書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-麗水職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Heis

a/an（）andwell-behavedchild,but

hisparentsworryabouthimforhetalkstoolittle.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.obedient

B.transient

C.conscious

D.passionate

【答案】A

【解析】obedient指順從的,聽(tīng)話的；transient指短暫的；conscious指知道的,清醒的；passionate指激情的。句意：他是個(gè)聽(tīng)話的孩子,但他父母擔(dān)心他有些過(guò)于內(nèi)向。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

2.單選題

Astudyofarthistorymightbeagoodwaytolearnmoreaboutaculturethanispossibletolearningeneralhistoryclasses.Mosttypicalhistorycoursesconcentrateonpolitics,economics,andwar.Butarthistoryfocusesonmuchmorethanthisbecauseartreflectsnotonlythepoliticalvaluesofapeople,butalsoreligiousbeliefs,emotions,andpsychology.Inaddition,informationaboutthedailyactivitiesofourancestors——orofpeopleverydifferentfromourown——canbeprovidedbyart.Inshortartexpressestheessentialqualitiesofatimeandaplace,andastudyofitclearlyofferusadeeperunderstandingthancanbefoundinmosthistorybooks.

Inhistorybooks,objectiveinformationaboutthepoliticallifeofacountryispresented;thatis,factsaboutpoliticsaregiven,butopinionsarenotexpressed.Art,ontheotherhand,issubjective:itreflectsemotionsandopinions.ThegreatSpanishpainterFranciscoGoyawasperhapsthefirsttruly"political”artist.Inhiswell-knownpaintingTheThirdofMay1808,hecriticizedtheSpanishgovernmentforitsmisuseofpoweroverpeople.Overahundredyearslater,symbolicimageswereusedinPabloPicasso’sGuernicatoexpressthehorrorofwar.Meanwhile,onanothercontinent,thepowerfulpaintingsofDiegoRivera.JoseClementeOrozco,andDavidAlfaroSiqueirosaswellastheworksofAlfredoRamosMartines——depictedtheseMexicanartists’deepangerandsadnessaboutsocialproblems.

Inthesameway,artcanreflectaculture’sreligiousbeliefs.ForhundredsofyearsinEurope,religiousartwasalmosttheonlytypeofartthatexisted.ChurchesandotherreligiousbuildingswerefilledwithpaintingsthatdepictedpeopleandstoriesfromtheBible.Althoughmostpeoplecouldn’tread,theycouldstillunderstandbiblicalstoriesinthepicturesonchurchwalls.Bycontrast,oneofthemaincharacteristicsofartintheMiddleEastwas(andstillis)itsabsenceofhumanandanimalimages.ThisreflectstheIslamicbeliefthatstatuesareunholy.

1.Morecanbelearnedaboutaculturefromastudyofarthistorythangeneralhistorybecausearthistory（

）.

2.Artissubjectiveinthat

（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.Thepassageismainlydiscussing

（

）.

5.Itmaybeconcludedfromthispassagethat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.showsusthereligionsandemotionsofapeopleinadditiontopoliticalvalues

B.providesuswithinformationaboutthedailyactivitiesofpeopleinthepast

C.givesusaninsightintotheessentialqualitiesofatimeandaplace

D.alloftheabove

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.apersonalandemotionalviewofhistoryispresentedthroughit

B.itcaneasilyrouseourangerorsadnessaboutsocialproblems

C.itwillfindareadyechoinourhearts

D.bothBandC

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.UnlikeFranciscoGoya,PabloandseveralMexicanartistsexpressedtheirpoliticalopinionsintheirpaintings

B.Historybooksoftenrevealthecompilers’politicalviews.

C.ReligiousartremainedinEuropeforcenturiestheonlytypeofartbecausemostpeopleregardedtheBibleastheHolyBook.

D.Alltheabovementionedarenottrue.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thedifferencebetweengeneralhistoryandarthistory

B.themakingofarthistory

C.whatcanwelearnfromart

D.theinfluenceofartistsonarthistory

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Islamicartistshavehadtocreatearchitecturaldecorationswithimagesofflowersorgeometricforms

B.Historyteachersaremoreobjectivethangeneralhistory

C.Itismoredifficulttostudyarthistorythangeneralhistory.

