書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

CordiaHarringtonwastiredofstandingupalldayandsmellinglikeFrenchfriesatnight.SheownedandoperatedthreeMcDonald’sshopsinIllinois,butasadivorcedmotherofthreeboys,sheyearnedforabusinessthatwouldprovideforherchildrenandletherspendmoretimewiththem.

Herluckymomentcame,strangelyenough,aftershewasnominatedin1992tobeontheMcDonald'sbuncommittee.“Thecompanypickedmeupinacorporatejettoseebakeriesaroundtheworld.”Sherecalls.“EverytimeIwenttoameeting,Ilovedit.Thiswasglobal!”

Theexperienceopenedhereyestobusinesspossibilities.WhenMcDonald’sdecideditwantedanewbunsupplier,Harringtonbecamedeterminedtowinthecontract,eventhoughshehadnoexperiencerunningabakery.

Harringtonstudiedthebakerybusinessandmadesureshewasneveroffexecutives’radar.“Ifyouhaveadream,youcan’twaitforpeopletocallyou,”shesays.“SoI’dvisitamillandsendthemphotosofmyself,inabaker’shatandjacket,holdingasignthatsays“Iwanttobeyourbaker.”Afterfouryearsand32interviews,herpersistencepaidoff.

Harringtonsealedthedealwithahandshake,soldhershopsandborrowed$13.5million.Shewasreadytobuildthefaster,mostautomatedbakeryintheworld.

TheTennesseeBunCompanyopenedaheadofschedulein1997intimeforaslumpinUSfast-foodsalesforMcDonald’s.BeforeHarringtonknewit,shewasdowntoherlast$20,000,notenoughtocoverpayroll.AndheragreementwithMcDonald’srequiredthatshesellexclusivelytothecompany.“Icriedmyselftosleepmanynights,”sherecalls.“IreallydidthinkIamgoingtogobankrupt”.

ButHarringtonworkedoutanagreementtosupplyPepperideFarmaswell.“McDonald’scouldseebenefitifourproductionwentupandpriceswentdownandnobenefitifwewentoutofbusiness,”shesays.“Thatdealsavedus.”

Overthenexteightyears,Haringtonbranchedoutevenmore:Shestartedherowntruckingbusiness,addedacold-storagecompany,andnowhasthreebakeriesproducingfreshbunsandfrozendough—allnowknownastheBuncompanies.Speedisstillapriority:Ittakes11peopleatthemainbakerytomakeout60,000bunsanhourforclientsacross40states,SouthAmerica,andtheCaribbean.

Gratefulforthebreaksshe’shad,Harringtonispassionateaboutprovidingopportunitiestoall230employees.“Financialsuccessisthemostfunwhenyoucangiveitaway,”shesays.

Thecurrenteconomyischallenging.Someofherclients’saleshavedeclined,butshe’sfoundnewclientsandimprovedefficienciestohelpsustaintheeconomy’sdouble-digitgrowth.

CordiaHarringtondoesn’thavetostandonherfeetalldayanymore.Twoofherthreesonsnowworkforher.Andshe'smarriedherhusband,Tom,isnowherCFO.

"Thisismorethanajob,”saysHarrington.“It'samission.I'malwaysthinking.Howcanwebestserveouremployees?Ifwesupportthem,they’lldotheirbesttolookafterourclients.That’showitworkshere.”

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasmostsignificantinHarrington’searlycareer?

2.“Harringtonmadesureshewasneveroffexecutives‘radar’"(ParagraphFour)meansthatshe（）.

3.Howdidshesurvivethecrisisofthebakerybusiness?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTindescribinghercurrentbusiness?

5.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisfundamentaltoHarrington’ssuccess?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hertravelandthevisitstobakeriesaroundtheworld.

B.HernominationontheMcDonald’sbuncommittee.

C.Abusinesscontractwithlocalbunsuppliers.

D.Theinterviewsandexperienceinrunningabakery.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.herselfwantedtobeacompanyexecutive

B.meanttohireexecutivestorunthebusiness

C.meanttokeephermanagementknowledgeandskills

D.focusedonthemanagementofthebakerybusiness

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Byopeningherbuncompanyaheadofschedule.

B.Bysupplyingbunsforanothercompany.

C.BykeepingsuppliesupforMcDonald.

D.BymakinganewagreementwithMcDonald.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itisfastgrowing.

B.Itisdiversified.

C.Itsclientsarealllocal.

D.Itismoreefficient.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Perseveranceandconcernforemployees.

B.Businessexpansionandfamilysupport.

