書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-內(nèi)蒙古機(jī)電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thevastmajorityofpeopleinanygivenculturewill（

）totheestablishedstandardsofthatculture.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confine

B.conform

C.confront

D.confirm

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。confine“限制；禁閉”；conform“符合；遵守；適應(yīng)環(huán)境（后面一般跟介詞to）”；confront“面對(duì)；遭遇；比較（為及物動(dòng)詞）”；confirm“確認(rèn)；證實(shí)；批準(zhǔn)（及物動(dòng)詞）。句意：特定文化下的絕大部分人會(huì)遵守那種文化已建立的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.單選題

Onlyaselectednumberoflandladiesintheneighborhoodhavebeenallowedbytheuniversitytotakein（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lodgers

B.residents

C.settlers

D.inhabitants

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。lodger房客；residents居民；settler移民；inhabitant居民。句意：附近只有少數(shù)被挑選的女房東被該大學(xué)允許租房給學(xué)生。A項(xiàng)符合句意，答案A。

3.單選題

Traditionally,pollination(授粉)bywindhasbeenviewedasareproductiveprocessmarkedbyrandomeventsinwhichthevagariesofthewindarecompensatedforbythegenerationofvastquantitiesofpollen,sothattheultimateproductionofnewseedsisassuredattheexpenseofproducingmuchmorepollenthanisactuallyused.Becausethepotentialhazardspollengrainsaresubjecttoastheyaretransportedoverlongdistancesareenormous,wind-pollinatedplantshave,intheviewabove,compensatedfortheensuinglossofpollenthroughhappenstancebyvirtueofproducinganamountofpollenthatisonetothreeordersofmagnitudegreaterthantheamountproducedbyspeciespollinatedbyinsects.

However,anumberoffeaturesthatarecharacteristicofwind-pollinatedplantsreducepollenwaste.Forexample,manywind-pollinatedspeciesfailtoreleasepollenwhenwindspeedsareloworwhenhumidconditionsprevail.Recentstudiessuggestanotherwayinwhichspeciescompensatefortheinefficiencyofwindpollination.Thesestudiessuggestthatspeciesfrequentlytakeadvantageofthephysicsofpollenmotionbygeneratingspecificaerodynamicenvironmentswithintheimmediatevicinityoftheirfemalereproductiveorgans.Itisthemorphologyoftheseorgansthatdictatesthepatternofairflowdisturbancesthroughwhichpollenmusttravel.Thespeedanddirectionoftheairflowdisturbancescancombinewiththephysicalpropertiesofaspecies’pollentoproduceaspecies-specificpatternofpollencollisiononthesurfacesoffemalereproductiveorgans.Providedthatthesesurfacesarestrategicallylocated,theconsequencesofthiscombinationcansignificantlyincreasethepollen-captureefficiencyofafemalereproductiveorgan.

Acriticalquestionthatremainstobeanswerediswhetherthemorphologicalattributesofthefemalereproductiveorgansofwind-pollinatedspeciesareevolutionaryadaptationstowindpollinationoraremerelyfortuitous.Acompleteresolutionofthequestionisasyetimpossiblesinceadaptationmustbeevaluatedforeachspecieswithinitsownuniquefunctionalcontext.However,itmustbesaidthat,whileevidenceofsuchevolutionaryadaptationsdoesexistinsomespecies,onemustbecarefulaboutattributingmorphologytoadaptation.Forexample,thespiralarrangementofscale-bractcomplexesonovule-bearingpinecones,wherethefemalereproductiveorgansofconifersarelocated,isimportanttotheproductionofairflowpatternsthatspiraloverthecone'ssurfaces,therebypassingairbornepollenfromonescaletothenext.However,thesepatternscannotbeviewedasanadaptationtowindpollinationbecausethespiralarrangementoccursinanumberofnon-wind-pollinatedplantlineagesandisregardedasacharacteristicofvascularplants,ofwhichconifersareonlyonekind,asawhole.Therefore,thespiralarrangementisnotlikelytobetheresultofadirectadaptationtowindpollination.

62.Theauthorofthepassageisprimarilyconcernedwithdiscussing______.

63.Accordingtothepassage,the“aerodynamicenvironments”mentionedinparagraph2,whentheyareproduced,areprimarilydeterminedbythe______.

64.Thepassagesuggeststhattherecentstudiescitedinparagraph2havenotdonewhichofthefollowing?

65.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheclaimthatthespiralarrangementofscale-bractcomplexesonanovule-bearingpineconeisanadaptationtowindpollinationwouldbemoreconvincingifwhichofthefollowingweretrue?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thecurrentdebateonwhetherthemorphologicalattributesofwind-pollinatedplantsareevolutionaryadaptations

B.thekindsofairflowpatternsthatpermitwind-pollinatedplantstocapturepollenmostefficiently

C.thewaysinwhichthereproductiveprocessesofwind-pollinatedplantsarecontrolledbyrandomevents

D.arecentlyproposedexplanationofawayinwhichwind-pollinatedplantsreducepollenwaste

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.presenceofinsectsneartheplant

B.physicalpropertiesoftheplant’spollen

C.shapeoftheplant’sfemalereproductiveorgans

D.amountofpollengeneratedbytheplant

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Madeanydistinctionsbetweendifferentspeciesofwind-pollinatedplants.