D.PeopleandstoriesfromtheBiblewerepaintedonchurchesandotherbuildingsinordertopopularizetheBible.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:展示一個(gè)民族的宗教和情感以及政治價(jià)值觀,由第一段“...artreflectsnotonlythepoliticalvaluesofapeople,but

alsoreligiousbeliefs,emotions,andpsychology(藝術(shù)反應(yīng)人的政治價(jià)值觀、宗教信仰、情感和心理狀態(tài))”可知A項(xiàng)正確。B:提供過(guò)去人們?nèi)粘；顒?dòng)的信息,由第一段中“Inaddition,informationaboutthedailyactivitiesofourancestors...canbeprovidedbyart另外,…通過(guò)藝術(shù)我們能了解有關(guān)我們祖先日?；顒?dòng)的信息)”可知B項(xiàng)爭(zhēng)取。C:讓我們洞察一個(gè)時(shí)代和一個(gè)地方的本質(zhì),由第一段中“Inshort，artexpressestheessentialqualitiesofatimeandaplace(總之，藝術(shù)表達(dá)了一個(gè)吋代和一個(gè)地方的基本特質(zhì))”可知C項(xiàng)正確。故選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Artissubjective定位至第二段:Art,ontheotherhand,issubjective:itreflectsemotionsandopinions(另一方面，藝術(shù)是主觀的，它反映了個(gè)人的情緒和觀點(diǎn))。隨后舉例說(shuō)明藝術(shù)家在自己的作品中表達(dá)對(duì)政府、社會(huì)等的觀點(diǎn),因此A項(xiàng)“因?yàn)橥ㄟ^(guò)藝術(shù)，可以表達(dá)個(gè)人對(duì)歷史的觀點(diǎn)和情緒”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:與弗朗西斯科?戈亞不同，帕布羅和幾位墨西哥藝術(shù)家在他們的畫(huà)作中表達(dá)了他們的政治觀點(diǎn)。由第二段中“ThegreatSpanishpainterFranciscoGoyawasperhapsthefirsttruly“political”artist(偉大的西班牙畫(huà)家FranciscoGoya或許是第一個(gè)真正的‘政治性’藝術(shù)家)”可知A項(xiàng)與原文所述不符。B:歷史書(shū)籍經(jīng)常顯示編輯者的政治觀點(diǎn),由第二段“Inhistorybooks,objectiveinformationaboutthepoliticallifeofacountryispresented;thatis,factsaboutpoliticsaregiven,butopinionsarenotexpressed(在歷史書(shū)籍中，有關(guān)一個(gè)國(guó)家政治生活的客觀信息被提出，即關(guān)于政治的事實(shí)被給給出，但相關(guān)的意見(jiàn)卻沒(méi)有表達(dá)出)”可知B項(xiàng)與原文所述不符。C:宗教藝術(shù)幾百年來(lái)一直是歐洲唯一的藝術(shù)類型，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)人把圣經(jīng)視為圣書(shū),文中并未提及。D:以上選項(xiàng)都不正確。所以本題選D。

4.主旨大意題。文中開(kāi)篇引出了主題:相比在一般的歷史課上可能學(xué)到的，研究藝術(shù)歷史是更多了解文化的一種好方法。隨后圍繞歷史,藝術(shù)歷史進(jìn)行討論。因此A“一般的歷史和藝術(shù)歷史的區(qū)別”比較能概括文章大意。

5.判斷推理題。A:伊斯蘭教藝術(shù)家一直不得不用花的圖像或幾何形式來(lái)創(chuàng)造建筑裝飾,由最后一段“Bycontrast,oneofthemaincharacteristicsofartintheMiddleEastwas(andstillis)itsabsenceofhumanandanimalimages.ThisreflectstheIslamicbeliefthatstaturesareunholy(相比之下，中東地區(qū)藝術(shù)的主要特點(diǎn)之一是（仍然是）沒(méi)有人或動(dòng)物的圖像。這反應(yīng)了伊斯蘭教認(rèn)為雕像不是神圣的)”可知A正確。B:歷史教師相比一般的歷史更具客觀性,由第二段中“Inhistorybooks,objectiveinformationaboutthepoliticallifeofacountryispresented;thatis,factsaboutpoliticsaregiven,butopinionsarenotexpressed(在歷史書(shū)籍中，有關(guān)一個(gè)國(guó)家政治生活的客觀信息被提出，即關(guān)于政治的事實(shí)被給出，但相關(guān)的意見(jiàn)卻沒(méi)有表達(dá)出)”可知B項(xiàng)“歷史教師相比一般的歷史更具客觀性”不正確。C:相比一般的歷史，研究藝術(shù)歷史更難,D:為了普及圣經(jīng)，人們把圣經(jīng)中的人物和故事畫(huà)在教堂和其他建筑物上。這兩項(xiàng)文章并未提及。故選A。

