非謂語動(dòng)詞指在句子中不是謂語的動(dòng)詞，主要包括不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞），非謂語動(dòng)詞除了不能獨(dú)立作謂語外，可以承擔(dān)句子的其他成分。非謂語動(dòng)詞指在句子中不是謂語的動(dòng)詞，主要包括不定式、動(dòng)名詞和動(dòng)詞ing及物動(dòng)詞（do)不及物動(dòng)詞（go)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)一般式doingbeingdonegoing完成式havingdonehavingbeendonehavinggone動(dòng)詞ing及物動(dòng)詞（do)不及物動(dòng)詞（go)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)eg:1.Isawthemplayingchessunderthetree.2.Theproblembeingdiscussednowisveryimportant.3.Havingfinishedmywork,Isatdowntorest.4.Havingbeentherethreetimes,heknowsthecitywell.eg:1.Isawthemplayingchess一般式的主動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示主動(dòng)進(jìn)行，V-ing的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之后或與主句謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生一般式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示被動(dòng)進(jìn)行，V-ing的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之后或與主句謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生完成式的主動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示主動(dòng)完成，V-ing的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前完成式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示被動(dòng)完成，V-ing的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前注：V-ing的完成式不能作定語。一般式的主動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示主動(dòng)進(jìn)行，V-ing的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂V-ing所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞忠弧⒆髦髡Z1.直接作主語eg:1.Seeingisbelieving.2.Smokingisn’tallowedhere.V-ing所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞忠?、作主語2.用it作形式主語it’snouse/useless(做…是沒用的)/nogood/nohelp/awasteoftime+doingeg:It’snousewaitinghere.2.用it作形式主語高中英語語法非謂語動(dòng)詞精講精練課件高中英語語法非謂語動(dòng)詞精講精練課件2.V-ing形式說明所修飾的人或物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，在功能上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句，可以改寫成一個(gè)定語從句。eg:1.Theboystandingthereismyclassmate.=Theboywhoisstandingthereismyclassmates.2.theboilingwater=thewaterwhichisboiling.3.Themachine____(use)ismadeinShanghai.=ThemachinewhichisusedismadeinShanghai.2.V-ing形式說明所修飾的人或物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，在功能上相3.表示人的心理活動(dòng)和思想情感的動(dòng)詞（interest/excite/surprise/move/astonish/satisfy/fighting),但是由于人的情緒變化而引起的表情、聲音等的變化，用V-ed形式。eg:1.Thisisan___(interest)story.2.Iam____(interest）inthe____(interest)film.3.Therewasan___(excite)lookonhisface.3.表示人的心理活動(dòng)和思想情感的動(dòng)詞（interest/ex四、作賓語補(bǔ)足語1.作感官動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語feel/listento/taste/smell/hear/see/watch/notice/observe紅色詞語用法一致（以see為例）see+賓語+do看見某人做某事的全過程see+賓語+doing看見某人正在做某事see+賓語+done看見某事被做see+賓語+beingdone看見某事被做eg:1.Ihearhim____(sing)asonginthenextroom.四、作賓語補(bǔ)足語1.作感官動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語2.Heheardhisname___(call).3.(1)Inoticethem____(repair)thecar.(2)Inoticethecar_____(repair).3.Themissingboywasseen____bytheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.played4.WhenIwasyoung,Iprefertowatchthetrain___(pull)inandout.5.Ismellsomething____(burn)inthekitchen.CanIcallyoubackinawhile.2.Heheardhisname___(call).2.作使役動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語①have+賓語+done使某事被做

+do讓某人做某事

+doing讓某人一直做某事②getsbtodosth讓某人做某事getsthdone讓某事被做getsb/sthdoing讓某人、某事一直做2.作使役動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語eg:1.Goandhaveyourhaircut.2.Itrymebesttohave/getthecarrunning.3.IhaveMarycleantheroom.eg:1.Goandhaveyourhaircut③leavesb/sth+adj.主動(dòng)