B.Demonstratedthatthemorphologicalattributesofthefemalereproductiveorgansofwind-pollinatedplantsareusuallyevolutionaryadaptationstowindpollination.

C.Indicatedthegeneralrangewithinwhichplant-generatedairflowdisturbancesareapttooccur.

D.Includedinvestigationsofthephysicsofpollenmotionanditsrelationshiptotheefficientcaptureofpollenbythefemalereproductiveorgansofwind-pollinatedplants.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Suchanarrangementoccurredonlyinwind-pollinatedplants.

B.Suchanarrangementoccurredinvascularplantsasawhole.

C.Suchanarrangementcouldbeshowntobebeneficialtopollenrelease.

D.Thenumberofbractscouldbeshowntohaveincreasedovertime.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】62.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】中心主旨題。題干意思是“這篇文章的作者主要是討論……”。文章首先提出風(fēng)媒傳粉這一個(gè)繁殖過(guò)程，隨后提出風(fēng)媒傳粉植物的一些特征減少了花粉的浪費(fèi)并對(duì)其特征做出了論述，第三段則舉例證明風(fēng)媒傳粉物種的雌性生殖器官的形態(tài)屬性是對(duì)風(fēng)媒傳粉的進(jìn)化適應(yīng)這個(gè)問題還沒有解決。通讀全文可知，作者在文章中主要討論的還是最近提出的關(guān)于風(fēng)媒傳粉能夠減少花粉浪費(fèi)這一解釋，所以D項(xiàng)“一種最近提出的關(guān)于風(fēng)媒傳粉植物減少花粉浪費(fèi)的解釋”正確。A項(xiàng)“目前關(guān)于風(fēng)媒傳粉植物的形態(tài)屬性是否是進(jìn)化適應(yīng)的爭(zhēng)論”、B項(xiàng)“氣流模式的種類允許風(fēng)媒植物捕獲花粉最有效”和C項(xiàng)“風(fēng)媒傳粉植物的繁殖過(guò)程受隨機(jī)事件控制的方式”都只是文中提及的一部分。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

63.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章，當(dāng)?shù)?段提到的‘空氣動(dòng)力環(huán)境’被生產(chǎn)時(shí)，它們主要是由______決定的”。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞可以定位到第二段第三句Thesestudiessuggestthatspeciesfrequentlytakeadvantageofthephysicsofpollenmotionbygeneratingspecificaerodynamicenvironmentswithintheimmediatevicinityoftheirfemalereproductiveorgans.（這些研究表明，物種經(jīng)常利用花粉運(yùn)動(dòng)的物理特性，在其雌性生殖器官附近產(chǎn)生特定的空氣動(dòng)力環(huán)境），結(jié)合第四句Itisthemorphologyoftheseorgansthatdictatesthepatternofairflowdisturbancesthroughwhichpollenmusttravel.（正是這些器官的形態(tài)決定了花粉必須通過(guò)的氣流擾動(dòng)的模式）可知，當(dāng)空氣動(dòng)力環(huán)境產(chǎn)生時(shí)，雌性生殖器官的形態(tài)決定了這些氣流的模式，所以C項(xiàng)“植物雌性生殖器官的形狀”正確。A項(xiàng)“植物附近有昆蟲”和D項(xiàng)“植物產(chǎn)生的花粉量”沒提到，B項(xiàng)“植物花粉的物理特性”是空氣動(dòng)力環(huán)境的產(chǎn)生因素而并不是決定因素。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

64.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“這篇文章暗示了第二段中引用的最近的研究沒有完成以下哪一項(xiàng)？”。文章第二段描述了最近的研究得到的結(jié)果，而第三段對(duì)這個(gè)研究提出了問題，第一句指出Acriticalquestionthatremainstobeanswerediswhetherthemorphologicalattributesofthefemalereproductiveorgansofwind-pollinatedspeciesareevolutionaryadaptationstowindpollinationoraremerelyfortuitous.（一個(gè)有待回答的關(guān)鍵問題是，風(fēng)媒傳粉物種的雌性生殖器官的形態(tài)屬性是對(duì)風(fēng)媒傳粉的進(jìn)化適應(yīng)還是僅僅是偶然的。），由此可以推斷，第二段中引用的最近的研究并沒有對(duì)風(fēng)媒傳粉植物雌性生殖器官的形態(tài)屬性是對(duì)風(fēng)媒傳粉的進(jìn)化適應(yīng)提供有力的證明，所以B項(xiàng)“證明風(fēng)媒傳粉植物雌性生殖器官的形態(tài)屬性通常是對(duì)風(fēng)媒傳粉的進(jìn)化適應(yīng)”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“對(duì)不同種類的風(fēng)媒傳粉植物進(jìn)行了區(qū)分”、C項(xiàng)“表示植物產(chǎn)生的氣流擾動(dòng)易于發(fā)生的一般范圍”和D項(xiàng)“包括對(duì)花粉運(yùn)動(dòng)的物理性質(zhì)及其與風(fēng)媒傳粉植物雌性生殖器官有效捕捉花粉的關(guān)系的調(diào)查”都不是這個(gè)研究存在的問題。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