3.單選題

Don’tthisnewstothepublicuntilwegiveyouthego-ahead.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.relieve

B.release

C.relate

D.inform

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)relieve表示“解除，減輕”；B選項(xiàng)release表示“釋放，發(fā)布”；C選項(xiàng)relate表示“涉及，關(guān)聯(lián)，認(rèn)同”；D選項(xiàng)inform表示“通知，告訴”。根據(jù)句意可知，在得到許可前切勿向大眾發(fā)布消息。故本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

4.單選題

ThoughIhadtriedtoexplainitasclearlyaspossible,myexplanationseemednotto（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.getup

B.getalong

C.getacross

D.getdown

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。getup“起床”；getalong“相處，進(jìn)展”；getacross“使……被理解”；getdown“從…下來(lái)，使沮喪”。句意：盡管我努力解釋地足夠清楚了，但是我的解釋似乎不能被理解。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.單選題

Mr.Smithrecentlyhas（）tennistorelaxhimselfinsparetime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.takenup

B.takenin

C.takenon

D.takenover

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。takeup"占去;開(kāi)始從事";takein"欺騙;接受;吸收";takeon"呈現(xiàn),承擔(dān)";takeover"接管,接受。句意：史密斯先生最近開(kāi)始在空閑時(shí)間打網(wǎng)球,以此來(lái)放松自己。選項(xiàng)A正確。

6.單選題

Anewdegreeofintellectualpowerseemscheapatanyprice.Theuseoftheworldisthatmanmaylearnitslaws.Andthehumanracehaswiselysignifiedtheirsenseofthis,bycallingwealth,means-'Man'beingtheend.Languageisalwayswise.

ThereforeIpraiseNewEnglandbecauseitistheplaceintheworldwhereisthefreestexpenditureforeducation.Wehavealreadytaken,attheplantingoftheColonies,theinitialstep,whichforitsimportancemighthavebeenresistedasthemostradicalofrevolutions,thusdecidingatthestartthedestinyofthiscountry-this,namely,thatthepoorman,whomthelawdoesnotallowtotakeanearofcornwhenstarving,norapairofshoesforhisfreezingfeet,isallowedtoputhishandintothepocketoftherich,andsay,"Youshalleducateme,notasyouwill,butasIwill:notaloneintheelements,but,byfurtherprovision,inthelanguages,insciences,intheusefulandinelegantarts.ThechildshallbetakenupbytheState,andtaught,atthepubliccost,therudimentsofknowledge,and,atlast,theripestresultsofartandscience".

Humanlyspeaking,theschool,thecollege,society,makethedifferencebetweenmen.AllthefairytalesofAladdinortheinvisibleGygesorthetalismanthatopenskings'palacesortheenchantedhallsundergroundorinthesea,areanyfictionstoindicatetheonemiracleofintellectualenlargement.Whenamanstupidbecomesamaninspired,whenoneandthesamemanpassesoutofthetorpidintotheperceivingstate,leavesthedinoftrifles,thestuporofthesenses,toenterintothequasi-omniscienceofhighthought—upanddown,around,alllimitsdisappear.Nohorizonshutsdown.Heseesthingsintheircauses,allfactsintheirconnection.

Oneoftheproblemsofhistoryisthebeginningofcivilization.Theanimalsthataccompanyandservemanmakenoprogressasraces.Thosecalleddomesticarecapableoflearningofmanafewtricksofutilityoramusement,buttheycannotcommunicatetheskilltotheirrace.Eachindividualmustbetaughtanew.Thetraineddogcannottrainanotherdog.AndManhimselfinmanyfacesretainsalmosttheunteachablenessofthebeast.Forathousandyearstheislandsandforestsofagreatpartoftheworldhavebeenledwithsavageswhomadenostepsofadvanceinartorskillbeyondthenecessityofbeingfedandwarmed.Certainnationswithabetterbrainandusuallyinmoretemperateclimateshavemadesuchprogressastocomparewiththeseasthesecomparewiththebearandthewolf.

