書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川文化產(chǎn)業(yè)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

ThisistheChinese______,translatedfromEnglish.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.publication

B.editor

C.printing

D.version

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)publication“發(fā)行，出版物”；B選項(xiàng)editor“（報(bào)刊、雜志的）主編”；C選項(xiàng)printing“（書(shū)籍的）一次印刷”；D選項(xiàng)version“（電影、劇本、樂(lè)曲等的）版本”。句意：這是英文翻譯過(guò)來(lái)的中文______。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指的是這原來(lái)是英文的，被翻譯成了中文，D選項(xiàng)version“（電影、劇本、樂(lè)曲等的）版本”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Menandwomenofallagescanbenefitfrom（）amountsofdailyphysicalexercise.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.desperate

B.considerate

C.literate

D.moderate

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)desperate“絕望的；不顧一切的”；B選項(xiàng)considerate“體貼的；考慮周到的”；C選項(xiàng)literate“精通文學(xué)的；受過(guò)教育的”；D選項(xiàng)moderate“穩(wěn)健的；適中的；有節(jié)制的”。句意：所有年齡段的男性和女性都可以通過(guò)（）的每日體育鍛煉受益。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，moderate“適中的；有節(jié)制的”搭配physicalexercise“體育鍛煉”比較合理。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Acycleridewalkorswimatleastthreetimesaweekwill______yourcirculationandhelpmaintainahealthybloom.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.boost

B.heighten

C.compel

D.renew

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)boost“促進(jìn)”；B選項(xiàng)heighten“提高”；C選項(xiàng)compel“強(qiáng)迫”；D選項(xiàng)renew“更換；重新開(kāi)始”。句意：每周至少騎三次自行車，散步或游泳，可以______你的血液循環(huán)，幫助保持健康的血液循環(huán)。橫線處和yourcirculation“你的血液循環(huán)”形成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，只有A選項(xiàng)boost“促進(jìn)”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Ifyouknowwhatthetroubleis,whydon'tyouhelpthemto（）thesituation?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.simplify

B.modify

C.verify

D.rectify

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。選項(xiàng)A：simplify“簡(jiǎn)化，使單純”;選項(xiàng)B:modify“修改”；選項(xiàng)C：verify“核實(shí)，查證”;選項(xiàng)D：rectify“矯正，改正”。rectify是指抽象意義上對(duì)于偏離正常軌道的矯正，因此與題意更切合，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。句意：如果你知道問(wèn)題出在哪里，為什么不幫助他們扭轉(zhuǎn)局面呢?

5.單選題

Inthefaceofunexpecteddifficulties,hedemonstratedatalentforquick,_____action.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.determining

B.defensive

C.demanding

D.decisive

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。determining（使）下決心,（使）做出決定的；defensive自衛(wèi)的；demanding苛求的，吃力的；decisive決定性的，果斷的,堅(jiān)定的。句意：面對(duì)意想不到的困難，他表現(xiàn)出了隨機(jī)應(yīng)變、迅速?zèng)Q斷的能力。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

6.單選題

Noonecanbeagreatthinkerwhodoesnotrealizethatasathinkeritisherfirstdutytofollowherintellecttowhateverconclusionsitmaylead.

Therehavebeenandmayagainbegreatindividualthinkersinageneralatmosphereofmentalslavery.Butthereneverhasbeen,noreverwillbe,inthatatmosphereanintellectuallyactivepeople.Wherethereisatacitconventionthatprinciplesarenottobedisputed,wherethediscussionofthegreatestquestionswhichcanoccupyhumanityisconsideredtobeclosed,wecannothopetofindthatgenerallyhighscaleofmentalactivitywhichhasmadesomeperiodsofhistorysoremarkable.Neverwhencontroversyavoidedthesubjectswhicharelargeandimportantenoughtokindleenthusiasmwasthemindofapeoplestirredupfromitsfoundationsandtheimpulsegivenwhichraisedevenpersonsofthemostordinaryintellecttosomethingofthedignityofthinkingbeings.

Shewhoknowsonlyherownsideofthecaseknowslittleofthat.Herreasonsmaybegood,andnoonemayhavebeenabletorefutethem.Butifsheisequallyunabletorefutethereasonsoftheoppositeside,ifshedoesnotsomuchasknowwhattheyare,shehasnogroundforpreferringeitheropinion.Therationalpositionforherwouldbesuspensionofjudgment,andunlessshecontentsherselfwiththat,sheiseitherledbyauthority,oradopts,likethegeneralityoftheworld,thesidetowhichshefeelsthemostinclination.Norisitenoughthatsheshouldheartheargumentsofadversariesfromherownteachers,presentedastheystatethem,andaccompaniedbywhattheyofferasrefutations.Thatisnotthewaytodojusticetothearguments,orbringthemintorealcontactwithherownmind.Shemustbeabletohearthemfrompersonswhoactuallybelievethem,whodefendtheminearnest,anddotheirveryutmostforthem.Shemustknowthemintheirmostplausibleandpersuasiveform:shemustfeelthewholeforceofthedifficultywhichthetrueviewofthesubjecthastoencounteranddisposeof;elseshewillneverreallypossessherselfoftheportionoftruthwhichmeetsandremovesthatdifficulty.Ninety-nineinahundredofwhatarecallededucatedpersonsareinthiscondition;evenofthosewhocanarguefluentlyfortheiropinions.Theirconclusionmaybetrue,butitmightbefalseforanythingtheyknow:theyhaveneverthrownthemselvesintothementalpositionofthosewhothinkdifferentlyfromthemandconsideredwhatsuchpersonsmayhavetosay;andconsequentlytheydonot,inanypropersenseoftheword,knowthedoctrineswhichtheythemselvesprofess.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,itisalwaysadvisableto（）.