+doing表主動(dòng)關(guān)系

+done表被動(dòng)關(guān)系eg:1.Don’tleavethedooropen.2.Sheleftherbabycrying.3.Don’tleavetheworkhalfdone.使處于某種狀態(tài)③leavesb/sth+adj.主動(dòng)使處于某種狀態(tài)④keepsb/sth+使處于某種狀態(tài)doing主動(dòng)關(guān)系done被動(dòng)關(guān)系n.adj.prep.④keepsb/sth+doing主動(dòng)關(guān)系eg:1.I’msorrytohavekeptyou___(wait)formesolong.2.Hekepthishands___(clean)inhispocket.3.Theykepttheirmarrigeasecret.4.Thecoatwillkeepyouwarm.5.Hisillnesskepthiminbedforseveraldays.eg:1.I’msorrytohavekeptyo⑤startsb/sthdoing使…開始….eg:Thesmokestartedhercoughing.⑥catchsbdoing=sbbecaughtdoing撞見某人做某事eg:1.Theteachercaughthim___(sleep)intheclass.⑤startsb/sthdoing使…開始….⑦sendsb/sthdoing由于外力或外因而使…發(fā)生eg:Theearthquakesentthemrushingoutoftheroom.⑧setsb/sthdoing讓XX處于某種狀態(tài)⑨makesbdo讓某人做某事=sbbemadetodomakeoneselfdone使某人自己被…make+賓語+n./adj.⑦sendsb/sthdoing由于外力或外因而使…發(fā)eg:1.Whenyouspeak,besuretomakeyourself____(understand).2.Hisgiftmadeherveryhappy.3.Wemadehimourmonitor.eg:1.Whenyouspeak,besureto⑩find+賓語+doing表主動(dòng)關(guān)系

+done表被動(dòng)關(guān)系

+adj.+n.eg:1.Wefoundhimanhonestman.2.Wefoundthedoorlocked.3.WhenIcamein,Ifoundhim__(lie)ontheground.4.Afteralongsearch,wefoundthemissingboysafe.發(fā)現(xiàn)、發(fā)覺⑩find+賓語+doing表主動(dòng)關(guān)系發(fā)現(xiàn)、發(fā)覺五、作賓語⒈作某些動(dòng)詞后的賓語建議完成很在意，喜歡實(shí)踐提建議，寬恕考慮對(duì)報(bào)道，承認(rèn)允許有感激，不喜歡逃避和耽擱，想象理解別錯(cuò)過。suggest,finish,mindenjoy,practise,adviseforgive/excuse,consider,reportadmit,allow/permit,appreciatedislike,avoid/escape,delayimagine/fancy,understand,miss五、作賓語⒈作某些動(dòng)詞后的賓語forbid禁止bear/stand忍受risk冒險(xiǎn)resist抵抗keepcouldn’thelpdoing禁不住做某事

do不能幫助做某事eg:1.Keep___(practise,say)language.2.Hewasluckyhemissed__(catch).3.WhenIheardthefunnystory,Icouldn’thelp___(laugh).4.Noonewouldliketorisk___(ride)inaballon.forbid禁止bear/stand忍受risk2.做動(dòng)詞短語后的賓語devoteto…奉獻(xiàn)于…lookforwardto期待stickto堅(jiān)持payattentionto注意leadto導(dǎo)致objectto反對(duì)get/beusedto習(xí)慣于..getdownto開始認(rèn)真做某事referto提及，涉及，查閱2.做動(dòng)詞短語后的賓語3.用it作形式賓語make/find/think/suppose/consider/believe+it+nouse/nogood/nohelp/useless+doingeg：Ithinkituselessarguingwithhim.3.用it作形式賓語4.4.高中英語語法非謂語動(dòng)詞精講精練課件六、作狀語1.位于句首或句尾，通常有逗號(hào)與主句隔開，考慮分詞與主句主語之間的關(guān)系，如果是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用V-ing,如果是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用V-ed.2.通常情況下，主句的主語是分詞的邏輯主語。3.可作時(shí)間、原因、條件、伴隨、結(jié)果、讓步狀語。六、作狀語1.位于句首或句尾，通常有逗號(hào)與主句隔開，考慮分詞eg:1.Walkinginthestreet,Isawafriendofmine.=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Isawafriendofmine.2.Openingthedoor,Ifoundnobodyin.=WhenIopenedthedoor,Ifoundnobodyin.3.___(see)fromthehill,Icanseethewholecity.4.___(see)fromthehill,thewholecitylooksbeautiful.eg:1.Walkinginthestreet,Is2.原因狀語eg:1.Becausehewasill,hehadtostayathome.=Beingill,hehadtostayathome.2.Becauseyouareastudent,youmuststudyhard.=Beingastudent,youmuststudyhard.3.__Icouldn’tgotoschoolinmychildhood.A.PoorB.BeingpoorC.Tobepoor2.原因狀語3.條件狀語eg:1.Ifyouturnleft,youwillfindthepostoffice.=Turningleft,youwillfindthepostoffice.2.Standingonthehill,wewillseethewholecity.=Wewillseethewholecityifwestandonthehill3.條件狀語4.讓步狀語.eg:1.Thoughheisveryrich,heisunhappy.=Beingveryrich,heisunhappy.2.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hedidn’tknowhowtodoit.=Thoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes,hedidn’tknowhowtodoit.4.讓步狀語.5.伴隨狀語.eg:1.Mr.Smithcameintotheroomandhefollowedsomestudents.=Mr.Smithcameintotheroom,followingsomestudents.2.Mr.Smithcameintotheroomandhewasfollowedbysomestudents.=Mr.Smithcameintotheroom,followedbysomestudents.3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,___(prepare)alongspeechforthepresident.5.伴隨狀語.6.結(jié)果狀語:現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，分詞的動(dòng)作是主語造成的結(jié)果，謂語動(dòng)詞和分詞有因果關(guān)系。eg:1.Therainlastedaweeksothatitcausedmanyproblems.=Therainlastedaweek___(cause)manyproblems.2.Hewascaughtintherain,___(have)acold.6.結(jié)果狀語:現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，分詞的動(dòng)作是主語造成的結(jié)果七、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)1.作賓語人稱代詞賓格、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞普通格、名詞所有格+doingeg:Doyoumindme/my/Marry/Marry’ssittinghere.2.作主語形容詞性物主代詞、名詞所有格+doingeg:Tom/Mygettinguplatemadethebossangry.七、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)1.作賓語八、分詞的否定式在V-ing前直接加noteg:1.Notknowingwhattodo,heturnedtohisteacherforhelp.2.Tom’snotgettingupearlymadehismotherangry.八、分詞的否定式在V-ing前直接加noteg:1.Not九、獨(dú)立主格