65.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“從文章中可以推斷出，如果下列哪一個(gè)是正確的，那么關(guān)于含有胚珠的松球的鱗苞綜合體的螺旋狀排列是對(duì)風(fēng)授粉的適應(yīng)的這種主張將更有說(shuō)服力？”。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二句However,thesepatternscannotbeviewedasanadaptationtowindpollinationbecausethespiralarrangementoccursinanumberofnon-wind-pollinatedplantlineagesandisregardedasacharacteristicofvascularplants,ofwhichconifersareonlyonekind,asawhole.（然而，這些模式不能被看作是對(duì)風(fēng)媒傳粉的適應(yīng)，因?yàn)槁菪帕邪l(fā)生在許多非風(fēng)媒傳粉的植物譜系中，并被認(rèn)為是維管植物的特征，而針葉樹只是維管植物的一種。）可知，含有胚珠的松球的鱗苞綜合體的螺旋狀排列不能被看作是對(duì)風(fēng)媒傳粉的適應(yīng)是因?yàn)槁菪帕邪l(fā)生在許多非風(fēng)媒傳粉的植物譜系中，那么可以反推，如果螺旋排列只發(fā)生在風(fēng)媒傳粉的植物中，這些模式就能被看作是對(duì)風(fēng)媒傳粉的適應(yīng)，故A項(xiàng)“這種排列只發(fā)生在風(fēng)媒傳粉的植物中”正確。B項(xiàng)“這種排列在維管植物中作為一個(gè)整體出現(xiàn)”錯(cuò)誤，維管植物是非風(fēng)媒傳粉的植物。C項(xiàng)“這樣的排列可以被證明是有利于花粉釋放”和D項(xiàng)“苞片的數(shù)量會(huì)隨著時(shí)間的推移而增加”不符合題干，且在文中不能推斷出來(lái)。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

4.翻譯題

Scientistsaresearchingforwaystodestroynuclearweaponsinspace-tomakenuclearweaponspowerlessandnolongeruseful.Thishasbecomeknownas"StarWars".(1).SupportersoftheStarWardefensesystemhopethatthiswouldnotonlyprotectanationagainstanactualnuclearattack,butwouldbeenoughofathreattokeepanuclearwarfromeverhappening.

(2).OpponentsofStarWarsareworriedthatsuchasystemmightintroducenuclearweaponsintoouterspaceandmightnotcompletelyprotectthenationagainstattack.Somemissilesmight"leakthrough"theStarWarsdefenses.Orthecomputersthatrunthesystemmightnotworkproperly.Suchadefensesystem,theysay,mightalsobeusedtoattackothers.Anditmightnotstopthebuildupofground-basednuclearweapons.

Hopefully,anuclearwarwillneverbegin.But,insuchanevent,couldpeoplereallyprotectthemselves?SupportersofStarWarsbelievethatlaserweaponsarethekeytodefense.(3).Butcanlaserbeamsbedevelopedinsuchawaytodestroyattackingmissilesinspace?Lasersarenotnew.Theyhavebeenaroundforover25years.Theyinvolvethefollowingprocess:(4).Atomsofcertainsubstancesarestimulated,orexcited,byaburstofenergyfromoutside.Theexcitedatomsthenproducewavesoflight.Theselightwavestravelupanddownalaserrodandexcite,orstimulate,otheratoms.Whenaparticularenergylevelisreached,thelaserrodproducesastrong,narrowbeamofradiation.Mostlasersgiveoffvisiblelight,buttheycanbebuilttoproduceheatradiationorevenX-rayradiation.

Becauseoftheintensityandnarrownessoftheirbeams,laserscanbeputtothousandsofuses.Laserbeamshavebeenbouncedoffthemoon.Theycancutthroughdiamondorsteel.Theyareusedbydoctorsfordelicatesurgery-suchasrepairingdamagedeyes.Andlasersarealsousedasweapons.(5).Theycangiveartilleryanaccuracyassharpasthepointofapin.Theycanalso"blind"electronicsystemsinplanes,tanksandships.Thismeansthatthoseelectronicsystemscannolongereffectivelyfindanddestroytheirtargets.

ReadthepassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.