32.Accordingtotheauthor,inagreatperiodsuchastheRenaissancewemayexpecttofind（）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

4.Accordingtotheauthor,thepersonwho-holdsorthodoxbeliefswithoutexaminationmaybedescribedinallofthefollowingwaysEXCEPTas（）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwouldbemostlikelytoagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatements?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.beacquaintedwiththeargumentsfavoringthepointofviewwithwhichonedisagrees

B.adoptthepointofviewtowhichonefeelsthemostinclination

C.haveopinionswhichcannotberefuted

D.suspendheterodoxspeculationinfavorofdoctrinaireapproaches

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.acceptanceoftruth

B.controversyoverprinciples

C.inordinateenthusiasm

D.adreadofheterodoxspeculation

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Mosteducatedpeoplestudybothsidesofaquestion.

B.Themajorityofthosewhoargueeloquentlytrulyknowonlyonesideofanissue.

C.Indebatableissues,weshouldrelyontheopinionsoftheexpertsforguidance.

D.Heterodoxspeculationwillleadtomanyunnecessaryerrorsofthinking.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.enslavedbytradition

B.lessthanfollyrational

C.havingaclosedmind

D.determinedoncontroversy

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Atrulygreatthinkermakesnomistakes.

B.Therefutationofacceptedideascanbestbeprovidedbyone’sownteachers.

C.Periodsofintellectualachievementareperiodsofunorthodoxreflection

D.excessivecontroversypreventsclearthinking.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。由第三段“Thatisnotthewaytodojusticetothearguments,orbringthemintorealcontactwithherownmind.Shemustbeabletohearthemfrompersonswhoactuallybelievethem,whodefendtheminearnest,anddotheirveryutmostforthem.Shemustknowthemintheirmostplausibleandpersuasiveform:shemustfeelthewholeforceofthedifficultywhichthetrueviewofthesubjecthastoencounteranddisposeof;elseshewillneverreallypossessherselfoftheportionoftruthwhichmeetsandremovesthatdifficulty.這不是公正對(duì)待這些論點(diǎn)的方法，也不是讓它們與她自己的思想真正接觸的方法。她必須能夠聽(tīng)到那些真正相信這些論點(diǎn)的人的聲音，那些真誠(chéng)地為這些論點(diǎn)辯護(hù)的人的聲音，那些竭盡全力為這些論點(diǎn)辯護(hù)的人的聲音。她必須以最似是而非、最具說(shuō)服力的形式來(lái)認(rèn)識(shí)這些問(wèn)題:她必須感受到對(duì)問(wèn)題的真實(shí)看法所必須面對(duì)和處理的困難的全部力量;否則，她將永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法真正掌握真理的那一部分，從而克服并消除那個(gè)困難。據(jù)此可知作者認(rèn)為如果一個(gè)人只知道自己的觀點(diǎn)而不關(guān)心對(duì)立觀點(diǎn)，不傾聽(tīng)對(duì)立觀點(diǎn)的聲音，那么就很難獲得真理?！弊髡哂昧巳齻€(gè)must表明正確的做法是什么，從中我們了解到正確做法就是要熟悉那些你不贊成的觀點(diǎn)。故A項(xiàng)正確。