若分詞的邏輯主語和主句的主語不一致，則在分詞前加上本身的邏輯主語，形成獨(dú)立主格。①n./pron.+doning表主動(dòng)

n./pron.+done表被動(dòng)eg:1.Whenhewaslyingthere,wewentaway.=He___(lie)there,wewentaway.2.Themeeting__over,wealllefttheroom.A.isB.beingC.wasD.were3.Weatherpermitting,wewillgoswimmingtomorrow.=Ifweatherpermits,wewillgoswimmingtomorrow.九、獨(dú)立主格若分詞的邏輯主語和主句的主語不一致，則在②with+賓語+doing表主動(dòng)進(jìn)行

+done表被動(dòng)完成

+todo表將來，可用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)

+adj.+adv.+prep.②with+賓語+doing表主動(dòng)進(jìn)行eg:1.WeareseatedwithMr.Wangstandingup.2.Wewenthomewithourhomeworkfinished.3.Wewillhave71studentswithXiaoHongtocome.4.Thenewly-electedpresidentwillhaveahardtimewithmanyproblemstosolve.5.Theteachercameinwithabookinhishand.6.Helikestosleepwiththewindowsopen.7.Somestudentsliketotalkwiththecalsson.eg:1.WeareseatedwithMr.Wan③Therebeing表示有eg:Therewasnobus,sowehadtowalkhome.=Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.④如果表示人的身體的某一部位的名詞做分詞的邏輯主語，則及物動(dòng)詞用ed,不及物動(dòng)詞用ing.③Therebeing表示有eg:1.Helaythere,hiseyes___(look)atthesky.2.Hecamein,hishands___(tie)behind.3.Shesattherewithhereyes___(fix)onthepicture.eg:1.Helaythere,hiseyes___(十當(dāng)主句前有and、but、or、so、therefore等連詞時(shí)，不能選現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞，可選一個(gè)完整的句子或祈使句。eg:(1)___tired,hecouldn’twalkanyfarther.(2)___tired,hislegshurt.(3)___tired,sohecouldn’twalkanyfarther.A.BeingB.HebeingC.Hewas十當(dāng)主句前有and、but、or、so、therefore等(2)___,hedidn’tgotoschool.A.BeingillB.HismotherbeingillC.AshewasillD.alltheabove(3)____nothingtodo,hewentout.Since___nothingtodo,hewentout.A.beingB.therebeingC.therewas(2)___,hedidn’tgotoschool.十一、分詞的慣用語1.judgingfrom/by根據(jù)…判斷2.talkingof..談到…3.adv.(generaly,exactly,strictly,frankly(坦白)+speaking….的說4.jokingapart言歸正傳5.given(that)如果十一、分詞的慣用語1.judgingfrom/byeg:1.Generalyspeakingthebookisnotdifficult.2.Judgingfromheraccent,shemustbefromHunan.eg:1.Generalyspeakingtheboo1.ThoughIhaveoftenheardthissong______,Ihaveneverheardyou______it.A.beingsung;sang B.sang;singingC.sung;sing. D.tobesung;tosing2.Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire______allnight.A.toburn B.burn C.burning D.burned.3.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman______hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.put B.tobeputting C.toput D.putting.4.—Didyoumeetanyone______attheparty?—No,infact,Ifoundthepartyrather______.A.interesting;boring B.interested;boring.C.interesting;bored D.interested;bored1.ThoughIhaveoftenheardt5.Thesalesmanscoldedthegirlcaught______andletheroff.A.tohavestolen B.tobestealingC.tosteal D.stealing.6.Don’tleavethewater_______whileyoubrushyourteeth.A.run B.running. C.beingrun D.torun7.The_______boywaslastseen_______neartheEastLake.A.missing;playing. B.missing;playC.missed;played D.missed;toplay8.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_______inthekitchen.A.smoke B.smoking. C.tosmoke D.smoked5.ThesalesmanscoldedthegiV-ed1.及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞既表示被動(dòng)又表示完成，不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞只能表示完成。2.現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動(dòng)式和過去分詞兩者都可以表示完成和被動(dòng)，但是現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動(dòng)式強(qiáng)調(diào)分詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前（時(shí)間性非常強(qiáng)），而過去分詞時(shí)間性不強(qiáng)?，F(xiàn)在分詞的完成主動(dòng)式及其被動(dòng)式不能作定語。eg:1.