【答案】1.星球大戰(zhàn)防御系統(tǒng)的支持者希望這不僅能使一個(gè)國(guó)家免受真正的核攻擊,而且還足以形成一種威懾,使得核戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)發(fā)生。

2.星球大戰(zhàn)計(jì)劃的反對(duì)者則擔(dān)心此系統(tǒng)可能會(huì)將核武器引進(jìn)外太空,而且可能也不能完全保護(hù)該國(guó)家免受核武器的攻擊。

3.但是,能以這種方式把激光束發(fā)展到可以摧毀太空中的攻擊導(dǎo)彈嗎？

4.特定物質(zhì)的原子受到外界爆發(fā)的能量的刺激或激發(fā)。然后,這些被激發(fā)的原子就產(chǎn)生光波。

5.它們可以使大炮的誤差精確到大頭針針尖的大小。它們也可以使飛機(jī)、坦克和軍艦上的電子系統(tǒng)處于"失明"狀態(tài)。

5.單選題

Correctideasarenot（）inthemind,butcomefromsocialpractice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.learned

B.friendly

C.imparted

D.innate

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)learned“博學(xué)的，有學(xué)問的”；B選項(xiàng)friendly“友好的，親切的”；C選項(xiàng)imparted“給予的，授予的”；D選項(xiàng)innate“先天的，固有的”，句意：正確的思想不是頭腦中固有的，而是來(lái)源于社會(huì)實(shí)踐。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

6.翻譯題

Directions:ReadthefollowingparagraphcarefullyandtranslateitintoChinese.

1.Uponlearningofthisculturalpreference,Hallmarkreactedquickly.EventhoughChineseandJapanesedescendantsofRomeoandJulietarenowabletobuygreetingcardsintheirnativelanguage,HallmarkhasmadesurethesupplyofgreetingcardsinEnglishisplentiful.Thus,theircustomerscanachievebothadisplayoftheirhipcosmopolitanflair,whilealsosendingtheirsweetiethatall-importantmessageofloveatthesametime.

2.Englishasalinguafrancaisnothingmorethanausefultool:itisa“l(fā)anguageforcommunication”,amediumthatisgivensubstancewiththedifferentnational,regional,localandindividualculturalidentitiesitsspeakersbringtoit.Englishitselfdoesnotcarrysuchidentities,anditisnota“l(fā)anguageforidentification”.AndbecauseofthevarietyoffunctionalusesofglobalEnglish,Englishhasalsoagreatpotentialforpromotinginternationalunderstanding.Itsdifferentspeakersmustalwaysworkoutacommonbehaviouralandinterculturalbasis.

【答案】1.在了解到這一文化偏好之后，霍爾馬克公司快速做出了反應(yīng)。盡管“羅密歐與朱麗葉”的中國(guó)和日本后裔現(xiàn)在都能買到母語(yǔ)賀卡，但霍爾馬克公司同時(shí)確保了英語(yǔ)賀卡的供應(yīng)充足。這樣，他們的顧客既可以展示他們時(shí)尚的世界性眼光，同時(shí)也可以向他們的愛人傳達(dá)最重要的愛的信息。

2.作為一種通用語(yǔ)，英語(yǔ)只不過(guò)是一種有用的工具:它是一種“交流的語(yǔ)言”，是一種由其使用者賦予了不同民族、地區(qū)、地方和個(gè)人文化特色的物質(zhì)媒體。英語(yǔ)本身并沒有這種身份，它也不是一種“身份識(shí)別語(yǔ)言”。而且，由于全球英語(yǔ)功能用法的多樣性，英語(yǔ)在促進(jìn)國(guó)際理解方面也具有巨大潛力。不同的使用者必須始終制定出一個(gè)共同的行為和跨文化基礎(chǔ)。

7.單選題

Accordingtothelatestreport,consumerconfidence（）abreathtaking15pointslastmonth,toitslowestlevelin9years.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.soared

B.mutated

C.plummeted

D.fluctuated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。soared“飄升”；mutated“變化；突變”；plummeted“驟降”；fluctuated“波動(dòng)”，根據(jù)lowestlevel“最低水平”可知此處應(yīng)該填plummeted。句意：根據(jù)最近的報(bào)告，消費(fèi)者信任度上個(gè)月驚人的……15個(gè)點(diǎn)，達(dá)到九年中最低值。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。

8.單選題

Theconceptofthepatient[A]asfirstandforemostanindividualwillbereplacedbyageneric“patient”[B]whoevenmoregeneric“qualityoflife”isdeterminednotbyindividualqualitiesandrelationships[C]butbyaflowchart.Insteadofdying[D]surroundedbyfriendsandfamily,wewillbesurroundedbypaper—andlawyers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.asfirstandforemost

B.who

C.butby

D.surrounded

【答案】B

【解析】考查關(guān)系詞用法。B選項(xiàng)處who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞patient，但關(guān)系詞后又有名詞“qualityoflife”，因此關(guān)系詞應(yīng)該在從句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)的成分，應(yīng)把who改為whose。

9.單選題

Ifeelthathissubjectgainsalotfromtheattractive（

）ofthematter.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.presentation

B.preparation

C.preference

D.potential

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。presentation“展示，陳述”；preparation“預(yù)備，準(zhǔn)備”；preference“偏愛，傾向，優(yōu)先權(quán)”；potential“潛能，可能性”。

句意：我覺得他的話題從他對(duì)問題吸引人的陳述方式中獲益很多。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