2.判斷推理題。由第二段“Therehavebeenandmayagainbegreatindividualthinkersinageneralatmosphereofmentalslavery…Wherethereisatacitconventionthatprinciplesarenottobedisputed,wherethediscussionofthegreatestquestionswhichcanoccupyhumanityisconsideredtobeclosed,wecannothopetofindthatgenerallyhighscaleofmentalactivitywhichhasmadesomeperiodsofhistorysoremarkable.在精神奴役的普遍氛圍中，曾經(jīng)有，而且可能會(huì)再次出現(xiàn)偉大的個(gè)人思想家。但是，在那種氣氛中，從來(lái)沒(méi)有，也永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)有一個(gè)思想活躍的民族。在那里有一種不成文的慣例，即原則是不容置疑的，對(duì)那些可以占據(jù)人類的最偉大的問(wèn)題的討論被認(rèn)為是封閉的，我們就不能指望發(fā)現(xiàn)使某些歷史時(shí)期如此非凡的普遍的大規(guī)模精神活動(dòng)?！蔽乃噺?fù)興是屬于思想活動(dòng)的頂峰，必然會(huì)討論原則問(wèn)題。所以B項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第三段最后部分“Ninety-nineinahundredofwhatarecallededucatedpersonsareinthiscondition;evenofthosewhocanarguefluentlyfortheiropinions.Theirconclusionmaybetrue,butitmightbefalseforanythingtheyknow:theyhaveneverthrownthemselvesintothementalpositionofthosewhothinkdifferentlyfromthemandconsideredwhatsuchpersonsmayhavetosay;andconsequentlytheydonot,inanypropersenseoftheword,knowthedoctrineswhichtheythemselvesprofess.百分之九十九的所謂受過(guò)教育的人處于這種狀態(tài);甚至那些能夠流利地為自己的觀點(diǎn)辯護(hù)的人。他們的結(jié)論可能是正確的，但也可能他們所知道的一切都是錯(cuò)誤的。他們從未把自己置于與他們想法不同的人的心理位置上，也從未考慮過(guò)這些人可能會(huì)說(shuō)些什么;所以結(jié)果是他們不知道他們自己所信奉的教條的真正的意義?！庇纱丝芍狝項(xiàng)與之相反，B項(xiàng)與之相符，故B項(xiàng)正確。CD兩項(xiàng)文中沒(méi)有提及。

4.判斷推理題。題干問(wèn)那些持有未經(jīng)檢驗(yàn)的正統(tǒng)信仰的人沒(méi)有以下哪項(xiàng)特征。A項(xiàng)：為傳統(tǒng)所奴役；B項(xiàng)：不怎么理智；C項(xiàng)：頭腦閉塞；D項(xiàng)：對(duì)辯論是堅(jiān)決的。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，持有未經(jīng)檢驗(yàn)的正統(tǒng)信仰的人不會(huì)獨(dú)立思考，更不會(huì)懷疑他所信仰的東西。故ABC三項(xiàng)都是這種人的特點(diǎn)。

5.判斷推理題。A項(xiàng)“一個(gè)真正的思想家不犯錯(cuò)誤”；B項(xiàng)“對(duì)公認(rèn)觀點(diǎn)的駁斥最好由自己的老師來(lái)提供?！盋項(xiàng)“智力成就的時(shí)期是非正統(tǒng)思考的時(shí)期”；D項(xiàng)“過(guò)度的辯論會(huì)制止清晰的思考?！庇傻诙慰芍?dú)v史上思想活動(dòng)的頂峰時(shí)期如文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期，各大學(xué)派互相辯論，使思想摩擦出火花，使文藝復(fù)興成為文化運(yùn)動(dòng)的頂峰。故C項(xiàng)“智力成就的時(shí)期是非正統(tǒng)思考的時(shí)期”正確。

7.單選題

InMarch1974oneofthemostastonishingarchaeologicaldiscoveriesofthetwentiethcenturywasunearthedinthecountyofLintong,ShaanxiProvince.Anentirearmyoflife-sizedwarriorsandhorses,buriedformorethan2,200years,begantobeuncovered.Thesereplicashadbeenplacedintrenchesaroundthestill-unexcavatedtombofQinshihuang,theFirstEmperoroftheQinDynasty(221-207B.C.).Eachofthemanyhundredsoflife-sizedwarriorswasconstructedofbakedclayandpaintedwithavarietyofcolors.Mostwereobviouslyintendedasindividualportraits.

Theheadshapesofthesefiguresandtheexpressionsontheirfaceswere,moreorless,individualized,andsoeachmancouldbeidentifiedastohisplaceofregionalorigin.Thesquare-faced,broad-foreheaded,prominent-cheekbone,heavy-featured,big-mouthedandwide-cheekedonesweremodeledafternativesofcentralShaanxi.Theshorter,round-faced,sharp-chinned,andthin-lippedsoldiersweremodeledafterpersonsfromtheprovinceofSichuan.OtherswereclearlyfromGansu,andthereweresomewhoappearedtobemembersofvariousminoritiesinnorthwesternChina.Eachhaditsownhairdo:theoneswithlonghairhadthisknottedattherightsideoftheheadbecausetheQinpeopleesteemedtheright.

TothesurpriseofbothChineseandWesternarchaeologists,afewoftheclaysoldiersshowednon-Chinesecharacteristics,possiblybeingpersonsfromasfarawayasArabiaorPersia.ThiswasparticularlysurprisingbecauseithadlongbeenassumedthattherewerenopersonsfromoutsideChinalivingthereinsuchancienttimes.

Yetacenturylaterthehistoricalrecorddoesindicatelimitedcontactwithforeigners.ThereisonereportintheannalsoftheEasternHanDynasty(A.D.25-220)ofaRomanjugglerwhoarrivedinChinabywayofBurmainA.D.109,andanotherofthearrivalofanenvoyfromMacedoniaataboutthesametime.AndtheRomanhistorianLuciusAnnaeusFlorusmentionsthecomingofaChineseenvoytoRomeasearlyasthereignofAugustus(27B.C.-A.D.14).