Victoryoverthingsistheofficeofman.Ofcourse,untilitisaccomplished,itisthewarandinsultofthingsoverhim.Hiscontinualtendency,hisgreatdanger,istooverlookthefactthattheworldisonlyhisteacher,andthenatureofsunandmoon,plantandanimalonlymeansofarousinghisinterioractivity.Enamoredoftheirbeauty,comfortedbytheirconvenience,heseeksthemasends,andfastlosessightofthefactthattheyhaveworsethannovalues,thattheybecomenoxious,whenhebecomestheirslave.

Thisapparatusofwantsandfaculties,thiscravingbody,whoseorgansaskalltheelementsandallthefunctionsofNaturefortheirsatisfaction,educatethewondrouscreaturewhichtheysatisfywithlight,withheat,withwater,withwood,withbread,withwool.Thenecessitiesimposedbyhismostirritableandall-relatedtexturehavetaughtManhunting,pasturage,agriculture,commerce,weaving,joining,masonry,geometry,astronomy.Hereisaworldpiercedandbeltedwithnaturallaws,andfencedandplantedwithcivilpartitionsandproperties,whichallputnewrestraintsontheyounginhabitant.Hetoomustcomeintothismagiccircleofrelations,andknowhealthandsickness,thefearofinjury,thedesireofexternalgood,thecharmofriches,thecharmofpower.Thehouseholdisaschoolofpower.There,withinthedoor,learnthetragicomedyofhumanlife.Hereisthesincerething,thewondrouscompositionforwhichdayandnightgoround.Inthatroutinearethesacredrelations,thepassionsthatbindandsever.Hereispovertyandallthewisdomitshatednecessitiescanteach,herelabordrudges,hereaffectionsglow,herethesecretsofcharacteraretold,theguardsofman,theguardsofwoman,thecompensationswhich,likeangelsofjustice,payeverydebt:theopiumofcustom,whereofalldrinkandmanygomad.HereisEconomy,andGlee,andHospitality,andCeremony,andFrankness,andCalamity,andDeath,andHope.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.Whatdoestheword“torpid”meaninparagraph3?

3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

4.Whatdoesthesentence“Victoryoverthingsistheofficeofman”mean?

5.Fromthepassage,wecanassumethattheauthorbelievesthat.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thepowerofhumancivilization.

B.Therelationshipbetweenmanandnature.

C.Manlearningthelawsofsociety.

D.Theeducationempowermentofman.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Slow.

B.Stagnant.

C.Confused.

D.Excitable.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Arangeofexperiencescanbefoundinone'sownhome.

B.Notalllifelessonsrequireateacherorclassroom.

C.Necessityisthemotherofinvention.

D.Humanendeavorissubjecttothelawsofnature.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Manisdrivenbyambitionanddesire.

B.Manbelieveshimselfsuperiortothenaturalworld.

C.Itisthedutyofmantoworktotheend.

D.Victorycanbeprecarious.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.mandoeshisbesttomeethisneeds

B.thefutureofcivilizationrestsonman'slearningaboutnaturallaws

C.manhasgreatpotentialwithinhim

D.manisresponsibleforhisowndestruction

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，第一段提出“Theuseoftheworldisthatmanmaylearnitslaws”，在接下來(lái)的段落提到了人與教育之間的關(guān)系，在最后兩段作者主要強(qiáng)調(diào)人類的教育賦權(quán)，即本文的主題，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

第2題:2.詞義判斷題。根據(jù)原文“passesoutofthetorpidintotheperceivingstate”從“torpid”的狀態(tài)進(jìn)入到感知的狀態(tài)，再根據(jù)下文“l(fā)eavesthedinoftrifles,thestuporofthesenses,toenterintothequasi-omniscienceofhighthought...”留下瑣事的喧囂，麻木的感官，進(jìn)入到類似全知的高度思維狀態(tài)······由此可推測(cè)，“torpid”的狀態(tài)和瑣事喧囂，麻木的感官是相對(duì)應(yīng)的，所以“torpid”意為遲鈍的，不活潑的，選項(xiàng)B與之意思相近。