10.單選題

The________thatshesuggestedfordiscussionwerebasedonthemostrecentmedicalresearch.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contributions

B.occupations

C.expostulations

D.amendments

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“contribution”，意為“貢獻(xiàn)，捐款”；B選項(xiàng)“occupation”,意為“占有權(quán)，職業(yè)”；C選項(xiàng)“expostulation”意為“勸導(dǎo)，忠告”；D選項(xiàng)“amendment”，意為“改善，修正建議”。句意：她建議討論的修正案是基于最新的醫(yī)學(xué)研究。因此，D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

Singaporehasonly226squaremilesofkind,butitstandsforemostamongthenationsofSouthEastAsiainhaving（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anannualgrowthratemaintainedofover6%

B.maintainedanannualeconomicgrowthrateofover6%

C.maintainedover6%ofannualeconomicgrowthrate

D.6%ofannualgrowthrateofeconomicsmaintained

【答案】C

【解析】考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)辨析。A選項(xiàng)anannualgrowthratemaintainedofover6%“經(jīng)濟(jì)年均增長(zhǎng)保持在6%以上”；B選項(xiàng)maintainedanannualeconomicgrowthrateofover6%“保持年均經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)6倍以上”；C選項(xiàng)maintainedover6%ofannualeconomicgrowthrate“經(jīng)濟(jì)增速保持在6%以上”；D選項(xiàng)6%ofannualgrowthrateofeconomicsmaintained“經(jīng)濟(jì)保持年均6%的增長(zhǎng)速度”。句意：新加坡只有226平方英里的土地，但它在東南亞國(guó)家中擁有重要的地位……，結(jié)合句意，可知選項(xiàng)C正確。

12.單選題

12.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Heishavingagoodtime.

B.Heisverymuchlikehisoldbicycle.

C.Hewillbuyanewbicyclerightaway.

D.Hewouldratherbuyanewbicyclelater.

【答案】D

【解析】W:Carl,yourbicycleistooold,it’snotsafetoride.

M:Yeah!IthinkIneedtobuyanewone,butallingoodtime.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

【解析】男士說(shuō)：IthinkIneedtobuyanewone,butitwillgowithtime（我考慮買新車，但這需要時(shí)間）。

13.單選題

Theboyseemedmore（）totheirpovertyafterseeinghowhisgrandparentslived.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reconciled

B.consolidated

C.deteriorated

D.attributed

【答案】A

【解析】Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

固定搭配。reconcileto甘心，接受；attributedto歸因于。consolidate和deteriorated為及物動(dòng)詞。句意：在看到祖父母的生活后，這個(gè)男孩似乎更能接受他們的貧窮了。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

14.單選題

AttemptstousesophisticatedIT-basedsystemstohelptosolvetheproblemoftenseemmerelyto________it.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aggravate

B.deviate

C.emphasize

D.simplify

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.aggravate加重，使惡化B.deviate偏離，違背

C.emphasize強(qiáng)調(diào)，著重D.simplify簡(jiǎn)化，使簡(jiǎn)易

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】本句主語(yǔ)為“試圖（Attempts）使用基于信息技術(shù)的復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)”，使用這種系統(tǒng)的目的為“來(lái)幫助解決問題（solvetheproblem）”。空格處與下文的it構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓邏輯，it指代的是“problem（問題）”，表示這種嘗試會(huì)對(duì)問題的解決造成什么結(jié)果。“merely（只是，只不過(guò)）”說(shuō)明使用復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)并不能幫助解決問題，可進(jìn)一步推斷出反而會(huì)導(dǎo)致問題加重。aggravate指使糟糕或不愉快的情況惡化，因此A選項(xiàng)aggravate“加重，使惡化”最符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)deviate“偏離，違背”指以不同于通?；蝾A(yù)期的方式做某事，題干說(shuō)的是“使問題惡化”，而不是“偏離原來(lái)的做法”；

C選項(xiàng)emphasize“強(qiáng)調(diào)，著重”指表示某事特別重要或特別引人注目，不能和“解決問題（solvetheproblem）”相對(duì)應(yīng)；

D選項(xiàng)simplify“簡(jiǎn)化，使簡(jiǎn)易”指使某事更容易做或簡(jiǎn)單易懂，與題干語(yǔ)義相矛盾，應(yīng)該是“更嚴(yán)重”而不是“更簡(jiǎn)單”。

【句意】使用基于信息技術(shù)的復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)來(lái)幫助解決問題的嘗試，往往似乎只會(huì)使問題惡化。

15.單選題

Outof（

）revenge,hedidhisworsttoblackenhercharacterandruinherreputation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sheer

B.total

C.integral

D.perfect

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。sheer意為“完全的，純粹的，十足的”；total意為“總計(jì)的”；integral意為“完整的”；perfect意為“完美的”。