C.Efficiencyandloveforthefamily.

D.Opportunitiesandspeed.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段的首句“Theexperienceopenedhereyestobusinesspossibilities.這次經(jīng)歷使她看到了商機(jī)”，也就是說(shuō)，在哈林頓的早期職業(yè)生涯中最重要的是這次經(jīng)歷。再根據(jù)上一段的內(nèi)容可知，這次經(jīng)歷是在她被任命為麥當(dāng)勞的面包委員會(huì)委員后，公司派專機(jī)接她去看世界各地的面包房。所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。本題容易錯(cuò)選B，但被任命后如果沒有那些經(jīng)歷，也不能對(duì)她的職業(yè)產(chǎn)生影響，所以重要的還是“experience”。

第2題:2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文句意“哈林頓學(xué)習(xí)了怎樣經(jīng)營(yíng)面包店，并且確保自己從來(lái)沒有離開過(guò)管理層的視線”，由此可知，她這樣做是為了保持她的管理知識(shí)和技能，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。選項(xiàng)A“她自己想成為一名公司主管”不正確，因?yàn)樗窍胱约航?jīng)營(yíng)一家公司而不是成為主管；選項(xiàng)B“打算雇傭管理人員來(lái)經(jīng)營(yíng)企業(yè)”不正確，這時(shí)候她自己還沒有開公司，所以談不上雇傭；選項(xiàng)D“專注于面包房業(yè)務(wù)的管理”也不正確，因?yàn)樯弦欢翁岬剿龥]有經(jīng)營(yíng)面包店的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，所以她學(xué)習(xí)的是如何經(jīng)營(yíng)面包店，而不是業(yè)務(wù)管理。只有選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

第3題:3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第七段的最后一句話“那筆交易救了我們”，這里的交易指的是本段首句提到的“達(dá)成協(xié)議為Pepperide農(nóng)場(chǎng)供應(yīng)面包”。所以選項(xiàng)B“向另一家公司供應(yīng)面包”正確。

第4題:4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第八段的最后一句“Ittakes11peopleatthemainbakerytomakeout60,000bunsanhourforclientsacross40states,SouthAmerica,andtheCaribbean.面包店的11個(gè)人每小時(shí)要為來(lái)自40個(gè)州、南美洲和加勒比海地區(qū)的客戶制作6萬(wàn)個(gè)面包。”由此可知，她的客戶不僅僅是當(dāng)?shù)氐?，所以選項(xiàng)C不正確。

第5題:5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“‘這不僅僅是一份工作，’哈林頓說(shuō)?！@是一個(gè)任務(wù)。我總是思考。我們?cè)鯓硬拍芨玫貫閱T工服務(wù)？如果我們支持他們，他們就會(huì)盡力照顧我們的客戶。這就是這里的運(yùn)作方式?！庇纱丝芍P(guān)心員工是哈林頓成功的根本原因之一。除此之外，還有原文前面所提及的她自己付出的努力，以及自己堅(jiān)持不懈的精神是她事業(yè)成功的另一個(gè)根本原因。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.單選題

Acensor’sdutyistoensurethatnocontentis（）inpublicationorfilms.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.evil

B.obscure

C.obscene

D.opaque

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)evil“惡毒的;邪惡的”；B選項(xiàng)obscure“無(wú)名的;鮮為人知的”；C選項(xiàng)obscene“淫穢的;猥褻的”；D選項(xiàng)opaque“不透明的;不透光的”。句意：審查員的職責(zé)是確保出版物或電影中沒有淫穢內(nèi)容。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“審查員的職責(zé)”可知C符合句意。

3.單選題

Rosaisquietandintroverted(內(nèi)向的),andsheobjectsto______herlivingroomwithdozensofpeopleintheapartment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.share

B.sharing

C.havingshared

D.haveshared

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：羅莎安靜內(nèi)向，她不喜歡和公寓里的幾十個(gè)人一起住在自己的客廳里。objecttodoingsth.是固定搭配，表示“反對(duì)做某事”，排除A,D。C選項(xiàng)havingshared是完成時(shí)，和題干句子時(shí)態(tài)不符，排除C。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Thereseemsnevertohavebeenacivilizationwithouttoys,butwhenandhowtheydevelopedisunknown.Theyprobablycameaboutjusttogivechildrensomethingtodo.

Intheancientworld,asistoday,mostboysplayedwithsomekindsoftoysandmostgirlswithanother.Insocietieswheresocialrolesarerigidlydetermined,boyspatterntheirplayaftertheactivitiesoftheirfathersandgirlsafterthetasksoftheirmothers.Thisistruebecauseboysandgirlsarebeingprepared,eveninplay,tostepintotherolesandresponsibilitiesoftheadultworld.

