫敦了)②It'stwoyearssincehesmoked.(他不抽煙已兩年了，注意持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表達(dá)的意思)It'stwoyearssincehebegantosmoke.(他抽煙已有兩年了)區(qū)別下列幾組句子：52③Thisisthefirst/second...time(that)Ihave_visitedtheschool.Thiswasthefirst/second...timeIhad_visitedtheschool.④Hewaswritingabooklastyear.(去年他在寫一本書)Hewroteabooklastyear.(去年他寫了一本書)⑤IthoughthewasanAmerican.(我原以為他是美國人)IthinkheisanAmerican.(我覺得他是美國人)③Thisisthefirst/second...ti53

過去完成時(shí)

過去完成時(shí)表示一件事情發(fā)生在過去，而另一件事情先于它發(fā)生(即表示“過去的過去”)。常用的時(shí)間狀語有：bythen，bythattime，bytheendof，before2000，bythetime，[注]也表示原打算做但未做的幾種表達(dá)：Ihadhoped/expected/meant/intended/...todo...，but...＝Ihoped/expected/...tohavedone...，but...＝Iwouldlike/lovetohavedone...，but...＝Iwastohavedone...，but...＝Iwasgoingtohavedone...，but...＝Iwouldhavedone...，but...haddone的結(jié)構(gòu)也用于虛擬語氣中對(duì)過去的假設(shè)。過去完成時(shí)54特殊句型1.It／This／Thatwas

thefirst／secondtimethat+陳述句；此句型中that引導(dǎo)的從句常用過去完成時(shí)。2.It／This／Thatwasthe+最高級(jí)+名詞that+陳述句…，此句型中that引導(dǎo)的從句也常用過去完成時(shí)。3.Itwas+段時(shí)間+since+句子（過去完成時(shí)）4.Hardly/scarcely/rarelyhadsbdonesthwhen/before+句子（過去時(shí)）

5.Nosoonerhadsbdonesththan

+句子（過去時(shí)）特殊句型55將來完成時(shí)將來完成時(shí)表示到將來某一時(shí)間，某一動(dòng)作將會(huì)完成，常用的時(shí)間狀語為“by＋將來的某個(gè)時(shí)間”:bythetime，bytheendof，by...。如：Theywillhavecompletedtheprojectbytheendofnextyear.【例】BythetimeJanegetshome，heraunt__________forLondontoattendameeting.A.willleave B.leaves C.willhaveleft D.leftC將來完成時(shí)C56

用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：①Helen________(leave)herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband________(come)home.②I________(hope)tomeetMr.Thompsonthismorning，butIfoundnobodyleftintheroom.③Bythetimehe________(return)home，theworkhadbeenfinished.④Bythetimehereturnshome，thework____________(finish)．⑤WeplantoreachtheNorthPoleinmid－July，andbythenwe____________(walk)forsixweeks.【答案】①hadleft；came②hadhoped③returned④willhavebeenfinished⑤willhavewalked用所給57關(guān)于語態(tài)的考點(diǎn)一、定義與用法英語的語態(tài)分為主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，而被動(dòng)語態(tài)則表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。被動(dòng)語態(tài)由“be／get+過去分詞”構(gòu)成?！纠?】Thiscoastalarea_______anationalwildlifereservelastyear.A.wasnamedB.named C.isnamedD.names【例2】Thisoldbookcase__________whenwemovedit.A.damaged B.hasdamaged C.gotdamaged D.wasbeingdamagedAC關(guān)于語態(tài)的考點(diǎn)AC58二、兩種特殊的被動(dòng)語態(tài)1.雙賓語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)英語中有些動(dòng)詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語，如：give，buy，bring，show，pass，offer，lend，leave，tell，write，sing，teach等，這些動(dòng)詞用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，可以將其中任何一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，而另一個(gè)賓語仍保留在謂語后面。如：Heboughtmemanybooks?！鶬wasboughtmanybooks.或Manybookswereboughtforme.2.短語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)短語動(dòng)詞是由“動(dòng)詞+介詞”，“動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞”等結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)中，不能漏掉其后的介詞?！纠?】---WhydoesLinglinglooksounhappy?---She___________byherclassmates.A.haslaughed B.haslaughedatC.hasbeenlaughed D.hasbeenlaughedatD二、兩種特殊的被動(dòng)語態(tài)D59三、主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的若干情形1.連系動(dòng)詞(如look，sound，smell，feel，taste，prove等)要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。【例4】Althoughalloftheapples____________，noneofthem__________good.A.havebeentasted；tasteB.havebeentasted；aretastedC.havetasted；tasteD.havetasted；aretasted2.英語中有些動(dòng)詞如：open，close，shut，lock，move，read，wash，clean，cook，cut，wear，carry等，當(dāng)主語是物，且又表示主語的特征或狀態(tài)時(shí)，要用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義。【例5】Beingpopularwithcustomers，theproducts__________wellandmaybe__________intwomonths.A.sell；sellout B.aresold；sellout

C.sell；willbesoldout D.aresold；willbesoldoutAC三、主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的若干情形AC603.toblame/let/rent/hire用作表語，通常用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)?！纠?】Thepolicyispartly__________forcausingtheworstunemploymentinEurope.A.tobeblamedB.toblame C.beingblamed D.blaming4.“主語+be+形容詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式通常要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。這類形容詞常見的有：convenient，comfortable，dangerous，difficult，hard，easy，impossible，interesting，nice，pleasant，safe，tough，tricky，unpleasant等?！纠?】Thechairlooksratherhard，butinfactitisverycomfortable____________.A.tositB.tositonC.tobesaton D.forsitting【例8】Alotofpeoplefindmodernartveryhard____________.A.understood B.tobeunderstoodC.tounderstand D.beingunderstoodBBC3.toblame/let/rent/hire用作表語615.不定式用于某些動(dòng)詞(如：have[有]，get，want，need等)的賓語后作定語時(shí)，如果不定式的邏輯主語是句子的主語，通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義?！纠?】Ihavesomeclothes_____________now，soIcan’tgoouttoplay.A.towash