句意：純粹是為了報(bào)復(fù)，他竭力抹黑她的人格，詆毀她的名譽(yù)。

16.單選題

Tomcomplainedtothebooksellerthattherewereseveralpages（

）fromthedictionary.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.losing

B.lost

C.missing

D.missed

【答案】C

【解析】句意:湯姆向書商抱怨這本字典缺了幾頁(yè)。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾楹笾枚ㄕZ(yǔ)。分析題干跟選項(xiàng)可知空格處為動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作后置定語(yǔ)修飾severalpages,表示“丟失了的”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,losing失敗的,使受損失的;lost失去的,喪失的,迷路的。這兩項(xiàng)一般不放在被修飾詞后作定語(yǔ)。Missing丟失的,下落不明的。Missed感到思念的。因此C符合句意。

17.單選題

Censorship,awordthatseemstobe（）quitecontroversyovercertainpeople,maynotbesuchabadidea.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.arguing

B.attacking

C.causing

D.discussing

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意可知這里指引發(fā)爭(zhēng)議，選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

18.單選題

Hejoinedacomputerdatingscheme（）butsofarithasn’tasuitablepatter.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.comeby

B.comeacross

C.comeupwith

D.comeroundto

【答案】B

【解析】本題考查了詞組的辨析。comeby“經(jīng)過(guò)”；comeacross“偶遇；偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)”；comeupwith“想出”；comeroundto“改變主意”，此處只有使用詞組comeacross表示“偶然”才符合句子的語(yǔ)義邏輯，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。句意為：他偶然加入了一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)日程計(jì)劃，但是到目前為止它還沒有一個(gè)合適的模式。

19.單選題

MoreattentionwaspaidtothequalityofproductioninFranceatthetimeofReneCoty.CharlesDeschanelwasthenthefinancialminister.Hestressedthatworkmanshipandqualityweremoreimportantthanquantityforindustrialproduction.Itwouldbenecessarytoproducequalitygoodsfortheinternationalmarkettocompletewiththoseproducedinothercountries.TheFrencheconomyneededalargershareoftheinternationalmarkettobalanceitsimportandexporttrade.

Frenchindustrialandagriculturalproductionwasstillinadequatetomeettheimmediateneedsofthepeople,letalonelong-rangeddevelopments.Essentialimportshadstretchedthenationalcredittothebreakingpoint.Rentsweretightlycontrolled,buttheextremeinflationaffectedgeneralpopulationmostseverelythoughthecostoffood.Foodcoststookasmuchas80percentofworkersincome.Wages,itistrue,hadrisenandtherewasfull-timeandovertimeemployment.Takentogether,thesefactorsenabledtheworkingclasstoexistbutallowedthemnosenseofsecurity.Inthisprecariousanddiscouragingsituation,workmenwerewillingtoworkoverseasforhigherwages.

Thegovernmentwasreluctanttoletworkersleavethecountry.Itwasfearedthismigrationofworkerswoulddepletethelaborforce.Thelackofqualifiedworkersmighthindertheimprovementinthequalityofindustrialproductsproduced.Qualifiedworkersproducedinforeigncountries.AlsothequantityofqualitygoodsproducedinFrancewouldnotbeabletoincreaseaspartofitsqualifiedlaborforcemovedtoothercountries.

1.Accordingtothepassage,theFrenchworkerswere（）.

2.ReneCotyandCharlesDeschanelwerebothinterestedin（）.

3.TheFrenchgovernmentwasreluctanttolettheworkersleavethecountrybecause（）.

4.RentsinFrance（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,theFrenchgovernment（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.betterpaidthantheworkersinanyotherEuropeancountries.

B.abletosavemoremoneywiththeincreaseintheirwages.

C.anxioustoworkabroad.

D.oftenunabletofindworkinFrance.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.betterqualityinproduction

B.increasingquantityinproduction

C.havingthegovernmentraisetariffsonforeignimports

D.eliminatingunionsinFrance

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.itwouldenlargetheworkingforce

B.itwouldhindertheimprovementofqualityinindustrialproduction

C.itwouldhindertheincreaseinquantityofexports

D.itwoulddamagetheimports

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.wereextremelyhigh

B.wereextremelycontrolled

C.tookasmuchas80percentoftheworkers’income

D.haddoubledintwoyears

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.prohibitedFrenchtoworkabroad