第3題:3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Thisapparatusofwantsandfaculties…withbread,withwool.”可知，并不是所有的人生課程都需要老師或教室，大自然同樣也能教育人類。所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

第4題:4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文“Hiscontinualtendency,hisgreatdanger,istooverlookthefactthattheworldisonlyhisteacher,andthenatureofsunandmoon,plantandanimalonlymeansofarousinghisinterioractivity.”他（人類）持續(xù)的傾向以及巨大的危險(xiǎn)，是忽視了這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)：世界只是他的老師，太陽(yáng)和月亮，植物和動(dòng)物的本質(zhì)只是激發(fā)人類內(nèi)心活動(dòng)的手段。由此可推斷，人類喜歡戰(zhàn)勝一切是由于野心和欲望的驅(qū)使。

第5題:5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第三四句“Hereisaworldpiercedandbelted...thecharmofriches,thecharmofpower.”這是一個(gè)被自然法則束縛的世界，安置著民用隔墻和財(cái)產(chǎn)并用圍欄圍著，所有這些都對(duì)年輕的居民施加了新的限制。他也必須進(jìn)入這個(gè)神奇的關(guān)系圈，了解健康和疾病，對(duì)傷害的恐懼，對(duì)外在美好的渴望，以及財(cái)富和權(quán)力的魅力。也就是說(shuō)，人們應(yīng)該要學(xué)習(xí)自然法則，因?yàn)槲拿鞯奈磥?lái)取決于人類對(duì)自然規(guī)律的了解。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

7.單選題

Itbestowstheabilitytoovercomelaziness,temptationsandnegativehabits,andtocarryoutactions,eveniftheyrequireeffort,areunpleasantandtediousorcontrarytoone’shabit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.monotonous

B.interesting

C.entertaining

D.equitable

【答案】A

【解析】考查同義形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)monotonous“單調(diào)的，千篇一律的，因單調(diào)令人厭煩的”；B選項(xiàng)interesting“有趣的，有意思的”；C選項(xiàng)entertaining“令人愉快的，有趣的”；D選項(xiàng)equitable“公平的，公正的”。句意：它賦予人們克服懶惰、誘惑和消極習(xí)慣的能力，并且能夠采取行動(dòng)，即使這些行動(dòng)需要付出努力，是令人不快的、乏味的或與自己的習(xí)慣相反的。Tedious“沉悶的；冗長(zhǎng)乏味的”，A選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.案例題

PictureatypicalMBAlecturetheatretwentyyearsago.Initthemajorityofstudentswillhaveconformedtothestandardmodelofthetime:male,middleclassandWestern.Walkintoaclasstoday,however,andyou'llgetacompletelydifferentimpression.Forastart,youwillnowseeplentymorewomen-theUniversityofPennsylvania'sWhartonSchool,forexample,boaststhat40%ofitsnewenrolmentisfemale.Youwillalsoseeawiderangeofethnicgroupsandnationalsofpracticallyeverycountry.

Itmightbetempting,therefore,tothinkthattheoldbarriershavebeenbrokendownandequalopportunityachieved.But,increasingly,thisapparentdiversityisbecomingamaskforanewtypeofconformity.Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.

Diversity,itseems,hasnothelpedtoaddressfundamentalweaknessesinbusinessleadership.Sowhatcanbedonetocreatemoreeffectivemanagersofthecommercialworld?AccordingtoValerieGauthier,associatedeanatHECParis,thekeyliesintheprocessbywhichMBAprogrammesrecruittheirstudents.Atthemomentcandidatesareselectedonafairlynarrowsetofcriteriasuchasprioracademicandcareerperformance,andanalyticalandproblemsolvingabilities.Thisisthencoupledtoaschool'spictureofwhatadiverseclassshouldlooklike,withtheresultthatpassport,ethnicoriginandsexcanallbecomeinfluencingfactors.Butschoolsrarelydigdowntofindoutwhatreallymakesanapplicantsucceed,tocreateaclasswhichalsocontainsdiversityofattitudeandapproach-arguablytheonlydiversitythat,inabusinesscontext,reallymatters.