Whatisremarkableaboutthehistoryoftoysisnotsomuchhowtheychangedoverthecenturiesbuthowmuchtheyhaveremainedthesame.Thechangeshavebeenmostlyintermsofcraftsmanship,mechanics,andtechnology.Itistheuniversalityoftoyswithregardtotheirdevelopmentinallpartsoftheworldandtheirpersistencetothepresentthatisamazing.InEgypt,theAmericas,China,JapanandamongtheArcticpeoples,generallythesamekindsoftoysappeared.Variationsdependedonlocalcustomsandwaysoflifebecausetoysimitatetheirsurroundings.Nearlyeverycivilizationhaddolls,littleweapons,toysoldiers,tinyanimalsandvehicles.

Becausetoyscanbegenerallyregardedasakindofartform,theyhavenotbeensubjecttotechnologicalleapsthatcharacterizeinventionsforadultuse.Theprogressfromthewheeltotheoxcarttotheautomobileisadirectlineofascent.Theprogressfromarattle（拔浪鼓）usedbyababyin3,000BCtooneusedbyaninfanttoday,however,isnotcharacterizedbyinventiveness.Eachrattleistheproductoftheartistictastesofthetimesandsubjecttothelimitationsofavailablematerials.

1.Thereasonwhythetoysmostboysplaywitharedifferentfromthosethatgirlsplaywithisthat

（

）.

2.Oneaspectof“theuniversalityoftoys”liesinthefactthat（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingistheauthor’sviewonthehistoricaldevelopmentoftoys?

4.Regardedasakindofartform,toys

（

）.

5.Theauthorusestheexampleofarattletoshowthat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theirsocialrolesarerigidlydetermined

B.mostboyswouldliketofollowtheirfathers’professions

C.boysliketoplaywiththeirfatherswhilegirlswiththeirmothers

D.theylikechallengingactivities

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.technologicaladvanceshavegreatlyimprovedthedurabilityoftoys

B.theimprovementofcraftsmanshipinmakingtoysdependsontheeffortsofuniversities

C.theexplorationoftheuniversehasledtothecreationofnewkindsoftoys

D.thebasiccharacteristicsoftoysarethesametheworldover

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thecraftsmanshipintoy-makinghasremainedessentiallyunchanged.

B.Toyshaveremainedbasicallythesameallthroughthecenturies.

C.Thetoyindustryhaswitnessedgreatleapsintechnologyinrecentyears.

D.Toysareplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinshapingachild’scharacter.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.followadirectlineofascent

B.alsoappealgreatlytoadults

C.arenotcharacterizedbytechnologicalprogress

D.reflectthepaceofsocialprogress

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.intoy-makingthereisacontinuityintheuseofmaterials

B.eventhesimplesttoyscanreflecttheprogressoftechnology

C.itoftentakesalongtimetointroducenewtechnologyintotoy-making

D.evenasimpletoycanmirrortheartistictastesofthetime

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Insocietieswheresocialrolesarerigidlydetermined”在社會(huì)角色被嚴(yán)格定位的社會(huì)里，可知男孩和女孩玩得玩具不同，在于他們的社會(huì)角色被嚴(yán)格區(qū)分，因此選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Itistheuniversalityoftoyswithregardtotheirdevelopmentinallpartsoftheworldandtheirpersistencetothepresentthatisamazing....Nearlyeverycivilizationhaddolls,littleweapons,toysoldiers,tinyanimalsandvehicles.”玩具在世界各地的發(fā)展和他們對(duì)現(xiàn)在的持久性的普遍性是驚人的?！瓗缀趺總€(gè)文明都有娃娃，小武器玩具兵，小動(dòng)物和車輛?？芍婢叩幕咎匦允窍嗤模虼诉xD。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句“Whatisremarkableaboutthehistoryoftoysisnotsomuchhowtheychangedoverthecenturiesbuthowmuchtheyhaveremainedthesame.”玩具歷史引人注目的不在于它們?cè)趲讉€(gè)世紀(jì)中發(fā)生了怎樣的變化，而在于它們?cè)诙啻蟪潭壬媳３植蛔??？芍狟選項(xiàng)“幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，玩具基本上保持不變”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Becausetoyscanbegenerallyregardedasakindofartform,theyhavenotbeensubjecttotechnologicalleapsthatcharacterizeinventionsforadultuse.”由于玩具通?？梢员灰暈橐环N藝術(shù)形式，因此它們沒有受到技術(shù)飛躍的影響，而這些技術(shù)是成人發(fā)明的特征?？芍婢卟皇芗夹g(shù)進(jìn)步影響，不以技術(shù)進(jìn)步為特征，因此選C。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Eachrattleistheproductoftheartistictastesofthetimesandsubjecttothelimitationsofavailablematerials.”每一個(gè)撥浪鼓都是時(shí)代藝術(shù)品味的產(chǎn)物，但受現(xiàn)有材料的限制?？芍髡呤褂脫芾斯牡睦邮菫榱苏f(shuō)明即使是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的玩具也能夠反應(yīng)所處時(shí)代的品味，因此選D。