If

heated,

water

is

changed

into

vapour.2.

Having

been

shown

around

the

lab,

the

guests

were

taken

to

see

the

library.V-ed1.及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞既表示被動(dòng)又表示完成，不及物動(dòng)3.否定式：①在過去分詞前直接加not②在過去分詞前加un(unknown,unfinished,undone)eg:Notallowedtocomein,hehadtowaitoutside.3.否定式：①在過去分詞前直接加not4.作定語。位置：單個(gè)分詞作定語，放在所修飾的名詞前。分詞短語作定語，放在所修飾的名詞后。功能：相當(dāng)于定語從句eg:abrokencup=acupwhichwasbroken.avasebrokenbyaboy=Avasewhichwasbrokenbyaboy.

注：定語：done表被動(dòng)完成

beingdone表被動(dòng)正在完成4.作定語。根據(jù)上述4點(diǎn)填空1.Thecastle___(build)in1812isunderrepair.2.Thebuilding___(build)nowisourschool.3.Thebuilding___(build)lastyearisourschool.4.Thebook___(belong)toMarryislost.5.Isthereanybodyhere___(invite)tothepartywere.6.Mostoftheartist___(invite)tothepartywereGermans.根據(jù)上述4點(diǎn)填空1.Thecastle___(build)5.作狀語。主句的主語一定是分詞的邏輯主語。過去分詞可以表時(shí)間.、原因.、條件、讓步.、伴隨eg:1.Exhausted,thechildrenfellasleepatonce.

2.Askedmanytimes,Itoldhimthesecret.3.Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.

注：狀語donehavingbeendone時(shí)間性強(qiáng)