ProfessorGauthierbelievesschoolsshouldnotjustbeselectingcandidatesfromtraditionalsectorssuchasbanking,consultancyandindustry.Theyshouldalsobeseekingindividualswhohavebackgroundsinareassuchaspoliticalscience,thecreativearts,historyorphilosophy,whichwillallowthemtoputbusinessdecisionsintoawidercontext.

Indeed,theredoesseemtobeademandforthemoreroundedleaderssuchdiversitymightcreate.AstudybyMannaz,aleadershipdevelopmentcompany,suggeststhat,whilethebully-boychiefexecutiveofoldmaynothavebeeneradicatedcompletely,thereisadefiniteshiftinemphasistowardslesstoughstylesofmanagement-atleastinAmericaandEurope.Perhapsmostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels,suchasthoseprevalentinScandinavia,whichseektointegratethehardandsoftaspectsofleadershipandencouragedelegatedresponsibilityandaccountability.

1.Whatcharacterisesthebusinessschoolstudentpopulationoftoday?

A.Greaterdiversity.

B.Intellectualmaturity.

C.Exceptionaldiligence.

D.Higherambition.

2.Whatistheauthor'sconcernaboutcurrentbusinessschooleducation?

A.Itwillarousestudents'unrealisticexpectations.

B.Itwillproducebusinessleadersofauniformstyle.

C.Itfocusesontheoryratherthanonpracticalskills.

D.Itstressescompetitionratherthancooperation.

3.WhataspectofdiversitydoesValerieGauthierthinkismostimportant?

A.Ageandeducationalbackground.

B.Socialandprofessionalexperience.

C.Attitudeandapproachtobusiness.

D.Ethnicoriginandgender.

4.WhatapplicantsdoestheauthorthinkMBAprogrammesshouldconsiderrecruiting?

A.Applicantswithpriorexperienceinbusinesscompanies.

B.Applicantswithsoundknowledgeinmathandstatistics.

C.Applicantsfromoutsidethetraditionalsectors.

D.Applicantsfromlessdevelopedregionsandareas.

5.WhatdoesMannazsayaboutthecurrentmanagementstyle?

A.Itiseradicatingthetoughaspectsofmanagement.

B.Itencouragesmaleandfemaleexecutivestoworksidebyside.

C.Itadoptsthebully-boychiefexecutivemodel.

D.Itisshiftingtowardsmorecollaborativemodels.

【答案】1.A

2.B

3.C

4.C

5.D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，以前的NBA講堂是典型的男性，中產(chǎn)階級(jí)和西方人為主，而現(xiàn)在也能看到很多女性，還有來(lái)自不同國(guó)家和不同種族的人。這說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在商學(xué)院學(xué)生人口的特點(diǎn)是多樣性，選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.

根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.”選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.

根據(jù)第三段“AccordingtoValerieGblemsolvingabilities.”目前，候選人的選拔標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相當(dāng)狹窄，比如先前的學(xué)業(yè)和職業(yè)表現(xiàn)，以及分析和解決問(wèn)題的能力。說(shuō)明ValerieGauthier最看重的是社會(huì)經(jīng)歷和工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

4.

根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，商學(xué)院不應(yīng)僅僅從銀行、咨詢和工業(yè)等傳統(tǒng)行業(yè)中挑選候選人。他們還應(yīng)該尋找具有政治科學(xué)、創(chuàng)意藝術(shù)、歷史或哲學(xué)等領(lǐng)域背景的個(gè)人，這些領(lǐng)域?qū)⑹顾麄兡軌驅(qū)⑸虡I(yè)決策置于更廣泛的背景中。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段“Perhapsmostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels...”大公司對(duì)更多的合作管理模式越來(lái)越感興趣，選項(xiàng)D正確。

9.翻譯題

Mytopictodayis“TheCarandAirPollution.”Inparticular,Iwantfirstlytodiscussthewaysinwhichthecarcausesairpollution;andsecondly,howwecancontrolorreduceairpollutionfromthecar.

First,then,howdoesthecarcauseairpollution?1.Whathappensisthatthecar’sinternalcombustionengineisakindofchemicalfactoryonasmallscale.Itusesamixtureofpetrolandair,andthismixtureexplodesandburns,toproducetheenergywhichpropelsthecar.2.Butwhilethisishappening,manycomplicatedchemicalreactionsaretakingplace.Inparticular,partofthepetrol-airmixtureisnotcompletelyburnedup,andsotheexhaustgasesfromtheenginecontainsomeverydangerouschemicals,suchascarbonmonoxide,nitrogenoxides,leadandhydrocarbons.