5.翻譯題

46.當(dāng)有人對(duì)我說(shuō)，他們喜愛動(dòng)物是因?yàn)閯?dòng)物有感情，然后又虐待動(dòng)物，我就對(duì)他們說(shuō)，幸虧他們不喜歡我。(4points)

47.貧困國(guó)家轉(zhuǎn)變富裕國(guó)家靠的是投資開發(fā)自然資源，并借助教育和技術(shù)的轉(zhuǎn)移項(xiàng)目提高人力資源和技術(shù)資源。(5points)

48.有一些人，他們之所以關(guān)心經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，或是因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)是發(fā)展中國(guó)家人民需要實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，或是因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為只有經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)率達(dá)到令人滿意的程度才能保證政治穩(wěn)定。(5points)

49.失去理想是人們可能會(huì)犯的一個(gè)重大錯(cuò)誤，這就是為什么我們應(yīng)該奮力向前并且相信我們自己，無(wú)論選定的目標(biāo)看起來(lái)多么遙不可及，我們都應(yīng)爭(zhēng)取實(shí)現(xiàn)。(6points)

【答案】46.Whenpeopletellmethattheyloveanimalsbecauseanimalshavefeelings,buttorturethem,Itellthemit’sagoodthingtheydon’tlikeme.

47.Thetransitionfrompoortorichcountriesisachievedbyinvestmentinthedevelopmentofnaturalresourcesandthepromotionhumanandtechnologicalresourcesthrougheducationandtechnologytransferprojects.

48.Therearethosewhoareconcernedabouteconomicdevelopment,eitherbecausetheybelievethateconomicdevelopmentisagoalthatpeopleindevelopingcountriesneedtoachieve,orbecausetheybelievethatpoliticalstabilitycanbeensuredonlyiftheeconomicgrowthratereachesasatisfactorylevel.

49.Losingouridealsisabigmistakepeoplecanmake,whichiswhyweshouldpushforwardandbelieveinourselves.Nomatterhowreachlessthechosengoalmayseem,weshouldstrivetoachieveit.

6.單選題

Churchill’sinspiringspeecheshelped______hiscountrymentofightagainsttheenemy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rally

B.ally

C.resemble

D.ramble

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.rally召集；集合B.ally與……結(jié)盟

C.resemble看起來(lái)像；顯得像D.ramble漫步；漫談

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息tofightagainsttheenemy（與敵人作戰(zhàn)）可知，______hiscountrymen是指“召集他的國(guó)民”，該題選擇A項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】丘吉爾鼓舞人心的演說(shuō)幫助他的國(guó)民團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)與敵人作戰(zhàn)。

7.單選題

Cosmicraysofvariouskindscomethroughtheairfromouterspace,butenormousquantitiesofradiationfromthesunare（

）off.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.avoided

B.excluded

C.screened

D.separated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。avoid“避免，避開”；exclude“排除，不包括”；screen“篩，拍攝，放映”；separate“分開，隔開”。句意：不同種類的宇宙線從外太空穿透空氣，但是大量的太陽(yáng)輻射都被阻擋了。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.單選題

Iwasalwaystaughtthatitwas（

）tointerrupt.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rude

B.coarse

C.rough

D.crude

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)rude“粗魯?shù)模瑹o(wú)禮的”；B選項(xiàng)coarse“粗糙的，粗俗的”；C選項(xiàng)rough“粗野的，粗略的”；D選項(xiàng)crude“天然的，未加工的”。句意：我總是被教導(dǎo)打斷別人說(shuō)話是粗魯?shù)?。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

9.單選題

To（

）importantdatesinhistory,countriescreatespecialholidays.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.commend