beingdone被動(dòng)進(jìn)行5.作狀語。bedone作①狀語②后置定語eg:1.Lostinthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.2.Theyoungmanstressedinblack.2.Theprofessorcamein__(follow)byalotofstudents.3.Thestudentscamein___(follow)theirteacher.bedone作①狀語②后置定語Todo(動(dòng)詞不定式）一、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般式todotobedone進(jìn)行式tobedone\完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成進(jìn)行式tohavebeendone\Todo(動(dòng)詞不定式）一、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般式tod1.動(dòng)詞不定式的一般式表示動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之后。eg:Ihopetoseeyounextweek.2.動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式表示動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前。eg:ChakesBabbageisconsideredtohaveinventedthefirstcomputer.1.動(dòng)詞不定式的一般式表示動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞3.動(dòng)詞不定式的進(jìn)行式表示動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作與主語謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生。eg:Whentheteachercamein,somestudentspretendedtobestudying.4.動(dòng)詞不定式的完成進(jìn)行式表示動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前，并一直進(jìn)行著。eg:SheissaidtohavebeenwritingthenovelaboutNewYorkforyears.3.動(dòng)詞不定式的進(jìn)行式表示動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作與主語謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)二、否定式：在不定式之前直接加not構(gòu)成：nottodostheg:1.Hismothertoldhimnottomakenoises.2.Somestudentspromisedtheteachernottotalkduringtheclass.二、否定式：在不定式之前直接加三、動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)①forsbtodosthofsbtodosth區(qū)別：adj.(stupid/silly/kind/nice/wise/clever)形容詞是描述人的品質(zhì)的時(shí)候用of.eg:1.Doyouthinkitimportant__(of/for)ustolearnEnglish.2.Ithinkitverykind__(of/for)youtodoso.三、動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)②特殊疑問詞+todoeg:Idon’tknowwhattodo.Idon’tknowhowtoit.四、句法功能1.作主語：表示一次性具體動(dòng)作。eg:1.Toseeistobelive.2.Toservethepeopleisourduty.②特殊疑問詞+todoItis/was+adj.forsbtodosth.Itis/was+adj.ofsbtodosth某人做。。真是太。。。樣了eg:1.It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.2.It’simportantforustolearnEnglish.Itis/was+adj.forsbtodostitis/was+n.+todo…是。。。樣的eg:1.It’sanhonourtobeinvited.2.It’sapleasuretostudyEnglish.It’stimeforsbtodosththatSshoulddothatSV-ed是某人做某事的時(shí)候了itis/was+n.+todo…是。。。樣的It’sone’sturntodosth…輪到某人做某事了eg:It’syourturntocleantheroom.Ittakes/tooksb時(shí)間/金錢todosth做某事花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間/金錢eg:Ittakesme15minutestowalktoschool.2.作表語：具體的或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的動(dòng)作，通常情況下主表位置可以互換。It’sone’sturntodosth…輪到某人eg:1.Myaimistogotoschool.2.Togotocollegeismyaim.3.Thisproblemremainstobesolved.eg:1.Myaimistogotoschool3.作定語：①n.+todo表將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。eg:1.Ihavealotofworktodotonight.2.Givemesomethingtodrink.3.Ihavealettertopost.②表示某人是第幾位做某事the+序數(shù)詞+todoeg:1.Heisthefirstpersontofinishthejob.2.Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.3.作定語：①n.+todo表將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。③不定式與所修飾的詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，但不定式動(dòng)詞又為不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后面需加上相應(yīng)的介詞。但如果中心名詞是place、time、way時(shí)，介詞可省略。eg:1.There’snothingtoworry____.2.Ihavenochairtosit____.3.Theyfoundahousetolive____.4.Theyhavenodifficultyfindingaplacetolive___.③不定式與所修飾的詞有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，但不定式動(dòng)詞又為不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)4.作賓語：①動(dòng)詞：wantto/planto/hope.eg:Iwanttoeatanapple.②wouldlike/wouldlove/want/plan/hope/mean/expect/intendtohavedone表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的打算、希望、意圖等。eg:1.ImeanttohaveseenthefilmbutIhadalotofworktodo.2.WewouldliketohavewatchedTV,buttherewasnoelectricity.4.作賓語：①動(dòng)詞：wantto/planto/h③動(dòng)詞不定式做介詞（but,except)賓語時(shí)，當(dāng)在but或except前有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do時(shí)，其后的動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to可省。eg:1.Wehadnochoicebut___(study)abroad.2.Hewantednothingbut___(buy)aball.3.Hedidnothingbut___(return)home.4.Theycoulddonothingbut__(wait)forlettertocome.③動(dòng)詞不定式做介詞（but,except)賓語時(shí)，當(dāng)在but④make/feel/find/think/suppose/consider/believe+it+adj./n.+that…/todo…eg:1.MostofthestudentsthinkitdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.2.Hemakesitaruletogotoschoolearly.④make/feel/find/think/suppose/5.作賓語補(bǔ)足語：動(dòng)詞+sb+todosthwant/expect/allow/permitsbtodosth6.作狀語：①作目的狀語（not）todo/inorder(not)todo/soas(not)todo《用于句中》eg:1.Igotupearlynotto/inordernotto/soasnottomissthetrain.2.Hewenthometoseehisparents.5.作賓語補(bǔ)足語：動(dòng)詞+sb+todosth②作原因狀語：用于表示情感、情緒等詞之后。eg:1.I’msorrytohearthat.2.Shewaspleasedtobegiventhejob.③程度狀語：常用于表示程度的形容詞后（difficult/heavy/easy/hot)eg:1.Thesoupishottodrink.2.Theboxisheavytolift.②作原因狀語：用于表示情感、情緒等詞之后。④結(jié)果狀語A.如此…以至于so/such…asto=so/such…thatso+adj./adv.that=so+adj./adv+astodosuch+n.+that=such+n.+astodoso+adj.+a/an+n.+that=so+adj.+a/an+n.+astodosuch+a/an+adj.+n.+that=such+a/an+adj.+n.+astodo如果所修飾的詞是many/few/much/little時(shí)，一定用so.④結(jié)果狀語eg:1.Hewassoangryasnottobeabletospeak.=Hewassoangryastobeunabletospeak2.Hewassuchafoolastobelievehisstory.3.Heissuchagoodteacherthatweallloveher.=Heissogoodateacherthatweallloveher.eg:1.HewassoangryasnottoB.adj./adv.enoughtodo足夠…樣，做…eg:1.Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.2.Heranfastenoughtocatchthethief.C.onlytodosth表示出乎意料的結(jié)果eg:Hehurriedtothetrainstationonlytofindthatthetrainhadleft.D.too…to…太…而不能…當(dāng)too后面的adj.是表示態(tài)度、心情等意義的詞時(shí)，則翻譯成肯定含義。B.adj./adv.enoughtodo足夠…樣，eg:1.Heistooyoungtogotoschool.2.Wearetoogladtomeetyou.3.Wearetoohappytohearfromyou.eg:1.Heistooyoungtogoto非謂語動(dòng)詞小練44.Akindoldgentlemanoffered＿＿＿mybagstothetaxistand.

A.hishelpcarried

B.carryingC.metocarry

D.tohelpmetocarry.

45.Youcanhardlyimaginethedifficultythewomanhad＿＿＿h(yuǎn)erchildren.

A.broughtup

B.tobringup

C.bringingup.