ButextensivecontactsbetweenChinaandtheWestdidn'treallybeginuntilthenorthernSilkRoadwasgraduallydevelopedafter138B.C.Thisoverlandroutestartedatpresent-dayXi'anandpassedthroughthe

WesternCorridorbeyondtheYellowRiver,Xinjiang,Farghana(nowUzbekistan),Persia(Iran)andTajik(Iraq)whereitmetwesternboundaryoftheRomanEmpire.

FormorethanathousandyearsthisnorthernSilkRoadprovidedarouteforcaravansthatbroughttoChinadates,saffronpowderandpistachionutsfromPersia;glassbottlesfromEgypt,andmanyotherexpensiveanddesirablegoodsfromotherpartsoftheworld.Andthecaravanswenthomewiththeircamelsandhorsesloadeddownbyboltsofsilkbrocadeandboxesfilledwithlacquerwareandporcelains.

AnotherSilkRoad,documentedinthegeographysectionoftheHistoryofHanDynastywasasearoutethatbeganattheportsofXuwenandHepuontheReizhouPeninsulainSouthChina(nearwhichthecityofBeihaiisnowlocated),passedthroughtheMalaccaStraitandendedinBurmaortheHuangchiKingdomofsouthernIndia.

MoreChineseporcelainsandsilksreachedEuropebythisroutethanbytheoverlandonebecauseofpiratesandstormsatsea.SubsidiarybranchesofthisSilkRoadoftheSeareachedsuchplacesasKorea,Japan,andthePhilippinestoallowfortheexchangeofvariousgoodsnotreadilyavailableoverthelandroute.Forexample,asearlyasthethirdcenturyA.D.,thePhilippineswereshippinggoldtoChinabythisroute.

1.Eachexcavatedwarriori（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

3.Archaeologistsweresurprisedbytheexoticcharacteristicsoftheclaysolderbecause（）.

4.Itcouldbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

5.Inthepassage"SilkRoad"refersto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wasgivenauniquefacialexpressionandhairstyle

B.wasmadeofstoneorclay

C.waspaintedwithonecolor

D.wasmodeledafternativesofcentralShaanxi

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theclaywarriorswereasbigasrealpeople.

B.Solders'longhairwasknottedattherightsideforconvenience.

C.Asolder'sappearancecouldtellwherehewasfrom.

D.Thesoldersrepresentedpeopleofdifferentnationalities.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.nocontactwithforeignersatthattimewasknowntothem

B.noonehadeverseenforeigners

C.noforeignerscametoChinabefore138B.C.

D.norecordofforeignvisitswasavailable

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.moremerchantswerekilledonthesearoute

B.certaingoodsweretooprecioustobetransportedbyland

C.tradebetweenChinaandsoutheastAsiabroughtmoremoneytothegovernment

D.thesearoutewasadvantageousoverthelandroute

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.alandroutebywhichsilkbrocadewastransportedtotheWest

B.anyroutewhichconnectedChinawithothercountries

C.flowofgoodsfromChinatoothercountries

D.caravansthatdidbusinesswithChinaandothercountries

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句“Eachofthemanyhundredsoflife-sizedwarriorswasconstructedofbakedclayandpaintedwithavarietyofcolors.”可知選項(xiàng)B和C錯(cuò)誤，根據(jù)第三段可知，兵馬俑部分人物是模仿陜西中部的當(dāng)?shù)厝?，還有部分是模仿四川、甘肅、少數(shù)民族的人等，所以選項(xiàng)D也錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)A每一個(gè)士兵都有自己獨(dú)特的面部表情和發(fā)型，正確。

2.根據(jù)一二段的內(nèi)容可知選項(xiàng)A、C、D均正確，只有選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Eachhaditsownhairdo:theoneswithlonghairhadthisknottedattherightsideoftheheadbecausetheQinpeopleesteemedtheright.”可知，長(zhǎng)頭發(fā)的士兵在右邊扎個(gè)結(jié)不是為了方便，而是因?yàn)榍貒?guó)人都很尊重這個(gè)發(fā)型。

3.根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“ThiswasparticularlysurprisingbecauseithadlongbeenassumedthattherewerenopersonsfromoutsideChinalivingthereinsuchancienttimes.”因?yàn)殚L(zhǎng)期以來(lái)人們一直認(rèn)為，在如此古老的時(shí)代，沒(méi)有來(lái)自中國(guó)以外的人住在那里。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.最后一段主要講海上絲綢之路相對(duì)于陸上絲綢之路來(lái)說(shuō)要更好一些，它可以交換在陸路上不易獲得的各種貨物，比如黃金。選項(xiàng)D正確。