B.memorize

C.propagate

D.commemorate

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)commend“表?yè)P(yáng)，推薦”；B選項(xiàng)memorize“記憶，記住”；C選項(xiàng)propagate“傳播，繁殖”；D選項(xiàng)commemorate“紀(jì)念，慶?！薄８鶕?jù)importantdates（重要日期）可知D選項(xiàng)最符合邏輯。句意：為了紀(jì)念歷史上的重要日期，國(guó)家會(huì)設(shè)立特別假日。

10.單選題

Notuntilthe1850s（

）inNewYorkseektorescuehistoricbuildingsfromdevastationoralteration.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.someconcernedcitizens

B.didsomeconcernedcitizens

C.somecitizensconcerned

D.whensomeconcernedcitizensdid

【答案】B

【解析】考查部分倒裝。句意：直到19世紀(jì)50年代，在紐約，一些憂心忡忡的市民開始尋求使歷史文物免遭毀壞或改變的方法。當(dāng)notuntil位于句首時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝，將助動(dòng)詞放到主語(yǔ)前。

11.單選題

Packedlikesardinesintosweaty,claustrophobicsubwaycarriages,passengerscanbarelybreathe,________moveaboutfreely.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.aswellas

B.disregardfor

C.letalone

D.notmentioning

【答案】C

【解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。aswellas“也”；disregardfor“忽視”；letalone“更不必說(shuō)，聽任”；notmentioning“沒有提及”。句意：乘客們像沙丁魚一樣擠在充滿汗臭、幽閉恐怖的地鐵車廂里，幾乎無(wú)法呼吸，更無(wú)法自由活動(dòng)。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.單選題

Crimesbychildrenhavebeenrisingatafasterratethanthejuvenilepopulation.Abouthalfofsuchcrimesinvolvethetraditionaloffensesofthetheft,breakingandentering,andvandalism,butserious,violentcrimesaregoingupatastartlingrate.Therateofarmedrobbery,rape,andmurderbyjuvenileshaddoubledinadecade.Ifalltheneedsoftheadolescentcouldbemetadequatelyandwithoutdelay,withoutviolatinglaws,therewouldbenopointinviolation,andaminimumofinternal,indirect,anddirectcontrolwouldsufficetosecureconformity.Theobjectionmaybemadethatmanyviolationsarecommittedfortheexcitementoftheviolationitself.However,otherpossibilitiesforexcitementexistbesidesviolatinglawsandregulations.

Nocompleteandgenerallysatisfactorylistofneeds,eitherofchildrenoradults,hasbeencompiled.Theredoesseemtobeessentialconsensusontheneedsforaffection,andsecurity.Althoughthesecategoriesdonotexhausttheneedsofchildren,theyare,atleast,abeginning.

Onlysomeofthechild’sneeds,particularlythoseoftheadolescent,canbesatisfiedwithinthefamily.Thefamilydoes,however,alsogreatlyaffectthechancestheadolescentwillhaveinsatisfyinghisneedsintheschool,inhispeergroup,andlater,inhisoccupation.Ifheisabletosatisfyhisneedsreasonablywelloutsidethehome,insociallyapprovedways,thereislesspressuretoachievethemthroughdelinquentbehavior.

Astherearelimitationsuponwhatcanbeachievedbyindirectanddirectcontrol,soalsoaretherelimitationsastoneedsatisfactions.Adolescentshavewantsthatmustbedeferred,atleast,suchasforforeignsportcars,sexualsatisfactions,andadultincomeandstatus.Likewise,noteveryonecanbethecaptainofthefootballteam,thecampusqueenorthewinnerofscholarshiphonors.Atpresent,thereisnowaythatadolescentscanalwaysbemadetofeellovedandsecuredandnoassurancethattherewillalwaysbesomethinginterestingtodo.Ontheothersideoftheledger,thereisalwayssomeworktobedonetoobtain,inalegitimatemanner,whateverrecognitionandprivilegesarepossible.

Eventhoughcompleteandimmediatesatisfactionofneedsisnotordinarilypossible,familiescangofartowardthelegitimatesatisfactionofneedswithinthefamily,andtheycanprepareandlaunchtheadolescentinhisinteractionwithschool,peergroup,andoccupation,otherwisetheycanfailalmosttotallyinhelpingtomeetneedsinandoutsidethefamilythroughacceptablebehavior.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,juvenilescommitviolationsbecause（

）.

2.Thefourthparagraphiswrittentoillustratethat（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingshouldthefamilydotoreducejuveniledelinquency?