D.tohavebroughtup

46.Hewas＿＿＿today,butwasaskedtostayfor＿＿＿week.

A.tohavereturned；another.

B.returning；onemoreC.returned；another

D.toreturn；other非謂語動(dòng)詞小練44.Akindoldgentleman47.--WhereshouldIsendmyform?--ThePersonnelofficeistheplace＿＿＿.

A.forsendingit

B.tosenditto.

C.tosend

D.tosendit

48.Icouldfeelthewind＿＿onmyfacefromanopenwindow.

A.toblow

B.blowing.

C.tobeblowing

D.blown

49.--Lucy,whydidn'tyoucomelastSunday?

--I＿＿＿,butmyfatherwasinhospital.

A.would

B.had

C.wasgoingto.

D.did

50.--Whatterribleweather!Isimplycan'tgetthecar＿＿＿.

--Whynottry＿＿＿＿theenginewithsomehotwater?

A.starting；filling.

B.start；fillingC.started；tofill

D.tostart；fill

47.--WhereshouldIsendmyf非謂語動(dòng)詞指在句子中不是謂語的動(dòng)詞，主要包括不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞），非謂語動(dòng)詞除了不能獨(dú)立作謂語外，可以承擔(dān)句子的其他成分。非謂語動(dòng)詞指在句子中不是謂語的動(dòng)詞，主要包括不定式、動(dòng)名詞和動(dòng)詞ing及物動(dòng)詞（do)不及物動(dòng)詞（go)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)一般式doingbeingdonegoing完成式havingdonehavingbeendonehavinggone動(dòng)詞ing及物動(dòng)詞（do)不及物動(dòng)詞（go)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)eg:1.Isawthemplayingchessunderthetree.2.Theproblembeingdiscussednowisveryimportant.3.Havingfinishedmywork,Isatdowntorest.4.Havingbeentherethreetimes,heknowsthecitywell.eg:1.Isawthemplayingchess一般式的主動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示主動(dòng)進(jìn)行，V-ing的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之后或與主句謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生一般式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示被動(dòng)進(jìn)行，V-ing的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之后或與主句謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生完成式的主動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示主動(dòng)完成，V-ing的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前完成式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示被動(dòng)完成，V-ing的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前注：V-ing的完成式不能作定語。一般式的主動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示主動(dòng)進(jìn)行，V-ing的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂V-ing所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞忠?、作主語1.直接作主語eg:1.Seeingisbelieving.2.Smokingisn’tallowedhere.V-ing所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞忠?、作主語2.用it作形式主語it’snouse/useless(做…是沒用的)/nogood/nohelp/awasteoftime+doingeg:It’snousewaitinghere.2.用it作形式主語高中英語語法非謂語動(dòng)詞精講精練課件高中英語語法非謂語動(dòng)詞精講精練課件2.V-ing形式說明所修飾的人或物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，在功能上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句，可以改寫成一個(gè)定語從句。eg:1.Theboystandingthereismyclassmate.=Theboywhoisstandingthereismyclassmates.2.theboilingwater=thewaterwhichisboiling.3.Themachine____(use)ismadeinShanghai.=ThemachinewhichisusedismadeinShanghai.2.V-ing形式說明所修飾的人或物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，在功能上相3.表示人的心理活動(dòng)和思想情感的動(dòng)詞（interest/excite/surprise/move/astonish/satisfy/fighting),但是由于人的情緒變化而引起的表情、聲音等的變化，用V-ed形式。eg:1.Thisisan___(interest)story.2.Iam____(interest）inthe____(interest)film.3.Therewasan___(excite)lookonhisface.3.表示人的心理活動(dòng)和思想情感的動(dòng)詞（interest/ex四、作賓語補(bǔ)足語1.作感官動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語feel/listento/taste/smell/hear/see/watch/notice/observe紅色詞語用法一致（以see為例）see+賓語+do看見某人做某事的全過程see+賓語+doing看見某人正在做某事see+賓語+done看見某事被做see+賓語+beingdone看見某事被做eg:1.Ihearhim____(sing)asonginthenextroom.四、作賓語補(bǔ)足語1.作感官動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語2.Heheardhisname___(call).3.(1)Inoticethem____(repair)thecar.(2)Inoticethecar_____(repair).3.Themissingboywasseen____bytheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.played4.WhenIwasyoung,Iprefertowatchthetrain___(pull)inandout.5.Ismellsomething____(burn)inthekitchen.CanIcallyoubackinawhile.2.Heheardhisname___(call).2.作使役動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語①have+賓語+done使某事被做

+do讓某人做某事

+doing讓某人一直做某事②getsbtodosth讓某人做某事getsthdone讓某事被做getsb/sthdoing讓某人、某事一直做2.作使役動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語eg:1.Goandhaveyourhaircut.2.Itrymebesttohave/getthecarrunning.3.IhaveMarycleantheroom.eg:1.Goandhaveyourhaircut③leavesb/sth+adj.主動(dòng)