5.文中的絲綢之路是指任何連接中國(guó)和其他國(guó)家的線路，選項(xiàng)B正確。選項(xiàng)A絲綢織錦運(yùn)往西部的陸路，除了絲綢織棉還有瓷器等其他東西，除了陸路還有海路，所以錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)C商品從中國(guó)流向其他國(guó)家，還有其他國(guó)家運(yùn)來(lái)中國(guó)的，所以錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)D是與中國(guó)和其他國(guó)家做生意的商隊(duì)，也不正確。

8.單選題

Youmustbeverycareful.Thework（

）precision.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.retails

B.repels

C.retains

D.entails

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)retail“零售，詳述”；B選項(xiàng)repel“擊退，抵制”；C選項(xiàng)retain“保持，固定”；D選項(xiàng)entail“使需要，要求”。句意：你必須非常小心，這項(xiàng)工作對(duì)精確性要求極高。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

9.單選題

Drunkendriving—sometimescalledAmerica’ssociallyacceptedformofmurder—hasbecomeanationalepidemic（流行?。?EveryhourofeverydayaboutthreeAmericansonaveragearekilledbydrunkendrivers.

Adrunkendriverisusuallydefinedasonewitha0.10bloodalcoholcontentorroughlythreebeers,glassesofwineorshotsofwhiskydrunkwithintwohours.HeavydrinkingusedtobeanacceptablepartoftheAmericanmanimageandjudgesweretolerantinmostcourts,butthedrunkenslaughterhasrecentlycausedsomanywell-publicizedtragedies,especiallyinvolvingyoungchildren,thatpublicopinionisnolongersotolerant.

Twentystateshaveraisedthelegaldrinkingageto21,reversingatrendinthe1960storeduceitto18.AfterNewJerseylowereditto18,thenumberofpeoplekilledby18—20-year-olddriversmorethandoubled,sothestaterecentlyuppeditbackto21.Reformers,however,fearraisingthedrinkingagewillhavelittleeffectunlessaccomplishedbyeducationalprogramstohelpyoungpeopletodevelop“responsibleattitudes”aboutdrinkingandteachthemtoresistpressuretodrink.

Toughnewlawshaveledtoincreasedarrestsandtestsand,inmanyareasalready,toamarkeddeclineinfatalities.Somestatesarealsopenalizingbarsforservingcustomerstoomanydrinks.Atavern（酒店主）inMassachusettswasfinedforservingsixormoredoublebrandiestoacustomerwhowas“obviouslyintoxicated”andlaterdroveofftheroad,killinganine-year-oldboy.

Asthefatalitiescontinuetooccurdailyineverystate,someAmericansareevenbeginningtospeakwellofthe13yearsofnationalprohibitionofalcoholthatbeganin1919.Theyforgetthatlegalprohibitiondidn’tstopdrinking,butencouragedpoliticalcorruptionandorganizedcrime.Aswiththeboomingdrugtradegenerally,thereisnoeasysolution.

1.DrunkendrivinghasbecomeamajorprobleminAmericabecause（）.

2.StatisticsissuedinNewJerseysuggestedthat（）.

3.Lawsrecentlyintroducedinsomestateshave（）.

4.Theproblemofdrunkendrivingisdifficulttosolvebecause（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mostAmericansareheavydrinkers

B.Americansarenowlessshockedbyroadaccidents

C.accidentsattractsomuchpublicity

D.drinkingisasociallyacceptedhabitinAmerica

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.manydriverswerenotoflegalage

B.youngpeoplewereoftenbaddrivers

C.thelevelofdrinkingincreasedinthe1960s

D.thelegaldrinkingageshouldberaised

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.reducedthenumberofconvictions

B.resultedinfewerseriousaccidents

C.preventedbarsfromservingdrunkencustomers

D.specifiedtheamountdriverscandrink

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.alcoholiseasilyobtained

B.drinkingislinkedtoorganizedcrime

C.legalprohibitinghasalreadyfailed

D.legislationaloneisnotsufficient

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.DrunkendrivinghasbecomeamajorprobleminAmericabecause______.1.醉酒駕駛在美國(guó)已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)主要問(wèn)題，因?yàn)開(kāi)_____。

A.mostAmericansareheavydrinkersA.大多數(shù)美國(guó)人都酗酒

B.AmericansarenowlessshockedbyroadaccidentsB.美國(guó)人現(xiàn)在對(duì)交通事故不那么震驚了

C.accidentsattractsomuchpublicityC.事故引起了如此多的關(guān)注

D.drinkingisasociallyacceptedhabitinAmericaD.在美國(guó)，喝酒是一種被社會(huì)接受的習(xí)慣

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段第二句“酗酒曾經(jīng)是美國(guó)人可以接受的一部分（HeavydrinkingusedtobeanacceptablepartoftheAmericanmanimage），在大多數(shù)法庭上，法官都很寬容，但最近醉酒車禍造成了如此多廣為人知的悲劇，尤其是涉及年幼兒童的悲劇，公眾輿論不再那么寬容了（publicopinionisnolongersotolerant）?！?，從中可知，在美國(guó)，喝酒是一種被社會(huì)所接受的習(xí)慣，而這種習(xí)慣造成了很多悲劇，成為美國(guó)的主要問(wèn)題，所以D項(xiàng)“在美國(guó)，喝酒是一種被社會(huì)接受的習(xí)慣”符合題意，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)美國(guó)人都酗酒”，文中只是提起喝酒是美國(guó)社會(huì)接受的一種習(xí)慣，并不代表大多數(shù)美國(guó)人都酗酒，該項(xiàng)曲解原文；