4.Whichofthefollowingthemesdoestheauthorfocuson?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theywanttoderivepleasurefromtheviolationitself

B.theirneedsarenotsatisfiedcompletelyandimmediately

C.violatinglawsandregulationsoffersthemgreaterexcitement

D.notenoughcontrolisexercisedtomakethemconformtolaws

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theimportantthingistogivechildrensomethinginterestingtodo

B.allthatchildrenneed,likeadults,arerecognitionandprivileges

C.childrencanbemadetofeellovedandsecureonlyathome

D.alltheneedsofanadolescentcannotbesatisfied

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Exertdirectandindirectcontroloverthechildwithinthefamily.

B.Don’tinterfereinchildren’sbehaviorinoroutsidethefamily.

C.Trytohelpthechildrenmeetlegitimateneedsinandoutsidethefamily.

D.Tryitsbesttosatisfyallofthechildren’sneedswithinthefamily.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Needsatisfactionandjuveniledelinquency.

B.Adolescents’interactionwithfamily,schoolandsociety.

C.Familyaffectionanddevelopment.

D.Indirectanddirectcontroloveradolescents.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:1.根據(jù)第一段第四句“Ifalltheneedsoftheadolescentcouldbemetadequatelyandwithoutdelay,withoutviolatinglaws,therewouldbenopointinviolation...”如果在不違反法律的情況下，能夠充分地及時(shí)地滿足青少年的所有需要，那么青少年就不會(huì)犯罪。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第四段的二三句，青少年的某些需要必須被推遲，比如外國(guó)跑車，性滿足，成人的收入和地位。同樣，不是每個(gè)人都能成為足球隊(duì)隊(duì)長(zhǎng)、?；ɑ颡?jiǎng)學(xué)金獲得者。作者意在說(shuō)明并不是青少年所有的需求都能得到滿足，選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，家庭可以在很大程度上滿足家庭內(nèi)部的需求，并且可以鼓勵(lì)孩子與學(xué)校，同齡人團(tuán)體以及職業(yè)相關(guān)的人和事交往互動(dòng)。即幫助孩子滿足家庭內(nèi)外的合法需求。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要討論的是滿足需要與青少年犯罪，選項(xiàng)A最能概括全文。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

13.單選題

Yearsaftertheaccidenthewasstill（）byimagesofdeathanddestruction.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.twisted

B.dipped

C.haunted

D.submerged

【答案】C

【解析】句意:事故過(guò)去好多年后，他的腦中仍縈繞著死亡和毀滅的畫面。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。twist扭曲，扭動(dòng)；dip浸，蘸；haunt縈繞；submerge淹沒，沉入水中。因此C符合句意。

14.單選題

Duringourexploration,wediscoveredthatpeoplewillexploitthenewnessandbreadthoftheInformationMarketplacetosupporttheirwishesand______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.breaches

B.premises

C.ruts

D.predilections

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)breach“違背，違反，缺口”，B項(xiàng)premise“前提，假定”，C項(xiàng)rut“發(fā)情期，慣例，性沖動(dòng)”，D項(xiàng)predilection“偏愛，嗜好”。根據(jù)句子可知空格處填入的詞和wishes“愿望”并列，那么四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有predilection符合語(yǔ)境。句意：在我們的探索過(guò)程中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)人們會(huì)利用信息市場(chǎng)的新穎性和廣度來(lái)支持他們的愿望和偏好。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

15.寫作題

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed50minutestowriteacompositionofnolessthan300wordsunderthetitleof“AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofDoingResearchOnline.”Yourcompositionshouldbebasedonthefollowingoutline:

1)Presentsituationaboutdoingresearchonline;

2)Advantagesforonlineresearch;

3)Disadvantagesforonlineresearch.

【答案】

AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofDoingResearchOnline16.單選題

Youshouldn’tgotoworktoday,itisrainingsohard.（）youstillhaveatemperature.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Therefore

B.Nevertheless

C.Moreover

D.Despite

【答案】C

【解析】邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)句意可知，前后構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)的關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)中只有Moreover表示遞進(jìn)，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

17.單選題

Inorderto（）agoodknowledgeofEnglish,hegaveuphisjobandwenttostudyinanEnglishschool.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.require

B.inquire

C.acquire

D.address

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)require“需要，要求”；B選項(xiàng)inquire“詢問(wèn)”；C選項(xiàng)acquire“獲得”；D選項(xiàng)address“演說(shuō)，致辭”。句意：為了獲得英語(yǔ)知識(shí)，他放棄了工作，到一所英語(yǔ)學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

18.翻譯題

Peoplecannotliveapartfromnature;thatisthefirstprincipleoftheconservationists.Andyet,peoplecannotliveinnaturewithoutchangingit.Butthisistrueofallcreatures;theydependuponnature,andtheychangeit.Whatwecallnatureis,inasense,thesumofthechangesmadebyallthevariouscreaturesandnaturalforcesintheirintricateactionsandinfluencesuponeachotherandupontheirplaces.Becauseofthewoodpeckers,natureisdifferentfromwhatitwouldbewithoutthem.Itisdifferentalsobecauseoftheborersandantsthatliveintreetrunks,andbecauseofthebacteriathatliveinthesoilunderthetree.Themakingofthesedifferencesisthemakingoftheworld.