Thisisthesituation,then,andit’sgoingtogetmuchworse,unlesswedosomethingaboutit.Solet’sfocusourattentionnowonwaysofcontrollingorreducingtheamountofairpollutioncausedbythecar.

First,wecandiscouragetheuseofcars.Forexample,wecanputhighertaxesonpetrol,andoncarsthemselves,especiallyonlargeronesthatusealotofpetrol.

3.Second,wecanencouragealternativemethodsoftransport,bothbetweenandwithinurbanareas.Forinstance,wecanmaketrainandbusservicescheaperandmoreconvenient.Andwecanbuildamasstransitsysteminlargecities,particularlyanundergroundrailwaysystem.

Next,wecanuseadifferentandcleanerfuelfortheinternalcombustionengine.

Fourth,wecanreplacetheinternalcombustionenginewithotherdesigns.Thereareseveralpossibilitiesbeingresearchedatpresent,suchaselectric,gasturbine,and“steam”enginesgasturbine,andsteamengines.However,eachofthesedesignshasitsowndisadvantages.

4.Lastbutnottheleast,wearetryingtocontroltheemissionsfromtheinternalcombustionenginemuchmorestrictly.This,forexample,isacatalytic(催化式)converter,whichconvertsthemostdangerousingredientsofthecarexhaustintowaterandharmlessgases.

AsI’msureyoucansee,thereareproblemswitheachoftheseways;butatleastthey’reastepintherightdirection.Probablythebestanswerisasynthesisofallfive.

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsnumberedfrom(1)to(4),fromEnglishintoChinese.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】（1）汽車導(dǎo)致空氣污染是因?yàn)槠噧?nèi)燃機(jī)實(shí)際上是一座小型化工廠。內(nèi)燃機(jī)所用的燃料是汽油和空氣的混合物。這種混合物燃爆后產(chǎn)生驅(qū)動(dòng)力。

（2）但是，汽油同空氣燃爆時(shí)，許多復(fù)雜的化學(xué)反應(yīng)也同時(shí)發(fā)生。特別值得注意的是，汽油和空氣混合物不能完全燃燒，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)產(chǎn)生的各種廢氣含有一些非常有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。

（3）第二，我們可以鼓勵(lì)在城市內(nèi)部和城市之間使用替代的交通工具。比如，我們可以使火車和公共汽車服務(wù)更加廉價(jià)和便利。我們可以在大城市建立公交系統(tǒng)，特別是地鐵系統(tǒng)。

（4）最后，我們正在嘗試更加嚴(yán)格地控制內(nèi)燃機(jī)釋放的氣體。比如，催化式排氣凈化器，它將汽車廢氣中最危險(xiǎn)的成分轉(zhuǎn)變成水和無(wú)害氣體。

10.寫作題

Directions:“GoWest,YoungMan”wasapopularsayingofthe19centuryintheUnitedStates,referringtoopportunitiesonthefrontier.TodayinChina,thereisalsoagreatneedforpatrioticandenergeticyoungpeopletogowestandmakecontributionstothewesternregiondevelopment.WriteontheAnswerSheetanessayofabout150wordstodiscussthesignificanceofthedevelopmentofWestChina.ThesuggestedtitleisGoWest,RevitalizeOurNation.

【答案】GoWest,RevitalizeOurNation

ThewesternregiondevelopmentisakeymovetheStateCouncilhastaken,toachievethebalanceandco-ordinatedevelopmentofeconomyinthedifferenceregionalloverChina.Itcancontributetonationalemploymentaswellaseconomicgrowthofthewesternregion.Therefore,thewesternregionisingreatneedforanarmyoftalentswhowillbededicatedtotheiryouthandblood,inparticular,earlierstageofdevelopment.

Forthewesternprogressandprosperity,youngpeopleshouldcatchthechancetobecomepioneersthereandtoachievetheirownvalueratherthanenjoygoodlivingconditionincities.Thereexistavarietyofresourcestoberequiredforexploitingandutilizing.Thereitisfullofbusinessopportunitiestodemonstrateyourabilityandmakeyourdreamcometrue.