+doing表主動(dòng)關(guān)系

+done表被動(dòng)關(guān)系eg:1.Don’tleavethedooropen.2.Sheleftherbabycrying.3.Don’tleavetheworkhalfdone.使處于某種狀態(tài)③leavesb/sth+adj.主動(dòng)使處于某種狀態(tài)④keepsb/sth+使處于某種狀態(tài)doing主動(dòng)關(guān)系done被動(dòng)關(guān)系n.adj.prep.④keepsb/sth+doing主動(dòng)關(guān)系eg:1.I’msorrytohavekeptyou___(wait)formesolong.2.Hekepthishands___(clean)inhispocket.3.Theykepttheirmarrigeasecret.4.Thecoatwillkeepyouwarm.5.Hisillnesskepthiminbedforseveraldays.eg:1.I’msorrytohavekeptyo⑤startsb/sthdoing使…開始….eg:Thesmokestartedhercoughing.⑥catchsbdoing=sbbecaughtdoing撞見某人做某事eg:1.Theteachercaughthim___(sleep)intheclass.⑤startsb/sthdoing使…開始….⑦sendsb/sthdoing由于外力或外因而使…發(fā)生eg:Theearthquakesentthemrushingoutoftheroom.⑧setsb/sthdoing讓XX處于某種狀態(tài)⑨makesbdo讓某人做某事=sbbemadetodomakeoneselfdone使某人自己被…make+賓語+n./adj.⑦sendsb/sthdoing由于外力或外因而使…發(fā)eg:1.Whenyouspeak,besuretomakeyourself____(understand).2.Hisgiftmadeherveryhappy.3.Wemadehimourmonitor.eg:1.Whenyouspeak,besureto⑩find+賓語+doing表主動(dòng)關(guān)系

+done表被動(dòng)關(guān)系

+adj.+n.eg:1.Wefoundhimanhonestman.2.Wefoundthedoorlocked.3.WhenIcamein,Ifoundhim__(lie)ontheground.4.Afteralongsearch,wefoundthemissingboysafe.發(fā)現(xiàn)、發(fā)覺⑩find+賓語+doing表主動(dòng)關(guān)系發(fā)現(xiàn)、發(fā)覺五、作賓語⒈作某些動(dòng)詞后的賓語建議完成很在意，喜歡實(shí)踐提建議，寬恕考慮對(duì)報(bào)道，承認(rèn)允許有感激，不喜歡逃避和耽擱，想象理解別錯(cuò)過。suggest,finish,mindenjoy,practise,adviseforgive/excuse,consider,reportadmit,allow/permit,appreciatedislike,avoid/escape,delayimagine/fancy,understand,miss五、作賓語⒈作某些動(dòng)詞后的賓語forbid禁止bear/stand忍受risk冒險(xiǎn)resist抵抗keepcouldn’thelpdoing禁不住做某事