Someofthechangesmadebywildcreatureswewouldcallbeneficent.Beaversarefamousformakingpondsthatturnintofertilemeadows;treesandprairiegrassesbuildsoil.Butsometimes,too,wewouldcallnaturalchangesdestructive.Accordingtoearlywitnesses,forinstance,largeareasaroundKentuckysaltlickswereseverelytrampedanderodedbythegreatherdsofhoofedanimalsthatgatheredthere.Thebuffalo“streets”throughhillycountryweresohollowedoutbyhoofwearanderosionthattheyremainvisiblealmosttwocenturiesafterthedisappearanceofthebuffalo.Andsoitcanhardlybeexpectedthathumanswouldnotchangenature.Humans,likeallothercreatures,mustmakeadifference;otherwisetheycannotlive.Butunlikeothercreatures,theymustmakeachoiceastothekindandofthedifferencetheymake.Iftheychoosetomaketoosmalladifferencetheydiminishtheirhumanity.Iftheychoosetomaketoogreatadifferencetheydiminishnature,andnarrowtheirsubsequentchoices;ultimately,theydiminishordestroythemselves.Nature,then,isnotonlyoursourcebutalsoourlimitandmeasure.

【答案】參考譯文：

人類的生存離不開大自然，這是生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)者的第一原則。然而，人類不可能在大自然中生存而不改變它。不過(guò)，這對(duì)所有生物來(lái)說(shuō)都是如此，它們依賴自然且改變它。在某種意義上，我們把大自然稱為各種各樣的生物和大自然力量在自己復(fù)雜的活動(dòng)、相互影響以及對(duì)生活環(huán)境的影響中引起的變化的全部。因?yàn)樽哪绝B的存在，所以大自然不同于沒有啄木鳥的大自然會(huì)呈現(xiàn)的樣子。大自然也因?yàn)樯钣跇涓傻你@蛀蟲和螞蟻，以及生活在樹下泥土中的細(xì)菌而不同。這些差異的形成就是世界的形成。

我們會(huì)把野生生物引起的一些變化稱為是有益的：海貍因?yàn)榘殉靥磷兂煞饰植莸囟雒瑯淠竞湍翀?chǎng)草地構(gòu)建了土壤。不過(guò)，我們有時(shí)會(huì)把大自然的變化稱為有害的。例如，據(jù)早期目擊者稱，肯塔基州鹽堿地周圍大部分區(qū)域被聚集在那里的成群的有蹄類動(dòng)物嚴(yán)重踐踏和損壞。穿過(guò)丘陵地帶的水牛“街道”被嚴(yán)重磨損和侵蝕，以至于它們（即水?！敖值馈保┰谒ＯШ蟛畈欢鄡蓚€(gè)世紀(jì)仍然看得見。因此，期望人類不會(huì)改變大自然幾乎是不可能的。與所有其它生物一樣，人類必須對(duì)大自然產(chǎn)生影響；否則他們就不能生存。不過(guò)，與其它生物不一樣的是人類必須對(duì)于自己產(chǎn)生的影響的種類和規(guī)模做出選擇。如果人類選擇產(chǎn)生一個(gè)太小的影響，那么他們就會(huì)使自身數(shù)量減少。如果人類選擇產(chǎn)生一個(gè)太大的影響，那么他們就會(huì)使大自然變小，從而使自己的選擇范圍縮小；最后他們會(huì)使自身數(shù)量減少或毀掉自身。因此，大自然不僅是我們?nèi)祟惿娴馁Y源，并且還是我們?nèi)祟惿娴慕缦藓蜆?biāo)桿。

19.單選題

Doesusingawordprocessoraffectawriter’sstyle?Themediumusuallydoesdosomethingtothemessageafterall,evenifMarshallMcLuhan’sclaimthatthemediumsimplyisthemessagehasbeenheardandlargelyforgottennow.Thequestionmatters.RayHammond,inhisexcellentguideTheWriterandtheWordProcessor,predictsthatoverhalftheprofessionalwritersinBritainandtheUSAwillbeusingwordprocessorsbytheendof1985.Thebest-knownrecruitisLenDeighton,fromaslongagoas1968,thoughmostusershaveonlystartedsincethemicrocomputerboombeganin1980.