Ifyouareafreshgraduate,ifyouaspiretodobigthings,ifyoucommityourselftorevitalizingournation,gotothewesternregionwhereitsdevelopmentcan4carryonwithoutyourknowledge,enthusiasmanddevotion.Thewestcallsforyou!Youngpeople.

11.單選題

IhadvisitedthecapitalbeforealthoughmyfriendArthurhadnot,IfirstvisitedLondonasastudent,reluctantlyreleasedfromthebosomofatearfulmum,withatravelingtrunkstuffedfullofhome-madefruitcakesandwoollyvests.Iwasill-preparedfortheSpartanstandardsoftheSouth.Througheventhegrimmestpost-wardays,askidswehadploughedourwaythroughcornercutsofbeefandsteamedpuddings.SoyoucanimaginemydismaywhenIarrived,thatfirstday,atmyLondondigstobefacedwithaplateoftuna-pastesandwichesandathinsliceofcakeleftcurlingunderatea-towel.AndthatwassupposedtobeSundaylunch!

WhenIeventuallycaughtupwithmyextremelyirritatinglandlady,ImetwithavisionofsplendormoreinkeepingwiththeRoyalEnclosureattheracesthantheareainwhichshelived.Festoonedwithjewelsandfursandplasteredwithexclusivecosmetics,shewasawalkingadvertforBondStreet.

Now,wehaveanonetooelegantbutveryaptphraseforthisintheNorthofEngland,anditwastheonemyfriendArthurtodescribeLondonafterthreedaysthere:“Allfurcoatandnothingunderneath.”

Takeourhotel.Thereceptionareawasplushandinviting,theloungeanddining-roompoorenoughtostartArthurspeaking“properly”.Butjourneyupstairsfromonelandingtothenext,attheveneersofcivilizationfellawaybeforeyoureyes.Bythetimewereachedourroom,allpretensiontorefinementandcomforthaddisappeared.Thefurcoatwasoff(backinthebandsofthehirepurchasecompany),andwhatwewerereallyexpectedtoputupwithforasmallfortuneanightwasexposedinallitsshamefulnakedness.Itwaslittlemorethanagarret,ashabbyaffairwithpatchedandpeelingwalls.TherewasastainedsinkwithpipesthatgrumbledandmutteredallnightlongandanassortmentoffurnishingsthatwouldhavedisgracedHerMajesty’sPrisonService.Butthecrowningglorywastheviewfromthewindow.Apeekbehindthehandsomefacadeofourfabledcity,rankgardenschokedwithrubbish,allthedebrisoflifepiledagainstthebackdoor.Itwasagoodjobthewindowdidn’topen,becausefromitallarosetheunmistakableodoroftheabyss.

Arthur,whosemumstillpolishesherbackstepanddisinfectsherdustbinonceaweek,slumpedontothebedinasuddenfitofdepression.“Nevermind,”Isaid,drawingthecurtains.“Youcanwatchtelly.”Thiswasoneofthehotel’sluxuries,whichinthenewspaperadhadpersuadedusweweregoingtospendtheweekinstyle.Itturnedouttobeayellowingplasticthingwithapicturewhichrolledoverandoverlikeaflounderingfishuntilyoutookyourfisttoit.ButArthurwasn’tgoingtobeconsoledbyanycheaptechnologicalgimmicks.

Hewassurehisdadhadforgottentofeedhispigeonsandthathisdogswerepiningawayforhim.Hegrewhorriblyhomesick.Afteraterriblenightspenttossingandturningtoaceaselesscacophonyofpipesandfiredoors,traffic,drunksandlow-flyingaircraft,Arthursurfacednextdaylikeaclaustrophobicmole.Londonhadgotsquarelyontopofhim.Sevenmillionpeoplehadsatonhimallnight,breathedhisair,generallyfouledhislivingspace,andcomebetweenhimandthatdailyquotaofprivacyandpeacewhichpreventsusallfromdegeneratingintomadaxemenorreservoirpoisoners.

ArthurhadtobegotoutofLondonforawhile.

1.Whenthewriterfirstcametothecapital（）.

2.ThewriterwassurprisedatwhathereceivedforSundaylunchbecause（）.

3.ThelandladyseemedtoepitomizeaphraseusedintheNorthofEngl