do不能幫助做某事eg:1.Keep___(practise,say)language.2.Hewasluckyhemissed__(catch).3.WhenIheardthefunnystory,Icouldn’thelp___(laugh).4.Noonewouldliketorisk___(ride)inaballon.forbid禁止bear/stand忍受risk2.做動(dòng)詞短語后的賓語devoteto…奉獻(xiàn)于…lookforwardto期待stickto堅(jiān)持payattentionto注意leadto導(dǎo)致objectto反對(duì)get/beusedto習(xí)慣于..getdownto開始認(rèn)真做某事referto提及，涉及，查閱2.做動(dòng)詞短語后的賓語3.用it作形式賓語make/find/think/suppose/consider/believe+it+nouse/nogood/nohelp/useless+doingeg：Ithinkituselessarguingwithhim.3.用it作形式賓語4.4.高中英語語法非謂語動(dòng)詞精講精練課件六、作狀語1.位于句首或句尾，通常有逗號(hào)與主句隔開，考慮分詞與主句主語之間的關(guān)系，如果是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用V-ing,如果是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用V-ed.2.通常情況下，主句的主語是分詞的邏輯主語。3.可作時(shí)間、原因、條件、伴隨、結(jié)果、讓步狀語。六、作狀語1.位于句首或句尾，通常有逗號(hào)與主句隔開，考慮分詞eg:1.Walkinginthestreet,Isawafriendofmine.=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Isawafriendofmine.2.Openingthedoor,Ifoundnobodyin.=WhenIopenedthedoor,Ifoundnobodyin.3.___(see)fromthehill,Icanseethewholecity.4.___(see)fromthehill,thewholecitylooksbeautiful.eg:1.Walkinginthestreet,Is2.原因狀語eg:1.Becausehewasill,hehadtostayathome.=Beingill,hehadtostayathome.2.Becauseyouareastudent,youmuststudyhard.=Beingastudent,youmuststudyhard.3.__Icouldn’tgotoschoolinmychildhood.A.PoorB.BeingpoorC.Tobepoor2.原因狀語3.條件狀語eg:1.Ifyouturnleft,youwillfindthepostoffice.=Turningleft,youwillfindthepostoffice.2.Standingonthehill,wewillseethewholecity.=Wewillseethewholecityifwestandonthehill3.條件狀語4.讓步狀語.eg:1.Thoughheisveryrich,heisunhappy.=Beingveryrich,heisunhappy.2.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hedidn’tknowhowtodoit.=Thoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes,hedidn’tknowhowtodoit.4.讓步狀語.5.伴隨狀語.eg:1.Mr.Smithcameintotheroomandhefollowedsomestudents.=Mr.Smithcameintotheroom,followingsomestudents.2.Mr.Smithcameintotheroomandhewasfollowedbysomestudents.=Mr.Smithcameintotheroom,followedbysomestudents.3.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,___(prepare)alongspeechforthepresident.5.伴隨狀語.6.結(jié)果狀語:現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，分詞的動(dòng)作是主語造成的結(jié)果，謂語動(dòng)詞和分詞有因果關(guān)系。eg:1.Therainlastedaweeksothatitcausedmanyproblems.=Therainlastedaweek___(cause)manyproblems.2.Hewascaughtintherain,___(have)acold.6.結(jié)果狀語:現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，分詞的動(dòng)作是主語造成的結(jié)果七、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)1.作賓語人稱代詞賓格、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞普通格、名詞所有格+doingeg:Doyoumindme/my/Marry/Marry’ssittinghere.2.作主語形容詞性物主代詞、名詞所有格+doingeg:Tom/Mygettinguplatemadethebossangry.七、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)1.作賓語八、分詞的否定式在V-ing前直接加noteg:1.Notknowingwhattodo,heturnedtohisteacherforhelp.2.Tom’snotgettingupearlymadehismotherangry.八、分詞的否定式在V-ing前直接加noteg:1.Not九、獨(dú)立主格

若分詞的邏輯主語和主句的主語不一致，則在分詞前加上本身的邏輯主語，形成獨(dú)立主格。①n./pron.+doning表主動(dòng)

n./pron.+done表被動(dòng)eg:1.Whenhewaslyingthere,wewentaway.=He___(lie)there,wewentaway.2.Themeeting__over,wealllefttheroom.A.isB.beingC.wasD.were3.Weatherpermitting,wewillgoswimmingtomorrow.=Ifweatherpermits,wewillgoswimmingtomorrow.九、獨(dú)立主格若分詞的邏輯主語和主句的主語不一致，則在②with+賓語+doing表主動(dòng)進(jìn)行

+done表被動(dòng)完成

+todo表將來，可用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)

+adj.+adv.+prep.②with+賓語+doing表主動(dòng)進(jìn)行eg:1.WeareseatedwithMr.Wangstandingup.2.Wewenthomewithourhomeworkfinished.3.Wewillhave71studentswithXiaoHongtocome.4.Thenewly-electedpresidentwillhaveahardtimewithmanyproblemstosolve.5.Theteachercameinwithabookinhishand.6.Helikestosleepwiththewindowsopen.7.Somestudentsliketotalkwiththecalsson.eg:1.WeareseatedwithMr.Wan③Therebeing表示有eg:Therewasnobus,sowehadtowalkhome.=Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.④如果表示人的身體的某一部位的名詞做分詞的邏輯主語，則及物動(dòng)詞用ed,不及物動(dòng)詞用ing.③Therebeing表示有eg:1.Helaythere,hiseyes___(look)atthesky.2.Hecamein,hishands___(tie)behind.3.Shesattherewithhereyes___(fix)onthepicture.eg:1.Helaythere,hiseyes___(十當(dāng)主句前有and、but、or、so、therefore等連詞時(shí)，不能選現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞，可選一個(gè)完整的句子或祈使句。eg:(1)___tired,hecouldn’twalkanyfarther.(2)___tired,hislegshurt.(3)___tired,sohecouldn’twalkanyfarther.A.BeingB.HebeingC.Hewas十當(dāng)主句前有and、but、or、so、therefore等(2)___,hedidn’tgotoschool.A.BeingillB.HismotherbeingillC.AshewasillD.alltheabove(3)____nothingtodo,hewentout.Since___nothingtodo,hewentout.A.beingB.therebeingC.therewas(2)___,hedidn’tgotoschool.十一、分詞的慣用語1.judgingfrom/by根據(jù)…判斷2.talkingof..談到…3.adv.(generaly,exactly,strictly,frankly(坦白)+speaking….的說4.jokingapart言歸正傳5.given(that)如果十一、分詞的慣用語1.judgingfrom/