B.reducedtaxestofightinflation

C.paidfamilyallowancesandbenefits

D.prohibitedtheFrenchworkerstojoinlaborunions

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的第二段：Inthisprecariousanddiscouragingsituation,workmenwerewillingtoworkoverseasforhigherwages.可知：在這種不穩(wěn)定和令人沮喪的情況下，法國(guó)工人想出國(guó)工作以獲得高薪。因此，C項(xiàng)anxioustoworkabroad“渴望出國(guó)工作”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段MoreattentionwaspaidtomequalityofproductioninFranceatthetimeofReneCoty.CharlesDeschanelwasthenthefinancialminister.Hestressedthatworkmanshipandqualityweremoreimportantthanquantityforindustrialproduction.可知：ReneCoty在位期間，法國(guó)很關(guān)注產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，而時(shí)任財(cái)政部長(zhǎng)的CharlesDeschanel更是堅(jiān)持產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量比數(shù)量更為重要。因此，A項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段Thelackofqualifiedworkersmighthindertheimprovementinthequalityofindustrialproductsproduced.可知：如果工人們?nèi)?guó)外打工，可能會(huì)影響本國(guó)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的提升。所以，政府不希望工人們離開法國(guó)去國(guó)外工作。因此，B項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段中部Rentsweretightlycontrolled可知：租金被嚴(yán)格地控制著。因此，B項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。由文章第三段Thegovernmentwasreluctanttoletworkersleavethecountry.Itwasfearedthisimmigrationofworkerswoulddepletethelaborforce.可知：政府擔(dān)心移民會(huì)削弱本國(guó)勞動(dòng)力，所以不愿意讓工人離開法國(guó)，出國(guó)工作。因此，正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

20.單選題

Tescoispreparingalegalbattletoclearitsnameofinvolvementinthedairyprice-fixingscandalthathascostconsumers￡270million.Failuretoprovethatithadnopartincollusionwithothersupermarketsanddairyprocessorsmaylanditwithafineofatleast￡80million.TheOfficeofFairTrading(OFT)saidyesterdaythatAsda,Sainsbury’sandtheformerSafeway,plusthedairycompaniesWiseman,DairyCrestandCheeseCompany,hadadmittedbeinginacarteltofixpricesformilk,butterandcheese.Theywerefinedatotalofjustover￡116millionaspartofaleniencydealofferedbythewatchdogtocompaniesthatownedupquicklytoanti-competitivebehavior.

OfficialsattheOFTadmittedprivatelythattheydidnotthinktheywouldeverdiscoverwhichcompanyorindividualhadinitiatedthepricingformulA.Butthewatchdogrecognizesthatatthetimesupermarketswereunderpressurefrompoliticiansandfarmerstoraisethecostofmilktosavedairyfarming,thoughitisnotcertainthatmoneyfounditswaytofarmers.TheOFTclaimedinSeptemberthatithadfoundevidencethattheretailchainshadpassedfuturemilkpricestodairycompanies,whichthenreachedafixedpriceamongthemselves.

Theaveragecosttoeachhouseholdisthoughttobe￡11.25over2002and2003.Priceswentupanextra3ponapintofmilk,15ponaquarterofapoundofbutterand15ponahalf-poundofcheese.Thereisnodirectrecompenseforconsumers,however,andthemoneywillgototheTreasury.TheNationalConsumerCouncilgavewarningthattheadmissionswoulddentconsumerconfidenceinleadinghighstreetnamesandthatpeoplewouldbecomeskepticaloftheirclaims.FarmersforAction,thegroupoffarmersthathasledprotestsoverlowmilkpricessince2000,isseekinglegaladviceonwhetheritcannowbringaclaimforcompensation.

TheOFTinvestigationiscontinuing,however,inrelationtoTesco,MorrisonandthedairygroupLactalisMcLelland,andanylegalactionisexpectedtobedelayeduntilthatiscompleted.

Tescowasdefiantandsaidthatitwaspreparingarobustdefenseofitsactions.LucyNeville-Rolfe,itsexecutivedirector,said:“Aswehavealwayssaid,weactedindependentlyandwedidnotcolludewithanyone.Ourpositionisdifferentfromourcompetitorsandwearedefendingourowncasevigorously.Ourphilosophyistogiveagooddealtocustomers.”

MorrisonhassupportedtheOFTininquiriesintotheformerSafewaybusinessthatittookover,butinastatementsaidthatitwasstillmaking“strongrepresentations”initsdefense.AspokeswomanforLactalisMcLellandsaidthatthecompanywas“co-operating”withtheOFT.IndustryinsiderssuggestedthatthethreecompaniesweredeliberatelystallingtheOFTinvestigation,

Sainsbury’sadmittedyesterdaythatithadagreedtopay￡26millioninfines,butdeniedthatithadsoughttoprofiteer.JustinKing,thechiefexecutive,saidhewasdisappointedthatthecompanyhadbeenpenalizedforactionsmeanttohelpfarmersbutrecognizedthebenefitofaspeedysettlement.Asdadeclinedtosayhowmuchitwouldpayinfinesandalsosaidthatitsintentionhadbeentohelpfarmersunderseverefinancialpressure.

1.Fromthefirstparagraph,wemayinferthat______.

2.Whoismostprobablytheinitiatorofthepricingformula?

3.Theword“defiant”inPara.5mostprobablymeans______.

4.WemayinferfromMorrison’sstatementthat______.