Ironicallywordprocessingisinsomewayspsychologicallymorelikewritinginroughthantyping,sinceitrestoresfluidityandprovisionallytothetext.Thetypist’sdreadofhavingtogetoutthetippex,thescissorsandpaste,orofredoingthewholethingifhehasanysubstantialsecondthoughts,canmakehimconsistentlychoosethesaferoptioninhissentences,orletsomethingstandwhichheknowstobeunsatisfactoryorincomplete,outofweariness.Inwordprocessingthetextisloosenedupwhilststillretainingtheadvantageoflookingformallyfinished.

Thishas,Ithink,twoapparentlycontradictoryeffects.Theinitialwritingcanbecomeexcessivelysloppyandcareless,intheexpectationthatitwillbecorrectedlater.Thatcrucialfirstinspirationisnevereasytorecapture,though,andtherefore,ontheotherhand,thewritingcanbecomeover-deliberated,lackinginflowandspontaneity,sincerevisionbecomesalargepartofcomposition.However,thesearefaultseasiertodetectinothersthaninoneself.MyownexperienceofthesheerdifficultyofcommittinganywordsatalltothepagemeansI’mgratefulforallthehelpIcanget.

Formostwriters,wordprocessingquiterapidlycomestofeelliketheidealmethod(andcanalwaysbeasecondstepafterdraftingonpaperifyouprefer).MostofthewritersinterviewedbyHammondsayithasimprovedtheirstyle,(“immensely”，saysDeighton).Seeingyourownwordonascreenhelpsyoutofeelcoolanddetachedaboutthem.

Thusitisnotjustbyfreeingyoufromthelaborofmechanicalretypingthatawordprocessorcanhelpyoutowrite.Oneauthor(TerenceFeely)claimsithasincreasedhisoutputby400%.Possiblythefeelingofhavingareactivemachine,whichappearstodothings,ratherthanjusthavethingsdonewithit,accountsforthis—yourslaveworkshardandsodoyou.

Aretherenodrawbacks?Itcostsalotandtakestimetolearn—“expecttoloseweeksofwork”，saysHammond,thoughdaysmightbenearerthemark.Notoriouslyitispossibletoloseworkaltogetheronawordprocessor,andthishappenstoeverybodyatleastonce.Theawarenessthatwhatyouhavewrittennolongerexistsanywhereatall,isunbelievablyenragingandbaffling.

Willwordprocessinggenerallyraisethelevelofprofessionalwritingthen?Doesitmakewritersbetteraswellasmoreproductive?Thoughallusersinsistithasdonesoforthemindividually,thisishardtobelieve.Butreliancehappensfast.

1.WhatappearstobechangingrapidlyinBritainandtheUSA?

2.Typingamanuscriptintheconventionalmannermaymakeawriter（

）.

3.Oneeffectofusingawordprocessormaybethattheongoingrevisionofatext

（

）.

4.Itisclaimedherethatwordprocessorscreate

（

）.

5.Asfaraslearningtouseawordprocessorisconcerned,theauthorofthepassagefeelsthatHammond（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thestylewritersareemploying.

B.Thewaynewwritersarebeingrecruited.

C.Themediumauthorsareusing.

D.Themessageauthorsareputtingforward.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.havealotofsecondthoughts

B.becomeovercriticalofhisorherwork

C.makemoremistakes

D.takefewrisks

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.isdonewithtoolittleattention

B.producesasloppyeffect

C.failstoproduceafluentstyle

D.doesnotencourageonetopickupmistakes

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.afeelingofdistancebetweenawriterandhisorherwork

B.theillusionthatyouaretheservantofthemachine

C.asensationofpower

D.areluctanceintheauthortoexpresshimselforherself

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.isunderstatingtheproblem

B.exaggeratesonedrawback

C.istooskepticalabouttheadvantage

D.overestimatesthedangeroflosingtext

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的RayHammond,inhisexcellentguideTheWriterandtheWordProcessor,predictsthatoverhalftheprofessionalwritersinBritainandtheUSAwillbeusingwordprocessorsbytheendof1985.（RayHammond在他的優(yōu)秀指南《作家和文字處理者》中預(yù)測(cè)，到1985年底，英國(guó)和美國(guó)超過(guò)一半的專業(yè)作家將使用文字處理器）可知C選項(xiàng)“作家使用的工具”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞typing定位到文章第二段中，由Thetypist’sd