B項(xiàng)“美國(guó)人現(xiàn)在對(duì)交通事故不那么震驚了”沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C項(xiàng)“事故引起了如此多的關(guān)注”，根據(jù)解題思路可知，醉酒駕駛造成的悲劇太多，使得公眾輿論對(duì)這種喝酒的習(xí)慣不再寬容，文中并沒(méi)有提到公眾的關(guān)注，該項(xiàng)曲解原文。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.StatisticsissuedinNewJerseysuggestedthat______.2.新澤西州發(fā)布的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，______。

A.manydriverswerenotoflegalageA.許多司機(jī)沒(méi)有達(dá)到法定年齡

B.youngpeoplewereoftenbaddriversB.年輕人往往不善于開(kāi)車

C.thelevelofdrinkingincreasedinthe1960sC.飲酒水平在20世紀(jì)60年代有所上升

D.thelegaldrinkingageshouldberaisedD.法定飲酒年齡應(yīng)該提高

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞NewJersey定位至第三段第二句“在新澤西州把飲酒年齡降到18歲以后，18-20歲司機(jī)的死亡人數(shù)增加了一倍多，因此該州最近又把飲酒的年齡提高到21歲”，從新澤西州的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)看，降低飲酒年齡，醉酒駕駛造成的死亡人數(shù)還增加了，這說(shuō)明應(yīng)該提高法定的飲酒年齡，故D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“許多司機(jī)沒(méi)有達(dá)到法定年齡”、B項(xiàng)“年輕人往往不善于開(kāi)車”在原文沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有；

C項(xiàng)“飲酒水平在20世紀(jì)60年代有所上升”，文中只提到將法定飲酒年齡提高到21歲扭轉(zhuǎn)了20世紀(jì)60年代將法定飲酒年齡降低到18歲的趨勢(shì)，該項(xiàng)中的levelofdrinking（飲酒水平）在文中并沒(méi)有提到，該項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Lawsrecentlyintroducedinsomestateshave______.3.一些州最近出臺(tái)的法律______。

A.reducedthenumberofconvictionsA.減少了定罪的人數(shù)

B.resultedinfewerseriousaccidentsB.使得嚴(yán)重事故的發(fā)生更少

C.preventedbarsfromservingdrunkencustomersC.禁止酒吧招待醉酒的顧客

D.specifiedtheamountdriverscandrinkD.規(guī)定司機(jī)可以喝多少酒

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句“嚴(yán)厲的新法律使得被捕人數(shù)和接受檢查的人數(shù)增加，并且許多地區(qū)的死亡率顯著下降”，從中可知，最近出臺(tái)的與飲酒相關(guān)的法律使得死亡率顯著下降，這也就是說(shuō)這些法律降低了交通事故的發(fā)生率，B項(xiàng)“使得嚴(yán)重事故的發(fā)生更少”符合這一分析。故該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“減少了定罪的人數(shù)”，根據(jù)解題思路可知，嚴(yán)厲的法律使得被捕人數(shù)增多了，而不是減少了，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C項(xiàng)“禁止酒吧招待醉酒的顧客”，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句“一些州還懲罰酒吧為顧客提供過(guò)多的酒”可知，法律只是禁止酒吧為顧客提供過(guò)量的酒，關(guān)于“醉酒的顧客”并沒(méi)有提到，該項(xiàng)曲解原文；

D項(xiàng)“規(guī)定司機(jī)可以喝多少酒”沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Theproblemofdrunkendrivingisdifficulttosolvebecause______.4.醉駕問(wèn)題之所以難以解決，是因?yàn)開(kāi)_____。

A.alcoholiseasilyobtainedA.酒很容易獲得

B.drinkingislinkedtoorganizedcrimeB.飲酒與有組織的犯罪有關(guān)

C.legalprohibitinghasalreadyfailedC.法律禁止已經(jīng)失敗了

D.legislationaloneisnotsufficientD.僅靠立法是不夠的

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“他們忘記了法律禁令并沒(méi)有讓人們停止飲酒，而是鼓勵(lì)了政治腐敗和有組織的犯罪。就像激增的毒品交易一樣，沒(méi)有簡(jiǎn)單的解決辦法?！睆闹锌芍?，即使有法律禁令，人們還是繼續(xù)飲酒，并且政治腐敗和有組織的犯罪也增加了；所以推斷，醉駕問(wèn)題之所以難以解決，是因?yàn)閮H靠立法是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的。該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“酒很容易獲得”、C項(xiàng)“法律禁止已經(jīng)失敗了”在原文中沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有；