5.Thewriter’sattitudetoTescocanbesaidtobe______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Tescoisthemostresoluteamongalltheretailerstodefenditsreputation

B.itisalreadyprovedthatTescohascolludedwithAsda,Wiseman,DairyCrestandCheeseCompanyinfixingthedairyprice

C.Tescoistryingitsbesttoproveitsinnocenceofthescandal

D.Tescoisofferedaleniencydealof￡80millionbecauseofitsquickresponsetotheanti-competitivebehaviors

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Retailchains

B.Farmers

C.Dairycompanies

D.Politicians

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.confident

B.angry

C.deficient

D.challenging

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.MorrisonturnouttobethemostdefensivewhendealingwithOFT

B.MorrisonisreluctanttosupporttheinquiriesintotheformerSafewaybusiness

C.industryinsiderssuggestthatMorrisonwastryingtodelaytheOFTinvestigationwithnon-cooperation

D.Morrisonindeedrefusestoadmititsinvolvementinthescandal

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.objective

B.biased

C.sympathetic

D.optimistic

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段。A選項(xiàng)“特易購(gòu)是所有零售商中最堅(jiān)決捍衛(wèi)自己聲譽(yù)的。”推測(cè)其他的零售商勾結(jié)，并沒有體現(xiàn)出捍衛(wèi)自身的聲譽(yù)，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“事實(shí)已經(jīng)證明，特易購(gòu)與阿斯達(dá)、懷斯曼、乳品佳潔士和奶酪公司串通操縱乳品價(jià)格。”理解錯(cuò)誤，特易購(gòu)要證明自己并沒有與其他零售商勾結(jié)。C選項(xiàng)“特易購(gòu)正盡力證明自己在丑聞中的清白。”由題干定位到第一句“Tescoispreparingalegalbattletoclearitsnameofinvolvementinthedairyprice-fixingscandalthathascostconsumers￡270million”中文翻譯：特易購(gòu)正準(zhǔn)備打一場(chǎng)法律戰(zhàn)，以澄清自己卷入這起導(dǎo)致消費(fèi)者損失2.7億英鎊的奶制品價(jià)格操縱丑聞的名聲。符合題意，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。D選項(xiàng)“由于特易購(gòu)對(duì)反競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為的快速反應(yīng)，特易購(gòu)獲得了8000萬(wàn)英鎊的寬大處理。”理解錯(cuò)誤，如果Tesco不能證明自己的清白，將面臨8000萬(wàn)英鎊的罰款。D選項(xiàng)可排除。綜上所述，C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干，A選項(xiàng)“Retailchains”（零售連鎖店），文中所說(shuō)的零售商只是將奶制品的價(jià)格提供給公司，不符合題意，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“Famers”（農(nóng)民），文中所說(shuō)的不確定農(nóng)民是否得到了錢。C選項(xiàng)“Dairycompanies”（乳制品公司），文中所說(shuō)乳制品公司操縱了的價(jià)格，符合題意，C選項(xiàng)正確。D選項(xiàng)“Politicians”（政治家），文中所說(shuō)，財(cái)政部獲得了補(bǔ)償，因此，也可排除。綜上所述，C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.詞義辨析題。由題干可以定位到文章第五段第一句“Tescowasdefiantandsaidthatitwaspreparingarobustdefenseofitsactions”，中文翻譯為：特易購(gòu)對(duì)此不以為然，并表示正準(zhǔn)備為自己的行為進(jìn)行強(qiáng)有力的辯護(hù)。A選項(xiàng)“自信的”，特易購(gòu)正準(zhǔn)備為自己的行為進(jìn)行辯護(hù)，可推測(cè)他對(duì)行為很自信。A選項(xiàng)最符合詞義。B選項(xiàng)“生氣的”，文中沒有體現(xiàn)特易購(gòu)生氣，可排除。C選項(xiàng)“不足的，有缺陷的”，不符合題意，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“挑戰(zhàn)性的”，不符合題意，可排除。綜上所述，A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第六段MorrisonhassupportedtheOFTininquiriesintotheformerSafewaybusinessthatittookover,butinastatementsaidthatitwasstillmaking“strongrepresentations”initsdefense.AspokeswomanforLactalisMcLellandsaidthat

thecompanywas“co-operating”withtheOFT.IndustryinsiderssuggestedthatthethreecompaniesweredeliberatelystallingtheOFTinvestigation.中文翻譯為：莫里森支持OFT對(duì)其接管的前Safeway業(yè)務(wù)的調(diào)查，但在一份聲明中表示，莫里森仍在為OFT進(jìn)行“強(qiáng)有力的辯護(hù)”。LactalisMcLelland的發(fā)言人表示，該公司正在與OFT“合作”。業(yè)內(nèi)人士暗示，這三家公司是在故意拖延OFT的調(diào)查。判斷出C選項(xiàng)“業(yè)內(nèi)人士暗示，莫里森是在試圖以不合作的方式拖延OFT的調(diào)查”正確。A選項(xiàng)“在處理OFT時(shí)，莫里森是最具防御性的”，這里并沒有體現(xiàn)莫里森具有防御性，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“莫里森不愿支持對(duì)前西夫韋公司的調(diào)查”，文中所說(shuō)，莫里森支持對(duì)前Safeway公司的調(diào)查，因此，B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“莫里森公司確實(shí)拒絕承認(rèn)與丑聞?dòng)嘘P(guān)”，文中并沒有提及，可