B項(xiàng)“飲酒與有組織的犯罪有關(guān)”，根據(jù)解題思路可知，原文只是提到法律禁令鼓勵(lì)了有組織的犯罪，但是并沒(méi)有說(shuō)明飲酒和有組織的犯罪之間的關(guān)系，所以該項(xiàng)并不能推斷出來(lái)，屬于曲解原文。

10.單選題

Somewomen______agoodsalaryinajobinsteadofstayinghome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesakeofthefamily.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mustmake

B.shouldhavemade

C.wouldmake

D.couldhavemade

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：有些婦女本可以在工作中獲得高薪而不是呆在家里，但她們?yōu)榱思彝ザ鴽Q定不工作。mustdo“必須做某事”；shouldhavedone“過(guò)去本應(yīng)該做某事卻未做”；woulddo“過(guò)去將會(huì)做某事”；couldhavedone“過(guò)去本能夠做某事卻未做”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指的是過(guò)去本可以工作卻沒(méi)有去工作，D選項(xiàng)couldhavemade符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Exposuretolow-intensitygammaradiationslowstherateofgrowthofthespoilageofmicro-organismsinfoodinmuchthesamewaythatthelowheatusedinpasteurization（

）thespoilageactionofthemicro-organismsinmilk.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.facilitates

B.initiates

C.inhibits

D.purifies

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)facilitates“促進(jìn)，幫助，使容易”；B選項(xiàng)initiates“開(kāi)始，創(chuàng)始，發(fā)起，倡議”；C選項(xiàng)inhibits“抑制，約束”；D選項(xiàng)purifies“凈化，使純凈”。根據(jù)句意‘暴露于低強(qiáng)度的伽馬電磁輻射下可以放緩食物中腐敗微生物的生長(zhǎng)速度，正如以極為相同的方式，在巴氏滅菌法中，低熱會(huì)遏制住牛奶中微生物的腐敗作用?！疌選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Thedeclineofmarriage:Forricher,forsmarterThetraditionalfamilyisnowthepreserveofaminority.Marriage,anditsmanyupsanddowns,stillexercisesapowerfulholdovernewspapers,magazinesandtheairwaves.Nearly23mAmericanswatchedPrinceWilliambeingjoinedinholymatrimonytoKateMiddleton.Millionsmorehavewallowedinthebreak-upofArnoldSchwarzenegger'smarriageafterrevelationsthathefatheredasonwithamaid.AndthetumescenttweetsofcongressmanAnthonyWeinerhavestirredupendlessspeculationaboutthehealthofhisownyear-oldmarriageandtheforbearanceofhisnewlypregnantwife.

LesstitillatingarerevelationsaboutthesorrystateofmarriageacrosstheUnitedStates.DatafromtheCensusBureaushowthatmarriedcouples,forthefirsttime,nowmakeuplessthanhalf(45%)ofallhouseholds.

TheiconicAmericanfamily,withmom,dadandkidsunderoneroof,isfading.Inever,statethenumbersofunmarriedcouples,childlesshouseholdsandsingle-personhouseholdsaregrowingfasterthanthosecomprisedofmarriedpeoplewithchildren,findsthe2010census.Thelatteraccountedfor43%ofhouseholdsin1950;theynowaccountforjust20%.Andthetrendhasapotentclassdimension.Traditionalmarriagehasevolvedfromanear-universalritetoaluxuryfortheeducatedandaffluent.

Therebarelywasamarriagegapin1960:onlyfourpercentagepointsseparatedtheweddedwaysofcollegeandhigh-schoolgraduates(76%versus72%).Thegaphassincewidenedto16percentagepoints,accordingtothePewResearchCentre.ACensusBureauanalysisreleasedthisspringfoundthatbridesaresignificantlymorelikelytohaveacollegedegreethantheywereinthemid-1990s.

“Marriagehasbecomemuchmoreselective,andthat'swhythedivorceratehascomedown,”saidBradfordWilcox,becomemuchmoreselective,andthat’swhythedivorceratehascomedown,”saidBradfordWilcox,directoroftheNationalMarriageProjectattheUniversityofVirginiainCharlottesville.Theprojectfoundthatdivorceratesforcoupleswithcollegedegreesareonlyathirdashighasforthosewithahigh-schooldegree.

Americanswithahigh-schooldegreeorless(whoaccountfor58%ofthepopulation)tellresearcherstheywouldliketomarry,butdonotbelievetheycanaffordit.Instead,theyraisechildrenoutofwedlock.Only6%ofchildrenborntocollege-educatedmotherswerebornoutsidemarriage,accordingtotheNationalMarriageProject.Thatcompareswith44%ofbabiesborntomotherswhoseeducationendedwithhighschool.

"Lessmarriagemeanslessincomeandmorepoverty，"reckonsIsabelSawhill,aseniorfellowattheBrookingsInstitution.Sheandotherresearchershavelinkedasmuchashalfoftheincomeinequalityinfamilycomposition:single-parentfamilies(mostlythosewithahigh-schooldegreeorless)aregettingpoorerwhilemarriedcouples(witheducationsanddualincomes)areincreasinglywell-off."Thisisastrikinggapthatisnotwellunderstoodbythepublic."shesays.

DonotexpecttheDemocraticParty,however,tomakeanissueofthemarriagegapinnextyear’selections.UnmarriedwomenvotedoverwhelminglyforBarackObama."Youdon'twanttosuggesttosomeonewhoisn'tmarriedandhaschildrenthattheyshouldbemarried."saysMsSawhill.“Thatisadenigrationoftheirlifestyle."

1.Accordingtothepassage,（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisTrue?

3.Thedivorceratehascomedownbecause（）.

4.“Lessmarriagemeanslessincomeandmorepoverty”is（）.

5.UnmarriedwomenVotedoverwhelminglyforBarackObamabecause（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lessthanhalf(45%)orpeoplepreservethetraditionalmarriage.

B.nearly23mAmericanswassadatthebreak-upofArnoldSchwarzenegger'smarriage.

C.theiconicAmericanfamilystilldominatesnewspapers,Magazinesandtheairwaves.

D.thenumbersofunmarriedcouples,childlesshouseholdsandsingle-personhouseholdsgrowby20%.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Traditionalmarriageisaluxuryfortheeducatedandrichnow.

B.ThestateofmarriageacrosstheUnitedStatesistitillating.

C.Themarriagegapisnarrowednow

D.Girlswithacollegedegreeareeasytogetmarried.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.therearemoreselectionsinmarriage.

B.marriagecouplesareofhigh-schooldegree.

C.peoplearemorecarefulinmarriageselection.

D.peopleareunwillingtogetmarried.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.averypopularsaying

B.notwellunderstood

C.wellreceived.

D.researchfinding

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.marriageisalifestyletothem.

B.theywanttogetmarried

C.marriageissorrythem.

D.theycannotaffordmarriagefinancially

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。A:不到一半（45%）的人保留傳統(tǒng)婚姻。根據(jù)第二段“DatafromtheCensusBureaushowthatmarriedcouples,forthefirsttime,nowmakeuplessthanhalf（45%）ofallhouseholds(人口普查局的數(shù)據(jù)顯示已婚夫婦現(xiàn)在占全部家庭的比例不到一半（45%）,這是首次出現(xiàn)這種情況)”可知A項(xiàng)正確。B:近2300萬(wàn)美國(guó)人對(duì)阿諾德施瓦辛格的婚姻破裂感到悲傷。根據(jù)第一段“Nearly23mAmericanswatchedPrinceWilliambeingjoinedinholymatrimonytoKateMiddleton(近2300萬(wàn)美國(guó)人收看了威廉王子迎娶凱特?米德?tīng)栴D（KateMiddleton）的神圣婚禮)”可知B項(xiàng)不正確。C:這個(gè)標(biāo)志性的美國(guó)家庭仍然主宰著報(bào)紙、雜志和廣播。根據(jù)第—段“Marriage,anditsmanyupsanddowns,stillexercisesapowerfulholdovernewspapers,magazinesandtheairwaves(婚姻、婚姻里的悲歡離合仍然強(qiáng)有力地占據(jù)著報(bào)紙、雜志的版面和廣播電視的節(jié)目)”可排除C項(xiàng)。D:未婚夫婦、無(wú)子女家庭、單身家庭增長(zhǎng)20%。根據(jù)第三段“Thelatteraccountedfor43%ofhouseholdsin1950;theynowaccountforjust20%(1950年后者（有孩子的已婚夫婦組成家庭）占全部家庭的43%；現(xiàn)在只占20%)”可排除D項(xiàng)。因此，本題選A。

2.判斷推理題。A:傳統(tǒng)婚姻對(duì)現(xiàn)在的受過(guò)教育的富人來(lái)說(shuō)是一種奢侈。根據(jù)第三段“Traditionalmarriagehasevolvedfromanear-universalritetoaluxuryfortheeducatedandaffluent(傳統(tǒng)婚姻普遍被視為習(xí)俗，現(xiàn)在它已經(jīng)進(jìn)化為受教育人群和具有經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力的人群所享有的奢侈品)”可知A項(xiàng)正確。B:整個(gè)美國(guó)的婚姻現(xiàn)狀讓人感到興奮。根據(jù)第二段“LesstitillatingarerevelationsaboutthesorrystateofmarriageacrosstheUnitedStates(美國(guó)人自己婚姻的糟糕狀況則不那么令人感到興奮)”可排除B項(xiàng)。C:現(xiàn)在婚姻差距縮小了。第四段指出:大學(xué)畢業(yè)和高中畢業(yè)生的結(jié)婚率差距越來(lái)越大，如今已經(jīng)達(dá)到16%。因此排除C項(xiàng)。D:擁有大學(xué)文憑的女孩